JP2008115781A - H-darrieus type windmill having opening and closing auxiliary blade - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem of an H-Darrieus type windmill for wind power generation that it is difficult to improve output performance, to lower the minimum speed of wind that enables power generation and to improve the output performance particularly at a low speed of wind because the windmill is not configured to make use of thrust force by wind acting on straight blades. <P>SOLUTION: The H-Darrieus type windmill 1 for wind power generation is a windmill in which the four straight blades 3 are arranged at positions a certain distance apart from a vertical shaft 2 and supported by means of the vertical shaft 2. Each straight blade 3 includes an openable and closable auxiliary blade 4 attached to an inner surface of the straight blade 3 on the side of the vertical shaft 2. A leading end of the auxiliary blade 4 in the rotating direction is turnably connected to a leading end of the straight blade 3 in the rotating direction by means of a hinge mechanism. The auxiliary blade 4 is configured such that it is turnable between a closing position where the auxiliary blade 4 is adjacent to the inner surface of the straight blade 3 and an opening position where the auxiliary blade 4 is opened at an arbitrary angle equal to or smaller than 90 degrees with respect to the inner surface of the straight blade. Because the auxiliary blade 4 is provided, it is possible to improve the output performance and lower the minimum speed of wind that enables the power generation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an H-Darius type wind turbine with an openable / closable auxiliary blade among wind turbines for wind power generation.

  Various wind turbines have been proposed as wind turbines for wind power generation and are in practical use. Patent Document 1 discloses a windmill similar to an H-Darius type windmill in which a plurality of straight blades are arranged around a vertical axis, and this windmill is a special type that realizes a variable pitch that varies the pitch of the straight blades. A link mechanism is provided. FIG. 5 of this Patent Document 1 discloses that a flap is provided in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the straight blade and the flap is tilted in conjunction with the pitch of the straight blade.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a horizontal rotating wind turbine having a plurality of pressure receiving plates extending in a radial direction from a vertical axis. A plurality of movable plates are hingedly connected to each pressure receiving plate, and the torque rotates in the leeward direction. The pressure receiving plate on the generating side is configured to receive the wind on the movable plate, and the pressure receiving plate rotating in the upwind direction is configured not to receive the wind by rotating the movable plate in the downwind direction.

  In Patent Document 3, a plurality of rotating blades extending in the radial direction from the vertical axis are provided, and each of the rotating blades is equipped with a plurality of openable movable blades, and when the rotating speed becomes excessive due to excessive wind speed, A vertical axis open / close blade type wind turbine configured to turn on an electrical contact using a centrifugal force acting on a movable weight and close a plurality of movable blades via an electric motor and a screw shaft is disclosed.

The H-Darius type wind turbine has a structure in which a plurality of straight blades are provided at positions spaced apart from a vertical axis by a predetermined distance and are fixedly supported on the vertical shaft, and the straight blades are configured in an airfoil cross section.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-10243 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-22042 JP 2005-133550 A

  This H-Darius type windmill has a simple structure and is suitable for a small windmill. However, the H-Darius type windmill is a structure that generates rotational torque mainly by the lift generated in a straight blade by natural wind, and the straight blade receives the wind. The structure is such that almost no rotational torque can be generated by the thrust generated by the wind. For this reason, natural wind energy cannot be fully utilized, and it is difficult to improve the output performance of the windmill easily.

  Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 do not include any technology that can be used to effectively use the thrust by wind in the H-Darius type windmill.

  The H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to claim 1 is an H-Darius type windmill for wind power generation in which a plurality of straight blades are arranged at a predetermined distance from the vertical axis and supported by the vertical axis. Each straight blade is provided with an auxiliary blade that can be opened and closed with respect to the inner surface on the vertical axis side, and the rotational direction leading end of the auxiliary blade is rotatably connected to the rotational direction leading end of the linear blade, The auxiliary blade is configured to be rotatable between a closed position close to the inner surface of the straight blade and an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less with respect to the inner surface.

  The auxiliary blade is configured to be rotatable between a closed position close to the inner surface of the straight blade and an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less with respect to the inner surface. If the rotational speed is not so high during rotation, the auxiliary blade opens from the inner surface of the straight blade according to the wind speed, the rotational speed of the windmill, and the circumferential position of the linear axis when the straight blade rotates in the leeward direction. Wind, and the thrust of the wind generates rotational torque. Since the auxiliary blade receives wind while the straight blades rotate 90 degrees or more, and when the wind receiving area of the auxiliary blade increases, the lever length that converts thrust to rotational torque also increases, so the wind acting on the auxiliary blade It is possible to generate a large rotational torque by effectively utilizing the thrust. Moreover, when the straight blade rotates in the windward direction, the auxiliary blade is automatically closed by the wind pressure, so that the resistance to rotation does not increase.

  The H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the width of the auxiliary blade in the rotational direction is larger than the width of the linear blade in the rotational direction. A tail portion protruding a predetermined width from the rotational direction trailing end portion of the straight wing is formed on the rotational direction trailing side portion, and the tail portion moves toward the outer peripheral side as it moves toward the rotational direction trailing side. The bent fork is formed in a curved shape. Since the tail portion is formed, the wind receiving performance of the auxiliary blade can be enhanced.

  The H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the auxiliary blade is a plate-like material made of any material selected from metal, synthetic resin, and FRP. It is characterized by being composed of members. Since the auxiliary blade is composed of a plate-like member, the auxiliary blade can be reduced in weight, and the response of the auxiliary blade to the wind can be ensured.

  The H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary blade has a wind speed and a rotational speed when the straight blade rotates in the leeward direction. The wind is received in the open position according to the position in the circumferential direction, and rotational torque is generated by the thrust of the received wind, and when moving from the open position to the closed position, it is held between the straight blades. It is characterized in that rotational torque is generated by ejecting air in the rotational direction trailing direction.

  Rotational torque can be generated by the thrust generated by the wind of the auxiliary blade, and when the auxiliary blade moves from the open position to the closed position, the air trapped between the straight blades is ejected in the rotational direction and the trailing direction. This generates rotational torque.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary blade that can be opened and closed with respect to the inner surface of the straight blade is provided, and the leading end of the rotational direction is rotatably connected to the leading end of the straight blade. Since it is configured to be rotatable between a closed position close to the inner surface of the straight blade and an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less with respect to the inner surface, when the straight blade rotates in the leeward direction, the rotational speed is When the straight blades are rotated 90 degrees or more in a state that is not so large, the auxiliary blade receives and opens the wind, and the rotational torque can be generated by the thrust of the wind. And the output performance of the wind turbine when the wind speed is low can be improved.

  In addition, during the wind receiving period, the length of the lever that converts the thrust into the rotational torque increases as the wind receiving area of the auxiliary blade increases, so that a large rotational torque can be generated by the thrust of the received wind. . Further, when the straight blade rotates in the windward direction, the auxiliary blade is automatically closed by the wind pressure, so that the resistance to rotation of the windmill does not increase.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the blade width of the auxiliary blade is formed to be larger than the blade width of the straight blade, and the rotation direction trailing side portion of the auxiliary blade has a predetermined width from the rotation direction trailing end of the straight blade. A protruding tail portion is formed, and the tail portion is bent or curved so as to move to the outer peripheral side as it moves to the trailing side in the rotational direction, so that the wind receiving performance of the auxiliary blade can be improved. .

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the auxiliary blade is composed of a plate-like member made of any material selected from metal, synthetic resin and FRP, the auxiliary blade is reduced in weight and the auxiliary blade responds to wind. Sex can be secured.

  According to the invention of claim 4, when the straight blade rotates in the leeward direction, the auxiliary blade receives the wind at an open position that is open according to the wind speed, the rotational speed, and the circumferential position, and receives the thrust of the received wind. In addition to generating rotational torque, when moving from the open position to the closed position, the rotational torque is generated by ejecting the air trapped between the straight blades in the rotational direction trailing direction.

  The H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to the present invention has a plurality of straight blades arranged at a predetermined distance from the vertical shaft and can be opened and closed with respect to the inner surface on the vertical shaft side of each straight blade. An auxiliary blade is provided, and the leading end portion in the rotational direction of the auxiliary blade is rotatably connected to the leading end portion in the rotational direction of the straight blade, and the auxiliary blade is located close to the inner surface of the straight blade and the inner surface. It is configured to be rotatable over an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an H-Darius type windmill 1 for wind power generation according to the present embodiment includes a vertical shaft 2 in a vertical position at the center, four straight blades 3, and each straight blade 3. The auxiliary blade 4 attached to the four blades, four sets of connecting stays 5a, 5b and two circular connecting plates 6a, 6b for integrally connecting the upper and lower ends of the four straight blades 2 to the vertical shaft 2. ing.

  The vertical shaft 2 is rotatably supported by a support structure (not shown), and the rotational torque of the vertical shaft 2 is transmitted to the generator and used for power generation. The four straight blades 3 are arranged at a circumferentially equally divided position at a predetermined distance from the vertical axis 2 in the radial direction. The straight blades 3 are linearly extending in the vertical direction with an airfoil cross section, and the four straight blades 3 are arranged in a state in which the front end of the straight blades 3 faces the leading direction of the rotation direction indicated by the arrow 7. The straight blade 3 is made of any material selected from, for example, a titanium alloy, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a synthetic resin excellent in strength and weather resistance, and FRP, and is configured to be solid or hollow and lightweight. ing. However, the material constituting the straight blade 3 is not limited to the above.

  A pair of circular connecting plates 6a and 6b are fixed in a horizontal posture at the portion of the vertical shaft 2 corresponding to the upper end and the lower end of the straight blade 3, and four connecting stays 5a are connected to each of the circular connecting plates 6a and 6b. , 5b are arranged horizontally so as to extend in the radial direction with respect to the vertical axis 2, the inner ends of the connecting stays 5a, 5b are fixed to the circular connecting plates 6a, 6b, and the upper and lower connecting stays 5a, 5b is located in the same vertical plane.

  The upper and lower ends of the straight wing 3 are fixed to the outer ends of the upper and lower connecting stays 5a and 5b of each set, and the connecting stays 5a and 5b and the straight wing 3 are fixed so as to be at right angles. It is also possible to fix at an angle of.

  Each straight blade 3 is provided with an auxiliary blade 4 that can be opened and closed with respect to the inner surface 3a on the vertical shaft 2 side. The auxiliary blade 4 is, for example, any material selected from titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, synthetic resin excellent in strength and weather resistance, and FRP, and is a plate-like lightweight member having a thickness of several millimeters. It is configured. The rotational leading edge 4a of the auxiliary blade 4 is rotatably connected to the rotational leading edge 3a of the straight blade 3 by a hinge mechanism 8 (see FIG. 3), and the auxiliary blade 4 is connected to the inner surface of the straight blade 3. It is configured to be rotatable over a close position close to it and an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less with respect to the inner surface of the straight blade 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the hinge mechanism 8 includes a plurality of rectangular notches 9 formed at the front end of the straight blade 3, and the front end of the auxiliary blade 4 so as to correspond to the notches 9. A plurality of cylindrical pivots 10 formed in the part, a locking part 11 formed at the front end of the straight blade 3 between the notch 9 and the notch 9, the cylindrical pivot 10 and the cylindrical pivot 10 In the meantime, it has a locked portion 12 formed at the front end of the auxiliary blade 4, a shaft hole 13 formed at the front end of the straight blade 3, and a shaft member 14 inserted into the shaft hole 13.

  A plurality of cylindrical support portions 10 are respectively fitted into the plurality of notches 9 and the shaft member 14 is inserted into the shaft hole 13 so that the front end portion of the auxiliary blade 4 is rotatably connected to the front end portion of the straight blade 3. Has been. The auxiliary blade 4 is in contact with or close to the inner surface of the straight blade 3, and the open position is spaced from the inner surface of the straight blade 3 and rotated about an angle of 90 degrees or less from the closed position around the shaft member 14. When the position reaches 90 degrees at the maximum, the plurality of locked portions 12 come into contact with the plurality of locking portions 11 and no longer rotate.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the width of the auxiliary blade 4 in the rotational direction (the width in the circumferential direction) is formed larger than the width of the straight blade 3 in the rotational direction (the width in the circumferential direction). A tail portion 4b that protrudes from the rotational trailing end portion of the straight blade 3 by a predetermined width is formed on the direction trailing side portion. The inner surface of the straight blade 3 is formed in a substantially flat shape, and the blade body portion 4c other than the tail portion 4b of the auxiliary blade 4 is also formed in a flat plate shape.

  However, the inner surface of the straight blade 3 may be formed in a curved shape, and in this case, the blade body 4c is formed in a curved surface that can contact or approach the curved surface. The tail portion 4b is formed in a bent shape bent about 30 degrees at the fold line portion 4d so as to move toward the outer peripheral side (the direction away from the vertical axis 2) as it moves toward the trailing direction of the rotational direction. It is formed in a shape. However, the tail portion 4b may be formed in a curved shape such that the tail portion 4b moves toward the outer peripheral side as it moves toward the rotational direction trailing side.

Next, the operation and effect of the H-Darius type wind turbine 1 described above will be described.
Referring to the representative circumferential positions A to E shown in FIG. 2 and taking as an example the case where natural wind blows from the direction of arrow W, the straight blade 3 moves from position A to position C in the windward direction. At this time, lift is generated in the straight blade 3 by the combined wind of the natural wind and the rotation of the air flow, and rotational torque is generated by the circumferential component of the lift.

  Assuming that there is no auxiliary blade 4, the wind thrust acts as a rotational resistance when the straight blade 3 moves from position B to position A, but the straight blade 3 moves from position D to position E. Sometimes wind thrusts act to promote rotation, so they cancel each other out. Similarly, when the straight blade 3 moves from position C to position D, the wind thrust acts to promote rotation, but when the straight blade 3 moves from position E to position B, the wind thrust is rotated. Since they act like resistances, they almost cancel each other.

Here, the following operations and effects can be obtained by the auxiliary blade 4 unique to the present invention.
When the straight blade 3 rotates in the leeward direction from the position C to the position E while the windmill 1 is rotated by receiving natural wind, the auxiliary blade 4 has the wind speed, the rotational speed of the windmill 1 and the straight blade 3. Open from the inner surface of the straight blade 3 according to the position in the circumferential direction and receive wind, and the thrust of the wind (thrust by dynamic pressure) generates rotational torque. Since the tail portion 4b of the auxiliary blade 4 receives wind at the position C, the auxiliary blade 4 starts to open, the opening degree of the auxiliary blade 4 increases from the position C to the position D, and the auxiliary blade 4 receives wind in a large area. . Due to this wind, a thrust by wind acts on the auxiliary blade 4, and a large rotational torque is generated by this thrust.
However, as the rotational speed of the windmill 1 increases, the amount of wind received by the auxiliary blade 4 decreases and the opening degree of the auxiliary blade 4 decreases, and the function of generating rotational torque by the auxiliary blade 4 decreases.

  After the straight blade 3 passes through the position D, thrust by the wind in the direction of closing the auxiliary blade 4 acts, so that the opening degree of the auxiliary blade 4 decreases suddenly, and the position between the position D and the position E The opening of the auxiliary blade 4 becomes zero. When shifting from the open position to the closed position, rotational torque is generated by ejecting the air trapped between the straight blades 3 in the rotational and trailing directions.

Since the auxiliary blade 4 receives wind while the straight blade 3 rotates 90 or more, and when the wind receiving area of the auxiliary blade 4 increases, the lever length L for converting the thrust T acting on the auxiliary blade 4 into rotational torque is also provided. Therefore, the wind thrust T acting on the auxiliary blade 4 can be effectively utilized to generate a large rotational torque, and the output performance of the windmill 1 can be enhanced.
As a result, the minimum wind speed that can be generated by the windmill 1 can be lowered to about 2 m / sec, the operating rate of the windmill 1 can be increased, and the output can be increased. The windmill 1 of the present invention can be applied to both a large windmill and a small windmill. However, in the small windmill, the peripheral speed at which the straight blades 3 move in the circumferential direction is lower than that of the large windmill. The auxiliary blade 4 is particularly effective for a relatively small windmill.

  Moreover, when the straight blade 3 rotates in the windward direction from the position E to the position C, the auxiliary blade 4 is automatically closed by the wind pressure, so that the resistance to rotation of the windmill 1 does not increase. Further, since the tail portion 4b is formed on the auxiliary blade 4, the opening operation of the auxiliary blade 4 can be started early at the position C, and the subsequent wind receiving can be promoted. The bent tail portion 4b can also enhance the performance of receiving wind between the inner surface of the straight blade 3 and the auxiliary blade 4 or the wind receiving performance.

Next, an example of partially changing the wind turbine 1 according to the embodiment will be described.
The number of straight blades of the windmill 1 is not limited to four, but may be three or five or more. The connecting stays 5a and 5b are arranged at portions corresponding to the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the straight blade 3, but may be provided at one or a plurality of portions corresponding to the middle step portion of the straight blade 3. The illustrated cross-sectional shape, blade width, etc. of the straight blades 3 are examples, and can be variously changed.

It is a perspective view of the H-Darius type windmill for power generation concerning the example of the present invention. It is a top view of the said windmill. It is a disassembled perspective view of the hinge mechanism which connects an auxiliary blade.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 2 Vertical shaft 3 Straight blade 4 Auxiliary blade 4b Tail part 5a, 5b Connection stay 6a, 6b Circular connection board

Claims (4)

In an H-Darius type wind turbine for wind power generation in which a plurality of straight blades are arranged at positions separated from a vertical axis by a predetermined distance and supported by the vertical axis,
Each straight wing is provided with an auxiliary blade that can be opened and closed with respect to the inner surface on the vertical axis side,
The rotational leading edge of the auxiliary blade is pivotally connected to the rotational leading edge of the straight blade,
The auxiliary blade is configured to be rotatable over a closed position close to the inner surface of the straight blade and an open position opened at an arbitrary angle of 90 degrees or less with respect to the inner surface.
An H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade. The width of the auxiliary blade in the rotational direction is formed to be larger than the width of the linear blade in the rotational direction, and a portion of the auxiliary blade in the rotational direction trailing side protrudes from the rotational direction trailing end of the linear blade by a predetermined width. A tail part is formed,
2. The H-Darius type with an openable / closable auxiliary blade according to claim 1, wherein the tail portion is formed in a bent shape or a curved shape so that the tail portion moves toward the outer peripheral side as it moves toward the rotational direction trailing side. Windmill.   3. The H-with openable auxiliary blade according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary blade is formed of a plate-like member made of any material selected from metal, synthetic resin, and FRP. Darius type windmill.   When the straight blades rotate in the leeward direction, the auxiliary blade receives the wind in an open position corresponding to the wind speed, the rotational speed, and the circumferential position, generates rotational torque by the thrust of the wind, and opens the auxiliary blade. 4. When moving from a position to a closed position, a rotational torque is generated by jetting air held between the straight blades in a rotational trailing direction. An H-Darius type windmill with an openable / closable auxiliary blade as described above.

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