CN107850049B

CN107850049B - Wind-catching horizontal shaft windmill

Info

Publication number: CN107850049B
Application number: CN201680039847.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 铃木政彦
Original assignee: NTN Corp
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2015-07-08
Filing date: 2016-06-01
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-01
Also published as: TW201706503A; CN107850049A; JP2017020371A; KR20180030091A; WO2017006657A1; JP6654821B2

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide a wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill that can sensitively respond to changes in the wind direction even in a breeze and can turn the front surface of the rotor toward the windward side. A rotor shaft (8) having a horizontal axis is mounted to the rear of a rotor shaft (7) that horizontally protrudes rearward from the interior of a windmill casing (3) mounted to a strut (2) via a mounting body (4). A rotating section (5) is integrally attached to the mounting body (4) whose lower part is fixed to a fixed section fixed to the strut (2) so as to allow the rotating section (5) and the windmill casing (3) to rotate together with a bearing (5A) interposed therebetween. The upper end of a transmission shaft (10) projecting upward from the strut (2) through the rotating portion (5) is connected to the front end of the rotor shaft (7) via transmission devices (11,12), and a rudder (14) is arranged on the left and right sides corresponding to or behind the position of the blade (9) via a support arm (13) projecting rearward from the outer peripheral rear portion of the windmill casing (3).

Description

Wind-catching horizontal shaft windmill

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill, and more particularly, to a wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill in which the front surface of a rotor can be instantaneously oriented toward the windward side even when the wind direction changes due to breeze.

Background

For example, patent document 1 discloses a horizontal axis wind turbine including a rudder at the rear of a wind turbine housing.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: JP2012-92651A

Disclosure of Invention

[ problem to be solved by the invention ]

In the invention described in patent document 1, since a heavy-weight generator, a transmission, and the like are disposed in the wind turbine housing, the weight of the rotating portion of the wind turbine housing increases, and even if a considerable airflow hits the rudder, it is difficult to immediately orient the wind turbine housing toward the windward side.

The object of the present invention is to provide a wind-capturing horizontal axis windmill that reacts sensitively to changes in the wind direction in breeze and allows the front surface of the blade to face the windward side at all times.

[ means for solving the problems ]

The features of the present invention are as follows.

(1) In a wind-capturing lateral axis windmill having a lateral axis rotor attached to the rear part of a rotor shaft horizontally protruding rearward from the inside of a windmill casing attached to a post by an attachment body, the lateral axis windmill includes a feature that the lower part of the attachment body is fixed to a fixing part fixed to the post, a rotating part is pivotally supported by the windmill casing, the upper end of a transmission shaft protruding upward from the post through an attachment part and the front end of the rotor shaft are connected by a transmission device, and a rudder is arranged on the left and right sides corresponding to the positions of blades or on the rear side via a support arm protruding in the rearward direction from the rear part of the outer periphery of the windmill casing.

(2) The wind-capturing lateral axis windmill according to the above (1), wherein the outer side surface of the rudder is disposed so as to be inclined in the range of 35 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor axis.

(3) The wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill of the above (1) or (2), wherein in the cross section of the rudder, the outer side surface is linear in the front and rear, the inner side surface is a curved surface protruding inward, and the rear edge protrudes outward.

(4) The wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill of any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein in the rudder, the surface layer of the FRP adheres to the surface of the foamed synthetic resin body.

(5) The wind-catching horizontal-axis wind turbine according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein an outer side surface of the rudder is a concave surface.

(6) The wind-catching horizontal-axis wind turbine according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the rudder is formed to be asymmetric left and right.

[ Effect of the invention ]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the invention described in (1) above, since a generator or the like having a heavy weight is not disposed in the windmill casing, the weight of the attachment portion applied to the strut is light, so that the windmill casing can be easily rotated even in a breeze.

In general, although a slip ring is used for a rotating member, since an attachment fixing portion fixed to a strut supports the rotating portion by a bearing disposed in an upper fitting portion, a windmill housing integrally fixed with the rotating portion can rotate so as to easily react and orient a front surface of a rotor toward a windward direction even when a rudder is subjected to a breeze.

In the invention described in (2) above, since the outer side surface of the rudder is disposed so as to be inclined by 35 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft, the directivity of the wind turbine housing is stably maintained when the wind turbine housing receives wind from the front surface.

If the rudder is disposed at an angle of more than 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft, an excessive resistance is applied to the rudder, and the change in the wind direction becomes unstable. In addition, if the angle is less than 35 degrees, it is difficult to sensitively react to a change in the wind direction.

In the invention described in the above (3), since the outer side surface is linear in the front and rear, the inner side surface is a curved surface protruding inward, and the rear edge protrudes outward in the cross section of the rudder, the speed of the air flow passing along the inner side surface is faster than the speed of the air flow passing along the outer side surface, and the air flow passes in the rear-outer direction due to the coanda effect.

As a result, the airflow passing along the left and right rudders acts to keep the wind turbine housing at the center, and the front surface of the rotor is always oriented toward the windward side without rattling due to the reaction.

In the invention described in (4) above, since the surface layer of FRP adheres to the surface of the foamed synthetic resin body in the rudder, the rudder is light in weight and high in strength, and there is little concern that the rudder will be a load on the windmill casing. In addition, even if the rudder is damaged and scattered, since the weight thereof is light, the collided object is not seriously damaged.

In the invention described in (5) above, since the outer side surface of the rudder is concave, when the outer side receives the air flow, a slight turbulent flow is generated at the circumferential end surface portion thereof, and the air flow is not leaked and firmly received. Thus, the orientation of the rotor can be reliably oriented towards the windward side.

In the invention described in (6) above, since the rudder is formed to be asymmetric left and right, horizontal turning of the rotor due to rotational vibration of the rotor can be suppressed by the uneven action of the airflow received by the rudder.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a horizontal axis wind turbine according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of the horizontal-axis wind turbine shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a main portion in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of fig. 3 as viewed from the right side.

Fig. 5 is a left side view of embodiment 2 of the rudder of the horizontal axis wind turbine according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a front view of embodiment 3 of the rudder of the horizontal axis wind turbine of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a wind-capturing horizontal axis windmill 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a horizontal axis windmill) of the present invention, the front portion of a windmill casing 3 is pivotally mounted on the upper end of a vertical tubular post 2 by a tubular mounting body 4. The attachment body 4 hangs down from the main portion of the windmill casing 3, and a flange 4A at the lower end of the attachment body 4 is connected to a flange 2A at the upper end of the strut 2 by bolts so that the attachment body 4 is fixed to the tubular strut 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the wind turbine casing 3 has an elongated oval shape, and a support frame 6 is disposed inside the front portion thereof. Front and

rear bearings

6A,6B of the support frame 6 support the front portion of the rotor shaft 7. The rear end of the horizontal rotor shaft 7 protrudes outward from the rear of the windmill casing 3, and a rotor 8 is mounted at the tip end portion of the rear of the rotor shaft 7.

The tubular attachment body 4 projecting downward from the support frame body 6 is fixed to a flange 2A provided at the upper end of the strut 2 via a flange 4A at the lower end of the attachment body 4, and is pivotally fitted with a rotating portion 5 by a bearing 5A provided in a fitting portion 4B at the upper end of the tubular attachment body 4.

The rotating portion 5 is integrally fixed to a lower portion of a support frame 6 coupled to the wind turbine casing 3, and the wind turbine casing 3 is rotatable on the attachment 4 together with the rotating portion 5. As a result, when the rudder 14 receives wind and its direction changes, the windmill housing 3 can easily change its direction to the windward direction.

The lower end of a vertical drive shaft 10 provided in the tubular post 2 is connected to a generator (not shown), and the upper end of the drive shaft 10 passes through the centers of the installation body 4 and the rotation part 5 and protrudes into the support frame 6. A transmission 11, which is constituted by a bevel gear fixed to the upper end of the drive shaft 10, meshes with a transmission 12, which is constituted by a bevel gear fixed to the rotor shaft 7. Thus, the rotation of the rotor 8 is transmitted to the drive shaft 10, and power generation is performed by the generator.

A plurality of lift type blades 9 are fixed to the circumferential surface of the hub 8A of the rotor 8, and the tip end portion of each lift type blade 9 is an inclined portion 9A facing the windward direction. When the front surface of the blade 9 receives wind, the airflow moving in the tip direction along the front surface of the blade 9 strikes the inclined portion 9A to increase the rotational force.

A base 13A of a flat arm 13 having a V-shape in a plan view is fixed to an outer surface of the rear portion of the windmill casing 3. The base portion 13A extends in the outward direction of the windmill casing 3, and the tip end portion 13B thereof extends obliquely in the outward rearward direction. In the side view, the support arms 13 are paired up and down, and the respective rear ends are separated from each other and increased in interval.

The rudder 14 is shown as a lengthwise rectangle, but the shape is not limited thereto. For example, it is arbitrary such as a square or a circle. In the cross section of the rudder 14, the outer side surface 14A is linear in the front and rear, and the inner side surface 14B is formed as a curved surface gradually increasing in thickness from the front edge to the rear edge, with the rear edge portion 14C projecting outward in an arc shape.

The distal end portion of the support arm 13 is fixed to the outer side surface 14A by screwing. The outer surface 14A is inclined at an angle in the range of about 35 to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor shaft 7.

Since the rudder 14 receives a large wind area, the rudder 14 instantaneously responds regardless of the wind direction when blowing wind, and since the windmill casing 3 is light in weight, the horizontal axis windmill 1 constructed as described above immediately faces the front surface of the rotor 8 to the windward side.

In the windmill housing 3, since a heavy object such as a generator is not disposed and the windmill housing 3 is supported by the bearing 5A in the mounting body 4, the windmill housing 3 is easily rotated even by a gentle wind. In addition, since the rudder 14 is always downwind, the front surface of the rotor 8 faces the windward side and the lift type blade 9 receives wind in the front to rotate without interruption.

Since the inner side surfaces 14B of the left and right rudders 14 are curved surfaces that protrude in the inward direction, the air flow passing along the inner side surfaces 14B is faster than the air flow passing along the outer side surfaces 14A. Therefore, the air flows from the rear edge portion 14C to the outside due to the coanda effect (coanda effect), and the position of the rotor 8 is maintained in a balanced state due to the reaction of each other.

Since the drive shaft 10 and the rotor shaft 7 are connected by means of bevel gears via the

transmission

11,12, the drive shaft 10 will not be problematic even if the windmill housing 3 is rotated. Accordingly, the rotational force of the rotor 8 is transmitted to the drive shaft 10 while changing the direction, and the generator disposed below the drive shaft 10 is rotated.

Fig. 5 is an outside view showing embodiment 2 of the rudder 14. The same components as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In embodiment 2, the outer side surface 14A of the rudder 14 is formed as a concave surface like a bucket.

Thus, when the airflow hits the outer side surface 14A, the airflow does not pass through lightly, but minute turbulence is generated at the rear edge portion 14C or the upper and lower circumferential end portions, the airflow stays on the concave surface, and the airflow does not pass through at a high speed. Therefore, the wind force can reliably act on the rudder 14, and the rotor 8 can be oriented toward the windward side.

Fig. 6 is a front view showing embodiment 3 of the rudder. The same components as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

When the rotor 8 rotates in the state shown in fig. 1, the lift-type blades 9 horizontally turn around the drive shaft 10 by a force applied in a rotation direction rotating from the upper side to the lower side based on a centrifugal force.

To prevent such turning, the left and

right rudders

14,14 are formed asymmetrically. The wind receiving area on the turning side of the rudder increases. In fig. 6, the rudder 14 on the right receives a large amount of wind, thereby suppressing the turning.

The left-right asymmetry of the rudder 14 can vary various factors such as length, width, weight, and mounting position from the rotor. Basically with respect to the rotor, according to the length, weight of the blades, habits on the machine, wind conditions, etc.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present invention can sensitively react to a change in wind direction under a breeze and allow the front surface of the rotor to face the windward side, thereby enabling the use of wind power generation capable of effectively generating power even in regions and seasons where the wind direction is easily changed.

List of reference numerals

1 wind-catching horizontal axis windmill

2 tubular post

2A flange

3 windmill casing

4 mounting body

4A flange

4B Assembly part

5 rotating part

5A bearing

6 support frame body

6A,6B bearing

7 rotor shaft

8 rotor

8A wheel hub

9 lift type blade

9A inclined part

10 drive shaft

11,12 transmission device

13 supporting arm

13A base

13B terminal part

14 rudder

14A lateral surface

Medial surface of 14B

14C rear edge part

Claims

1. A wind-catching horizontal-axis windmill having a horizontal-axis rotor mounted to the rear of a rotor shaft that horizontally protrudes rearward from the inside of a windmill casing mounted on a strut by a mounting body; the lateral axis wind turbine is characterized in that a lower portion of the mounting body is fixed to a fixed portion fixed to the strut, a rotating portion is pivotally supported by the wind turbine housing, an upper end of a transmission shaft protruding upward from the strut through a fitting portion and a front end of the rotor shaft are connected by a transmission device, and a rudder is arranged on left and right sides corresponding to positions of the blades or on the rear via a support arm protruding in a rear direction from an outer peripheral rear portion of the wind turbine housing,

wherein in the cross section of the rudder, the outer side surface is linear in the front and rear, the inner side surface is a curved surface protruding inward, and the rear edge protrudes outward.

2. The wind-capturing cross-axis windmill of claim 1 wherein the outer side surface of the rudder is disposed so as to be inclined in the range of 35 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the rotor axis.

3. The wind capturing cross-axis windmill of claim 1 wherein in the rudder, a surface layer of FRP is adhered to a surface of a body of foamed synthetic resin.

4. The wind capturing cross-axis windmill of claim 1 wherein in the rudder the outer side surface is concave.

5. The wind capturing cross-axis windmill of claim 1 wherein the rudder is formed to be left-right asymmetric.