CN101124401A - Propeller and horizontal shaft windmill - Google Patents
Propeller and horizontal shaft windmill Download PDFInfo
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- CN101124401A CN101124401A CNA2005800473771A CN200580047377A CN101124401A CN 101124401 A CN101124401 A CN 101124401A CN A2005800473771 A CNA2005800473771 A CN A2005800473771A CN 200580047377 A CN200580047377 A CN 200580047377A CN 101124401 A CN101124401 A CN 101124401A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
A propeller, wherein the tip parts of the propeller blades (3) of a horizontal-shaft windmill are tilted in the front direction of the propeller blades (3) to form inclination parts (3c). The inclination angle of the tilted parts (3c) is set within the range of 25 to 50 DEG relative to the longitudinal direction of the propeller blades (3).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to propeller cavitation and horizontal axis wind turbine, particularly relate to a kind of propeller cavitation, wherein incline section is formed and makes the distal portions of propeller blade of wind turbine tilt towards the front surface of propeller blade, the invention still further relates to the horizontal axis wind turbine that uses this propeller cavitation.
Background technique
In the past, the horizontal axis propeller turbine has been used as the wind turbine of wind-driven generator.Used the propeller blade leaf length be about 10m to 50m than king bolt oar wind turbine, and the propeller turbine that narrows down of blade far-end is owing to the high main flow that becomes use of rotation efficiency.Its reason is the rotating speed that the rotating speed of the far-end of longer propeller blade is higher than near-end naturally for this reason.Therefore, think that the resistance of air will increase when the chord length of the far-end of propeller blade increases, and rotating speed will reduce.Habitual propeller cavitation also makes is overflowed along centrifugal direction by the wind of propeller cavitation reception, and produces great loss.
Summary of the invention
The rotation efficiency of wind turbine is determined by the wind receiving surface area of propeller cavitation.For example, have identical two groups of triangular shaped propeller blades, one group of chord length that has in the increase of near-end wherein, and another group has the chord length in the increase of far-end, though the wind receiving surface area that they demonstrate wind turbine equates that the propeller blade that increases the far-end chord length has the axial moment of increase and the rotating speed of minimizing.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of propeller cavitation, wherein the increase of wind-force efficient is to tilt with the formation incline section towards front surface by the distal portions that makes propeller blade, and makes the wind that contacts with this incline section be concentrated into towards rotating center; The objective of the invention is also to provide a kind of horizontal axis wind turbine that uses this propeller cavitation.Of the present invention being described in detail as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the propeller cavitation of the expression embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the planimetric map of the propeller cavitation shown in the presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view along the line A-A among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the line B-B among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view along the line C-C among Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view along the line D-D among Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view along the line E-E among Fig. 1;
Fig. 8 is the sectional view along the line F-F among Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 is the left side view of a propeller blade shown in the presentation graphs 1;
Figure 10 is the front view of the propeller cavitation of the expression embodiment of the invention 2;
Figure 11 is the side view of the propeller cavitation of the expression embodiment of the invention 3;
Figure 12 is the planimetric map of the propeller cavitation shown in expression Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the side view of expression horizontal axis wind turbine of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the front view of the horizontal axis wind turbine shown in expression Figure 13;
Figure 15 is the embodiment's 2 of an expression horizontal axis wind turbine of the present invention planimetric map;
Figure 16 is the front view of the horizontal axis wind turbine shown in expression Figure 15;
Figure 17 is the front view of the propeller cavitation of the expression embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 18 is the side view of a propeller blade shown in expression Figure 17;
Figure 19 is the planimetric map of a propeller blade shown in expression Figure 17;
Figure 20 is the sectional view along the line A-A among Figure 18;
Figure 21 is the sectional view along the line B-B among Figure 18; And
Figure 22 is the side view that is used to illustrate propeller cavitation.
Embodiment
Incline section is formed and makes the distal portions of wind receiving part of propeller blade tilt towards front surface.The distal edge of propeller blade is formed has big chord length, so that increase the wind receiving efficiency.
Introduce embodiments of the invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1 is the front view of expression propeller cavitation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the planimetric map of the propeller cavitation shown in the presentation graphs 1.In Fig. 1, propeller cavitation 1 is provided, wherein three propeller blades 3 radially are arranged on the front surface of wheel hub 2 equally spacedly.Reference character 4 expression screw shafts.Wheel hub 2 can have arbitrary shape.
As shown in Figure 2, the far-end of propeller blade 3 tilts towards the front portion, so that form incline section 3c.Reference character 3d among Fig. 1 represents the boundary line of the proximal part of incline section 3c, and proximal boundary line 3d is set to circular arc, this circular arc in the rotary course of propeller blade 3 along rotating locus (T).
Therefore, in the rotary course of propeller blade 3, the resistance of air of the proximal part of incline section 3c reduces.
The length of incline section 3c for example is length about 5% to 20% of propeller blade, and with respect to its tilt angle of straight portion of propeller blade 3 in the center be at 15 degree to the scopes of 50 degree, preferably at 40 degree to the scopes of 45 degree.The maximum chord length of wind receiving part 3b is set to rotating diameter about 14% of propeller blade 3, and can be arranged in 15% to 25% the scope.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view along the line A-A among Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the line B-B among Fig. 1; And Fig. 5 is the sectional view along the line C-C among Fig. 1.
The front surface that wind receiving part 3b is designed such that wind receiving part 3b tilts gradually with respect to the sense of rotation of wheel hub 2, and this inclination is developed to distal portions from the base portion part 3a of propeller blade 3.
In this structure, the back-end region of wind receiving part 3b (left half among the figure) is the closer to the front of the remote area of propeller blade 3, and these back-end regions are big more along the displacement of front surface direction.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the incline section 3c D-D along the line among Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is the sectional view along the line E-E among Fig. 1; And Fig. 8 is the sectional view along the line F-F among Fig. 1.Blade is the closer to the distal portions of incline section 3c, and blade protrudes more towards preceding, and front surface is far away more from front edge (right side in the figure) towards rear edge (left side in the figure), and these surfaces tilt more towards the back.
In Fig. 1 and 2, when wind when anterior direction applies, the surface area that contacts with wind is wide in the part of A-A along the line, and the wind of being represented by arrow A flow to left along the front surface of propeller blade 3, and on propeller blade 3, produce pressure along arrow a direction, as shown in Figure 3.
In the part of B-B along the line, the surface area that contacts with wind is than littler in the part of A-A along the line, because the wind of being represented by arrow A flow to left along the front surface of propeller blade 3, and front surface has the big oblique angle that retreats, therefore wind passes through fast, and on propeller blade 3, produce pressure along arrow b direction, as shown in Figure 4.
In the part of C-C along the line, the surface area that contacts with wind is than littler in the part of B-B along the line, because the wind of being represented by arrow A flow to left along the front surface of propeller blade 3, and front surface has the big oblique angle that retreats, therefore wind passes through fast, and on propeller blade 3, produce pressure along arrow c direction, as shown in Figure 5.Base portion part 3a runs into wind resistance, but does not hinder the rotation of propeller blade 3, because the surface area of base portion part 3a is little.
In Fig. 9, the wind that contacts with inclined surface between a P and Q is towards a Q deflection.Wind is identical to putting the time that Q spent from a P to putting time that Q spent and wind from an O, therefore, wind be higher than from a P to the speed of putting Q wind from an O to the speed of putting Q.
Therefore, in Fig. 9, the wind that contacts with the anterior inclined surface of incline section 3c leads to proximal boundary line 3d at a certain angle at a high speed, and converge with wind that the front surface of crossing the wind receiving part 3b shown in the Figure 4 and 5 flow to left backward, thereby increased air density and blast, and led to the back of propeller blade 3.
Specifically, although stagnate the drag losses that causes manifest bigger in Fig. 1 in incline section 3c owing to wind, the wind that contacts with incline section 3c is to pass through at a high speed, shown in arrow A among Fig. 11.Therefore, not only do not have wind resistance, and make wind around the base portion part 3a of the propeller blade 3 of the line B-B from Fig. 1 to pass through at a high speed at incline section 3c place.
When front surface place wind speed increases, produce negative pressure at the front surface place of incline section 3c.Therefore, produce the wind localization effects, thereby make the wind of normal pressure, and in identical wind speed and identical time, more wind contact incline section 3c is arranged than other zone from the additional front surface that concentrates on inclined surface 3c of other parts.
When base portion part broad in habitual propeller blade, flowing of wind will be suppressed when propeller blade rotates, and load places on the propeller blade, and rotation efficiency is subjected to the adverse effect of distinguished and admirable narrow far-end to propeller blade.
On the contrary, have in the present invention around the good stream condition of the base portion part 3a of propeller blade 3, centrifugal part broad is collected air by incline section 3c, and wind is to guide wind receiving part 3b at a high speed into.Therefore, guaranteeing has good wind recovery characteristics, and obtains a large amount of wind-force at the centrifugal part place of propeller blade 3.Therefore, axial torque increases by lever principle.
Therefore, under the situation that does not add linear leaf, increase the efficient of wind turbine, and obtained the rigidity of relevant propeller blade 3, the height of wind turbine and the advantage of other factors.As shown in Figure 2, the shape of propeller blade 3 makes less along apparent surface's area of sense of rotation, and cross section produces lift (lift).Therefore, when beginning to rotate, propeller cavitation 1 produces rotation lift.
In the case, as previously mentioned, air density reduces, and will produce negative pressure from a P to the wind speed of putting Q during greater than the wind speed between an O and some Q at the front surface place of the incline section 3c of Fig. 9.Therefore, the front surface of the wind of normal pressure from the other parts rapid movement to incline section 3c, thus produce than identical effect during with the wind contact of more speed in other parts, and the air density of time per unit increases.Therefore, promote total blast increase of propeller blade 3 along sense of rotation.
Specifically, though incline section 3c is revealed as and makes and to becalm stagnantly, in fact wind speed increases, so wind passes through fast, and compares with other parts, and corresponding more substantial wind contacts with incline section 3c.Therefore obtain high wind receiving efficiency.In this respect, preferably longer distance, owing to leave when farther than O and Q as some P and Q, wind speed compares higher to the wind speed of putting the Q process from an O.But, since when have only adopt gradually the tilt angle and long apart from the time wind will dissipate, so optimum incline angle is in 45 spend.
In Fig. 1, the wind that contacts with the front surface of incline section 3c around the proximal part of incline section 3c at a high speed backward by helping wind to make propeller blade 3 rotate along sense of rotation.
Specifically, in Fig. 4, from a T to put wind speed that R passes through greater than from a S to putting the wind speed that R passes through.Therefore, the blast that acts on the front surface of incline section 3c promotes propeller blade 3 along sense of rotation.
When the rotating ratio of the rotating speed of habitual propeller cavitation and propeller cavitation of the present invention 1 than the time, be formed at the distal portion office of propeller blade 3 by this way at propeller cavitation 1 medium dip part 3c of the present invention, rotating speed has notable difference, promptly the rotating speed of Guan Yong propeller cavitation is 210rpm, and the rotating speed of propeller cavitation of the present invention is 405rpm.
Figure 10 is the embodiment's 2 of expression propeller blade 3 a front view.Same reference numerals is used for representing the part identical with previous embodiment, and no longer these parts is further specified.
The Extreme breadth of wind receiving part 3b among the embodiment 2 is set to 20% of airscrew diameter.But Extreme breadth rises to 25% of airscrew diameter.The width of the front surface of base portion part 3a is set to be equal to or less than 1/3 of this Extreme breadth.The cross section of wind receiving part 3b is basic identical with embodiment 1.
Figure 11 is the embodiment's 3 of expression propeller blade 3 a side view; And Figure 12 is its planimetric map.Same reference numerals is used to represent the part identical with previous embodiment, and no longer this part is further specified.
The chord length that this propeller blade 3 is designed such that distal portions is big, and the base portion part is narrow.The width of base portion part is preferably in 26% to 40% scope of maximum chord length.The base portion part 3a of propeller blade 3 is narrow, and therefore obtains to discharge characteristic around the good air-flow of axis in rotary course.
In Figure 11, the standing part 1a of propeller blade 3 is fixed on the screw shaft 4 with the right angle.The vertical center line of propeller cavitation 1 (E) recedes 4 degree to 6 degree with respect to the vertical vertical center line (C) vertical with the rear surface of standing part 1a.The feasible wind that arrives the front surface of wind receiving part 3b of this inclined surface quickens towards the far-end of propeller blade 3.
In Figure 11, the incline section 3c of propeller blade 3 is designed such that its core turns forward 25 degree to 45 degree with respect to aforementioned vertical center line (E).This inclination makes the wind receiving surface area of incline section 3c increase to about 1.4 times of surface area of vertical surface.When the tilt angle is 25 degree or more hour, little along the amount of acceleration of inclined surface.When angle was spent above 45, amount of acceleration reduced again, because flow near straight carrying out.
In Figure 12, front surface be set to respect to the negative angle of attack (attack) of reference line (F) (G) be 6 degree to 15 degree, this reference line (F) is parallel to the rear surface of standing part 1a at the distal side edge place of wind receiving part 3b.Specifically, the blast when following propeller cavitation 1 rotation does not directly apply with the negative angle of attack (G), and the wind that arrives rotating screw blade 3 is directly with the negative angle of attack (G) effect, but along the negative angle of attack (G) around and lead to the back.
In Figure 11, because whole the receding of front surface of wind receiving part 3b, therefore when wind was received by the front surface of propeller cavitation 1, wind moved from the some P of proximal part towards figure.Such reason is the direction operation of wind along minimum drag.
Represent by arrow A and with wind that Figure 11 medium dip part 3c contacts in, it is identical that wind flows to the some time that P spent from a time that O point of arrival P is spent and air from a Q, therefore, the speed that air flows to some P from a Q greater than wind from the speed of O point of arrival P.Air density reduces when speed increases, and produces negative pressure with respect to surrounding atmosphere.When producing negative pressure, the surrounding atmosphere that is in normal pressure flows into fast.
Therefore, the front that is in incline section 3c at inclined surface tells on, thereby in the identical time cycle, than the more substantial wind of other parts by local attraction.Specifically, the wind that contacts with the front surface of the wind receiving part 3b of propeller blade 3 is because the 3D shape of propeller blade 3 and concentration of local under the same conditions, and on the some P part that acts on than strong wind among Figure 11, so the rotation efficiency of propeller cavitation 1 increases.
As shown in Figure 12, wind flows to the some time that S spent from a time that R point of arrival S is spent and air from a T identical, thereby, the speed that air flows to some S from a T greater than wind from the speed of R point of arrival S.Therefore, lateral flow and the air ratio that contacts with wind receiving part 3b stay in the peripheral region and the wind that contacts with the wind receiving part 3b of propeller blade 3 faster, so a large amount of wind is attracted to the front surface of wind receiving part 3b.
Therefore, though when the wind speed of representing by arrow A less than 4m/s, also acceleration when contact of wind with propeller cavitation 1.Particularly incline section 3c has wide shape, wherein chord length be propeller cavitation 1 rotating diameter 26% to 40%.Therefore, wind a large amount of in set time contact, and produce big axially torque according to lever principle.
Thus, this propeller cavitation 1 has the effect of a large amount of wind of concentration of local, because form incline section 3c at the distal portions of propeller blade 3.
The chord length of the far-end by propeller blade 3 being widened into make it is 26% to 40% of a rotating diameter, and the zone that wind is concentrated has the surface area bigger than other parts, and wind contacts with the centrifugal part of the rotation of propeller cavitation 1.Therefore, can effectively utilize lever principle, even and also can obtain larger axis to torque by more weak wind.The front surface of wind receiving part 3b also is being in the negative angle of attack (G) with respect to the base portion part 3a of propeller blade 3 towards the distal portion office, therefore obtain the wind localization effects, and the wind that wherein contacts with wind receiving part 3b quickens to lead to the rear of rotation.
And, whole towards rear-inclined from the base portion part of propeller blade 3 to distal portions, will the wind that contact with wind receiving part 3b be quickened and concentrate, and be increased in the rotating force at the centrifugal part place of propeller cavitation 1 towards far-end.
Figure 13 is the embodiment's 2 of expression horizontal axis wind turbine 5 a right side view, and wherein propeller cavitation 1 is assembled in the wind turbine, and the left side of figure is anterior.Figure 14 is the front view of expression horizontal axis wind turbine.Same reference numerals is used to represent part as hereinbefore, and will no longer further specify these parts.
In horizontal axis wind turbine 5, frame 7 is installed into and can pivots at the top of pillar 6.
Not shown horizontal axis (screw shaft) is by the bearing horizontal supporting of frame 7 inside.Propeller cavitation 1 is fixed on the rear end part of horizontal axis.Reference character 7 expression bonnets.
Distal portions by generator being connected to the horizontal axis (not shown) and transmission device, break, clutch, automatic controller, velocity transducer, anemoscope and other parts are provided between horizontal axis and generator can be built up in wind-driven generator in the frame.
When being caused propeller cavitation 1 rotation by wind, the incline section 3c of propeller blade 3 receives a large amount of wind.Therefore, when the direction of wind changed, the position of propeller cavitation 1 will be proofreaied and correct very sensitively, and propeller cavitation 1 always is positioned at wind direction down.When transverse air, rudder 8 provides the quick response to wind direction.
When propeller cavitation 1 was positioned at the following wind direction of frame 7, propeller blade 3 temporarily was positioned at the back of pillar 6 in rotary course.But as shown in Figure 14, the wide incline section 3c at the centrifugal part place of propeller blade 3 is in centrifugal part in rotary course, therefore has the higher rotating speed than base portion part 3a, therefore has only very short time in pillar 6 back.
Because propeller cavitation 1 separates with pillar 6, the wind that flows around pillar 6 contacts with incline section 3c with wide wind receiving part 3b.Therefore, rotation efficiency is not had adverse effect, and the higher rotation efficiency that produces by the ability that responds the wind direction variation very sensitively has compensation effect.
Figure 15 is the embodiment's 3 of horizontal axis wind turbine a planimetric map, and Figure 16 is its front view.Same reference numerals is used to represent and these aforementioned identical parts, and no longer these parts is further specified.
In horizontal axis wind turbine 5, frame 7 is installed into and can pivots at the top of pillar 6.The center that pivots around pillar 6 is arranged in the frame 7, and 20% to 40% position of frame 7 length of as close as possible frame 7 distal portions of disembarking.
The generator (not shown) is arranged in frame 7 inside, screw shaft 4 horizontal arrangement that are connected with generator, and the rear portion of screw shaft 4 outwards is protruding to frame 7 rear portions.Storage, various types of sensor, automatic controller and other necessary mechanical component (not shown) frame 7 inside of packing into.As shown in the figure, propeller cavitation 1 is installed on the screw shaft 4.Although not shown, from wheel hub 2 back assembling bonnet.
Represent three propeller blades 3 among the figure, but be not limited to this number.Propeller blade 3 is designed so that the chord length of distal portions is partly wideer than base portion.The chord length of distal portions for example is arranged in 20% to 45% the scope of rotating diameter.
The distal portions of propeller blade 3 has the incline section 3c that is formed on wherein, and this incline section 3c turns forward 30 degree to 45 degree.
Many left side and offices, right side that upper and lower supporting blade 9 are arranged in the front surface of frame 7 with radial manner, and be arranged at the rudder on left side and the right side 8 on the distal portions of supporting blade 9, and the frame 7 of disembarking is equidistant.
In planimetric map, supporting blade 9 is designed in the plane distal portion office than narrower at the base portion place, and when when the front is seen, the thickness of the plate of distal portions is partly littler than base portion.In sectional view, anterior part is thick and reduce towards rear portion thickness.In this case, lower support blade 9 is designed to protrude more than lower surface in the upper surface front portion, and upper support blade 9 is designed to protrude more than upper surface in the lower surface front portion.Therefore, faster at the wind that flows through between the upper and lower supporting blade 9 than the wind that above the upper surface of upper and lower supporting blade 9 and lower surface, flows through.
The top part and the bottom part of rudder 8 curve inwardly.This bending is designed to the circular arc along intended distance, and rudder 8 can not enter the rotating locus of the distal surface of propeller blade 3 like this.
When wind blew shown in arrow A among Figure 15, propeller cavitation 1 did not rotate.But because the wind of being represented by arrow A contacts on rudder 8 and promotes, so frame 7 pivots around the pillar 6 as pivoting point, and propeller cavitation 1 rotation, and therefore the location is on the leeward automatically.
In Figure 15, when wind blew as shown by arrow B, propeller cavitation 1 did not rotate.But because the wind of being represented by arrow B contacts with rudder 8, the pillar 6 that frame 7 makes to pivoting point pivots, and propeller cavitation 1 is rotated therefore automatic the location on the leeward.Because the outside by this way opening of rudder 8, lines (S) become 10 degree to 17 angles of spending with respect to the vertical center line (L) of frame 7 before and after making, so rudder 8 responds the wind from any direction very sensitively.
In Figure 15, when the wind represented by arrow C when top blast comes in the past, the wind of being represented by arrow C is through the left side and the right side of rudder 8.
In the case, the wind of left side and right direction rudder 8 outside processes promotes on the outside of whole rear portions of rudders 8, but left side and right side balance well, so propeller cavitation 1 is towards wind and efficiently rotate.
When wind direction even when changing a little, change with respect to the left side of rudder 8 or the monsoon intensity on right side.Therefore, balance is broken, and frame 7 pivots by the pressure from high wind, and propeller cavitation 1 changes the orientation so that towards wind.
In Figure 15, the wind of selecting from the space between left side and the right direction rudder 8 is guided by rudder 8 and passes through.In the case, although the inlet space between relative left side and right direction rudder 8 is narrower, the outlet of broad opening is arranged, therefore air-flow will be dispersed in the rear portion inboard of rudder 8 when overflowing behind the wind direction, and air density reduces.
Air-flow is compressed in the rear portion outside of rudder 8.Therefore, the air-flow of the inside of process rudder 8 is faster than outer gas stream.A large amount of air-flows that quicken like this contact with the incline section 3c of propeller blade 3 just and help rotating speed.When the air pressure in the rear portion inboard of rudder 8 reduces, enter the area of low pressure fast from the above and below from the air-flow of other position, the wind flow speed in preset time increases, and the rotation efficiency of propeller cavitation 1 increases.
When propeller cavitation 1 is arranged in the posterior office of frame 7, along with the rotation of propeller cavitation 1, this propeller cavitation 1 be subjected on the front surface of frame 7, along the resistance of air of sense of rotation, and habitual frame 7 pivots towards the low direction of resistance.Therefore, frame 7 oppositely pivots, and points to and the anti-direction of wind facies sometimes.
But, in the present invention, because the rear portion of left side and right direction rudder 8 is inclined to as the aforementioned outwards opening, therefore the wind that is received by the front surface of rudder 8 will pivot from left side and right side restriction, therefore, the centrifugal force fluctuation that causes owing to the rotation of propeller cavitation 1 can not make frame 7 pivot.
For example, in the time of on being oriented in the rear portion that along the longitudinal direction rudder is arranged in frame 7, directly the wind that blows from the side has the direction variation effect, but when wind blows at a certain angle from the front, owing to the rotate effect of propeller cavitation makes than the direction of strong wind rear flow, thereby make rudder 8 remain on their home position, and frame 7 can not change direction sometimes.In this respect, rudder 8 of the present invention even for all high susceptibility reactions of the very little variation of wind direction, and make frame 7 pivot.
By side view as seen, propeller blade 3 is formed and makes that the plate thickness of distal portions is little, and incline section 3c is formed and makes distal portions tilt along downstream from maximum chord length part 3d.The tilt angle of incline section 3c for respect to the longitudinal center line (L) of screw shaft 4 be 10 degree to 30 degree, but preferably the tilt angle is that 15 degree are to 20 degree.But, can be set to 45 degree according to the tilt angle of chord length incline section 3c.The proximal part of incline section 3c is in maximum chord length part 3d place, and maximum chord length part 3d is arranged in the circular arc on the turning radius.Therefore, resistance when rotated is lower.
In the propeller blade shown in Figure 18 and 19 3, rotation front part 3e on the right side of the surperficial 3g of discharging more upstream tilts than the rotation rear section 3f in the left side, and the discharging of the edge section of far-end surface 3g is than the proximal part inclination more gradually of propeller blade 3.Such reason is that the upper and lower plate thickness is identical, and the chord length of base portion part is little, and the chord length of the edge section of far-end is big.
When the propeller cavitation 1 as above-mentioned setting rotated, the inclination stream (a) that is outwards promoted by incline section 3c concentrated on the rear portion towards longitudinal center line (L), as shown in Figure 22.
In Figure 22, flow (a) the closer to distal portions by the inclination that incline section 3c outwards promotes, these streams are with respect to outside promote fast more of horizontal flow (b) that is outwards promoted by vertical out-fall surface 3g.
In Figure 22, this process makes stream (a) to converge with horizontal flow (b) at a certain angle, so that apply hydrodynamic pressure to horizontal flow (b) at a certain angle.
Therefore, when these propeller blades 3 were used on the navigation propeller cavitation, the existence of the hydraulic pressure of being represented by the arrow X among Figure 22 caused horizontal flow (b) to promote propeller cavitation 1 with reaction in opposite direction, and increases thrust.
In Figure 22, because incline section 3c tilts, come the air-flow of the outside of direction shown in the free arrow A directly to introduce, and the stream (a) that tilts apply additive fluid pressure to horizontal flow (b), its size equals PQ-OP=Y because from a P to the length of putting Q greater than from an O to the length of putting P.
Obviously find out by Figure 17, because the chord length of incline section 3c increases, and incline section 3c is in centrifugal part and rotating speed and is higher than part near output shaft 4, therefore, the stream (a) that tilts at a high speed surrounds horizontal flow (b) with basic conical in shape, and is equivalent to the normal hydraulic pressure represented by arrow X.Therefore, with respect to the surface area of the diameter circle of propeller cavitation 1, the tapered side surface of the diameter circle of propeller cavitation 1 will help the thrust of propeller cavitation 1 than high surface area.
Claims (10)
1. propeller cavitation, wherein the distal portions of propeller blade tilts towards the front surface of propeller blade on specific length, and forms incline section.
2. propeller cavitation according to claim 1, wherein, the center line of the incline section of the far-end of described propeller blade tilts 25 degree to 50 degree with respect to the longitudinal direction of propeller cavitation.
3. propeller cavitation according to claim 1 and 2, wherein:
In the front surface of propeller blade, the wind receiving part of propeller cavitation is formed and makes far-end partly wideer than base portion; And
The proximal part borderline region of incline section is set to maximum chord length.
4. according to each described propeller cavitation in the claim 1 to 3, wherein, the maximum chord length of the front surface of the wind receiving part of described propeller blade be set to propeller cavitation rotating diameter 13% to 25%.
5. according to each described propeller cavitation in the claim 1 to 4, wherein, the whole wind receiving part of described propeller blade recedes with respect to the vertical line through the base portion part.
6. according to each described propeller cavitation in the claim 1 to 5, wherein:
Be formed 26% to 50% maximum chord length with propeller cavitation turning radius on the border of the proximal part of the wind receiving part medium dip of propeller blade part; And
The left side front surface of wind receiving part recedes to far-end gradually from the base portion part, and partly locates to tilt 6 degree to 15 degree with respect to sense of rotation in maximum chord length.
7. propeller cavitation that is used for fluid, wherein the distal portions of propeller blade longshore current body downstream direction in rotary course tilts, thereby forms incline section, and fluid promotes backward along the axle central direction in rotary course.
8. horizontal axis wind turbine, the distal portions that wherein is fixed on the wind receiving part of the propeller blade on the horizontal axis tilts 25 degree to 50 degree along the anterior direction of propeller blade, to form incline section.
9. horizontal axis wind turbine, its mid frame are installed on the pillar so that can pivot, and screw shaft is installed on the frame, wherein:
Rudder is installed in the left side of frame and the rear positions place on the right side symmetrically, so the rear portion of rudder is around propeller cavitation; And
The distal portions of propeller blade turns forward, thereby forms incline section.
10. horizontal axis wind turbine according to claim 9, wherein, when when the top is seen, the rear portion of described rudder is with respect to the outward-dipping anterior part greater than rudder of the anterior-posterior center line of frame.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004346440A JP4740580B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2004-11-30 | Horizontal axis wind turbine blades and horizontal axis wind turbine |
| JP346440/2004 | 2004-11-30 | ||
| JP038277/2005 | 2005-02-15 | ||
| JP072472/2005 | 2005-03-15 | ||
| JP192388/2005 | 2005-06-30 | ||
| JP268928/2005 | 2005-09-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101124401A true CN101124401A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN100578014C CN100578014C (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200580047377A Active CN100578014C (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2005-11-11 | Propeller and horizontal shaft windmill |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4740580B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100578014C (en) |
Cited By (6)
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| CN102278329A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 何仁城 | Method and device for changing pressure intensity of fluid on surface and power system using device |
| CN102748207A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-10-24 | 赵立华 | blades and impeller of vertical-shaft wind power generator |
| CN107850049A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2018-03-27 | 株式会社铃诗苑 | Catch wind horizontal axis wind turbine |
| CN107850036A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2018-03-27 | 株式会社铃诗苑 | Propeller rotor |
| CN108700027A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-10-23 | 株式会社铃诗苑 | Rotor blade |
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| JP4918664B2 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2012-04-18 | 李佳原 | Wind power generator |
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| US4324530A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1982-04-13 | United Technologies Corp. | Helicopter blade with a tip having a selected combination of sweep, taper and anhedral to improve hover efficiency |
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| DE1019631T1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2003-08-14 | Lm Glasfiber As Lunderskov | ROTOR FOR A WIND TURBINE AND THEIR WINGS |
| SI1583904T1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2013-12-31 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Rotor blade for a wind power plant |
| DE10332875B4 (en) * | 2003-07-19 | 2016-11-24 | Windreich GmbH | Rotor vane |
-
2004
- 2004-11-30 JP JP2004346440A patent/JP4740580B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-11-11 CN CN200580047377A patent/CN100578014C/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102278329A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 何仁城 | Method and device for changing pressure intensity of fluid on surface and power system using device |
| CN102748207A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-10-24 | 赵立华 | blades and impeller of vertical-shaft wind power generator |
| CN107850036A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2018-03-27 | 株式会社铃诗苑 | Propeller rotor |
| CN107850049A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2018-03-27 | 株式会社铃诗苑 | Catch wind horizontal axis wind turbine |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100578014C (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| JP2006152957A (en) | 2006-06-15 |
| JP4740580B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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