JP6622867B2 - イシゲから分離された新規化合物であるヘキサデカフロレトール及びその用途 - Google Patents
イシゲから分離された新規化合物であるヘキサデカフロレトール及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6622867B2 JP6622867B2 JP2018139945A JP2018139945A JP6622867B2 JP 6622867 B2 JP6622867 B2 JP 6622867B2 JP 2018139945 A JP2018139945 A JP 2018139945A JP 2018139945 A JP2018139945 A JP 2018139945A JP 6622867 B2 JP6622867 B2 JP 6622867B2
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- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/075—Ethers or acetals
- A61K31/085—Ethers or acetals having an ether linkage to aromatic ring nuclear carbon
- A61K31/09—Ethers or acetals having an ether linkage to aromatic ring nuclear carbon having two or more such linkages
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/02—Algae
- A61K36/03—Phaeophycota or phaeophyta (brown algae), e.g. Fucus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/257—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C43/295—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
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Description
<実施例1>HdPの分離
イシゲ抽出物からのHdPの分離は下記のように行い、その分離過程の模式図を図1に示した。
分離された前記化合物の構造を同定するために、1HNMR、13CNMRスペクトルを測定し、水素原子間及び水素と炭素原子間の相関関係を調べるための二次元(2D)NMRスペクトルでHMQC及びHMBCスペクトルを測定し、分子量を分析するためにLC−MS−MSを測定した。各結果を図3〜図5に示し、関連文献との比較検討によって、既存に報告されなかった新規化合物である式1のHdPと確認した。
<実験例1>HdPの抗糖尿活性
1.1 アルファグルコシダーゼ(α−glucosidase)阻害活性測定
アルファグルコシダーゼ阻害活性の評価はワタナベなど(Watanabe、Kawabata、Kurihara及びNiki、1997)に記述されている方法に従い、酵母酵素を使って行った。pH7.0、37℃の反応条件で基質である5mMのp−ニトロフェニルα−D−グルコピラノシド(p−nitrophenylα−D−glucopyranoside、PNP−G)と、100mMのリン酸緩衝液(phosphate buffer)で希釈された32mU/ml酵素液(yeast α−glucosidase、Sigma)を反応させ、分光偏光計(spectrophotometer)を用いて阻害活性を測定した。試料をPNP−Gと5分間反応させることで、PNP−Gの加水分解によって放出される4−ニトロフェノール(4−nitrophenol)の吸光度を405nmで測定した。その後、同量の基質溶液を添加した後、室温で5分間さらに反応させた後、0.5MのNa2CO3を加えて反応を中止させ、吸光度を測定して吸光度の変化量を確認した。
1.2.1 C2C12細胞培養及び分化
マウス由来の根源細胞であるC2C12細胞(ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA)は10%FBSと抗生剤が含まれたDMEM(Dulbeccos Modified Eagle’s Media)培地に懸濁し、37℃、5%CO2の条件で培養器で培養した。細胞密度が80%となれば、C2C12細胞を2%ウマ血清(horse serum)と低濃度グルコースが含まれたDMEM培地で5日間分化させ、培地は3日ごとに取り替えた。分化した細胞は低濃度のグルコースが含まれた無血清DMEM培地で12時間の間に血清飢餓状態(starvation)で維持させ、PBS溶液で洗浄した後、低濃度のグルコースが含まれた新しい無血清DMEM培地で24時間の間に試料(HdP)と反応させた。
マウス由来のC2C12根源細胞の糖吸収測定は2−NBDG((2−(N−(7−Nitrobenz−2oxa−1,3−diazol−4−yl)Amino)−2−Deoxyglucose)分析法(Cell Death Dis. 2017 Oct 5.8(10):e3078)を用いてフローサイトメトリ(FACS)で測定した。前記培養された細胞を10μM濃度の2−NBDGとともに37℃で24時間反応させた後、BD FACS CantoII(BD Biosciences,NJ,USA)で分析し、2−NBDGの蛍光はFITCチャネルで検出した。
成体ゼブラフィッシュ(Zebrafish)は市中(ゼジュアクアリウム、ゼジュド、大韓民国)で購入して実験に使い、28.5±1℃の温度及び14/10時間の明暗周期条件の3.5Lアクリルタンクで管理し、1日2回食餌(Tetra GmgH D−49304 Melle, ドイツ産)を給与した。ゼブラフィッシュ実験はチェジュ大学校の動物実験倫理委員会の承認の下で行った。
受精後4時間が経過した胚芽(n=15)に胚芽培地(60ppmの塩を含む蒸溜水)950μlとHdP(0.01、0.1、1、及び10μg/ml)50μlが含有された12ウェルプレートの各ウェルに移し、受精後168時間の間にHdPに露出されたゼブラフィッシュ胚芽の生存率を測定した。
野生型成体ゼブラフィッシュを2mg/mlのアロキサン(alloxan)に1時間反応させた後、インシュリンがない状態で1%グルコースに1時間反応させた。その後、反応溶液を水に取り替え、1時間反応させた後、HdP、メットホルミン(Metformin)、BAPTA−AMを90分間処理した。実験群は、無処理群、アロキサン処理群(control)、アロキサンとHdP(0.3μg/g体重)処理群、アロキサンとメットホルミン(5μg/g体重)処理群、アロキサンとBAPTA−AM(3μg/g体重)処理群、及びアロキサンとBAPTA−AM(3μg/g体重)そしてHdP(0.3μg/g体重)処理群で構成した。
2.1 アルファグルコシダーゼ(α−glucosidase)阻害活性測定結果
結果として、アルファグルコシダーゼ活性を50%抑制するのに必要な試料の濃度(IC50)を下記の表1に示した。
分化したC2C12細胞において、HdPによるグルコース吸収能を測定し、その結果を図7に示した。FACSは細胞の不均質混合物から多数の蛍光が付着された細胞を単離する装置である。蛍光が標識されたグルコース類似体(analogues)である2−NBDGと反応させたC2C12細胞においてFITCフィルターによって2−NBDGの検出が多くなるほど蛍光強度は強くなり、グラフは右側に動くことになる。よって、図6を参照すると、HdPを24時間処理した、分化したC2C12細胞内へのグルコース吸収がHdPの処理濃度に依存的に有意に増加することが分かる。これは、HdPが血中グルコース濃度を低めることができることを示す結果であると言える。分化したC2C12細胞内へのグルコース吸収はグルコースの血中濃度減少の指標と知られている(Diabetes 30 (1981) 1000−1007; Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 420 (2012) 576−581; Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 7 (2006) 85−96; Eur. J. Cell Biol. 87 (2008) 337−351)。
毒性がないHdPの濃度を確認するために、ゼブラフィッシュ胚芽を介して生存率を評価した結果、図7に示すように、1μg/ml以下で約90%以上の生存率を示した。
HdPが動物モデルの血糖を調節するかを確認するために、アロキサン(alloxan)処理によってインシュリン分泌が減少した成体ゼブラフィッシュにグルコースを注入してHdPによる血液内グルコースの変化を観察した。
1. 実験方法
1.1 ゼブラフィッシュの準備
成体ゼブラフィッシュ(Zebrafish)は市中(ゼジュアクアリウム、チェジュド、大韓民国)で購入して実験に使い、28.5±1℃の温度及び14/10時間の明暗周期条件の3.5Lアクリルタンクで管理し、1日2回食餌(Tetra GmgH D−49304 Melle,ドイツ産)を給与した。実験はチェジュ大学校の動物実験倫理委員会の承認の下で行った。
ゼブラフィッシュ胚芽の細胞内カルシウム濃度測定は、カルシウム敏感性Fluo4プローブを用いて行った。ゼブラフィッシュ胚芽をFluo4と28.5±1℃の温度で30分間反応させた後、HdP(0.6、3、及び6μg/ml)を処理した。カルシウムの細胞内進入を抑制するために、カルシウムキレート剤であるBAPTA−AM 0.1mMを処理するときは、fluo4を処理する前、1時間の間に予め反応させた。実験群は、無処理群(N)、Fluo4単独処理群(F)、HdP単独処理群(0.6、3、及び6μg/ml)、Fluo4とHdP処理群(0.6、3、及び6μg/ml)、Fluo4とBAPTA−AM及びHdp処理群(6μg/ml)で構成した。
野生型成体ゼブラフィッシュを2mg/mlのアロキサン(alloxan)に1時間反応させた後、インシュリンがない状態で1%グルコースに1時間反応させた。その後、反応溶液を水に取り替え、1時間反応させた後、HdP、メットホルミン(Metformin)、BAPTA−AMを90分間処理した。実験群は、無処理群、アロキサン処理群(control)、アロキサンとHdP(0.3μg/g体重)処理群、アロキサンとメットホルミン(5μg/g体重)処理群、アロキサンとBAPTA−AM(3μg/g体重)処理群、及びアロキサンとBAPTA−AM(3μg/g体重)、及びHdP(0.3μg/g体重)処理群で構成した。
2.1 ゼブラフィッシュのHdPによる細胞内カルシウム濃度変化測定結果
HdPによるゼブラフィッシュ胚芽細胞内カルシウムの変化をfluo4で観察した結果を図9に示した。図9を参照して見ると、無処理群(N)と比較したとき、Fluo4処理群(F)は腹部周囲で有意的な違いがあることを確認したが、HdPのみを処理した実験群は無処理群(N)又はFluo4処理群(F)と比較して特別な変化が現されなかった(図9、左側)。これはHdPによる蛍光変化がないことを意味する。そして、HdPとfluo4を一緒に処理した実験群はFluo4処理群(F)と比較して蛍光の有意的な増加が観察されることによって、細胞内Ca2+濃度がHdP処理によって増加したことが分かり、またカルシウムキレート剤であるBAPTA−AMをHdPとともに処理した場合は、細胞内へのCa2+流入が抑制されることによって蛍光が減少したことを確認することができる(図9、右側)。
HdPが、細胞内Ca2+濃度上昇によって、筋収縮などに必要なグルコース吸収を誘導するかを確認するために、アロキサン処理によってインシュリン分泌が減少したゼブラフィッシュ成体にグルコースを注入して、HdPによる筋肉内へのグルコース流入誘導結果を血中濃度で確認した結果を図10に示した。エネルギー源であるグルコースの血中濃度の減少は筋肉などの組職へのブドウ糖流入が指標として知られている(Diabetes 30 (1981) 1000−1007; Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 420 (2012) 576−581; Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 7 (2006) 85−96; Eur. J. Cell Biol. 87 (2008) 337−351)。
Claims (4)
- 下記の式1の化合物、その水和物又はその溶媒和物。
- 下記の式1の化合物、その水和物又はその溶媒和物を有効成分として含む、抗糖尿用組成物。
- 前記組成物は食品組成物であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の抗糖尿用組成物。
- 前記組成物は薬剤学的組成物であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の抗糖尿用組成物。
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