JP6620972B2 - Heating plate, vehicle and building window - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat generating plate having a heat generating conductor, and a vehicle or building window having the heat generating plate.

  Conventionally, a heat generating plate that generates heat when a voltage is applied is known. As a typical application example, a heat generating plate configured to be transparent is used as a defroster device or a heater. A heat generating plate as a defroster device is used as a window glass of a vehicle front window (windshield) or a rear window. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a heat generating plate having transparency is used as a window glass. This heat generating plate has a heat generating conductor made of a tungsten wire or the like arranged over the whole. In this heat generating plate, when the heat generating conductor is energized, the heat generating conductor is heated by the resistance heating. By raising the temperature of the window glass made of a heat generating plate, fogging of the window glass can be removed, or snow and ice attached to the window glass can be melted to ensure transparency through the window glass.

JP 2013-173402 A JP-A-8-72674

  In the conventional heat generating plate, the transparent support that supports the heat generating conductor is made of glass. However, since the weight density of glass is large, the heat generating plate is heavy. Moreover, the heat generating conductor has been produced by arranging tungsten wiring on the glass of the heat generating plate for each heat generating plate. That is, since the heat generating conductor is formed for each heat generating plate, the heat generating conductor is expensive.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and lightweight heat generating plate.

The heating plate of the present invention is
A heating plate that generates heat when a voltage is applied,
A transparent resin substrate;
A sheet with a conductor laminated on the transparent resin substrate,
The sheet with a conductor includes a transparent resin sheet made of a polyester resin, and a heat generating conductor having a copper fine wire provided on the transparent resin sheet.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, the conductor-attached sheet may be laminated on the transparent resin substrate such that the transparent resin sheet side faces the transparent resin substrate.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, the sheet with a conductor may be laminated on the transparent resin substrate such that a side on which the heat generating conductor is provided faces the transparent resin substrate.

  The heat generating plate according to the present invention may further include a coating layer that covers the sheet with the conductor from the side opposite to the transparent resin substrate.

  The heat generating plate according to the present invention may further include a primer layer provided between the sheet with the conductor and the coating layer.

  The heat generating plate according to the present invention may further include a coating layer that covers the transparent resin substrate from a side opposite to the sheet with the conductor.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, the coating layer may form one surface of the heat generating plate.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, at least one of the transparent resin substrate and the transparent resin sheet may have an ultraviolet absorber dispersed therein.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, the coating layer may include an ultraviolet absorber dispersed therein.

  In the heat generating plate according to the present invention, the moisture permeability of the coating layer may be lower than the moisture permeability of the transparent resin sheet.

  The vehicle according to the present invention includes any of the heat generating plates according to the present invention described above.

  The building window according to the present invention includes any of the heat generating plates according to the present invention described above.

  According to the present invention, the manufacturing cost of the heat generating plate can be reduced, and the heat generating plate can be reduced in weight.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment according to the present invention, and is a perspective view schematically showing a vehicle provided with a heat generating plate. In particular, FIG. 1 schematically shows an automobile having a rear window formed of a heat generating plate as an example of a vehicle. FIG. 2 is a view showing the heat generating plate from the normal direction of the plate surface. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the heat generating plate taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the conductor-attached sheet from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing an example of the arrangement of the heat-generating conductors. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the conductor-attached sheet from the normal direction of the sheet surface, and is a plan view showing another example of the arrangement of the heat-generating conductors. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example of a method of manufacturing a heat generating plate. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating plate showing a modification of the heat generating plate. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating plate showing another modification of the heat generating plate. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating plate showing still another modification of the heat generating plate.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, for the sake of illustration and ease of understanding, the scale, the vertical / horizontal dimension ratio, and the like are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual product.

  In this specification, the “sheet surface (plate surface, film surface)” is a target sheet when the target sheet-shaped (plate-shaped, film-shaped) member is viewed as a whole and globally. It refers to the surface that coincides with the planar direction of the plate-like member (plate-like member, film-like member). Moreover, the normal direction with respect to a sheet-like (film shape, plate-shaped) member means the normal direction to the sheet surface (film surface, plate surface) of the sheet-like (film shape, plate-like) member. Point to.

  In addition, as used in this specification, the shape and geometric conditions and the degree thereof are specified, for example, terms such as “parallel”, “orthogonal”, “identical”, length and angle values, etc. are strictly Without being bound by meaning, it should be interpreted including the extent to which similar functions can be expected.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 15 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment and its modifications according to the present invention. Of these, FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an automobile equipped with a heat generating plate, FIG. 2 is a view of the heat generating plate viewed from the normal direction of the plate surface, and FIG. 3 is a heat generating of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of a board.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an automobile 1 as an example of a vehicle has window glasses such as a front window, a rear window, and a side window. Here, an example in which the rear window 5 is configured by a heat generating plate 10 having transparency is described. The automobile 1 has a power source 7 such as a battery.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heat generating plate 10 in the present embodiment has a transparent resin substrate 11 and a sheet 20 with a conductor laminated on the transparent resin substrate 11. Between the transparent resin substrate 11 and the sheet 20 with a conductor, a primer layer (easy adhesion layer) for ensuring adhesion may be provided. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat generating plate 10, the transparent resin substrate 11, and the conductor-attached sheet 20 are curved. However, in other drawings, the heat generating plate 10 and the transparent plate are transparent for easy understanding. The resin substrate 11 and the conductor-attached sheet 20 are illustrated in a flat plate shape. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 of the conductor-attached sheet 20 form the surface of the heat generating plate 10.

  The conductor-attached sheet 20 includes a transparent resin sheet 21, a heat generating conductor 30 provided on the surface of the transparent resin sheet 21 and including a copper thin wire 31, and a pair of bus bars 25 for energizing the heat generating conductor 30. And having.

  As well shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat generating plate 10 has a wiring portion 15 for energizing the heat generating conductor 30. In the illustrated example, a power source 7 such as a battery mounted on the automobile 1 is energized from the wiring portion 15 to the heat generating conductor 30 via the bus bar 25 of the conductor-equipped sheet 20, and the heat generating conductor 30 is resisted. Generate heat by heating. The heat generated in the heat generating conductor 30 is transmitted to the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21, and the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 are warmed. Thereby, the cloudiness by the condensation adhering to the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 can be removed. Moreover, when snow and ice adhere to the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21, the snow and ice can be melted, and the visibility through the heat generating plate is ensured satisfactorily.

  Note that “transparent” used for the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 and the like means that the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 are passed through the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 from one side to the other. It means that it has transparency to the side that can be seen through, for example, it has a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more. Visible light transmittance is the average of transmittance at each wavelength when measured within a measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JISK0115 compliant product). Specified as a value.

  Further, in the present specification, the terms “plate”, “sheet”, and “film” are not distinguished from each other only based on the difference in names. For example, a “sheet with a conductor” is a concept including a member that can be called a plate or a film. Therefore, a “sheet with a conductor” is a “plate with a conductor” or a “film with a conductor”. It cannot be distinguished only by the difference between the called member and the name.

  Hereinafter, each component of the heat generating plate 10 will be described.

  First, the transparent resin substrate 11 will be described. When the transparent resin substrate 11 is used for a rear window of an automobile as in the example shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to use a substrate having a high visible light transmittance so as not to disturb the sight of the passenger. Various materials can be selected as the material of the transparent resin substrate 11, for example, polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polybutyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate-butyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, methyl An acrylic resin such as a (meth) acrylate-styrene copolymer can be exemplified. Here, the term “(meth) acrylate” means acrylate or methacrylate. Acrylic resin is suitable for the heat generating plate 10, particularly the heat generating plate 10 used for the rear window, in that it has high durability. The visible light transmittance of the transparent resin substrate 11 is preferably 90% or more. However, the visible light transmittance of this part may be lowered by coloring a part or the whole of the transparent resin substrate 11. In this case, by blocking direct sunlight, it is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature inside the vehicle during clear weather in summer, or to make it difficult to visually recognize the inside of the vehicle from outside the vehicle.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the transparent resin substrate 11 has a thickness of 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less. With such a thickness, the transparent resin substrate 11 having excellent strength and optical characteristics can be obtained.

  Next, the sheet with conductor 20 will be described. The conductor-attached sheet 20 includes a transparent resin sheet 21, a heat generating conductor 30 provided on the surface of the transparent resin sheet 21 and including a copper thin wire 31, and a pair of bus bars 25 for energizing the heat generating conductor 30. And having. The pair of bus bars 25 function as current collecting electrodes, and the heating conductor 30 connects the pair of bus bars 25. The heat generating conductor 30 has a high resistance value and generates heat by resistance heating. The conductor-attached sheet 20 has substantially the same planar dimensions as the transparent resin substrate 11 and may be disposed over the entire heat generating plate 10 or may be disposed only on a part of the heat generating plate 10.

  The transparent resin sheet 21 functions as a base material that supports the heat generating conductor 30. The transparent resin sheet 21 is a transparent and electrically insulating film that generally transmits wavelengths in the visible light wavelength band (380 nm to 780 nm). The transparent resin sheet 21 may be made of any material as long as it is a resin that transmits visible light and can appropriately support the heat-generating conductor 30. For example, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, ethylene -Polyester resins, such as a terephthalate-isophthalate copolymer, can be mentioned. In addition, the transparent resin sheet 21 preferably has a thickness of 0.03 mm or more and 0.15 mm or less in consideration of light transmittance, appropriate supportability of the heat generating conductor 30, and the like.

  Next, the heat generating conductor 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 and 5 are both plan views of the conductor-attached sheet 20 as viewed from the normal direction of the sheet surface, the heating conductors have different patterns.

  The heat generating conductor 30 connects the pair of bus bars 25. The heat generating conductor 30 has a copper thin wire 31 disposed between the pair of bus bars 25. In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the heat generating conductor 30 is formed as an aggregate of copper thin wires 31. The copper thin wire 31 is energized from the power source 7 such as a battery through the wiring portion 15 and the bus bar 25 and generates heat by resistance heating. And when this heat is transmitted to the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21, the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 are warmed.

  The copper thin wires 31 can be arranged in various patterns. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the heating conductor 30 is formed by arranging copper fine wires 31 in a mesh pattern that defines a large number of openings 33. The heat generating conductor 30 includes a plurality of connecting elements 34 that extend between two branch points 32 and define an opening 33. That is, the thin copper wire 31 of the heat generating conductor 30 is configured as a collection of a large number of connection elements 34 that form branch points 32 at both ends.

  On the other hand, as in the example shown in FIG. 5, the heat generating conductor 30 may be composed of a plurality of thin copper wires 31 connecting the pair of bus bars 25. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of thin copper wires 31 extend from one bus bar 25 to the other bus bar 25 in a regular structure. The plurality of thin copper wires 31 are arranged away from each other in a direction non-parallel to the extending direction of the thin copper wires 31. In particular, the plurality of copper thin wires 31 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the copper thin wires 31. Thereby, a gap 35 is formed between two adjacent copper thin wires 31.

  The arrangement pattern of the copper thin wires 31 is not limited to the patterns shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above, and may be an irregular mesh pattern such as a Voronoi mesh, a straight line, a broken line, an irregular curve, or a combination of these patterns.

  The heat generating conductor 30 can be formed using copper as described above. On the other hand, the ratio of the area on the transparent resin sheet 21 that is not covered with the heat generating conductor 30, that is, the non-coverage ratio (also referred to as the aperture ratio in the example of FIG. 4 to be described later) is about 70% to 98% It is high. Moreover, the line width of the copper fine wire 31 is about 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less. Therefore, the region where the heat generating conductor 30 is provided is grasped transparently as a whole, and the presence of the heat generating conductor 30 does not impair the transparency of the heat generating plate 10.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the thin copper wire 31 has a rectangular cross section as a whole. The width W of the copper thin wire 31, that is, the width W along the plate surface of the heating plate 10 is 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less, and the height (thickness) H, that is, along the normal direction to the plate surface of the heating plate 10. The height (thickness) H is preferably 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less. According to the copper fine wire 31 having such a dimension, since the copper fine wire 31 is sufficiently thinned, the heat generating conductor 30 can be effectively invisible.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the copper fine wire 31 includes a first dark color layer 37 and a conductive layer 36 that cover the surface of the conductive layer 36 and the conductive layer 36 on the side facing the transparent resin sheet 21. A second dark color layer 38 that covers a surface other than the surface facing the transparent resin sheet 21 may be included. The conductive layer 36 made of copper exhibits excellent conductivity while exhibiting a relatively high reflectance. And if light is reflected by the conductive layer 36 forming the copper thin wire 31 of the heat generating conductor 30, the reflected light may be visually recognized, which may be hindered. Moreover, when the conductive layer 36 is visually recognized from the outside, the design of the heat generating plate 10 may be deteriorated. Therefore, the first and second dark color layers 37 and 38 cover at least a part of the surface of the conductive layer 36. The first and second dark color layers 37, 38 may be layers having a visible light reflectance lower than that of the conductive layer 36, and are dark color layers such as black, for example. The dark color layers 37 and 38 make it difficult for the conductive layer 36 to be visually recognized, so that the occupant's field of view can be secured well. Moreover, the designability of the heat generating plate 10 can be prevented from being lowered.

  As described above, from the viewpoint of ensuring the transparency of the heating plate 10 or the visibility through the heating plate 10, the copper fine wire 31 of the heating conductor 30 is a transparent resin sheet so that the non-coverage ratio is increased. 21 is formed. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the transparent resin substrate 11 and the transparent resin sheet 21 of the conductor-attached sheet 20 are in contact with each other through an uncovered portion of the copper fine wire 31, that is, a region between adjacent copper fine wires 31. are doing. That is, in the illustrated example, the heat generating conductor 30 is embedded in the transparent resin substrate 11.

  Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the heat generating plate 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6-12 is sectional drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the heat generating plate 10 in order.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6, a dark color film 37 a for forming the first dark color layer 37 is provided on the copper foil film 36 a for forming the conductive layer 36. The copper foil film 36a can be formed by a known method. For example, a plating method including electrolytic plating and electroless plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a method in which two or more of these are combined can be employed. Further, the dark color film 37a is formed on the copper foil film 36a by, for example, a plating method including electrolytic plating and electroless plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a combination of these two or more. Can be provided. Various known materials can be used as the material of the dark color film 37a. For example, copper nitride, copper oxide, nickel nitride and the like can be exemplified.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the transparent resin sheet 21 is provided on the dark color film 37a. At this time, a bonding layer using an adhesive or an adhesive may be provided between the transparent resin sheet 21 and the dark color film 37a. The transparent resin sheet 21 may be made of any material as long as it can appropriately hold the heat generating conductor 30, and examples thereof include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate that have been biaxially stretched. be able to. In consideration of the retainability of the heat generating conductor 30, it is preferable to use a thickness of the transparent resin sheet 21 of 30 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a resist pattern 39 is provided on the copper foil film 36a. The resist pattern 39 has a shape corresponding to the heat generating conductor 30 to be formed. In the method described here, the resist pattern 39 is provided only on the portion finally forming the heat generating conductor 30. The resist pattern 39 can be formed by patterning using a known photolithography technique. For example, when proximity exposure using a photomask is used, a negative photoresist may be used to provide a shielding pattern for the heat generating conductor 30 on the photomask.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the copper foil film 36a and the dark color film 37a are etched using the resist pattern 39 as a mask. By this etching, the copper foil film 36 a and the dark color film 37 a are patterned into a pattern substantially the same as the resist pattern 39. As a result, the conductive layer 36 that forms part of the copper thin wire 31 is formed from the patterned copper foil film 36a. Further, a first dark color layer 37 that forms a part of the thin copper wire 31 is formed from the patterned dark color film 37a.

  The etching method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be employed. Known methods include, for example, wet etching using an etchant such as ferric chloride aqueous solution and dry etching such as plasma etching. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the resist pattern 39 is removed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the second dark color layer 38 is formed on the surface 31a and the side surfaces 31c, 31d opposite to the surface 31b on which the first dark color layer 37 of the conductive layer 36 is provided. For example, the second dark color layer 38 is subjected to a darkening process (blackening process) on a part of the material forming the conductive layer 36, and the second dark color layer 38 is formed of a second layer made of copper oxide or copper sulfide. A dark color layer 38 can be formed. Further, a second dark color layer 38 may be provided on the surface of the conductive layer 36, such as a coating film of a dark color material or a plating layer of nickel or chromium. Further, the surface of the conductive layer 36 may be roughened to provide the second dark color layer 38. Through the above-described steps, the conductor-attached sheet 20 is created.

  As described above, the heat generating conductor 30 is formed on the transparent resin sheet 21 separate from the transparent resin substrate 11. The transparent resin sheet 21 does not have to have a thickness that gives rigidity to the heat generating plate 10 like the transparent resin substrate 11. That is, the transparent resin sheet 21 only needs to have an appropriate thickness as a support material for producing the heat generating conductor 30. Therefore, a large number of heat generating conductors 30 that are included in different heat generating plates 10 can be continuously formed on the long transparent resin sheet 21. For this reason, compared with the conventional product which produced the heat generating conductor for each heat generating plate, the heat generating conductor 30 can be manufactured at a very low cost. In addition, in the manufacturing method described above, a part of the pair of bus bars 25 and the wiring portion 15 can be formed in parallel with the heating conductor 30 using the same material as the heating conductor 30. . According to such a manufacturing method, the sheet | seat 20 with an electric conductor and the heat generating plate 10 as a result can be manufactured cheaply. Further, a part of the pair of bus bars 25 and the wiring portion 15 can be formed integrally with the heat generating conductor 30 by using the same material as the heat generating conductor 30. According to this example, the electrical connection from the heat generating conductor 30 to the wiring portion 15 via the bus bar 25 can be more stably ensured.

  Next, the transparent resin substrate 11 is laminated on the transparent resin sheet 21 side of the conductor-attached sheet 20. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the transparent resin substrate 11 is produced by injection molding, and the transparent resin substrate 11 is bonded to the transparent resin sheet 21. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the sheet with conductor 20 is arranged in the cavity 41 a of the injection molding die 41. At this time, the conductor-attached sheet 20 is disposed so that the heat-generating conductor 30 faces the cavity 41a. Next, an acrylic resin that has fluidity by heating is injected into the cavity 41a of the mold 41. The resin and the mold 41 are cooled and solidified on the sheet 20 with the conductor, whereby the transparent resin substrate 11 bonded to the transparent resin sheet 21 is obtained. When producing the transparent resin substrate 11 by injection molding, the curved heat generating plate 10 can be manufactured inexpensively and easily.

  In addition, you may provide the primer layer for ensuring easy-adhesiveness in the surface at the side in which the conductor 30 for a heat | fever of the sheet | seat 20 with a conductor is provided. According to such a primer layer, the adhesiveness between the conductor-attached sheet 20 and the transparent resin substrate 11 can be improved.

  As described above, the heat generating plate 10 according to the present embodiment is a heat generating plate that generates heat when a voltage is applied, and includes the transparent resin substrate 11, the sheet 20 with a conductor laminated on the transparent resin substrate 11, The conductor-attached sheet 20 includes a transparent resin sheet 21 made of a polyester resin, and a heat generating conductor 30 having a copper fine wire 31 provided on the transparent resin sheet 21. Since such a heat generating plate 10 uses the transparent resin substrate 11, it is not necessary to use glass having a large weight density as a support base material for the heat generating conductor 30. Therefore, significant weight reduction of the heat generating plate 10 can be realized. The conductor-attached sheet 20 includes a transparent resin sheet 21 that functions as a support material for the heat generating conductor 30 together with the heat generating conductor 30. Unlike the conventional heat generating plate, such a sheet with a conductor 20 is easily and rapidly manufactured by the above-described photolithography technique, typically in a roll-to-role manner. be able to. Therefore, unlike the conventional heat generating plate 10, a plurality of heat generating conductors 30 can be manufactured continuously and efficiently, and the heat generating conductors 30 can be manufactured at low cost. That is, it is possible to stably manufacture a heat generating plate that has been reduced in weight at a low cost.

  Various changes can be made to the above-described embodiment. Hereinafter, modified examples will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In the following description and the drawings used in the following description, for parts that can be configured in the same manner as the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals as those used for the corresponding parts in the above-described embodiment are used. A duplicate description is omitted.

  First, the heat generating plate 10 includes at least a coating layer 12 that covers the conductor-attached sheet 20 from the side opposite to the transparent resin substrate 11, and a coating layer 13 that covers the transparent resin substrate 11 from the side opposite to the conductor-attached sheet 20. You may have one. In the modification shown in FIG. 13, the heating plate 10 includes a transparent covering layer 13 that covers the sheet 20 with the conductor from the side opposite to the transparent resin substrate 11, and the transparent resin substrate 11 opposite to the sheet 20 with the conductor. It has both of the transparent coating layers 12 covering from the side. Each of these coating layers forms one surface (outermost surface) of the heat generating plate 10. These coating layers may function as a hard coat (HC) layer having scratch resistance, and may protect the transparent resin substrate 11 and the sheet with conductor 20 from scratches from the outside. According to these coating layers 11 and 12, durability of the heat generating plate 10 can be improved. Such a coating layer can be produced using a known acrylic ultraviolet curable resin. That is, by applying and drying a composition containing a monomer, a prepolymer, or both of an acrylic ultraviolet curable resin and a photopolymerization initiator on the transparent resin substrate 11 or the sheet 20 with a conductor. A coating layer that functions as a hard coat (HC) layer can be formed by forming a coating film and then irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the coating film by crosslinking or polymerization reaction.

  In the embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 3, the sheet with conductor 20 has the transparent resin substrate 11 such that the side on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided faces the transparent resin substrate 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 14, the sheet with conductor 20 may be laminated on the transparent resin substrate 11 so that the opposite side of the side on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided faces the transparent resin substrate 11. In this example, the heat generating conductor 30 is exposed to the outside. Therefore, there is a high risk that the heat-generating conductor 30 is disconnected by an external impact or the like, or the copper thin wire 31 is rusted by moisture in the air and the function is deteriorated. Therefore, in this modification, it is preferable to provide the covering layer shown in the above-described modification at least on the side of the heat generating conductor 30. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the coating layer 12 that covers the sheet 20 with the conductor from the side opposite to the transparent resin substrate 11, and the coating layer 13 that covers the transparent resin substrate 11 from the side opposite to the sheet 20 with conductor. Are provided.

  When the covering layer is provided on the heat generating plate 10 so as to be covered from the opposite side of the transparent resin substrate 11 of the sheet with conductor 20, a primer layer may be provided between the sheet with conductor 20 and the covering layer 12. By providing a primer layer between the sheet with conductor 20 and the covering layer 12, the adhesion between the covering layer 12 and the sheet with conductor 20 can be secured.

  Further, at least one layer of the heat generating plate 10 may have an ultraviolet absorbent dispersed therein. Since the layer having the ultraviolet absorber absorbs ultraviolet rays, the amount of ultraviolet rays incident from the outside is reduced inside the layer. Therefore, deterioration due to ultraviolet rays, such as yellowing, can be prevented in a layer inside the layer having the ultraviolet absorber. That is, the light resistance of the heat generating plate 10 can be improved. Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazole compounds and benzophenone compounds. In the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber, the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 mass%.

  In addition, when the heating plate 10 is provided with a coating layer, the moisture permeability of the coating layer may be lower than the moisture permeability of the transparent resin sheet 21. According to the low moisture permeability coating layer, it is possible to effectively prevent water vapor from reaching the copper fine wire 31. Thereby, the deterioration by the rust of the copper fine wire 31 can be prevented. The moisture permeability can be measured by a method defined in JISZ0208.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the heat generating plate 10 is formed in a curved shape has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the heat generating plate 10 may be formed in a shape corresponding to the application such as a flat plate shape. .

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which an acrylic resin is used as the material of the transparent resin substrate 11 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and a polyolefin resin, a polycarbonate resin, a vinyl chloride resin, or the like may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the lamination of the transparent resin substrate 11 and the sheet with conductor 20 is performed by placing the sheet with conductor 20 in advance in the mold cavity 41a for molding the transparent resin substrate 11. In the illustrated embodiment, the resin melt constituting the transparent resin substrate 11 is injected and filled in the cavity, and the transparent resin substrate 11 and the conductor-attached sheet 20 are laminated and integrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. A molded transparent resin substrate 11 may be prepared, and the conductor-attached sheet 20 may be adhered to one surface of the transparent resin substrate 11 via an adhesive layer so as to be laminated and integrated.

  The heat generating plate 10 may be used for a front window, a side window, or a sunroof of the automobile 1. Moreover, you may use for the windows or transparent doors of vehicles other than a motor vehicle, such as a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, and a spacecraft.

  Furthermore, the heat generating plate 10 can be used as a building window such as a building or a store, a window of a house, a transparent door, or the like, in addition to a vehicle, in particular, a section that separates the room from the outside.

  In addition, although several modifications with respect to embodiment mentioned above were demonstrated above, naturally, it is also possible to apply combining several modifications suitably.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 5 Rear window 7 Power supply 10 Heat generating plate 11 Transparent resin substrate 12 Covering layer 13 Covering layer 15 Wiring part 20 Sheet with conductor 21 Transparent resin sheet 25 Bus bar 30 Heating conductor 31 Copper fine wire 32 Branch point 33 Opening 34 Connection element 35 Gap 36 Conductive layer 37 First dark color layer 38 Second dark color layer 39 Resist pattern

Claims (11)

A heating plate that generates heat when a voltage is applied,
A transparent resin substrate;
A sheet with a conductor laminated on the transparent resin substrate,
The conductor with sheets possess a transparent resin sheet made of a polyester resin, a heat generating electrical conductor having a fine copper wire provided on the transparent resin sheet, and
The sheet with the conductor is laminated on the transparent resin substrate so that the transparent resin sheet side faces the transparent resin substrate,
The transparent resin substrate and the conductor-attached sheet form the surface of the heat generating plate,
The heat generating conductor is a heat generating plate exposed to the outside .   A heating plate that generates heat when a voltage is applied,
  A transparent resin substrate;
  A sheet with a conductor laminated on the transparent resin substrate;
  A covering layer covering at least one of the transparent resin substrate and the sheet with the conductor, and
  The sheet with a conductor has a transparent resin sheet made of a polyester resin, and a heat generating conductor having a copper fine wire provided on the transparent resin sheet,
  The coating layer forms the surface of the heating plate,
  The heat generation plate, wherein the moisture permeability of the coating layer is lower than the moisture permeability of the transparent resin sheet. The heat generating plate according to claim 2 , wherein the sheet with a conductor is laminated on the transparent resin substrate such that the transparent resin sheet side faces the transparent resin substrate. The heat generating plate according to claim 2 , wherein the sheet with the conductor is laminated on the transparent resin substrate such that a side on which the heat generating conductor is provided faces the transparent resin substrate. The said coating layer is a heat generating board as described in any one of Claims 2-4 which covers the said sheet | seat with an electroconductive body from the opposite side to the said transparent resin substrate. The heat generating plate according to claim 5 , further comprising a primer layer provided between the sheet with a conductor and the coating layer. The coating layer, the cover from the side opposite to the transparent resin substrate and the conductor with sheets, heating plate according to any one of claims 2-6. The heating plate according to any one of claims 2 to 7 , wherein the coating layer has an ultraviolet absorber dispersed therein. The heating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein at least one of the transparent resin substrate and the transparent resin sheet has an ultraviolet absorber dispersed therein. A vehicle comprising the heat generating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9 . Claim 1-9 or by exothermic plate buildings windows equipped according to one of.

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