JP6597574B2 - Transparent heating plate, vehicle and building windows - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat generating plate provided with a heat generating conductor, and a vehicle and a building window including such a heat generating plate.

  As a heater or defroster, a heat generating plate having a heat generating conductor is used. For example, a vehicle using a transparent heat-generating plate for a front window (windshield) or a rear window is known, and by generating heat from a heat-generating conductor, frosting, icing and Prevents condensation and ensures good visibility.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle antifogging window that is heated entirely by an electric heater installed between transparent substrates. Patent Document 2 discloses an electrothermal window glass in which the effect of melting ice, frost and defogging is obtained by the heat generated by a resistance heating wire provided between two sheet glasses.

JP 2013-173402 A JP-A-8-72674

  In the above-described heat generating plate suitable for a heater or a defroster, fine wire-like heat generating conductors (hereinafter also referred to as “conductive thin wires”) are regularly arranged between the plates. For example, in the antifogging window for a vehicle disclosed in Patent Document 1, a plurality of wavy conductive wires are printed with the same arrangement pattern. Moreover, in the electrothermal window glass of patent document 2, the several resistance heating wire of a sine wave shape is arrange | positioned in parallel mutually.

  When light emitted from a light source such as an illumination (particularly a point light source) is viewed through a transparent heating plate having such a large number of thin conductive wires, the light source radiates from the center toward the periphery. In other words, a so-called “light beam” is emitted so as to be observed as light elongated in a stripe shape. The light beam affects the visibility. For example, when a light beam occurs in the light observed by the driver through the vehicle window, the driver's field of view may be disturbed by the light beam. Therefore, from the viewpoint of securing a good field of view, it is preferable to suppress the occurrence of light glare as much as possible.

  As a result of diligent research, the present inventor has discovered that light glare can be generated due to light diffraction by the heat generating conductor (conductive thin wire), and prevents the diffracted light caused by the heat generating conductor from being visually recognized. It was newly found that the occurrence of glare can be effectively avoided.

  Further, as a result of further research, the present inventor has come to find that it is difficult to prevent dazzling and suppress glare that may impair the field of view and ensure a good field of view. Especially in the case where the above-mentioned heat generating plate is used for the window, the heat generating conductor is necessarily present in the field of view, so it is possible to secure a clear field of view and cause glare and blurring that may cause eye strain. It is very difficult to achieve both prevention and prevention at a high level.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a heating plate capable of securing a good field of view while preventing the occurrence of glare, and a vehicle and a building window including such a heating plate. Objective.

  One embodiment of the present invention includes a support base, a pair of bus bars to which a voltage is applied, and a heat generating conductor supported by the support base and connected to the pair of bus bars. A conductive main thin wire extending between the pair of bus bars, the first main curvature portion having a relatively large curvature and a first small curvature portion having a relatively small curvature. The heat generating plate has an inclination of the cross section of the first large curvature portion in the cross section of the conductive main thin wire larger than the inclination of the cross section of the first small curvature portion.

  According to this aspect, even if the heat generating conductor has a conductive main fine wire, it is possible to achieve both high-level prevention of glare and anti-glare.

  The cross-section of the conductive main fine wire has a lower bottom portion in contact with the support base, an upper bottom portion disposed at a position facing the lower bottom portion, and a first slope extending between one end of the lower bottom portion and one end of the upper bottom portion. And the second inclined portion extending between the other end of the lower bottom portion and the other end of the upper bottom portion, the inclination of the cross section is the inclination of a straight line passing through one end of the lower bottom portion and one end of the upper bottom portion, and Each may be represented by a slope of a straight line passing through the other end of the lower base and the other end of the upper base.

  According to this aspect, the inclination of the cross section of the conductive main fine wire is appropriately represented.

  The sum of the sizes of the projections of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion of the first small curvature portion on the support substrate is the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion of the first large curvature portion. You may be larger than the sum of the size of the projection on the support base material of an inclination part.

  According to this aspect, the size of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion that are likely to contribute to glare due to light reflection among the conductive main thin wires is between the first large curvature portion and the first small curvature portion. It is possible to prevent the glare from being emphasized by light reflection.

  The projection of the cross section of the first small curvature portion on the support substrate may be larger than the projection of the cross section of the first large curvature portion on the support substrate.

  According to this aspect, the size of the portion of the conductive main fine wire that can contribute to the reflection of light can be changed between the first large curvature portion and the first small curvature portion. It is possible to suppress the enhancement of glare such as blurring.

  The distance between the upper bottom portion and the lower bottom portion of the cross section of the first small curvature portion may be equal to the distance between the upper bottom portion and the lower bottom portion of the cross section of the first large curvature portion.

  According to this aspect, good workability of the heat generating conductor can be ensured, and the first large curvature portion and the first small curvature portion can be easily formed.

  A plurality of conductive main fine wires are provided, and the heat-generating conductor further has a conductive sub fine wire for connecting the conductive main fine wires arranged adjacent to each other in at least a part of the plurality of conductive main fine wires. May be.

  According to this aspect, since the conductive main fine wires are connected to each other by the conductive sub-fine wires, even if a disconnection occurs in a part of the conductive main thin wires, the conductive main fine wires are electrically Since electricity can be sent from the other conductive main fine wire via the sub-fine wire, the heat generation unevenness can be effectively reduced.

  The conductive sub-thin wire may include a second large curvature portion having a relatively large curvature and a second small curvature portion having a relatively small curvature.

  According to this aspect, the conductive sub-wires are also curved and can effectively prevent the occurrence of visible light glare.

  The heat generating plate may further include a covering member that covers the heat generating conductor, and the heat generating conductor may be disposed between the support base and the covering member.

  According to this aspect, the heat generating plate in which the heat generating conductor is disposed between the support base and the covering member can be provided, and the heat generating plate can be simply applied to various windows.

  Another aspect of the present invention relates to a vehicle including the heat generating plate.

  The other aspect of this invention is related with the window for buildings provided with said heat generating board.

  According to the present invention, the inclination of the cross section of the “first large curvature portion having a relatively large curvature” in the cross section of the conductive main thin wire of the heat generating conductor is “the first curvature having a relatively small curvature”. Since it is larger than the inclination of the cross section of the “small curvature portion”, it is possible to achieve both high-level prevention of glare and anti-glare.

FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the thin heat-generating conductor and the light reflection mode, and shows an example of the heat-generating conductor having a rectangular cross section. FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the thin wire-like heat generating conductor and the light reflection mode, and shows an example of the heat generating conductor having a non-rectangular cross section. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an automobile (vehicle) equipped with a battery (power source). FIG. 3 is a front view of a front window constituted by a transparent heat generating plate. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat generating plate (front window) along line IV-IV shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing an example of the wiring pattern of the heat generating conductor. 6A is an enlarged view of a portion (first small curvature portion) indicated by reference numeral “31a” in FIG. FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of a portion (first large curvature portion) indicated by reference numeral “31b” in FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIA-VIIA of FIG. 6A. FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 6B. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the heat generating plate. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing one step in the method of manufacturing the heat generating plate. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method for manufacturing the heating plate. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method for manufacturing the heating plate. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method for manufacturing the heat generating plate. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method for manufacturing the heating plate. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method of manufacturing the heat generating plate. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the method for manufacturing the heating plate. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the following description, the terms “plate”, “sheet” and “film” are not distinguished from each other based solely on the difference in designation. For example, the term “sheet” is a concept that may include members that can be called “plates”, “films”, and the like, and is not necessarily distinguished only by the difference in names. In addition, terms used in the present specification, terms specifying geometric conditions and their degree (for example, terms such as “same”, “same” and “equal”, and other physical properties such as length and angle values) The term “value” is not limited to a strict meaning, but is interpreted to include a range where a similar function can be expected.

  In addition, each element shown in the drawings attached to the present specification does not necessarily match the actual size and arrangement, and the scale, vertical and horizontal dimensional ratios, arrangement relations, and the like are appropriately changed and illustrated.

  First, “preventing glare”, “antiglare” and “preventing glare and antiglare with respect to a heat generating plate (see reference numeral“ 10 ”in FIG. 4) having a heat generating conductor including a plurality of conductive thin wires. The knowledge of the present inventor regarding “compatibility of the present invention” will be described.

<About prevention of light glare>
As a result of diligent research, the present inventor has found that thin wire-like heat-generating conductors (conductive thin wires) can be a cause of light glare, particularly in cases where a large number of conductive thin wires are arranged in the same pattern. I found something new that is easy to do. In general, the light beam is caused by light diffraction. For example, when light is incident on a transparent heat generating plate, the incident light is diffracted by each conductive thin wire, but in particular, the diffracted light by a plurality of conductive thin wires arranged in the same pattern is It tends to interfere with each other and produce a visible light glaze that elongates and extends in a radial streak.

  The inventor of the present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned generation mechanism of light glaze, and has newly found that generation of visible light glare can be effectively prevented by irregularly arranging a plurality of conductive thin wires. That is, from the viewpoint of preventing the occurrence of visible light glaze, “a plurality of conductive thin wires arranged in a straight line in parallel” and “a plurality of conductive thin wires arranged in the same pattern shape” The present inventors have newly found that “a plurality of conductive thin wires irregularly arranged with various curvatures in plan view” is preferable (reference numeral “30” in FIG. 5 described later). reference). The plan view is a shape in which the heat generating plate 10 having the heat generating conductor 30 is observed from the normal direction of the front and back surfaces of the heat generating plate 10 (Z direction in FIG. 5 described later). The plan view shape of the heat generating conductor 30 is illustrated correctly.

<About anti-glare>
In general, from the viewpoint of realizing a good field of view, a window that causes a phenomenon such as dazzling that may impair the field of view is not preferable. For example, in the case where a transparent heat generating plate is used for a vehicle window, the light observed through such a vehicle window is identified due to light reflection on the surface of the conductive thin wire (heat generating conductor). In the case of a combination of the incident angle and the observer's line-of-sight direction, when the conductive thin line is shining and so-called glare or blurring phenomenon occurs, the visibility of a vehicle occupant such as a driver is impaired. Not only that, but also eye strain of the vehicle occupants increases. Therefore, even in the case where the above-mentioned “transparent heating plate including a plurality of conductive thin wires irregularly arranged with various curvatures in a plan view” is used for a window, phenomena such as glare It is demanded to suppress the above and secure a good field of view.

  A part of the light incident on the transparent heating plate including a plurality of conductive thin wires is reflected by each conductive thin wire, but the specific light reflection mode in each conductive thin wire is the shape of the cross section of each conductive thin wire Depending on the.

  FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are diagrams for explaining the relationship between the cross-sectional shape of the thin wire-shaped heat generating conductor 30 and the light reflection mode, and FIG. 1A is a heat generating conductor 30 having a rectangular cross section. FIG. 1B shows an example of the heat generating conductor 30 having a non-rectangular cross section. Note that the cross section referred to here is a heat generating conductor (conductive) in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the heat generating conductor (conductive thin wire) (for example, the direction of the center line of the conductive thin wire (length direction)). The cross-section obtained by cutting a thin fine wire). For example, FIGS. 7A and 7B, which will be described later, also illustrate the heat-generating conductor in the cross section. In the same figure, the extending direction is the Y direction and the transverse section is the ZX plane.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the cross section of each heat generating conductor 30 extends in a direction perpendicular to the incident direction L and two sides S2 and S4 extending in the same direction as the incident direction L of light. Light having a rectangular shape defined by two sides S1 and S3, the light reflected by the side S1 perpendicular to the incident direction L travels in a direction opposite to the incident direction L, and the other sides In principle, S2, S3, and S4 do not reflect light traveling in the incident direction L. Therefore, if the cross section of the heat generating conductor 30 included in the heat generating plate is rectangular, the light component reflected by the heat generating conductor 30 out of the light traveling in the incident direction L is applied to the heat generating plate (vehicle window). It does not get in the way of the vehicle occupant's field of vision.

  However, in reality, it is very difficult to accurately process the cross section of the heat generating conductor 30 into a rectangular shape, and in particular, when the heat generating conductor 30 is formed by etching (corrosion processing), a so-called side etching phenomenon. Thus, the heat-generating conductor 30 usually has a non-rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 1B. The heating conductor 30 shown in FIG. 1B has two sides S1 (upper bottom) and S3 (lower bottom) extending in a direction perpendicular to the light incident direction L. The heating conductor shown in FIG. 30 is the same as the incident direction L, but the extending directions of the sides S2 (first inclined portion) and S4 (second inclined portion) connecting the sides S1 and S3 perpendicular to the incident direction L are the same as the incident direction L. Don't be. That is, the side S2 extending between one ends of the sides S1 and S3 perpendicular to the incident direction L and the side S4 extending between the other ends are curved with an inclination with respect to the incident direction L, respectively. Accordingly, a part of the light traveling in the incident direction L is reflected at these inclined sides (hereinafter also referred to as “inclined portions”) S2 and S4 of the heat generating conductor 30 and is different from the original incident direction L. Then proceed in any direction. In particular, the actual observation light incident on the heat generating plate (vehicle window, etc.) does not necessarily include only the light component traveling in one direction. In most cases, the observation light is composed of light components traveling in various directions. Therefore, part of the light reflected at the inclined portions S2 and S4 of the heat generating conductor 30 may enter the field of view of the vehicle occupant. Such reflected light travels in a direction different from the original traveling direction, and is incident on the field of view of the user (observer observing the transmitted light) at an unexpected angle, causing glare such as glare and blurring. This is a factor, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of securing a good field of view.

  The present inventor pays attention to the light reflection mechanism by the above-mentioned conductive thin wires, and crosses the conductive thin wires so that the inclined portions of the plurality of conductive thin wires have various angles as the inclination angles on the lateral surfaces thereof. It was newly found out that glare such as glare and blur can be effectively suppressed by adjusting the surface shape. That is, if the inclination angle of the inclined portion of the cross section is common for all the conductive thin wires included in the heat generating plate, there is a possibility that glare, blurring, etc. are emphasized in the light observed by the user through the heat generating plate. Therefore, the present inventor newly found out that glare is effectively suppressed by providing various angles (inclinations) to the plurality of conductive thin wires on the lateral surface.

<About coexistence of prevention of glare and anti-glare>
In the window using the above-mentioned heat generating plate, the conductive thin wire is present in the user's field of view. From the viewpoint of realizing a clear (clear) view, each of the conductive thin wires is not visually recognized as much as possible. It is preferable to make the conductive fine wire sufficiently thin.

  However, if the conductive thin wire is made thin, it becomes difficult to give various angle variations to the inclination angle of the inclined portion of the cross section of the conductive thin wire. That is, in an example shown in FIG. 1B, when trying to realize a gentle inclination by reducing the inclination angle of the inclined part of the cross section in an extremely thin conductive thin wire, for example, side S1 (upper bottom part) and side S3 (lower bottom part) The difference in length becomes large, and a sufficient length cannot be ensured especially on the shorter side S1 (upper bottom). If the upper bottom portion S1 of the cross section of the conductive thin wire is extremely short, there is a high possibility that the conductive thin wire is disconnected due to a manufacturing error or the like.

  Therefore, by mixing a relatively thick portion and a relatively thin portion in each conductive thin wire, it is easy to give a desired angle variation in the inclination angle of the inclined portion of the cross section of each conductive thin wire. Become. In particular, a “gradual inclination with a small inclination angle” is realized at a relatively thick portion of the thin conductive wire, and a “slope with a large inclination angle” is formed at a relatively thin portion of the conductive thin wire. Realizing “inclination” is also desirable from the viewpoint of preventing disconnection of the conductive thin wire.

  On the other hand, with respect to the plurality of conductive thin wires arranged with various curvatures to prevent the occurrence of light glare, the curvature is smaller than the portion where the curvature is large and the bending degree is large under the restriction on the arrangement space. It is easier to increase the width of the conductive thin wire at the portion where the bending degree is smaller. Therefore, in each conductive thin wire, a portion with a small curvature is thickened to make the slope of the inclined portion of the cross section gentle, while a portion with a large curvature is made thin to make the slope of the inclined portion of the cross section steep. Thus, it is preferable to provide variations in the inclination angle of the inclined portion.

  As a method for forming the conductive thin wire, for example, a method of forming a conductive thin wire having a desired wiring shape by etching a film that is a source of the conductive thin wire is preferably used. When forming conductive thin wires by etching, the erosion degree of the film by etching is made relatively strong to make the inclination of the inclined part steep, and the erosion degree of the film by etching is made to make the inclination of the inclined part gentle. By making it relatively weak, it is possible to form conductive thin wires having various inclined portions. Note that if etching is used to make the slope of the sloping portion gentle at the thin part of the conductive thin wire, the erosion on the side of the film that is covered with the resist and exposed to the etching is more eroded than the other part of the film. The film portion on the side covered with the resist is eroded before the etching of the entire conductive thin wire is completed, and there is a possibility that the conductive thin wire is disconnected.

  Based on the above-described analysis and knowledge, the present inventor “has a large curvature portion (the first large curvature portion of FIG. 5 described later) in the cross section of the conductive thin wire (the conductive main thin wire and the conductive sub thin wire described later). By making the inclination of the cross section of 31b) larger than the inclination of the cross section of the small curvature portion (the first small curvature portion 31a of FIG. 5 described later), it is possible to prevent the occurrence of glare and prevent glare at a high level. I have gained new knowledge that both can be achieved.

  It is preferable that such “the conductive thin wire has a different cross-sectional inclination depending on the curvature” is realized over the entire heat generating plate (conductive thin wire), but the heat generating plate (conductive It may be realized only in a part of the thin line. For example, when a heating plate is applied to a vehicle window, the inclination of the cross section of the conductive thin wire is determined according to the curvature only in a range corresponding to a part or all of the vehicle occupant's normal field of view in the vehicle window. May be. Moreover, you may determine the inclination of the cross section of a conductive fine wire according to a curvature only in a part of conductive wire fine wire.

  Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention based on the above analysis and knowledge will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an automobile (vehicle) 1 on which a battery (power source) 7 is mounted.

  In general, the automobile 1 includes various windows such as a front window, a rear window, a side window, and a sunroof window. Although the transparent heat generating plate 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any of these windows, an example in which the front window 5 is configured by the transparent heat generating plate 10 will be described below.

  FIG. 3 is a front view of the front window 5 constituted by the transparent heat generating plate 10.

  The heat generating plate 10 of the present example includes a first transparent plate 11 and a second transparent plate 12, and a conductor sheet 20 disposed between the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. . The conductor sheet 20 includes a pair of bus bars 25 connected to the battery 7 via the wiring portion 15 and a heat generating conductor (described later) disposed between the pair of bus bars 25 and connected to each of the pair of bus bars 25. 4 (see reference numeral “30” in FIG. 4). When a voltage is applied to the pair of bus bars 25 by the battery 7, the heat generating conductor connected to the pair of bus bars 25 is energized and generates heat by resistance heating. The bus bar 25 and the conductor sheet 20 including the heat generating conductor are arranged in a sealed space between the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. It is electrically connected to the battery 7 provided outside via a wiring portion 15 extending outside the transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heating plate 10 (front window 5), the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are curved. Here, the heat generating plate 10, the first transparent plate 11, and the second transparent plate 12 are shown in a flat plate shape.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat generating plate 10 (front window 5) taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG.

  The conductor sheet 20 includes a support base material 21 and a heat generating conductor 30 that is disposed on the support base material 21 and supported by the support base material 21. The surface of the support base 21 on which the heat generating conductor 30 is disposed is bonded to the first transparent plate 11 via the first bonding layer 13, and the heat generating conductor 30 of the support base 21 is disposed. The surface opposite to the surface to be bonded is bonded to the second transparent plate 12 via the second bonding layer 14. Therefore, in the heat generating plate 10 of this example, the first transparent plate 11 functions as a covering member that covers the heat generating conductor 30, and the heat generating conductor 30 is interposed between the support base 21 and the first transparent plate 11. Be placed.

  The heat generated in the heat generating conductor 30 is transmitted to the first transparent plate 11 through the first bonding layer 13, and is transmitted to the second transparent plate 12 through the support base 21 and the second bonding layer 14. . As a result, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are warmed, and frost, ice (snow, etc.) and water adhering to the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are removed and the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are removed. The fogging of the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 can be eliminated. Thus, by using the above-mentioned heat generating plate 10 as a defroster, frost formation, icing and condensation on the front window 5 (especially the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12) can be prevented and Good visibility can be maintained.

  In addition, the transparency of the heat generating plate 10 in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the heat generating plate 10 is transparent so that the other side can be seen through from the one side of the heat generating plate 10 through the heat generating plate 10. For example, preferably has a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more. Visible light transmittance here is, for example, when measured within a measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (for example, “UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JISK0115 compliant product). It is specified as an average value of transmittance at a wavelength.

  In the case where the heat generating plate 10 is used for the front window 5 as in this example, the heat generating plate 10 is required to secure a particularly clear field of view. Accordingly, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 constituting the heat generating plate 10 used for the front window 5 preferably have a high visible light transmittance, for example, a visible light transmittance of 90% or more. preferable. Various materials can be selected as the material of the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12, and for example, a resin plate or a glass plate can be used. As resin materials forming the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12, polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polybutyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate-butyl (meth) acrylate copolymer, and methyl (meta ) Acrylic resin polycarbonate such as acrylate-styrene copolymer can be exemplified. Here, “(meth) acrylate” means acrylate or methacrylate. Acrylic resin is suitable for the heat generating plate 10, particularly the heat generating plate 10 used for the front window 5 and the rear window, in that it has high durability. The visible light transmittance may be reduced by coloring or the like in part or all of the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. For example, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 may be used to suppress an increase in the temperature inside the vehicle during clear weather in summer or to make it difficult to visually recognize the inside of the vehicle from outside the vehicle by blocking direct sunlight. It is good also considering a part or all as a comparatively low visible-light transmittance.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the 1st transparent plate 11 and the 2nd transparent plate 12 have thickness of 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less, for example from a viewpoint of ensuring the outstanding intensity | strength and an optical characteristic. Further, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 may be made of the same material, may have the same configuration, or at least one of the material and the configuration may be different from each other. Good. In addition, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 of this example have substantially the same planar shape and size, but may have different planar shapes and sizes as necessary.

  The “first bonding layer 13” for bonding the first transparent plate 11 and the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21) and the “first” for bonding the second transparent plate 12 and the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21). The two bonding layers 14 "can be formed in layers by materials having various adhesiveness or tackiness. From the viewpoint of ensuring a clear field of view, the first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 are preferably made of a material having a high visible light transmittance, and are typically made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). . The thicknesses of the first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 are preferably 0.15 mm or more and 1 mm or less, respectively. The first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 may be made of the same material, may have the same configuration, or at least one of the material and the configuration may be different from each other.

  The transparent heat generating plate 10 is not limited to the illustrated example. For example, in addition to the above-described configuration, another functional layer expected to exhibit a specific function may be provided. Each element constituting the heat generating plate 10 may exhibit two or more functions. For example, the first transparent plate 11, the second transparent plate 12, the first bonding layer 13, the second bonding layer 14, and the conductor. Functions other than those described above may be further imparted to at least one element of the sheet 20 (the heat generating conductor 30 and the support base material 21). For example, anti-reflection (AR) function, hard coat (HC) function with scratch resistance, infrared shielding (reflection) function, ultraviolet shielding (reflection) function, antifouling function and other functions A member or a configuration that provides at least one of the functions may be added to each element constituting the heat generating plate 10.

<Conductor sheet 20>
The conductor sheet 20 of this example includes the pair of bus bars 25 and the heat generating conductor 30 as described above, and has substantially the same planar shape and size as the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. The first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 (the heat generating plate 10) are disposed over the entirety. However, the planar shape and size of the conductor sheet 20 are not particularly limited, and the conductor sheet 20 may be smaller than the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12. For example, the conductor sheet is provided only on a part of the heating plate 10 (the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12) so that only a specific area such as a front portion of the driver's seat is covered by the conductor sheet 20. 20 may be provided.

  The material constituting the support base 21 of the conductor sheet 20 is not particularly limited as long as the heat generating conductor 30 can be appropriately supported, and is a material having a high visible light transmittance from the viewpoint of ensuring a clear view. Preferably there is. Therefore, a transparent electrical insulating film capable of transmitting a wavelength in the visible light wavelength region (for example, 380 nm to 780 nm) can be suitably used as the support base material 21. For example, the support substrate 21 can be composed of a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and ethylene-terephthalate-isophthalate copolymer. In order to appropriately support the heat generating conductor 30 while ensuring sufficient light transmittance, the support base material 21 preferably has a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.15 mm.

  On the other hand, the material constituting the heat generating conductor 30 is not particularly limited as long as it can generate heat by energization. For example, the heat generating conductor 30 can be constituted by gold, silver, copper, platinum, aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, palladium, indium, tungsten, or an alloy thereof. The heat generating conductor 30 can be formed using an opaque metal material. However, when the heat generating conductor 30 is formed of an opaque material or a material with low transparency, the user's field of view is not excessively blocked. It is preferable to make the heat generating conductor 30 sufficiently thin.

  Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio of the area not covered with the heat generating conductor 30 (that is, the non-covering ratio) in the planar area of the support base 21 is set to be high, for example, about 70% to 98%. Moreover, it is preferable that the line | wire width of the electroconductive fine wire (The electroconductive main fine wire 31 and the electroconductive sub fine wire 32 mentioned later) which comprise the conductor 30 for a heat | fever is about 2 micrometers or more and 20 micrometers or less. Specifically, among the sizes of the conductive thin wires, the width W in the direction along the plate surface of the transparent heating plate 10 is preferably about 2 μm or more and 20 μm or less, and the width W is related to the normal direction of the plate surface of the transparent heating plate 10. The height (thickness) H is preferably 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less. With the heating conductor 30 (conductive thin wire) having such a width W and height H, the heating conductor 30 is sufficiently thin and the heating conductor 30 can be made visually inconspicuous. By providing the heat generating conductor 30 based on such non-coverage and line width, the region where the heat generating conductor 30 is provided has high transparency as a whole, and the presence of the heat generating conductor 30 exists. Does not excessively impair the transparency of the transparent heating plate 10.

  In this way, the heat generating conductor 30 is formed on the support base 21 so as to increase the non-covering ratio, and the first bonding layer 13 is in contact with the heat generating conductor 30 and is covered with the heat generating conductor 30. The portion of the support base 21 that is not made (non-coated portion) is also contacted. Therefore, in the heat generating plate 10 of this example, the heat generating conductor 30 is embedded in the first bonding layer 13.

  Note that the heat generating conductor 30 may have a dark color layer (see “first dark color layer 37” and “second dark color layer 38” shown in FIG. 15 and the like described later) on the surface portion. At least a part of the central energization portion of the conductive body 30 (see “conductive layer 36” shown in FIG. 15 and the like) may be covered with a dark color layer. The heat generating conductor 30 exhibits a relatively high light reflectance depending on the constituent material, and the reflected light from the heat generating conductor 30 may be visually noticeable. Such reflected light from the heat generating conductor 30 obstructs the field of view of the vehicle occupant inside the vehicle, or allows the heat generating conductor 30 to be visually recognized from the outside of the vehicle, thereby reducing the design. Therefore, by forming on the surface of the heat generating conductor 30 a dark color layer such as black whose visible light reflectance is lower than the central energized portion of the heat generating conductor 30, reflection of light by the heat generating conductor 30 is suppressed, It is possible to secure a good field of view of the vehicle occupant and prevent a deterioration in design.

  Next, the wiring pattern of the heat generating conductor 30 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing an example of a wiring pattern of the heat generating conductor 30. In FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, only the heat generating conductor 30 and the support base material 21 of the heat generating plate 10 are shown.

  The heat generating conductor 30 of this example includes a plurality of conductive main fine wires 31 and conductive sub-fine wires 32 that connect the conductive main fine wires 31 arranged adjacent to each other. Each conductive fine wire 31 extends between a pair of bus bars 25 (see FIG. 3) in a direction from one bus bar 25 toward the other bus bar 25 (see the Y direction in FIG. 5), and is connected to each bus bar 25. To do. Each of the conductive main thin wires 31 is curved in an irregular wave shape and disposed on the support substrate 21, and each of the conductive main thin wires 31 has a plurality of curves having different curvatures (that is, bending conditions). In addition, the conductive main fine wires 31 have different wave shapes.

  The conductive sub-fine wires 32 are provided in at least a part of the plurality of conductive main fine wires 31 and have a discrete arrangement. That is, a plurality of conductive sub-wires 32 of this example are provided, and the plurality of conductive sub-wires 32 are different from each other in the direction from one side of the pair of bus bars 25 to the other (see the Y direction in FIG. 5). Placed in. Each of the conductive sub-wires 32 has an irregular wave shape including a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures (that is, bending conditions), and the conductive sub-wires 32 have different wave shapes. The conductive sub-wires 32 have the same composition as that of the conductive main fine wires 31, and the conductive main thin wires 31 and the conductive sub-fine wires 32 are formed continuously and integrally.

  As described above, each of the conductive main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32 constituting the heat generating conductor 30 includes a portion bent with various curvatures. In particular, the conductive main thin wire 31 of the present embodiment has “a portion having a relatively small curvature (first small curvature portion; see reference numeral“ 31a ”in FIG. 5)” and “curvature” having mutually different cross-sectional inclinations. Relatively large portion (first large curvature portion; see reference numeral “31b” in FIG. 5)) ”. That is, the inclination of the cross section of the first large curvature portion having a relatively large curvature in the cross section of the conductive main thin wire 31 is larger than the inclination of the cross section of the first small curvature portion having a relatively small curvature. large.

  6A is an enlarged view of a portion (first small curvature portion) indicated by reference numeral “31a” in FIG. 5, and FIG. 6B is a portion (first large curvature portion) indicated by reference numeral “31b” in FIG. FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIA-VIIA in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 6B.

  The transverse cross section of the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive main fine wire 31 and conductive sub fine wire 32) according to the present embodiment is disposed at a position facing the lower base S3, which is in contact with the support base 21, and the lower bottom S3. Between the one end E2 of the upper base S1, the lower base S3 and the one end E1 of the upper base S1, and between the other end E4 of the lower base S3 and the other end E3 of the upper base S1. It is divided by the extended second inclined portion S4 (see FIGS. 7A and 7B). Further, the cross section of the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive main fine wire 31 and conductive sub fine wire 32) according to the present embodiment is substantially a line with the axis passing through the center of the upper bottom S1 and the center of the lower bottom S3 as a symmetry axis. It is formed symmetrically.

  And the inclination of the cross section of the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32) is a straight line passing through one end E2 of the lower bottom portion S3 and one end E1 of the upper bottom portion S1, and other than the lower bottom portion S3. Represented by each of the slopes of the straight line passing through the end E4 and the other end E3 of the upper base S1.

  As described above, in the conductive main thin wire 31 of the present embodiment, the inclination of the cross section of the large curvature portion (first large curvature portion) 31b having a relatively large curvature is the small curvature portion (the first curvature portion having a relatively small curvature). 1 is smaller than the inclination of the cross section of 31a. Accordingly, “a straight line T1 passing through one end E2 of the lower bottom portion S3 and one end E1 of the upper bottom portion S1” and “a straight line passing through the other end E4 of the lower bottom portion S3 and the other end E3 of the upper bottom portion S1 of the small curvature portion 31a shown in FIG. 7A. “Inclination angle θ1” formed by each of “T1” and the lower base S3, “Line T2 passing through one end E2 of the lower base S3 and one end E1 of the upper base S1” of the large curvature portion 31b shown in FIG. The “inclination angle θ2” formed by each of the straight line T2 passing through the other end E4 of the lower bottom S3 and the other end E3 of the upper bottom S1 and the lower bottom S3 satisfies the following relational expression 1.

<Relational expression 1>
θ1 <θ2

  Further, the transverse cross sections of the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32) have substantially the same height. That is, the distance H1 between the upper bottom portion S1 and the lower bottom portion S3 of the cross section of the small curvature portion 31a shown in FIG. 7A is between the upper bottom portion S1 and the lower bottom portion S3 of the cross section of the large curvature portion 31b shown in FIG. It is equal to the space | interval H2 between, and the following relational expression 2 is satisfy | filled.

<Relational expression 2>
H1 = H2

  The projection size P1 (see FIG. 7A) of the cross section of the small curvature portion 31a onto the support base material 21 is the size P2 of projection onto the support base material 21 of the cross section of the large curvature portion 31b (see FIG. 7B). The following relational expression 3 is satisfied. That is, with respect to the direction along the support surface of the support base 21 (see the X direction in FIGS. 7A and 7B), “the length of the entire cross section of the small curvature portion 31a (particularly, the lower bottom S3 in this embodiment)” is “ It is larger than “the entire length of the transverse section of the large curvature portion 31 b (particularly, the lower bottom portion S 3 in this embodiment)”.

<Relational expression 3>
P1> P2

  Further, the sum of the “projection size P3a of the first inclined portion S2” and the “projection size P3b of the second inclined portion S4” in the cross section of the small curvature portion 31a on the support base material 21 is the same as that on the support base material 21. It is larger than the sum of “projection size P4a of first inclined portion S2” and “projection size P4b of second inclined portion S4” in the cross section of large curvature portion 31b, and the following relational expression 4 is satisfied. That is, with respect to the direction along the support surface of the support base material 21, “the sum of the lengths of the first inclined portion S2 and the second inclined portion S4 of the transverse section of the small curvature portion 31a” is “the transverse section of the large curvature portion 31b. It is larger than “the sum of the lengths of the first inclined portion S2 and the second inclined portion S4”.

<Relational expression 4>
(P3a + P3b)> (P4a + P4b)

  Further, the projection size W1 of the upper base S1 in the cross section of the small curvature portion 31a onto the support base 21 is larger than the projection size W2 of the projection of the upper base S1 in the cross section of the large curvature portion 31b onto the support base 21. Is also big.

  Moreover, the area of the cross section of the small curvature part 31a is larger than the area of the cross section of the large curvature part 31b.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, the shape and size of the cross section of each conductive thin wire (conductive main thin wire 31) are determined according to the curvature of the wiring of the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive thin wire). It is possible to achieve both high-level prevention of glare and anti-glare. That is, by forming the conductive main fine wires 31 by “a plurality of conductive fine wires irregularly arranged with various curvatures”, it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of visible light glare. Further, by providing “inclination at various angles (see“ θ1 ”in FIG. 7A and“ θ2 ”in FIG. 7B) in the cross section of the conductive main thin wire 31”, glare such as glare and blurring can be effectively prevented. It can be suppressed. And "by making the inclination of the cross section of the large curvature portion (large curvature portion 31b) out of the cross section of the conductive main fine wire 31 larger than the inclination of the cross section of the small curvature portion (small curvature portion 31a)", While avoiding disconnection of the conductive main thin wire 31, the above-mentioned “prevention of light glare” and “anti-glare” can be achieved at a high level.

  The configuration of the conductive main fine wire 31 described above is also effective for the conductive sub fine wire 32 (see FIG. 5), and the above-described relationship regarding the cross section of the conductive main fine wire 31 is represented by the conductive sub fine wire 32. It is preferable to satisfy the same cross section. Therefore, the conductive sub-wires 32 are constituted by “a plurality of conductive thin wires irregularly arranged with various curvatures”, and “each of the conductive sub-wires 32 has a curvature portion having a relatively large curvature (the first portion). 2 and a curvature portion having a relatively small curvature (second small curvature portion) ”,“ provide various angles of inclination in the cross section of the conductive sub-wire 32 ”,“ conductivity ” By making the inclination of the cross section of the large curvature portion (second large curvature portion) out of the cross section of the sexual subthin wire 32 larger than the inclination of the cross section of the small curvature portion (second small curvature portion) " The above-mentioned “prevention of light glare” and “anti-glare” can be achieved at a high level while avoiding disconnection of the conductive sub-wires 32.

  Further, the heat generating plate 10 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 4, other layers may be added, and elements other than the heat generating conductor 30 may be omitted. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the first transparent plate 11 is directly laminated on the surface of the support base 21 on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided so as to cover the heat generating conductor 30. The heat generating plate 10 may be configured by the transparent plate 11, the heat generating conductor 30 and the support base material 21. Further, other functional layers may be appropriately added to the heat generating conductor 30 shown in FIG.

<Method for Manufacturing Heating Plate 10>
Next, a method for manufacturing the above-described heating plate 10 will be described. A method of manufacturing the above-described heat generating plate 10 is not particularly limited, but as an example, conductive thin wires (conductive main fine wires 31 and conductive sub-fine wires 32) including a conductive layer and a dark color layer are formed on the support substrate 21. The method will be described below. In the following description, an example of a method for manufacturing the heat generating plate 10 shown in FIG. 8 will be described. However, the heat generating plate 10 having another configuration (see FIG. 4) is also manufactured by appropriately applying the following manufacturing method. It is possible.

  9 to 15 are cross-sectional views for explaining an example of the method for manufacturing the heat generating plate 10, and sequentially show the steps for manufacturing the heat generating plate 10.

  First, as shown in FIG. 9, on the copper foil film 36a, which is a member of the conductive layer of the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive main fine wire 31 and conductive sub fine wire 32), the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive The dark color film 37a which is the basis of the first dark color layer of the conductive main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32) is laminated. The method for forming the copper foil film 36a is not particularly limited, and the copper foil film 36a can be formed by a known method. For example, the copper foil film 36a can be formed based on a plating method including electrolytic plating and electroless plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a combination of two or more of these methods. . On the other hand, the method for forming the dark color film 37a is not particularly limited, and the dark color film 37a can be formed by a known method. For example, the dark color film 37a is replaced with the copper foil film 36a based on a plating method including electroplating and electroless plating, a sputtering method, a CVD method, a PVD method, an ion plating method, or a combination of these two or more methods. Can be formed on top. The dark color film 37a can be made of various known materials, and may be made of, for example, copper nitride, copper oxide, nickel nitride, or the like.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the transparent support base material 21 is laminated | stacked on the surface on the opposite side to the surface where the copper foil film | membrane 36a is laminated | stacked among the dark color films | membranes 37a. Note that a bonding layer including a pressure-sensitive adhesive or an adhesive may be provided between the support base 21 and the dark color film 37a, and the support base 21 and the dark color film 37a may be reliably bonded. The support substrate 21 may be composed of any member as long as the heat generating conductor 30 can be appropriately held. For example, a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate subjected to a biaxial stretching treatment is used as the support base. It is mentioned as a constituent material of the material 21. However, in consideration of the retention property of the heat generating conductor 30, the thickness of the support base 21 is preferably 30 μm or more and 150 μm or less.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a resist pattern 39 is provided on the surface of the copper foil film 36a opposite to the surface on which the dark color film 37a is laminated. The resist pattern 39 is disposed on the copper foil film 36 a so as to have a shape corresponding to the wiring pattern (wiring shape) of the heat generating conductor 30 to be finally formed on the support base material 21. That is, the resist pattern 39 is provided only on the portion of the copper foil film 36a that finally forms the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32). The resist pattern 39 can be formed by patterning using a known photolithography technique. For example, in the case of using proximity exposure using a photomask, when using a negative photoresist, a shielding pattern is formed on the photomask, and patterning is performed to form a desired resist pattern 39 on the copper foil film 36a. Can be formed on top.

  Next, the copper foil film 36a and the dark color film 37a are etched using the resist pattern 39 as a mask. By this etching, patterning is performed so that the copper foil film 36 a and the dark color film 37 a have substantially the same planar shape as the resist pattern 39. As a result of this patterning, as shown in FIG. 12, from the copper foil film 36a, a conductive layer 36 forming a part of conductive thin wires (conductive main fine wire 31 and conductive sub fine wire 32) is formed, and a dark color film 37a is formed. The first dark color layer 37 forming a part of the conductive thin wires (the conductive main thin wire 31 and the conductive sub thin wire 32) is formed.

  The etching method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be adopted. For example, the copper foil film 36a and the dark color film 37a are obtained by wet etching using an etching solution such as ferric chloride aqueous solution or dry etching such as plasma etching. Etching can be performed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the resist pattern 39 is removed by an arbitrary method. Thereby, the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive layer 36 and the first dark color layer 37) wired in a predetermined pattern on the support base 21 is obtained.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 14, a second layer is formed on the surface 35 a of the conductive layer 36 opposite to the surface 35 b on which the first dark color layer 37 is provided, and on the side surfaces 35 c and 35 d of the conductive layer 36. A dark color layer 38 is formed. The method for forming the second dark color layer 38 is not particularly limited. For example, a dark color process (blackening process) is performed on a part of the conductive layer 36 so that the dark color layer 38 is formed from a part of the material forming the conductive layer 36. Can be formed. Since the conductive layer 36 of this example is made of copper (copper foil film 36 a), the second dark color layer 38 made of, for example, copper oxide or copper sulfide can be formed as the surface layer of the conductive layer 36. Alternatively, a second dark color layer 38 such as a coating film of dark color material, a plating layer of nickel or chromium, or a sputtered layer of copper oxide (CuO) or copper nitride is additionally provided on the surface of the conductive layer 36. It may be provided. When the second dark color layer 38 is additionally provided, the second dark color layer is formed on the conductive layer 36 after roughening at least a part of the surface (the surface 35a and the side surfaces 35c and 35d) of the conductive layer 36. A layer 38 may be provided.

  Through the above-described series of steps (see FIGS. 9 to 14), the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive main thin wire 31 and the conductive layer 30) in which the conductive layer 36 is coated with the first dark color layer 37 and the second dark color layer 38. Conductive sub-wires 32) are formed on the support substrate 21, and the conductor sheet 20 is produced. As described above, the heat generating conductor 30 is formed on the support base 21 separate from the first transparent plate 11 (see FIG. 8), and the support base 21 forms the heat generating conductor 30. As long as the support member has an appropriate thickness, the support substrate 21 is not required to have a thickness for imparting rigidity to the heat generating plate 10. Therefore, according to the series of manufacturing methods shown in FIGS. 9 to 14, it is possible to continuously form a large number of heat generating conductors 30 used for the plurality of heat generating plates 10 on the long support base 21. Compared with the conventional method in which a heat generating conductor is formed for each heat generating plate 10, the heat generating conductor 30 can be manufactured at a very low cost. In addition, according to the manufacturing method described above, a part of the pair of bus bars 25 and the wiring portion 15 shown in FIG. 3 is used in parallel with the heat generating conductor 30 by using the same material as the heat generating conductor 30. Since it can form, the conductor sheet 20 and the heat generating plate 10 can be manufactured at low cost. Further, according to the above-described manufacturing method, a part of the pair of bus bars 25 and the wiring portion 15 can be formed integrally with the heat generating conductor 30 by using the same material as the heat generating conductor 30. is there. In this case, the electrical connection from the heat generating conductor 30 to the wiring portion 15 via the bus bar 25 can be secured more stably.

  Next, the 1st transparent plate 11 is laminated | stacked on the surface in which the heat generating conductor 30 (The conductive layer 36, the 1st dark color layer 37, and the 2nd dark color layer 38) is provided among the support base materials 21. FIG. . FIG. 15 illustrates an example in which the first transparent plate 11 is formed by injection molding, and the first transparent plate 11 is bonded to the support base material 21. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the conductor sheet 20 is disposed in the cavity 41 a of the mold 41 for injection molding. The surface of the support base 21 on which the heat generating conductor 30 is disposed faces the inside of the cavity 41 a, and the resin supplied to the cavity 41 a from the resin supply port 42 of the mold 41 is “the heat generation conductive of the support base 21. The conductor sheet 20 is disposed in the cavity 41a so as to be laminated on the “surface on which the body 30 is disposed”. A heated resin such as acrylic resin is injected from the resin supply port 42 of the mold 41 toward the cavity 41a, and the support base 21 and the heating conductor 30 (conductive layer 36, first dark color). Layer 37 and second dark layer 38). The resin injected into the cavity 41 a is cooled in the cavity 41 a and solidified on the support base 21 and the heat generating conductor 30, and finally joined to the support base 21 and the heat generating conductor 30. 1 transparent plate 11 is formed. According to the above-described injection molding, the first transparent plate 11 (heat generating plate 10) can be manufactured easily and inexpensively regardless of whether the first transparent plate 11 (heat generating plate 10) is flat or curved. Can be formed on the conductor sheet 20 (the support base material 21 and the heat generating conductor 30).

  Note that a primer layer for ensuring easy adhesion may be provided in advance on the surface of the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21) on which the heat generating conductor 30 is formed. In this case, the adhesion between the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21) and the first transparent plate 11 can be improved by the primer layer.

  According to the manufacturing method of the heat generating plate 10 shown in FIGS. 9 to 15 described above, the heat generating conductor 30 can be disposed between the first transparent plate 11 and the support base 21 relatively easily and reliably. In particular, by using the first transparent plate 11 as a covering member for the heat generating conductor 30, it is not necessary to use glass having a large weight density as a support base material for the heat generating conductor 30, and the heat generating plate 10 is significantly lighter. Can be realized. Moreover, since the conductor 30 for heat_generation | fever is formed on the support base material 21 which functions as a support material, the conductor sheet 20 excellent in the handleability can be provided. Therefore, according to the above-described series of manufacturing methods, the conductor sheet 20 can be formed easily and rapidly, typically in a roll-to-roll manner, based on photolithography technology. As described above, according to the method of manufacturing the heat generating plate 10 shown in FIGS. 9 to 15, the plurality of heat generating conductors 30 can be manufactured continuously, efficiently and inexpensively, and finally the weight is reduced. The produced heat generating plate 10 can be manufactured inexpensively and stably.

<Modification>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiment.

  For example, in the above-described manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 15, the heat generating plate 10 in which the support base 21, the heat generating conductor 30 and the first transparent plate 11 are sequentially stacked is formed, but other layers are further stacked. It may be. For example, “the surface of the first transparent plate 11 opposite to the surface to be bonded to the support substrate 21” and “the first transparent plate 11 of the support substrate 21 (conductor sheet 20). Another coating layer may be laminated on at least one of “the surface opposite to the surface to be joined”.

  FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate 10. The heat generating plate 10 of this example includes the first transparent plate 11 on the side opposite to the conductive sheet 20 in addition to the above-described support base material 21, the heat generating conductor 30 and the first transparent plate 11 (see FIG. 15). And a transparent coating layer 46 that covers the conductor sheet 20 from the side opposite to the first transparent plate 11. These coating layers 45 and 46 forming the surface layer (outermost surface) of the heat generating plate 10 function as a hard coat layer having scratch resistance, and protect the first transparent plate 11 and the conductor sheet 20 to generate heat. The durability of the plate 10 can be improved. These coating layers 45 and 46 can be formed using, for example, a known acrylic ultraviolet curable resin. That is, a composition containing an acrylic ultraviolet curable resin monomer, a prepolymer, or both, and a photopolymerization initiator on each of the first transparent plate 11 and the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21). The object is applied in the form of a film. And a cured resin layer is obtained by irradiating the coating film with ultraviolet rays and curing the coating film by a crosslinking reaction or a polymerization reaction. The cured resin layer obtained in this manner can be used as the coating layers 45 and 46 that function as a hard coat layer.

  In the above-described embodiment (see, for example, FIG. 15), the first transparent plate 11 is disposed on the conductive sheet 20 (the conductive sheet 20 (see FIG. 15) so as to face the surface of the conductive sheet 20 on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided. Although it is laminated | stacked on the support base material 21 and the heat generating conductor 30), the arrangement position of the 1st transparent plate 11 is not limited to this.

  FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate 10. In the heat generating plate 10 of this example, the first transparent plate 11 is opposed to the surface of the conductive sheet 20 (support base material 21) opposite to the side on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided. It is laminated on the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21). In this example, since the heat generating conductor 30 is exposed to the outside without being covered by the first transparent plate 11, an external force such as an impact acts on the heat generating conductor 30 to break the wire. The heat generating conductor 30 may rust due to moisture in the air. Therefore, when the heat generating conductor 30 is not covered with the first transparent plate 11, the heat generating conductor 30 is covered with another coating layer to prevent the heat generating conductor 30 from being exposed to the outside. preferable.

  FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the heat generating plate 10. The heat generating plate 10 of this example is obtained by applying the coating layers 45 and 46 shown in FIG. 16 to the heat generating plate 10 shown in FIG. That is, the covering layer 45 is provided on the surface of the conductor sheet 20 (support base material 21) on which the heat generating conductor 30 is provided, and the heat generating conductor 30 is covered with the covering layer 45. By this coating layer 45, the heat generating conductor 30 is isolated and protected from the outside, and disconnection and rusting of the heat generating conductor 30 can be prevented. Moreover, the coating layer 46 is provided on the surface of the first transparent plate 11 opposite to the surface on which the support base material 21 is provided, and the first transparent plate 11 is covered with the coating layer 46. Thereby, the 1st transparent plate 11 is isolated and protected from the exterior, and the durability of the heat generating plate 10 can be improved.

  Further, at least any one layer of the heat generating plate 10 may have an ultraviolet absorbent dispersed therein. In this case, the ultraviolet absorber absorbs the ultraviolet rays, and the amount of ultraviolet rays incident from the outside is reduced inside the layer having the ultraviolet absorbers. It can be effectively prevented from occurring in the inner member. That is, the heat resistance of the heat generating plate 10 can be improved by including the ultraviolet absorber in the heat generating plate 10. Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazole compounds and benzophenone compounds. The mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber in the layer containing the ultraviolet absorber is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 mass%.

  Further, when the heating plate 10 is provided with a coating layer, the moisture permeability of the coating layer may be lower than the moisture permeability of the support base material 21. According to the low moisture permeability coating layer, it is possible to effectively prevent water vapor from reaching the heat generating conductor 30 (the conductive main thin wire 31 and the conductive sub thin wire 32), and the heat generating conductor 30 (conductive). It is possible to prevent deterioration of the main fine wire 31 and the conductive sub fine wire 32) due to rust. The moisture permeability can be measured by a method defined in JISZ0208.

  Further, the heat generating plate 10 may have a curved surface shape, a flat plate shape, or another shape depending on the application.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the form which used the acrylic resin as a material of the 1st transparent plate 11 was illustrated, it is not restricted to this example. For example, a polyolefin resin, a polycarbonate resin, a vinyl chloride resin, or the like may be used as the material for the first transparent plate 11.

  In the embodiment described above, regarding the method of laminating the first transparent plate 11 and the conductor sheet 20, the conductor sheet 20 is disposed in advance in a mold cavity for molding the first transparent plate 11, and then the The form (refer FIG. 15) which laminated | stacked and integrated the 1st transparent plate 11 and the conductor sheet 20 was illustrated by injecting and filling the resin melt which comprises the 1st transparent plate 11 in a cavity. However, it is not limited to this example. For example, the first transparent plate 11 prepared in advance is prepared, and the first transparent plate 11 is bonded on one surface of the first transparent plate 11 via an adhesive layer. And the conductor sheet 20 may be laminated and integrated. As a specific example, the first transparent plate 11 and the second transparent plate 12 are heated and applied to the conductor sheet 20 via the first bonding layer 13 and the second bonding layer 14 made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The heat generating plate 10 shown in FIG. 4 can be produced by bonding while pressing.

  Moreover, the heat generating plate 10 may be used not only for the window of the automobile 1 but also for windows and doors of vehicles other than the automobile 1 (for example, railways, aircraft, ships, spacecrafts, etc.).

  Further, the heat generating plate 10 can be applied to other than a vehicle, and can be used as appropriate for “locations that divide spaces (for example, indoors and outdoors)” such as windows for buildings such as buildings, stores, and houses. .

  Further, the above-described embodiment and modification examples may be combined as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 5 Front window 7 Battery 10 Heat generating plate 11 1st transparent plate 12 2nd transparent plate 13 1st joining layer 14 2nd joining layer 15 Wiring part 20 Conductor sheet 21 Support base material 25 Bus bar 30 Heating conductor 31 Conductive main fine wire 31a Small curvature portion 31b Large curvature portion 32 Conductive subthin wire 35a Surface 35b Surface 35c Side surface 35d Side surface 36 Conductive layer 36a Copper foil film 37 First dark color layer 37a Dark color film 38 Second dark color layer 39 Resist Pattern 41 Mold 41a Cavity 42 Resin supply port 45 Cover layer 46 Cover layer

Claims (9)

A support substrate;
A pair of bus bars to which a voltage is applied;
A heating conductor supported by the support base material and connected to the pair of bus bars,
The heat generating conductor is a conductive main thin wire extending between the pair of bus bars, and a first large curvature portion having a relatively large curvature and a first small curvature portion having a relatively small curvature. A conductive main thin wire including
The inclination of the cross-section of said first large curvature portion of the cross section of the conductive main thin line is much larger than the slope of the cross section of the first small curvature portion,
The transverse cross section of the conductive main thin line is a lower bottom portion in contact with the support base, an upper bottom portion disposed at a position facing the lower bottom portion and shorter than the length of the lower bottom portion, one end of the lower bottom portion and the upper bottom portion A first inclined portion extending between one end of the lower bottom portion and a second inclined portion extending between the other end of the lower bottom portion and the other end of the upper bottom portion,
The inclination of the cross section is an inclination of a straight line passing through one end of the lower bottom part and one end of the upper bottom part with respect to the lower bottom part, and an inclination of a straight line passing through the other end of the lower bottom part and the other end of the upper bottom part with respect to the lower bottom part. A transparent heating plate represented by each of the above . The sum of the sizes of projections of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion on the support base material in the cross section of the first small curvature portion is the first cross section of the first large curvature portion. The transparent heat generating plate according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent heating plate is larger than a sum of sizes of projections of the first inclined portion and the second inclined portion onto the support base material. Said first projection of the small curvature portion of the cross-section of said supporting substrate on the first according to claim 1 or 2 larger than the projection of the large curvature portion of the cross-section of said support base on Transparent heating plate. The distance between the upper bottom portion and the lower bottom portion of the cross section of the first small curvature portion is equal to the distance between the upper bottom portion and the lower bottom portion of the cross section of the first large curvature portion. The transparent heating plate according to claim 1 or 2 . A plurality of the conductive main fine wires are provided,
The heat generating conductor, at least a portion of the plurality of conductive main fine wire, according to claim 1-4 having an electrically conductive auxiliary fine wire connecting the conductive main thin line with each other are arranged adjacent further The transparent heating plate as described in any one of Claims. The transparent heat generating plate according to claim 5 , wherein the conductive sub-thin wire includes a second large curvature portion having a relatively large curvature and a second small curvature portion having a relatively small curvature. A covering member that covers the heat-generating conductor;
Transparent heating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 arranged between the cover member and the heat generating conductor and the supporting substrate. A vehicle comprising the transparent heat generating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 . A building window comprising the transparent heating plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .

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