JP6615468B2 - Underwater ground leveling method and underwater ground leveling attachment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an underwater ground leveling method and an underwater ground leveling attachment, and more specifically, a grab bucket equipped with an attachment is used as a weight for free-falling, and a slope can be used without requiring a great number of man-hours. The present invention relates to an underwater ground leveling method and an attachment for underwater ground leveling that can be leveled smoothly.

  As a method of leveling the ground underwater, such as underwater rubble leveling, the ground is pressed by repeatedly dropping the weight lifted by the crane boom of the work boat, and the surface of the underwater ground is specified. A method of equalizing the shape is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and FIG. 2).

  In this conventional construction method, the surface of the underwater ground is pressed by the flat lower surface of the weight that has been freely dropped, so that it is easy to perform the leveling operation on the top surface of the rubble foundation. However, it is difficult to level the slope smoothly, and much effort is required to smooth the slope. For example, the finishing of slopes had to rely on the underwater finishing manual work of divers.

JP 2003-184090 A

  An object of the present invention is to use a grab bucket equipped with an attachment as a weight for free-falling, and to smooth an even ground surface and an underwater ground leveling method that can smooth the slope without requiring a great deal of man-hours. It is to provide attachments for sushi.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for leveling an underwater ground according to the present invention includes an underwater ground for leveling a surface of the underwater ground into a predetermined shape by freely dropping a weight suspended from a crane and pressing the underwater ground. In this leveling method, a grab bucket equipped with a ground leveling attachment removable at the lower end is used as the weight, and provided above the pair of shells with respect to the pair of shells constituting the grab bucket. The upper surface of the attachment mounted on the grab bucket with the pair of shells suspended from the crane open is set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal by moving the upper block formed in the horizontal direction. The weight is freely dropped in a state.
In addition, another method of leveling the underwater ground according to the present invention is to level the surface of the underwater ground into a predetermined shape by freely dropping a weight suspended from a crane and pressing the underwater ground. In this method, a grab bucket equipped with a detachable ground leveling attachment at the lower end is used as the weight, and the pair of shells constituting the grab bucket is provided above the pair of shells. By moving the upper block laterally, the lower surface of the attachment attached to the grab bucket in a state where the pair of shells suspended from the crane are closed is set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal, and A weight adjusting member that is held by closing the pair of shells is accommodated inside the pair of shells, and the weight is freely dropped in this state. Characterized in that to.

The underwater ground leveling attachment of the present invention moves horizontally with respect to a pair of shells by moving an upper block provided above the pair of shells, so that the attachment is horizontal when suspended from a crane. An underwater ground leveling attachment that is detachably attached to a grab bucket that is freely set to fall at an arbitrary angle, and an attachment portion that is detachably connected to a lower end portion of the grab bucket; and It is disposed below a pressing portion for pressing the surface of the water soil, a configuration in which the attachment portion in a state of opening the pair of shells are detachably connected to the lower end of the grab bucket, the pair wherein said mounting portion connected to the lower end of the grab bucket, prior to when the grab bucket is suspended from a crane with open shell In a state where the lower surface of the pressing portion by moving laterally the upper block with respect to said pair of shell was set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal, and interposed between the pressing portion and the pair of shell The pressing portion is fixed to and integrated with the pair of shells .

  According to the present invention, the grab bucket equipped with the ground leveling attachment is used as a weight, and the upper block of the grab bucket suspended from the crane is moved in the lateral direction so that the lower surface of the attachment is horizontally oriented. If it falls freely in a state set to a desired angle, it can be pressed from a direction perpendicular to the slope. Therefore, the slope can be finished more smoothly than the conventional method, and a great number of man-hours are not required.

  The attachment can also be mounted with the pair of shells of the grab bucket closed. In this case, since the attachment can be attached to the outer walls of the pair of shells, the attachment can be attached in a stable state by the grab bucket. In addition, since the size of the attachment can be made smaller than when it is worn with a pair of shells open, the resistance of water is reduced when it is dropped freely into water, and the underwater ground can be pressed more strongly. It becomes possible.

  The attachment can be attached in a state where a pair of shells of the grab bucket is opened. In this case, since the size of the attachment can be easily increased as compared with the case where the pair of shells are mounted in a closed state, a wider range of underwater ground can be pressed with one free fall. Further, since the grab bucket is originally designed on the assumption that it collides with the ground with a pair of shells open, an unexpected load is unlikely to occur on the grab bucket.

  A weight adjusting member can be accommodated in the pair of shells of the grab bucket and closed. Thereby, the pressing force to the ground by a weight can be enlarged.

  The weight of the weight can also be adjusted by changing at least one of the type or amount of the weight adjusting member. For example, leveling can be performed with an appropriate pressing force in accordance with the ground condition and the required ground strength.

  A housing part may be provided in the attachment, and the weight adjusting member may be housed in the housing part. Thereby, the pressing force to the ground can be increased.

  It is also possible to adjust the weight of the weight by changing at least one of the type or amount of the weight adjusting member accommodated in the accommodating portion. For example, leveling can be performed with an appropriate pressing force in accordance with the ground condition and the required ground strength.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the attachment for underwater ground leveling of this invention, and the grab bucket with which this attachment is mounted | worn by a front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the attachment for the underwater ground leveling of this invention, and the grab bucket with which this attachment is mounted | worn by a side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which attached the attachment to the grab bucket of FIG. 2 which accommodated the weight adjustment member inside a pair of shell by a side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the attachment and grab bucket of FIG. 3 by a front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which moved the upper block of FIG. 4 to the horizontal direction, and inclined the underwater ground leveling attachment and the grab bucket with respect to the horizontal. In the underwater ground leveling method of this invention, it is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which presses the underwater ground with a weight and is leveling. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which levels the undulation of the underwater ground by dragging a weight in the leveling method of the underwater ground of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the grab bucket equipped with the attachment for underwater ground leveling of another embodiment by a side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the grab bucket equipped with the attachment for underwater ground leveling of another embodiment by side view.

  Hereinafter, an underwater ground leveling method and an underwater ground leveling attachment of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, the X direction indicates the width direction of the grab bucket 2, the Y direction indicates the depth direction of the grab bucket 2 (opening / closing direction of the pair of shells 2 a), and the Z direction indicates the height direction of the grab bucket 2. Further, the center line C in the width direction of the grab bucket 2 is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  1 to 5, the underwater ground leveling attachment 3 (hereinafter, attachment 3) of the present invention is attached to a grab bucket 2 (hereinafter, bucket 2) and used as a weight 1 together with the bucket 2.

  An upper block 2b is provided on the upper end surface of the bucket 2 used in the present invention. A U-shaped part is coupled to the upper block 2b by a pin 2f so as to be rotatable in front view to which the suspension wire 2c is connected. An open / close sheave 2d is disposed below the upper block 2b. The open / close sheave 2d is suspended by an open / close wire 2e so as to be movable up and down.

  The upper ends of the pair of shells 2a are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the open / close sheave 2d via connecting members 2g. When the open / close sheave 2d moves downward, the respective shells 2a rotate about the rotation axes at both ends in the Y direction, and the pair of shells 2a are opened. As the opening / closing sheave 2d moves upward, the pair of shells 2a are closed.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4, the upper block 2 b is movable in the X direction (lateral direction), and is fixed to the upper end surface of the bucket 2 at the moved predetermined position. For example, fixing portions are provided on the upper end surface of the bucket 2 at appropriate intervals in the X direction, and the upper block 2b is fixed at the position of each fixing portion.

  When the bucket 2 is suspended by the suspension wire 2c in a state where the upper block 2b is fixed to the upper end surface of the bucket 2 at the position of the center line C, the lower surface of the bucket 2 becomes horizontal as illustrated in FIG. However, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the bucket 2 is suspended while the upper block 2 b is fixed to the upper end surface of the bucket 2 at a position shifted in the X direction with respect to the center line C, the bucket 2 The lower surface is inclined with respect to the horizontal. Therefore, the angle of the lower surface of the bucket 2 with respect to the horizontal can be changed according to the amount by which the upper block 2b is moved in the X direction with respect to the pair of shells 2a. Since the open / close sheave 2d is rotatably connected to the connecting member 2g by a pin extending in the Y direction, the bucket 2 is maintained as it is without being inclined even if the bucket 2 is inclined.

  The lower surface of the suspended bucket 2 is set at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal, for example, within a range up to 45 ° or within a range up to 30 °. In other words, the movement range in the X direction with respect to the pair of shells 2a of the upper block 2b is determined so that the lower surface of the bucket 2 can be set at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal.

  The attachment 3 includes an attachment portion 4 that is detachably connected to the lower end portion of the bucket 2 and a pressing portion 5 that is disposed below the attachment portion 4 and presses the surface of the underwater ground.

  The attachment portion 4 includes a mediating member 4 a interposed between the pair of shells 2 a and the pressing portion 5, and a connection member 4 b that connects the attachment 3 to the bucket 2.

  The mediating member 4a is a member that increases the contact area between the pair of shells 2a and the pressing portion 5 in order to stably fix them. The mediating member 4a may have a shape that matches the state of the pair of shells 2a when the attachment 3 is mounted. For example, when mounting the attachment 3 with the pair of shells 2a closed as in this embodiment, the upper end of the mediating member 4a is shaped to match the arc shape of the lower end of the outer wall of the pair of shells 2a. To do. Further, the intermediate member 4a may be formed to be larger than the dimensions of the pair of shells 2a in the X direction and the Y direction so that the entire periphery of the pair of shells 2a is wrapped with the intermediate member 4a.

  As the connection member 4b, for example, a metal wire with hooks at both ends can be used. The configuration, arrangement, and number of connecting members 4b can be determined as appropriate. In addition, an anchor or the like for connecting and fixing the connection member 4b can be provided in the bucket 2 as appropriate.

  The pressing part 5 is a metal plate-shaped member, for example. The size, shape, and weight of the pressing portion 5 are appropriately selected depending on the area to be pressed, the required pressing force, and the like. In this embodiment, the respective dimensions in the X direction and the Y direction are substantially the same as the maximum dimensions in the X direction and the Y direction when the pair of shells 2a of the bucket 2 are closed, and the bottom surface is flat. Is used as the pressing portion 5.

  A weight adjusting member 7 is accommodated in the pair of closed shells 2a. The weight adjusting member 7 is a member used for increasing and adjusting the weight of the weight 1. As the weight adjusting member 7, stone, earth and sand, or the like can be used. Although the weight adjusting member 7 is used in this embodiment, it may be used as necessary, and its use is arbitrary.

  A method of leveling the slope S of the underwater ground using this attachment 3 will be described below.

  First, a predetermined amount of stone, earth and sand around the construction site is scooped by the bucket 2 as the weight adjusting member 7, and is housed in a pair of shells 2a and closed. When a mound (ground) is formed in water by rubble, it is convenient to use the rubble as the weight adjustment member 7 because it is not necessary to prepare the weight adjustment member 7 specially.

  Next, the lower end of the bucket 2 moved downward is brought into contact with a predetermined position of the upper end of the mediating member 4a. Since the bucket 2 can be moved to an arbitrary position by the operation of the crane 8, it can be easily arranged on the intermediate member 4a. And the bucket 2 and the attachment 3 are connected by the connection member 4b, and the bucket 2 and the attachment 3 are integrated.

  When leveling the slope S, the upper block 2b is moved laterally to a predetermined position with respect to the pair of shells 2a according to the angle at which the slope S is desired to be fixed. Thereby, the lower surface of the attachment 3 (weight 1) attached to the suspended bucket 2, that is, the lower surface of the pressing portion 5 is set to a desired angle with respect to the horizontal. In this state, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the weight 1 suspended using the suspension wire 2 c by the crane 8 mounted on a work boat or the like is freely dropped.

  The lower surface of the pressing portion 5 of the weight 1 (attachment 3) that has dropped freely presses the slope S. The pressed slope S is leveled along the lower surface of the pressing portion 5. Therefore, if the lower surface of the pressing portion 5 is set to a predetermined inclination angle, the surface of the slope S is leveled so as to approach the inclination angle. The operation of lifting the weight 1 and freely dropping it is repeated a plurality of times, and the slope S is leveled over a wide range by gradually shifting and changing the pressing position.

  By changing and adjusting at least one of the type (density) or amount of the weight adjusting member 7 to be accommodated, the pressing force against the underwater ground by the weight 1 that has been freely dropped can be set to a desired pressing force. When the weight adjusting member 7 is unnecessary, the inside of the pair of shells 2a is emptied. The pressing force can also be changed by adjusting the drop height of the weight 1.

  When it is desired to change the angle of the lower surface of the weight 1 with respect to the horizontal, the position of the upper block 2b is moved laterally with respect to the pair of shells 2a.

  According to the present invention, when the angle of the lower surface of the attachment 3 with respect to the horizontal is appropriately set and the free fall is performed, the slope S can be pressed from the vertical direction. Therefore, the step generated on the slope S can be made smaller and smoother than the conventional method. In addition, since the attachment work of the attachment 3 and the angle setting of the lower surface thereof have only to be performed, a great number of man-hours are not required.

  Moreover, since the bucket 2 equipped with the attachment 3 can be used as the weight 1, it is not necessary to prepare the bucket 2 and the weight 1 separately. By attaching the attachment 3 to the work boat equipped with the bucket 2, after carrying out the rubble work using the bucket 2, the attachment 3 is attached to the bucket 2 and the work of leveling the underwater ground is continued. be able to.

  In this embodiment, since the attachment 3 is mounted with the pair of shells 2a closed, the attachment 3 can be mounted in contact with the outer walls of the pair of shells 2a. Therefore, the attachment 3 can be attached to the bucket 2 in a more stable state as compared with the case where the pair of shells 2a are attached in an open state. Moreover, since the size of the attachment 3 can be reduced as compared with the case where the pair of shells 2a are opened, the resistance of the water is reduced when it is freely dropped in water, and the underwater ground is pressed more strongly. Is possible.

  If the weight adjusting member 7 is accommodated inside the pair of shells 2a at the construction site and the weight of the bucket 2 is increased, it is not necessary to increase the weight of the attachment 3 in advance. Therefore, it is advantageous for reducing the weight of the attachment 3 and reducing the transportation cost.

  Further, since the weight of the weight 1 can be adjusted by changing at least one of the type and amount of the weight adjusting member 7 accommodated in the pair of shells 2a, for example, the ground condition and the required ground strength The pressing force can be set flexibly according to. Along with this, it is possible to perform leveling work with an appropriate pressing force at the construction site.

  In this embodiment, since the entire periphery of the pair of shells 2a is wrapped with the mediating member 4a, the attachment 3 is difficult to be displaced with respect to the bucket 2. Therefore, the weight 1 can be freely dropped many times without maintenance.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the undulations of rubble on the slope S can be roughly leveled by dragging the weight 1 along the slope S with the weight 1 in contact with the underwater ground. If the weight 1 is dragged before the weight 1 is freely dropped and pressed, the rubble can be pressed in a roughly leveled state, so that the surface of the slope S is finished more uniformly. Can do.

  In the present invention, the lower surface of the suspended attachment 3 can be set horizontally. Therefore, not only the slope S but also the horizontal plane (top edge) T can be leveled, so that it has high versatility.

  FIG. 8 illustrates a bucket 2 equipped with another attachment 3 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the accommodation part 6 which accommodates the weight adjustment member 7 in the attachment 3 illustrated in previous embodiment is provided.

  The accommodating portion 6 is a space that can accommodate the weight adjusting member 7 formed on the mediating member 4 a and / or the pressing portion 5 of the attachment portion 4. In this embodiment, the accommodation member 4a is disposed in the central portion of the attachment 3 with a hole formed in the central portion in plan view and a concave portion formed in the pressing portion 5 through the hole. Part 6 is configured. In addition, the accommodating part 6 can also be provided in several places.

  A method of leveling the slope S of the underwater ground using this attachment 3 will be described below.

  First, a predetermined amount of stone, earth and sand around the construction site is scooped by the bucket 2 as the weight adjusting member 7 and accommodated in the accommodating portion 6. Next, stones, earth and sand around the construction site are scooped by a predetermined amount by the bucket 2 as the weight adjusting member 7, accommodated inside the pair of shells 2, and closed. When a mound is formed in water with rubble, it is convenient to use the rubble as the weight adjustment member 7 because it is not necessary to prepare the weight adjustment member 7 in particular.

  Next, the lower end of the bucket 2 moved downward is brought into contact with a predetermined position of the upper end of the mediating member 4a. The process of attaching the attachment 3 to the subsequent bucket 2 and the process of free-falling the weight 1 are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  In this embodiment, since the weight of the attachment 3 can be increased by accommodating the weight adjusting member 7 in the accommodating portion 6 at the construction site, it is not necessary to increase the weight of the attachment 3 in advance. Therefore, it is advantageous for reducing the weight of the attachment 3 and reducing the transportation cost.

  Further, since the weight of the weight 1 can be adjusted by changing at least one of the type and amount of the weight adjusting member 7 accommodated in the accommodating portion 6, for example, according to the ground condition and the required ground strength. The pressing force can be set flexibly. Along with this, it is possible to perform leveling work with appropriate pressing force at the construction site.

  FIG. 9 illustrates a bucket 2 equipped with still another attachment 3 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the attachment 3 is attached to the bucket 2 with the pair of shells 2a opened. In this embodiment, the pair of shells 2a are fully opened.

  When the attachment 3 is attached to the bucket 2 with the pair of shells 2a opened, it is difficult to ensure the contact area between the attachment 3 and the pair of shells 2a compared to the state where the pair of shells 2a are closed. Therefore, in order to stably attach the attachment 3 to the bucket 2, it is preferable to form the mediating member 4a in accordance with the shape in a state where the pair of shells 2a are opened, and to increase the area that can contact the pair of shells 2a. . For example, a recess having an outer peripheral shape along the opening edge of the pair of shells 2a in an open state, or a groove part into which the opening edge is inserted is formed on the surface of the mediating member 4a.

  A method of leveling the slope S of the underwater ground using this attachment 3 will be described below.

  First, it arrange | positions so that the bucket 2 moved downward may be inserted in the predetermined position of the upper end part of the mediating member 4a in a state where the pair of shells 2a are opened. Specifically, with the opening edges of the pair of shells 2a in the open state inserted into the upper surface of the mediating member 4a, the mediating member 4a and the pair of shells are operated by slightly closing the pair of shells 2a. Engage 2a. The process of attaching the attachment 3 to the subsequent bucket 2 and the process of free-falling the weight 1 are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  In this embodiment, since the attachment 3 is mounted with the pair of shells 2a opened, the size of the attachment 3 can be easily increased as compared with the case where the pair of shells 2a are mounted closed. When the size of the attachment 3 is increased, a wider range of underwater ground can be pressed by one free fall.

  In addition, since the bucket 2 is originally designed on the assumption that it collides with the ground in a state where the pair of shells 2a are open, in this embodiment, it is difficult for the bucket 2 to generate an unexpected load. The housing portion 6 described above can also be provided for the attachment 3 of this embodiment.

1 Weight 2 Grab bucket 2a Shell 2b Upper block 2c Hanging wire 2d Opening and closing sheave 2e Opening and closing wire 2f Pin 2g Connecting member 3 Attachment for underwater ground leveling 4 Mounting portion 4a Mediating member 4b Connecting member 5 Pressing portion 6 Housing portion 7 Weight Adjustment member 8 Crane T Horizontal surface (top)
S Slope C Grab bucket width direction center line

Claims (7)

In the leveling method of the underwater ground that leveles the surface of the underwater ground into a predetermined shape by freely dropping the weight suspended from the crane and pressing the underwater ground,
A grab bucket equipped with a ground leveling attachment that can be attached to and detached from the lower end is used as the weight, and the upper block provided above the pair of shells is horizontally disposed with respect to the pair of shells constituting the grab bucket. By moving the pair of shells suspended from the crane, the lower surface of the attachment attached to the grab bucket is set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal, and the weight is moved in this state. A method of leveling the underwater ground characterized by allowing it to fall freely. In the leveling method of the underwater ground that leveles the surface of the underwater ground into a predetermined shape by freely dropping the weight suspended from the crane and pressing the underwater ground,
A grab bucket equipped with a ground leveling attachment that can be attached to and detached from the lower end is used as the weight, and the upper block provided above the pair of shells is horizontally disposed with respect to the pair of shells constituting the grab bucket. By moving the pair of shells suspended from the crane, the bottom surface of the attachment attached to the grab bucket in a closed state is set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal, and the pair of shells An underwater ground leveling method characterized in that a weight adjusting member held by closing the pair of shells is housed inside, and the weight is allowed to fall freely in this state.   The method for leveling an underwater ground according to claim 2, wherein the weight of the weight is adjusted by changing at least one of the type or amount of the weight adjusting member.   The leveling method of the underwater ground according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a housing portion is provided in the attachment, and a weight adjusting member is housed in the housing portion.   The method for leveling an underwater ground according to claim 4, wherein the weight of the weight is adjusted by changing at least one of the type or amount of the weight adjusting member accommodated in the accommodating portion. A grab that freely falls by setting an arbitrary angle with respect to the horizontal when suspended from a crane by horizontally moving the upper block provided above the pair of shells with respect to the pair of shells. An underwater ground leveling attachment that is detachably attached to a bucket,
A mounting portion detachably connected to a lower end portion of the grab bucket; and a pressing portion that is disposed below the mounting portion and presses the surface of the underwater ground, and the mounting is performed with the pair of shells open. And the attachment portion connected to the lower end of the grab bucket in a state where the pair of shells are opened, the grab bucket is suspended from the crane. When the lower block is lowered, the upper block is moved laterally with respect to the pair of shells, so that the lower surface of the pressing unit is set at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal, and the pressing unit and the pair of shells An underwater ground leveling attachment, wherein the pressing portion is fixed to and integrated with the pair of shells .   The underwater ground leveling attachment according to claim 6, wherein an accommodation portion for accommodating the weight adjusting member is provided.

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