JP6593729B1 - Separation equipment for mixture in liquid - Google Patents
Separation equipment for mixture in liquid Download PDFInfo
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- JP6593729B1 JP6593729B1 JP2018187577A JP2018187577A JP6593729B1 JP 6593729 B1 JP6593729 B1 JP 6593729B1 JP 2018187577 A JP2018187577 A JP 2018187577A JP 2018187577 A JP2018187577 A JP 2018187577A JP 6593729 B1 JP6593729 B1 JP 6593729B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
【課題】液体中に含まれる混合物を効果的に分離・除去するための、構造が簡単で保守・整備が容易という特性を持つ、液体中の混合物分離装置を提供する。【解決手段】混合物を含む液体中の混合物が沸点の違いにより分離される蒸発器（１）に流入する配管（７ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ）の途中に設置された流量制御弁である制御弁（２）と、この制御弁（２）に配管（７ｂ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（７ｃ）を介して接続される蒸発器（１）と、この蒸発器（１）に設置されたレベルセンサー（４）と、この蒸発器（１）に配管（８ａ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（８ｂ）を介して接続される真空ポンプ（５）と、この真空ポンプ（５）に配管（８ｃ）を介して接続される凝縮器（６）とから構成されることを特徴とする液体中の混合物分離装置。【選択図】図２An object of the present invention is to provide a device for separating a mixture in a liquid, which has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and maintain to effectively separate and remove the mixture contained in the liquid. A control valve (2) is a flow control valve installed in the middle of a pipe (7a, 7b, 7c) that flows into an evaporator (1) where a mixture in a liquid containing the mixture is separated due to a difference in boiling point. ), A heat exchanger (3) connected to the control valve (2) via a pipe (7b), and an evaporator (1) connected to the heat exchanger (3) via a pipe (7c) ), A level sensor (4) installed in the evaporator (1), a heat exchanger (3) connected to the evaporator (1) via a pipe (8a), and the heat exchanger ( 3) A vacuum pump (5) connected to the vacuum pump (8b) via a pipe (8b) and a condenser (6) connected to the vacuum pump (5) via a pipe (8c). A device for separating a mixture in a liquid. [Selection] Figure 2
Description
本発明は、減圧蒸留により、液体中に含まれる混合物を沸点の違いにより分離する装置に係わり、加熱装置を備える蒸発器と真空ポンプの間に熱交換器を配置することにより、気化された物質が保有する熱量及びその一部が凝縮する際の凝縮熱によって蒸発器に流入する混合物を含む液体を加熱することにより、蒸発器に設置された加熱装置が混合物を含む液体に供給する熱量を低減でき（省エネルギー効果）、蒸発器に設置されたレベルセンサーと混合物を含む液体が蒸発器に流入する配管の途中に設置された制御弁（２）とを連動させることにより、蒸発器内に留まる液体の量を制御できるとともに、混合物を含む液体を蒸発器内に流入させる際に動力を必要としない構造と機能を有する、構造が簡単で保守・整備が容易という特性を有する装置の提供に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating a mixture contained in a liquid by a difference in boiling points by distillation under reduced pressure, and a substance vaporized by disposing a heat exchanger between an evaporator equipped with a heating device and a vacuum pump. Reduces the amount of heat that the heating device installed in the evaporator supplies to the liquid containing the mixture by heating the liquid that contains the mixture flowing into the evaporator by the amount of heat held by the water and the heat of condensation when part of it condenses Possible (energy saving effect), the liquid staying in the evaporator by interlocking the level sensor installed in the evaporator and the control valve (2) installed in the middle of the pipe where the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator It has a structure and function that do not require power when the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator, and has the characteristics that the structure is simple and easy to maintain and maintain. That relates to the provision of equipment.
地球上においては液体中に様々な混合物が混在している状態が多く存在する。しかし、科学技術分野においては、汚水中の汚泥除去、油分に含まれる水分の除去など、源流体に含まれる混合物を除去して、出来るだけ原流体の純度を高める技術が求められている。そこで、近年では、遠心力を利用した遠心分離機による分離方法、慣性力を利用した分離方法、沈殿作用を利用した分離方法及びこれらの組み合わせによる方法や、さらに純度を高めるために液体を加熱することにより気化させてこれを凝縮させるという、液体中に含まれる混合物の沸点の違いにより分離する方法が用いられている。 On the earth, there are many states in which various mixtures are mixed in the liquid. However, in the field of science and technology, there is a demand for a technique for removing the mixture contained in the source fluid, such as removing sludge from the sewage and removing the water contained in the oil, and increasing the purity of the raw fluid as much as possible. Therefore, in recent years, a separation method using a centrifugal separator utilizing centrifugal force, a separation method utilizing an inertial force, a separation method utilizing a precipitation action, a method using a combination thereof, and heating a liquid to further increase the purity. The method of separating by the difference in the boiling point of the mixture contained in the liquid is used in which it is vaporized and condensed.
これらの方法のうち、例えば、特許文献１、２に記載されているように、遠心力、慣性力、重力、圧力差などの物理的手法のみを用いて混合物を分離・除去できるとの報告もあるが、源流体中に含まれる混合物を効果的に分離・除去する装置を実用化するためには、構造が簡単（加工が容易でかつ耐久性に優れている）で、保守・整備が容易（メインテナンスフリーに近い）という特性を必要とする。 Among these methods, for example, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is also a report that a mixture can be separated and removed using only physical methods such as centrifugal force, inertial force, gravity, and pressure difference. However, in order to put into practical use a device that effectively separates and removes the mixture contained in the source fluid, the structure is simple (easy to process and excellent in durability), and maintenance and maintenance are easy. (Near maintenance-free).
これに対し、例えば特許文献３、４に記載されているように、液体を減圧された容器内に入れこれを加熱して気化・凝縮して液体中の混合物から分離する方法がある。 On the other hand, as described in, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4, there is a method in which a liquid is placed in a decompressed container and heated to vaporize and condense and separate from a mixture in the liquid.
しかしながら、一般に、遠心力、慣性力、重力、圧力差などの物理的手法のみを用いて源流体中に含まれる混合物を分離・除去できる装置に、構造が簡単で保守・整備が容易という特性をもたせると、分離能力が低下するとともに、装置が大型化する可能性がある。
また、液体を減圧された容器内に入れこれを加熱して気化・凝縮して液体中の混合物から分離する方法を用いる場合、一般に、液体を蒸発器内に移送する際のポンプと蒸発器内を減圧するための真空ポンプを必要とするとともに、蒸発器内の液体をその沸点まで加熱するために供給する熱量と、蒸発器において気化された成分の温度を凝縮器内において凝固点まで下げるために熱量を放出させる装置を必要とする。また、蒸発器内に流入する液体の量を制御する装置を必要とする。
However, in general, a device that can separate and remove the mixture contained in the source fluid using only physical methods such as centrifugal force, inertial force, gravity, pressure difference, etc. has the characteristics of simple structure and easy maintenance and maintenance. If it is provided, the separation capability is lowered and the apparatus may be enlarged.
In addition, when using a method in which a liquid is put into a decompressed container and heated to vaporize and condense and separate from the mixture in the liquid, the pump and evaporator inside the liquid are generally transferred to the evaporator. In order to reduce the amount of heat supplied to heat the liquid in the evaporator to its boiling point and the temperature of the components vaporized in the evaporator to the freezing point in the condenser Requires a device that releases heat. In addition, a device for controlling the amount of liquid flowing into the evaporator is required.
そこで本発明は、流体中に含まれる混合物を加熱するために蒸発器に設置された加熱装置が混合物を含む液体に供給する熱量を低減し（省エネルギー化）、蒸発器に流入する混合物を含む液体が蒸発器に流入する配管の途中に制御弁（２）を設置することにより、蒸発器内に留まる混合物を含む液体の量の制御をレベルセンサーと制御弁（２）の連動という構造が簡単で信頼性・耐久性がある構造と機能を持つ装置のみで行わせるとともに、混合物を含む液体を蒸発器内に移送する際の動力（例えば移送ポンプ）を必要としない構造と機能を有する装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention reduces the amount of heat supplied to the liquid containing the mixture by the heating device installed in the evaporator in order to heat the mixture contained in the fluid (energy saving), and the liquid containing the mixture flowing into the evaporator By installing the control valve (2) in the middle of the pipe that flows into the evaporator, the structure of the interlocking of the level sensor and the control valve (2) is easy to control the amount of liquid containing the mixture remaining in the evaporator Providing a device with a structure and a function that does not require power (for example, a transfer pump) when transferring a liquid containing a mixture into an evaporator while performing it only with a device having a reliable and durable structure and function. The purpose is to do.
請求項１に記載の発明は、混合物を含む液体中の混合物が沸点の違いにより分離される蒸発器（１）に流入する配管（７ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ）の途中に設置された流量制御弁である制御弁（２）であって、前記混合物を含む液体が蒸発器（１）に流入してその量が設定値以上になると絞られ、前記混合物を含む液体の蒸発量に応じた量が蒸発器（１）内に流入するようにある開度を保つ前記制御弁（２）と、この制御弁（２）に配管（７ｂ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（７ｃ）を介して接続される蒸発器（１）と、この蒸発器（１）に設置されたレベルセンサー（４）と、この蒸発器（１）に配管（８ａ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（８ｂ）を介して接続される真空ポンプ（５）と、この真空ポンプ（５）に配管（８ｃ）を介して接続される凝縮器（６）とから構成されることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 is a flow control valve installed in the middle of a pipe (7a, 7b, 7c) that flows into an evaporator (1) in which a mixture in a liquid containing a mixture is separated due to a difference in boiling point. A control valve (2), which is throttled when the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator (1) and the amount exceeds a set value, and an amount corresponding to the evaporation amount of the liquid containing the mixture evaporates The control valve (2) maintaining a certain opening so as to flow into the vessel (1), a heat exchanger (3) connected to the control valve (2) via a pipe (7b), and the heat An evaporator (1) connected to the exchanger (3) via a pipe (7c), a level sensor (4) installed in the evaporator (1), and a pipe (8a ) And the vacuum connected to the heat exchanger (3) via the pipe (8b). A pump (5), characterized in that it is constructed from the condenser (6) connected through a pipe (8c) to the vacuum pump (5).
請求項２に記載の発明は、蒸発器内を負圧にするとともに、蒸発器に設置されたレベルセンサーと混合物を含む液体が蒸発器に流入する配管の途中に設置された流量制御弁である制御弁（２）を連動させることにより、蒸発器内に留まる混合物を含む液体の量を保持する機能を持たせるとともに、混合物を含む液体を蒸発器内に流入させる際に動力を必要としない構造と機能を有することを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 2 is a flow control valve installed in the middle of a pipe in which a liquid containing a level sensor and a mixture installed in the evaporator flows into the evaporator while making the inside of the evaporator have a negative pressure. By interlocking the control valve (2) , it has a function of maintaining the amount of liquid containing the mixture remaining in the evaporator and does not require power when the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator. And has a function.
請求項３に記載の発明は、液体中に含まれる混合物を沸点の違いにより分離する装置であって、蒸発器（１）内の圧力を任意の真空度に設定できる真空ポンプ（５）と、蒸発器（１）内の温度を任意に設定できる蒸発器（１）に設置された加熱装置とを備え、蒸発器（１）内の混合物を含む液体の圧力と温度をその液体が気化するのに最適な値に設定できることを特徴とする。 Invention of Claim 3 is an apparatus which isolate | separates the mixture contained in a liquid by the difference in boiling point, Comprising: The vacuum pump (5) which can set the pressure in an evaporator (1) to arbitrary vacuum degrees, A heating device installed in the evaporator (1) capable of arbitrarily setting the temperature in the evaporator (1), and the liquid vaporizes the pressure and temperature of the liquid containing the mixture in the evaporator (1). It is characterized in that it can be set to an optimal value.
請求項４に記載の発明は、液体中に含まれる混合物を沸点の違いにより分離する装置であって、蒸発器（１）と真空ポンプ（５）の間に熱交換器（３）を設置して、この熱交換器に、気化された成分が保有する熱量（潜熱と顕熱）を蒸発器に流入する混合物を含む液体に供給するという機能を持たせ、蒸発器に設置された加熱装置が混合物を含む液体に供給する熱量を低減するという効果（省エネルギー効果）を得ることができることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 4 is an apparatus for separating a mixture contained in a liquid according to a difference in boiling point, wherein a heat exchanger (3) is installed between the evaporator (1) and the vacuum pump (5). The heat exchanger has a function of supplying the amount of heat (latent heat and sensible heat) of the vaporized component to the liquid containing the mixture flowing into the evaporator, and a heating device installed in the evaporator It is characterized in that an effect (energy saving effect) of reducing the amount of heat supplied to the liquid containing the mixture can be obtained.
本発明は、液体中の混入物を沸点の差により分離する蔵置で、熱交換器を蒸発器と真空ポンプの間に設置することにより、気化した成分が保有する熱量を効果的に活用できる（省エネルギー効果）とともに、蒸発器に設置したレベルセンサーと液体が蒸発器に流入するための配管の途中に設置された制御弁（２）を連動させることにより、混合物を含む液体を蒸発器内に移送するための動力を必要としないという構造が簡単で、保守・整備が容易（メインテナンスフリーに近い）な液体中の混合物除去装置を提供することができる。 The present invention is a storage that separates contaminants in a liquid based on a difference in boiling points, and a heat exchanger installed between an evaporator and a vacuum pump can effectively utilize the amount of heat possessed by vaporized components ( In addition to energy saving effect, the liquid containing the mixture is transferred into the evaporator by linking the level sensor installed in the evaporator and the control valve (2) installed in the middle of the pipe for the liquid to flow into the evaporator. structure that does not require power to be simple, it is possible to maintain and maintenance to provide a mixed-removing device of easy (close to the maintenance-free) of liquid.
以下に、本発明に係る実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る流体に含まれる混合物の分離・除去装置の工程の一例を示したフローチャートである。
蒸発器内の混合物を含む液体は蒸発器に設置されたレベルセンサーにより検出される。
レベルセンサーにより蒸発器内の液体の量が設定値以下であることが検知されると、混合物を含む液体が蒸発器内に流入する配管の途中に設置された流量制御弁である制御弁（２）が開き、混合物を含む液体が蒸発器内に流入する。この時、蒸発器内は真空ポンプにより減圧され負圧になっているため、流体は圧力差により自然流入する。
制御弁を経た混合物を含む液体は熱交換器において加熱される。
加熱された混合物を含む液体は蒸発器に流入し、その量が設定値以上になると制御弁が絞られる。これにより、混合物を含む液体の蒸発量に応じた量が蒸発器内に流入し、制御弁はある開度を保つことになる。
蒸発器内に流入した混合物を含む液体は、蒸発器に設置された加熱装置により加熱されて、真空ポンプによる負圧と加熱装置による高温に対応した沸点において気化し、混紡物を含む液体は気体となって混合物と分離する。
気体となった成分は、熱交換器において蒸発器に供給される混合物を含む液体と熱交換を行い、温度が低下するとともに一部は凝縮して凝縮熱を放出することにより、比較的低温の混合物を含む液体に熱を供給して温度を上昇させる。
熱交換器を経た気体となった成分は真空ポンプを経て凝縮器に至り、冷却されることにより液化する。
一方、蒸発器において沸点に至らなかった成分（混合物）は蒸発器に留まり続けるため、これを蒸発器の外に排出する必要がある。その方法として、蒸発器に設置された加熱装置と真空ポンプの作動を停止することにより蒸発器内の圧力を正圧にした状態で、蒸発器の下部に設置された流出口を開くことにより、分離された成分は蒸発器の外に排出される。
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a process of a separation / removal device for a mixture contained in a fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid containing the mixture in the evaporator is detected by a level sensor installed in the evaporator.
When the level sensor detects that the amount of liquid in the evaporator is equal to or lower than the set value , a control valve (2) that is a flow control valve installed in the middle of the pipe through which the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator. ) Opens, and the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator. At this time, since the inside of the evaporator is reduced to a negative pressure by a vacuum pump, the fluid naturally flows in due to the pressure difference.
The liquid containing the mixture via the control valve is heated in the heat exchanger.
The liquid containing the heated mixture flows into the evaporator and the control valve is throttled when the amount exceeds the set value. As a result , an amount corresponding to the evaporation amount of the liquid containing the mixture flows into the evaporator, and the control valve maintains a certain opening.
The liquid containing the mixture flowing into the evaporator is heated by a heating device installed in the evaporator and vaporized at a boiling point corresponding to the negative pressure by the vacuum pump and the high temperature by the heating device. To separate from the mixture.
In the heat exchanger, the component that has become a gas exchanges heat with the liquid containing the mixture supplied to the evaporator. Heat is supplied to the liquid containing the mixture to raise the temperature.
The component which became the gas which passed through the heat exchanger reaches a condenser through a vacuum pump, and is liquefied by being cooled.
On the other hand, since the component (mixture) that has not reached the boiling point in the evaporator remains in the evaporator, it is necessary to discharge it to the outside of the evaporator. As a method, by opening the outlet installed in the lower part of the evaporator with the pressure in the evaporator set to a positive pressure by stopping the operation of the heating device and the vacuum pump installed in the evaporator, The separated components are discharged out of the evaporator.
図２は、本発明の実施の形態に係る流体に含まれる混合物の分離・除去装置の構成の一例を示したブロック線図である。液体の混合物除去装置は、混合物を含む液体中の混合物が沸点の違いにより分離される蒸発器（１）に流入する配管（７ａ，７ｂ，７ｃ）の途中に設置された流量制御弁である制御弁（２）と、この制御弁（２）に配管（７ｂ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（７ｃ）を介して接続される蒸発器（１）と、この蒸発器（１）に設置されたレベルセンサー（４）と、この蒸発器（１）に配管（８ａ）を介して接続される熱交換器（３）と、この熱交換器（３）に配管（８ｂ）を介して接続される真空ポンプ（５）と、この真空ポンプ（５）に配管（８ｃ）を介して接続される凝縮器（６）とから構成されている。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the separation / removal device for the mixture contained in the fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. The liquid mixture removing device is a flow control valve installed in the middle of the pipe (7a, 7b, 7c) that flows into the evaporator (1) where the mixture in the liquid containing the mixture is separated by the difference in boiling point. A valve (2), a heat exchanger (3) connected to the control valve (2) via a pipe (7b), and an evaporation connected to the heat exchanger (3) via a pipe (7c) An evaporator (1), a level sensor (4) installed in the evaporator (1), a heat exchanger (3) connected to the evaporator (1) via a pipe (8a), and the heat A vacuum pump (5) connected to the exchanger (3) via a pipe (8b), and a condenser (6) connected to the vacuum pump (5) via a pipe (8c). Yes.
図３は、本発明の実施の形態に係る液体に含まれる液体中の混合物分離装置の主要部である蒸発器の一例を示した概念図である。
流量制御弁である制御弁（２）により蒸発器に至る配管に流入した混合物を含む液体は、熱交換器により加熱された後、蒸発器下部に設置された流入口から蒸発器内に流入する。
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an evaporator which is a main part of the mixture separation device in the liquid contained in the liquid according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid containing the mixture flowing into the pipe leading to the evaporator by the control valve (2) which is a flow rate control valve is heated by the heat exchanger and then flows into the evaporator from the inlet provided at the lower part of the evaporator. .
蒸発器に流入した混合物を含む液体は、蒸発器に設置された加熱装置により加熱されて、真空ポンプによって設定された蒸発器内の圧力（負圧）に応じた温度において気化し、液体中に含まれる混合物と分離される。 The liquid containing the mixture flowing into the evaporator is heated by a heating device installed in the evaporator, and vaporized at a temperature corresponding to the pressure (negative pressure) in the evaporator set by the vacuum pump. Separated from contained mixture.
気化した成分は、真空ポンプにより吸引され、流出口１から流出し、熱交換器を経て凝縮器に至る。 The vaporized component is sucked by the vacuum pump, flows out from the outlet 1, and reaches the condenser through the heat exchanger.
沸点の差により分離され、蒸発器内に留まった成分（混合物）は蒸発器内に留まり続けるため、適時排出する必要がある。この方法の一つとして、真空ポンプと加熱器の作動を停止して蒸発器内が正圧に転じた後に、蒸発器の底部に設置された流出口２を開放することにより、蒸発器内に留まっていた成分（混合物）は容器外へ流出する。 The components (mixtures) separated by the difference in boiling points and staying in the evaporator continue to stay in the evaporator, and therefore need to be discharged in a timely manner. As one of the methods, after the operation of the vacuum pump and the heater is stopped and the inside of the evaporator is turned to a positive pressure, the outlet 2 installed at the bottom of the evaporator is opened to enter the evaporator. The remaining component (mixture) flows out of the container.
比較的密度差の小さな流体（混合物）は分離容器の上部に滞留するが、循環ポンプにより吸入されることにより容器外へ流出する。 A fluid (mixture) having a relatively small density difference stays in the upper part of the separation container, but flows out of the container by being sucked by the circulation pump.
これらの作用を連続的に行うことにより、混合物を含む流体は沸点の差により蒸発器において気化し、凝縮器において液化することにより、連続的に混合物と分離される。 By continuously performing these actions, the fluid containing the mixture is vaporized in the evaporator due to the difference in boiling point, and is continuously separated from the mixture by liquefying in the condenser.
本発明は、液体中に含まれる混合物を効果的に分離する場合に適用可能である。 The present invention is applicable when the mixture contained in the liquid is effectively separated.
（１）蒸発器
（２）制御弁
（３）熱交換器
（４）レベルゲージ
（５）真空ポンプ
（６）凝縮器
（７ａ）外部から制御弁に至る配管
（７ｂ）制御弁から熱交換器に至る配管
（７ｃ）熱交換器から蒸発器に至る配管
（８ａ）蒸発器から熱交換器に至る配管
（８ｂ）熱交換器から真空ポンプに至る配管
（８ｃ）真空ポンプから凝縮器に至る配管
(1) Evaporator (2) Control valve (3) Heat exchanger (4) Level gauge (5) Vacuum pump (6) Condenser (7a) Pipe from outside to control valve (7b) Control valve to heat exchanger (7c) piping from the heat exchanger to the evaporator (8a) piping from the evaporator to the heat exchanger (8b) piping from the heat exchanger to the vacuum pump (8c) piping from the vacuum pump to the condenser
Claims (4)
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| JP2018187577A JP6593729B1 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2018-10-02 | Separation equipment for mixture in liquid |
| PCT/JP2019/038754 WO2020071367A1 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2019-10-01 | Device for separating mixture in liquid |
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