TWI422528B - Solar vacuum desalinator for sea water - Google Patents

Description

Solar vacuum desalination

The invention relates to a solar vacuum seawater desiccator, in particular to a method for extracting seawater by using a vacuum, and then distilling seawater by the temperature of the solar hot water to separate water and salt in the seawater to achieve desalination effect. The concept of environmental protection that makes good use of resources is an innovative application.

According to the general seawater desalination device, it is announced in the new patent case of "Seawater Desalination Device" announced by China's Announcement No. 311588 on July 21, 1986. The device uses the engine exhaust pipe and the generator engine exhaust pipe to cooperate with a condensation. The device comprises a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet and a distillation inlet, and a condenser is arranged inside; the main engine exhaust pipe and the generator engine row The periphery of the trachea is surrounded by a metal plate to form an evaporation device, and the inside of the metal plate is separated by a partition plate between the main engine exhaust pipe and the generator engine exhaust pipe, so that the main engine exhaust pipe is sealed. a steam chamber in a state, and the exhaust pipe of the generator engine corresponds to a constant temperature chamber; further, the upper end surface of the steam chamber is provided with an inlet pipe and a steam pipe, wherein one end of the inlet pipe extends into the steam chamber and corresponds to the exhaust of the main engine The other end is connected to the distillation inlet of the condensing device, and the steam pipe is connected to one end of the condensing pipe of the condensing device.

The steam chamber disclosed in the new patent case evaporates water by the heat of the main engine exhaust pipe, and the amount of steam generated is not high and has the disadvantage of low evaporation efficiency. In addition, one end of the inlet pipe extends into the steam chamber and corresponds to the exhaust pipe of the main engine, and the other end is connected to the distillation inlet of the condensing device, and most of the steam does not enter the steam pipe from the steam chamber to cause condensation to flow back into the steam chamber. Therefore, it has a drawback that it is impossible to collect distilled water surely. Furthermore, the process of desalination of the device is carried out under normal pressure. Since the boiling point of water at normal pressure is 100 ° C and seawater The boiling point is similar but slightly higher. When the distillation is carried out at this high temperature, not only the energy consumption for the temperature increase but also the heat exchange capacity during the condensation process is required to increase the energy consumption of the condensing device. Therefore, the cost per unit of water production will increase.

Announcement No. 562917 "Steam Centralized Distillation System" is used to reduce the boiling point under the normal pressure of the above structure, so as to lower the boiling point by means of decompression, and the distillation process can be carried out at a lower temperature. Less heat can achieve liquid distillation, and the normal pressure state is used to greatly improve efficiency.

In view of this, the inventors have been researching and improving the existing seawater desalination equipment with steam principle and concept to provide a solar vacuum desalination device to achieve the rich design and development experience and practical experience of the relevant industry for many years. The desalination design is designed to have a better practical value.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a seawater desalination effect by using natural resources to generate heat energy and circulating heating to distill the seawater to separate the water and salt in the seawater, thereby achieving the use of resources. The concept of environmental protection is the purpose.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solar vacuum seawater desiccator, which has the following features and functions: it mainly uses a vacuum to introduce seawater, and then distills seawater by the temperature of solar hot water to make water and salt in the seawater. The separation is carried out to achieve the effect of seawater desalination, wherein a substrate is provided, and a heating layer, an evaporation layer and a cooling layer are separated in the base body, and the solar water is circulated in the heating layer, and is located in the evaporation layer by passing through the heating layer. The superheated pipe of the layer transfers the hot temperature to heat the seawater, and the steam boiling water of the seawater contacts the ultra-cold pipe of the cooling layer, and is distilled to form fresh water and collects and discharges in sections, and the bottom of the heating layer is provided with a row of discharged salt. Salt pipe We use natural solar energy resources to carry out vacuum desalination and achieve the goal of making good use of resources.

The solar vacuum seawater desiccator of the present invention further comprises a funnel-shaped annular baffle in the heating layer of the base body, and the heating layer is provided with a superheat pipe passing through the annular baffle of the heating layer, thereby heating the seawater by hot water to be distilled. Desalination, and at the bottom of the ring separator, the salt deposit is guided by the recovery pipeline, and the first and second diaphragm valves are arranged on the pipeline to utilize the two-stage valve design to recover salt while preventing external air. Infiltrated into the interior of the substrate to ensure a vacuum condition.

The solar vacuum desalination device of the present invention further comprises a cooling device in the base cooling layer, the cooling device comprises a plurality of heat dissipating fins disposed on the V-shaped cooling plate of the cooling layer, and the plurality of super cooling elements are arranged on the heat dissipating fins The conduit, whereby the gas that has evaporated from the seawater is cooled and condensed to collect the water droplets.

The solar vacuum desalination device of the invention further comprises a tank for supporting desalinated water under the cooling plate, the tank has a high and low design, so that the water flows to a low place, and then is controlled to be discharged by a magnetic valve switch, and the system is provided with The first and second sections of the magnetic valve switch utilize a two-stage switch design to prevent external air from penetrating into the interior of the substrate to ensure a vacuum condition.

The solar vacuum desalination device of the invention further comprises a heat storage water storage bucket, wherein the heat preservation water storage bucket is arranged to enter and enter the circulation pipe to correspond to the solar panel equipment, and the hot water in the heat preservation water storage bucket is introduced into the heating body by using a power pump. The layer is further provided with a lead-out tube connected to the heat-insulating water storage tank to achieve the circulation effect of the solar water heating.

The solar vacuum desalination device of the invention further comprises a pressure gauge on the evaporation layer of the base body, and the pressure gauge is connected to a vacuum extraction device to correspondingly extract the space of the evaporation layer to form a vacuum state, and at the same time, a seawater introduction tube is arranged in the evaporation layer. a plurality of through holes in the wall to introduce seawater into the evaporation layer and in the seawater A control valve is provided on the inlet pipe.

For a more complete and clear disclosure of the technical means, the object of the invention and the effect of the present invention, the following detailed description, and the accompanying drawings,

First, please refer to the first to second figures, the present invention provides a schematic diagram of a solar vacuum desalination device, which mainly uses a vacuum to introduce seawater, and then uses the temperature of the solar hot water to distill the seawater into the seawater. Separating water and salt to achieve seawater desalination, comprising: a substrate (1), which is a main frame composed of a heating layer (11), an evaporation layer (12) and a cooling layer (13), the heating layer (11) is provided with a heat chamber (111), and a plurality of superheated tubes (112) are provided in the heat chamber (111) correspondingly, and a funnel is arranged on the superheat tube (112). a ring spacer (113), and an evaporation layer (12) is disposed above the heating layer (11), and a cooling layer (13) is disposed above the evaporation layer (12), and a V shape is disposed at the bottom of the cooling layer (13). a cooling plate (131); a seawater introduction unit (2) corresponding to the evaporation layer (12) of the base body (1), mainly provided with a seawater introduction pipe (21) having a plurality of through holes for introducing seawater (211), wherein seawater can be introduced into the evaporation layer (12) of the substrate (1), and a water inlet control valve (22) is further disposed on the seawater introduction pipe (21). a vacuum extraction device (3) is connected to the evaporation layer (12) of the substrate (1), and is provided with a pressure gauge (31) corresponding to the pressure of the vacuum state inside the evaporation layer (12); The hot water circulation mechanism (4) is provided with a heating layer (11) connected to the base body (1), and is mainly provided with a heat storage water tank (41), the heat preservation The water storage tank (41) is provided with an outlet pipe (42) and (43) corresponding to a solar panel device (44) for introducing the hot water generated by the solar panel device (44) into the heat storage bucket ( 41), the insulated water storage tank (41) is coupled to a power pump (45) for introducing hot water in the barrel into the heat chamber (111) of the heating layer (11) of the base body (1), via the super The heat pipe (112) transfers heat energy to the evaporation layer (12) to heat and evaporate the seawater in the evaporation layer (12), and continues to be connected to the heat storage water tank (41) by the heat capacity chamber (111). Circulating hot water; a cooling device (5) corresponding to a V-shaped cooling plate (131) disposed on the cooling layer (13) of the base body (1), and a plurality of heat dissipating fins on the V-shaped cooling plate (131) (51), and a plurality of ultra-cold conduits (52) are disposed on the heat dissipation fins (51) to transfer the low temperature to the V-shaped cooling plate (131), and the vapor is condensed into a water droplet on the V-shaped cooling plate (131). a fresh water collecting unit (6) correspondingly disposed in the evaporation layer (12) of the base body (1) and corresponding to the cooling plate (131) of the cooling layer (13), which is provided with a tank for supporting the dripping water droplets (61), the trough (61) has a high and low design to allow water The lower part flows into the pipeline (62), and the first section and the second section of the magnetic valve switches (63) and (65) are arranged on the pipeline (62), and a cavity (64) is arranged between the two magnetic valve switches. Desalination water derived from the first stage magnetic valve switch (63); a salt recovery unit (7) attached to the bottom of the funnel-shaped annular partition (113) of the evaporation layer (12) A recovery line (71) is connected to the recovery line (71) for preventing external air from penetrating into the first and second diaphragm valves (72), (73).

Please refer to the first to fourth figures together. In use, first, the substrate (1) is used to evacuate the evaporation layer (12) of the substrate (1) by means of a vacuum extraction device (3). The air is extracted to form a vacuum state, and the pressure of the vacuum state of the evaporation layer (12) is sensed by the pressure gauge. When the evaporation layer (12) is in a vacuum negative state, the seawater is introduced into the seawater of the unit (2). The introduction pipe (21) draws in seawater, and the seawater is injected from the evaporation layer (12) through the through hole (211) in the pipe wall, and is carried over the funnel-shaped annular partition (113), which is introduced into the seawater. The amount of water entering is controlled by the control valve (22); then, the hot water in the solar hot water circulation mechanism (4) is introduced into the heat chamber (111) of the heating layer (11) of the substrate (1), that is, via solar energy. The hot water generated by the plate device (44) is introduced into the insulated water storage tank (41) from the outlet pipe (42), and the heat storage water tank (41) is connected to a power pump (45) (which can be a pumping pump). The heat capacity of the hot water (11) of the base body (1) is introduced into the heat chamber (111) of the heating layer (11), and the heat energy of the hot water is transferred to the evaporation layer (12) via the superheat pipe (112) to separate the ring. The seawater above the plate (113) is heated and evaporated, and the dewatering hot water is continuously guided back to the heat preservation storage bucket (41) by the outlet pipe (46) of the heat capacity chamber (111), and then the water pipe is taken by the circulation pipe (43). Back to solar panels Preparing (44) heating to keep the hot water circulating; continuing, the superheating conduit (46) in the heating layer (11) heats the seawater by the hot water in the solar hot water circulation mechanism (4), causing it to evaporate and leave Salt, and when the vapor rises to the cooling layer (13), the low temperature is transmitted to the V-shaped cooling plate (131) by the ultra-cold conduit (52) in the cooling device (5), and the vapor is allowed to flow to the V-shaped cooling plate (131). Condensed into water droplets, and the temperature of the vapor can also be derived by the fins (51) and simultaneously cooled by the supercooling duct (52); successively, the desalinated water droplets condensed on the V-shaped cooling plate (131), via fresh water The tank (61) of the collecting unit (6) is received, and the tank (61) is designed to let the water flow into the pipeline (62) at a low position, and at this time, the first section of the magnetic valve switch (63) is opened. And closing the second section of the magnetic valve switch (65), the water flows into the pocket (64), When the capacity of the tank (64) is full, the second section of the magnetic valve switch (65) is opened, and the first section of the magnetic valve switch (63) is closed to prevent external air from penetrating into the interior of the base (1) to ensure evaporation. The vacuum state of the layer (12); in addition, the salt precipitated at the bottom end of the ring separator (113) of the heating layer (11) is derived by the recovery line (71) of the salt recovery unit (7). And using the two-stage valve design, that is, when the first diaphragm valve (72) is opened, the second diaphragm valve (73) is closed to allow the thick substance having the salt particles to be introduced into the recovery line (71), and then opened again. The second diaphragm valve (73) closes the first diaphragm valve (72) to discharge the thick salt particles, thereby preventing external air from penetrating into the interior of the base body (1) to ensure the vacuum state of the evaporation layer (12). By.

Furthermore, please refer to the fifth figure, the operation of all the equipment in the present invention, such as controlling the opening and closing of the power pump (45), the control valve (22) for introducing the amount of seawater, and the vacuum extraction device (3). The opening and closing operations of the opening and closing, the magnetic valve switch and the diaphragm valve are controlled and supplied by a control unit (8), and the power supply mode can be a solar power supply or a general utility supplier.

The above is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It is intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the expected use efficiency, and the specific structure disclosed therein has not been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before the application, and has completely complied with the provisions of the Patent Law. And the request, the application for the invention of a patent in accordance with the law, please forgive the review, and grant the patent, it is really sensible.

(1) ‧ ‧ base

(11) ‧‧‧heating layer

(111)‧‧‧Thermal room

(112)‧‧‧Superheated catheter

(113)‧‧‧ Ring partition

(12)‧‧‧Evaporation layer

(13) ‧‧‧Cooling layer

(131)‧‧‧Cooling plate

(2) ‧‧‧sea water introduction unit

(21)‧‧‧Seawater introduction tube

(211)‧‧‧through holes

(22)‧‧‧Control valve

(3) ‧‧‧vacuum extraction equipment

(31)‧‧‧ Pressure gauge

(4) ‧‧‧Solar hot water circulation mechanism

(41) ‧ ‧ insulated storage bucket

(42) ‧ ‧ out of the loop

(43)‧‧‧Into the circulation pipe

(44)‧‧‧ solar panel equipment

(45) ‧‧‧Power Pump

(46)‧‧‧Extraction tube

(5) ‧‧‧Cooling equipment

(51)‧‧‧Heat fins

(52) ‧‧‧Supercooled catheter

(6) ‧‧‧ Freshwater collection unit

(61) ‧‧‧

(62) ‧‧‧pipes

(63)‧‧‧The first stage of the magnetic valve switch

(64) ‧‧‧ 容容

(65)‧‧‧Second section magnetic valve switch

(7) ‧‧‧Salt recovery unit

(71)‧‧‧Recycling pipeline

(72)‧‧‧First Diaphragm Valve

(73)‧‧‧Second diaphragm valve

(8) ‧‧‧Control unit

First Figure: Overall schematic of the present invention

Second picture: schematic diagram of the action of the present invention

Third: a partial enlarged schematic view of the cooling device of the present invention

Fourth: a partial enlarged view of the fresh water collecting unit of the present invention

Figure 5: The control power supply block diagram of the present invention

(1) ‧ ‧ base

(11) ‧‧‧heating layer

(111)‧‧‧Thermal room

(112)‧‧‧Superheated catheter

(113)‧‧‧ Ring partition

(12)‧‧‧Evaporation layer

(13) ‧‧‧Cooling layer

(131)‧‧‧Cooling plate

(2) ‧‧‧sea water introduction unit

(21)‧‧‧Seawater introduction tube

(211)‧‧‧through holes

(22)‧‧‧Control valve

(3) ‧‧‧vacuum extraction equipment

(31)‧‧‧ Pressure gauge

(4) ‧‧‧Solar hot water circulation mechanism

(41) ‧ ‧ insulated storage bucket

(42) ‧ ‧ out of the loop

(43)‧‧‧Into the circulation pipe

(44)‧‧‧ solar panel equipment

(45) ‧‧‧Power Pump

(46)‧‧‧Extraction tube

(5) ‧‧‧Cooling equipment

(51)‧‧‧Heat fins

(52) ‧‧‧Supercooled catheter

(6) ‧‧‧ Freshwater collection unit

(61) ‧‧‧

(62) ‧‧‧pipes

(63)‧‧‧The first stage of the magnetic valve switch

(64) ‧‧‧ 容容

(65)‧‧‧Second section magnetic valve switch

(7) ‧‧‧Salt recovery unit

(71)‧‧‧Recycling pipeline

(72)‧‧‧First Diaphragm Valve

(73)‧‧‧Second diaphragm valve

Claims (7)

The utility model relates to a solar vacuum seawater desiccator, which mainly uses a vacuum to introduce seawater, and then distills seawater by the temperature of solar hot water to separate water and salt in the seawater to achieve desalination, which comprises: a matrix ( 1) is a main frame body composed of a heating layer (11), an evaporation layer (12) and a cooling layer (13), wherein the heating layer (11) is provided with a heat chamber (111), and the heat chamber A plurality of superheated conduits (112) are disposed in the (111), and a ring spacer (113) is disposed on the superheated conduit (112), and an evaporation layer is disposed above the heating layer (11). 12), and a cooling layer (13) is disposed above the evaporation layer (12), and a cooling plate (131) is disposed at the bottom of the cooling layer (13); a seawater introduction unit (2) is correspondingly disposed on the substrate (1) The evaporation layer (12) is mainly provided with a seawater introduction pipe (21) having a plurality of through holes (211) for introducing seawater to introduce seawater into the evaporation layer (12) of the substrate (1). The seawater inlet pipe (21) is further provided with a water inlet control valve (22); a vacuum pumping device (3) is correspondingly connected to the evaporation layer (12) of the base body (1), and is provided with The pressure gauge (31) corresponds to the pressure of the vacuum state inside the evaporation layer (12); a solar water circulation mechanism (4) is provided correspondingly to the heating layer (11) connected to the substrate (1), which is mainly provided with a a heat storage water tank (41), the heat storage water tank (41) is provided with an outlet pipe (42), (43) corresponding to a solar panel device (44) to be produced by the solar panel device (44) The hot water circulation is introduced into the insulated water storage tank (41), and the insulated water storage tank (41) is connected to a power pump (45) to be The hot water in the tub is introduced into the heat chamber (111) of the heating layer (11) of the substrate (1), and the heat energy is transferred to the evaporation layer (12) via the superheat conduit (112) to transfer the seawater in the evaporation layer (12). Heating and evaporating, the heat capacity chamber (111) is provided with a discharge pipe (46) connected to the heat preservation water storage tank (41) to circulate hot water; a cooling device (5) is correspondingly disposed on the base body (1) cooling layer (13) On the cooling plate (131), a plurality of heat dissipating fins (51) are disposed on the cooling plate (131), and a plurality of super-cooling ducts (52) are disposed on the heat dissipating fins (51) to transmit the low temperature to Cooling the plate (131), and letting the vapor condense into water droplets on the cooling plate (131); a fresh water collecting unit (6) correspondingly disposed in the evaporation layer (12) of the substrate (1) and corresponding to the cooling layer (13) Below the cooling plate (131), there is a tank (61) for supporting the dripping water droplets. The tank (61) has a high and low design to allow water to flow into the pipeline (62) at a low point in the pipeline (62). The first segment and the second segment of the magnetic valve switch (63), (65) are disposed, and a cavity (64) is disposed between the two magnetic valve switches to receive the first segment of the magnetic valve switch (63) Desalination water; a salt recovery unit (7), which is attached to the evaporation layer (12) The bottom portion of the annular separator (113) is connected to a recovery line (71), and the recovery line (71) is provided with a means for preventing external air from penetrating into the first and second diaphragm valves (72), 73). The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 1, wherein the annular partition (113) provided on the heating layer (11) is a funnel. The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 1, wherein the power pump (45) is a pumping pump. The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 1, wherein the cooling plate (131) in the cooling layer (13) is a V-shaped designer. The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 1, wherein the control unit (8) controls the power pump (45) to open and close, the seawater introduction control valve (22), and the vacuum extraction device (3) The opening and closing operation of the opening and closing, the magnetic valve switch and the diaphragm valve, and simultaneously supplying electric power. The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 5, wherein the control unit (8) adopts a solar power supply mode. The solar vacuum seawater desiccator according to claim 5, wherein the control unit (8) adopts a commercial power supply mode.