CN114538550B - Solar sea water desalting device of vacuumizing device - Google Patents
Solar sea water desalting device of vacuumizing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114538550B CN114538550B CN202110757241.0A CN202110757241A CN114538550B CN 114538550 B CN114538550 B CN 114538550B CN 202110757241 A CN202110757241 A CN 202110757241A CN 114538550 B CN114538550 B CN 114538550B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- wall
- evaporation
- flue gas
- solenoid valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 ground Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solar seawater desalination device which comprises an evaporation area and a water storage tank, wherein seawater is evaporated in the evaporation area, and vapor formed after evaporation is condensed to form fresh water which enters the water storage tank for storage. The invention designs a loop heat pipe solar heat collector with a novel structure, and the vacuum pump is used for realizing the vacuumizing treatment of the inside of the device; the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area is controlled by an electromagnetic valve; and detecting the vacuum degree in the pipeline by using a pressure vacuum sensor, thereby judging the vacuum pumping process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a solar seawater desalination system.
Background
With the rapid development of modern society economy, the demand of human beings for energy is increasing. However, the traditional energy reserves of coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like are continuously reduced and increasingly scarce, so that the price is continuously increased, and the environmental pollution problem caused by the conventional fossil fuel is also more serious, which greatly limits the social development and the improvement of the quality of life of human beings. The energy problem has become one of the most prominent problems in the contemporary world. Thus, the search for new energy sources, especially clean energy sources without pollution, has become a hot spot of current research.
Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy, and has huge resource quantity, and the total amount of solar radiation energy collected by the earth surface every year is 1 multiplied by 10 18 kW.h, which is tens of thousands of times the total energy consumption in the world. The use of solar energy has been an important item in the development of new energy sources in countries around the world, wherein the use of solar energy is particularly prominent. However, since solar radiation reaches the earth with a small energy density (about one kw per square meter) and is discontinuous, this presents a difficulty for large-scale exploitation and utilization. Therefore, in order to widely utilize solar energy, not only technical problems are solved, but also economy must be competitive with conventional energy sources.
Fresh water resource shortage and increasing demand have become a very important issue for human beings in the last century, and thus, it is necessary to obtain fresh water resources from alternative resources such as waste water, salt water, ground, sea water, etc. Since 97% of water on the earth is sea water, the sea water desalination technology has a very promising application prospect in solving the problem. The commercial solar sea water desalination mode which is common at present has a complex structure and serious consumption of high-grade energy.
Based on the universality and indiscriminate nature of solar energy distribution, the solar distiller can provide a solution for water shortage in remote and arid areas; meanwhile, the module scale industrialization can be realized. The solar distiller has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, available local materials, low maintenance cost and the like. However, due to the long water production time and low efficiency of the solar distiller, the daily production capacity is about 2-3L/m 2 The thermal efficiency is about 30%, so a solar still is not generally used. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for further improvements or modifications to better achieve efficient use of solar energy to drive water evaporation and accelerate condensation to meet the demands of modern clean potable water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination device which can reduce the cost and effectively utilize solar energy.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a solar desalination plant, comprising: the solar energy cover, the inner wall bottom of solar energy cover has the fresh water collecting vat, be provided with the fresh water delivery port in the fresh water collecting vat, the fresh water delivery port links to each other with the fresh water bin.
The utility model provides a solar energy sea water desalination device, includes evaporation zone and storage water tank, and the sea water evaporates in the evaporation zone, and the steam that forms after the evaporation condenses and forms fresh water and get into the storage water tank and store, a serial communication port, including vacuum environment control module, vacuum environment control module includes solenoid valve 5, pressure vacuum sensor, solenoid valve 7, solenoid valve 3, evacuating device passes through solenoid valve 5 and solenoid valve 7 and connects the evaporation zone, and the storage water tank is connected to the pipeline between solenoid valve 5 and solenoid valve 7 on, sets up solenoid valve 3 on the pipeline between storage water tank and solenoid valve 5, the solenoid valve 7, and pressure vacuum sensor connects the evaporation zone for detect the vacuum degree in evaporation zone.
Preferably, before the device is operated, the solenoid valves 3, 6 are closed, the solenoid valves 5, 7 are opened, and the evaporation zone is evacuated by the evacuation device.
Preferably, in operation, the solenoid valve 5 is closed and the solenoid valves 7, 3 are opened so that condensate is continuously discharged into the water storage tank. When the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor does not meet the requirement, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, and the vacuumizing device performs vacuumizing operation. When the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor reaches the requirement, the electromagnetic valve 5 is closed, and the vacuumizing device stops vacuumizing operation.
Preferably, before the device is operated, the solenoid valves 7, 6 are closed, the solenoid valves 3, 5 are opened, and the tank is evacuated by the evacuation device.
The solar energy cover, the inner wall bottom of solar energy cover has the fresh water collecting vat, be provided with the fresh water delivery port in the fresh water collecting vat, the fresh water delivery port links to each other with the fresh water bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, under a vacuum condition, the generated heat rapidly turns water into water vapor, the water vapor is condensed and purified to reach the drinking standard, after an operation requiring waste water discharge, the waste water is emptied through the air blower, the intelligent switching function of seawater fresh water and waste water discharge is realized, the waste water discharge is further promoted, and the descaling effect of an evaporation area is realized through air blowing.
2. The organic glass cover in the evaporation area of the core area of the device adopts a hemispherical double-layer internal vacuumizing design, and the advantage of adopting the design is that the temperature in the evaporation cover can be kept, and the evaporation efficiency of water is improved.
3. Before the evaporation operation, the thin film evaporation unit of the device is vacuumized, so that the air pressure in the unit is reduced, and the boiling point of water is reduced. The vacuum evaporation principle is used to further raise the evaporation rate of water.
4. The hemispherical double-layer organic glass cover top end, the water supplementing tank top end and the pipeline in front of the electromagnetic valve 7 for vacuumizing the evaporation area and discharging condensed water are connected by a transparent hose.
5. The device collects water vapor by using a transparent hose through the top end of a hemispherical double-layer organic glass cover, the top end of a water supplementing tank and a pipeline in front of a solenoid valve 7 for vacuumizing an evaporation area and discharging condensed water; the condensed water is collected by utilizing the pipeline for receiving the condensed water of the drainage ring, and the advantage is that the gas-liquid two-phase multiple collection is realized.
6. The PDMS film is stuck on the innermost side of the double-layer organic glass cover, and rectangular micro-channels with the width and depth of 0.5mm are etched on the film, so that the water drop merging speed is increased, the surface space is favorably released, the water vapor is favorably condensed further, the surface heat exchange coefficient is high, the continuous condensation of the water vapor is ensured, the surface flow resistance is small, the drop sliding and removing are favorably realized, and the water intake is improved.
7. By adopting the nano porous graphene oxide film, the porous graphene not only maintains the excellent properties of graphene, but also promotes the improvement of the material transportation efficiency compared with the inert graphene surface due to the existence of pores. Meanwhile, the flexibility and cost of the graphene oxide are more potential advantages than those of single-layer graphene. The unique properties of graphene oxide thin films make them the best candidate for filtration or desalination applications. The porous graphene oxide film has the advantages, and is an excellent novel water purifying material integrating high efficiency and energy saving.
8. The light energy evaporation film is adopted, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the efficiency is high. The graphene oxide is used as a high-efficiency stable photo-thermal conversion material, and has the advantage of converting low-grade and discontinuous dispersion solar energy into high-grade heat energy so as to utilize the solar energy to the maximum extent. The device can fully absorb heat generated by solar energy, quickly change water into water vapor, and realize separation of liquid phase and gas phase so as to achieve the effect of purifying water.
The PLC control system is divided into an automatic control mode and a manual control mode, and has the advantages that the PLC control system can meet the simple and convenient full-automatic operation requirement in normal operation, can manually adjust and operate according to special working conditions and special requirements, and is very concise and easy to operate.
10. The device is small in size and convenient to carry, the whole volume is 800 x 500 mm, the occupied area is about 0.4 square meter, and the device can be widely applied and comprises long-distance operation on a ship.
11. The device consumes 2.056 degrees of electricity daily under the whole-day running condition. When the solar panel is used for supplying power to the device, an external power supply is not needed. The unit water production price of the device is 1-3 yuan cheaper than other products in the market.
12. The waste heat of the flue gas on the ship is fully utilized to heat the water supplementing tank, so that the full utilization of heat energy is realized.
13. The utility model provides a novel samming device through set up the drainage board in the flue gas intraductal for gaseous partly along the drainage board flow guide to opposite direction, with the gaseous intensive mixing of opposite direction entering, thereby realize gaseous temperature uniformity, with the realization needs of further heat transfer, improvement product life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main components of a solar desalination plant
FIGS. 2-1,2-2,2-3 are internal construction diagrams of the solar energy sea water desalination system
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thin film evaporation unit
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a thin film evaporation unit according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the appearance of the organic glass cover of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a die assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a condensate drain ring structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an axial cut-away view of a smoke tube provided drainage plate of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the dimensions of the smoke tube setup drainage plate of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of 1 drainage plate per layer.
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of 3 drainage plates per layer.
Fig. 12 is a product physical diagram of the solar sea water desalination device.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the main components of the actual product of the device. As shown in fig. 1, seawater passes through a connector 3, is treated by a pretreatment filter element, enters a water supplementing tank through a water pump 2, then enters an evaporation area through the water supplementing tank, is evaporated in the evaporation area, and vapor formed after evaporation is condensed to form fresh water to enter a water storage tank for storage. Fresh water passes through the water pump 1, is filtered by the post-treatment filter element, and is utilized through the joint 4. The waste brine of the evaporation zone is discharged into a waste water collecting device.
Preferably, an electromagnetic valve 1 is arranged between the water pump 2 and the water supplementing tank, and the electromagnetic valve 1 is used for passing through. The water supplementing tank is arranged on the upper part of the water pump, and the electromagnetic valve 1 is arranged to prevent water which enters the water supplementing tank from reversely flowing back downwards to the water pump under the action of gravity, so that the pressure born by the water pump impeller is reduced, and the service life of the water pump is prolonged.
Preferably, an electromagnetic valve 9 is arranged between the water pump 1 and the water storage tank, and the electromagnetic valve 9 is used for passing through. The solenoid valve 9 functions as: 1. the water entering the water storage tank is prevented from flowing downwards to the water pump under the action of gravity, the pressure born by the water pump impeller is reduced, and the service life of the water pump is prolonged. 2, by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve 9, the time of the fresh water collected in the water storage tank of the discharging device can be controlled.
Preferably, a solenoid valve 2 is arranged between the evaporation area and the waste water collecting device, and the waste water is discharged by opening and closing the solenoid valve 2.
The device is a solar vacuum sea water desalting device based on Yu Guangre conversion and nano porous graphene oxide materials. The device is controlled based on a mechanical system and a PLC control system adopted integrally, and can realize the automatic operation of the platform. The graphene oxide film is made of photo-thermal material, solar energy is fully absorbed and utilized, and under the vacuum condition, heat generated by the graphene oxide film quickly changes water into water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed and purified to reach the drinking standard.
Further details are described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the solar seawater desalination system comprises a thin film evaporation unit, an automatic water supply unit, a gas control unit and a post-treatment unit, wherein the automatic water supply unit supplies seawater to the thin film evaporation unit, vapor is generated by evaporation in the thin film evaporation unit and is output to the post-treatment unit, the gas control unit comprises an external vacuum pump and an external air blower, the control system controls the vacuum pump and the air blower to switch, the vacuum environment of seawater evaporation is realized through the vacuum pump, then when the seawater desalination is operated to the wastewater discharge requirement, the vacuum pump is turned off, the air blower inputs air, and the wastewater is discharged outwards. According to the invention, under a vacuum condition, the generated heat rapidly turns water into water vapor, the water vapor is condensed and purified to reach the drinking standard, after an operation requiring waste water discharge, the waste water is emptied through the air blower, the intelligent switching function of seawater fresh water and waste water discharge is realized, the waste water discharge is further promoted, and the descaling effect of an evaporation area is realized through air blowing.
The evaporation principle of the thin film evaporation unit is that the micro-nano thin film material is converted into self heat by absorbing light energy and heat energy in the environment, and water molecules on the surface of the thin film material are heated to be continuously converted into steam. Due to the gas concentration difference in the pipeline, the self-flowing of the steam in the pipeline can be realized.
The vacuum evaporation principle utilized refers to: the evaporation operation performed under vacuum, i.e. the boiling point of the solution is reduced at low pressure and a large amount of water is evaporated with less steam. By utilizing the principle, the boiling point of the solution can be effectively reduced, and the utilization of a low-temperature heat source is realized, so that the energy consumption is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the thin film evaporation unit comprises an evaporation area and a water supplementing area, wherein the two areas are communicated with each other through a pipeline, and water is supplemented to the evaporation area through the water supplementing area. The height of the water supplementing area is slightly higher than that of the evaporation area, so that the water in the film evaporation area is sufficient and the tension on the surface of the film is stable, the film can be fully contacted with the liquid level in the evaporation process, and the evaporation process is better realized. Preferably, a manual regulating valve for controlling the flow rate is connected to a pipeline from the water supplementing area to the evaporating area, and the water in the test area is prevented from overflowing the film by manually or automatically regulating the flow rate.
Preferably, a water level gauge is arranged in the evaporation area and used for measuring the water level in the evaporation area, the water level gauge is in data connection with a controller, and the controller automatically controls the opening and closing of the valve according to the water level measured by the water level gauge.
When the water level measured by the water level gauge reaches the height of the film, the controller controls the valve to be closed, so that the phenomenon that the water level is too high and is beyond the film is avoided, and when the water level measured by the water level gauge is lower than the height of the porous medium, the controller controls the valve to be opened, so that the phenomenon that the water level is too low is avoided, and the seawater desalination efficiency is influenced.
Preferably, the evaporation zone comprises an organic glass cover, a shell component, a film pressing component and a nano porous graphene oxide film.
Preferably, the organic glass cover is of a double-layer semicircular arc-shaped structure. The organic glass cover adopts the pot cover principle, so that liquefied water can directly flow down along the inner wall of the semicircular glass cover, and the phenomenon that the nano porous graphene oxide film is soaked by the water directly flowing down is prevented, and the evaporation rate is influenced. The organic glass plate is arranged at the top of the evaporation area by adopting the organic glass plate with high light transmittance, so that the illumination condition is met. Meanwhile, the organic glass cover adopts a double-layer design, and vacuumizing treatment is performed in advance between the two layers of organic glass, so that the purpose of heat insulation is achieved, and heat in an evaporation area is prevented from being dissipated into the environment through the organic glass cover, so that more water vapor is collected.
The PDMS film is stuck on the innermost side of the double-layer organic glass cover, and rectangular micro-channels with the width and depth of 0.5mm are etched on the film, so that the water drop merging speed is increased, the surface space is favorably released, the water vapor is favorably condensed further, the surface heat exchange coefficient is high, the continuous condensation of the water vapor is ensured, the surface flow resistance is small, the drop sliding and removing are favorably realized, and the water intake is improved.
Preferably, the housing assembly is three layers, stacked one upon the other. The first layer is the part of the evaporation area in the base shared by the evaporation area and the water supplementing area in the thin film evaporation unit from bottom to top. Which is used to place a metal porous medium that draws water from the lower part of the medium to the upper part by capillary suction. The second layer is a cylindrical shell above the base and below the double-layer organic glass cover. The middle part of the shell is provided with a drain hole, the hole is externally connected with a condensed water collecting pipeline, and the inner side of the drain hole is aligned with the lowest point of the condensed water draining ring. The inner side of the shell is divided into two parts, the inner diameter of the lower part is small, and the inner diameter of the upper part is large, so that the membrane pressing assembly is placed. The nano porous graphene oxide film is arranged on the upper part of the porous medium and is used for uniformly diffusing water absorbed by the metal porous medium, solar energy is fully absorbed and utilized, heat generated by the nano porous graphene oxide film rapidly turns the water into water vapor under a vacuum condition, and the third layer of shell is arranged on the second layer of shell and is in sealing connection with the second layer of shell, so that the integral fixation and airtightness of an evaporation area are ensured. The rim portion of the plexiglass cover is interposed between the second and third layer shells. Preferably, the three layers of the housing assembly are thermally insulated to prevent heat from the film from being dissipated to the housing assembly in a thermally conductive manner. The inside two-layer can dismantle, can carry out artifical clearance impurity to inside after long-time work, prevent to block up.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the membrane-pressing assembly is disposed on the second housing assembly, and includes a lower laminated membrane assembly including a sponge porous medium and an upper laminated membrane assembly including a nano-porous graphene oxide film. The application adopts the nano porous graphene oxide film, so that the porous graphene not only maintains the excellent property of graphene, but also promotes the improvement of the material transportation efficiency compared with the inert graphene surface due to the existence of pores. Meanwhile, the flexibility and cost of the graphene oxide are more potential advantages than those of single-layer graphene. The unique properties of graphene oxide thin films make them the best candidate for filtration or desalination applications. The porous graphene oxide film has the advantages, and is an excellent novel water purifying material integrating high efficiency and energy saving. The light energy evaporation film is adopted, so that the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the efficiency is high. The graphene oxide is used as a high-efficiency stable photo-thermal conversion material, and has the advantage of converting low-grade and discontinuous dispersion solar energy into high-grade heat energy so as to utilize the solar energy to the maximum extent. The device can fully absorb heat generated by solar energy, quickly change water into water vapor, and realize separation of liquid phase and gas phase so as to achieve the effect of purifying water.
A drainage ring is arranged above the film pressing component. As shown in fig. 7, the drain ring includes a horizontal wall provided at the filter paper sheet and a vertical wall provided inside the horizontal wall and extending upward, so that the cross section of the drain ring forms an L shape. The water outlet is arranged on the shell opposite to the vertical wall. By arranging the drain ring, water condensed on the plexiglas will flow down the tube wall and into the tube along the drain ring. Preferably, the horizontal wall may be provided as an inclined wall so that the drain ring is designed with an inclined angle, which can prevent the problem of water leakage, so that the liquefied water immediately flows out of the evaporation zone.
Preferably, the water outlet is opposite the lowest point of the drain ring.
Preferably, the water outlet is also an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected with the air blower through a pipeline. When air is required to be conveyed, the electromagnetic valve 7 on the water outlet pipeline is closed, the electromagnetic valve on the air outlet pipeline is opened, air is blown inwards, dirt on the surface of the evaporation area is caused by blowing, accumulated water is further blown away, and the calculated water yield is more accurate. Preferably, the shell component at the lower part of the sponge porous medium is provided with an air blowing port, and the lower part of the first shell component is provided with a waste water outlet. By arranging the waste water port, the discharge of waste water is realized. By arranging the air blowing port, the waste water discharge and descaling effects can be further realized.
Preferably, the bottom of the evaporation zone is provided with a seawater concentration detection device for detecting the concentration of seawater, and the controller automatically controls the seawater discharge according to the detected seawater concentration. If the measured seawater concentration exceeds a certain value, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 2 to open, the wastewater outlet at the lower part of the evaporation zone is opened, and the strong brine is discharged through the wastewater outlet. If the measured sea water concentration is below a certain value, the controller controls the circulation valve 2 to be closed.
Preferably, the automatic water supply unit can realize continuous and stable input of the seawater removal and realize real-time adjustment of the water delivery rate according to the change of the water level in the evaporation process.
The automatic water supply unit is communicated with an external water storage tank, and the external water storage tank is connected with a pretreatment filter element through a joint 3, so that water supply of a water supplementing tank of the device is realized. The electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the water supply speed and starting and stopping the water supply function. And the pressure sensor is utilized to monitor the pressure in the pipeline in real time. The water level of the upper water replenishing tank of the device is monitored by using the device water level gauge. The pretreated seawater is stored by the water supplementing tank, so that the influence on the evaporation environment in the thin film evaporation area caused by the change of water pressure in the water supply process is avoided.
The automatic water supply unit comprises a water inlet pipeline, an external water storage tank, an electromagnetic valve 1, a pressure sensor, a water level sensor, a pretreatment filter element and a water pump 2. The water inlet pipeline is connected with an external water storage tank, the external water storage tank is connected with a pretreatment filter element through a connector 3, the pretreatment filter element is connected with a water pump 2, and the water storage tank is arranged between the water pump 2 and the pretreatment filter element. An electromagnetic valve 1 is arranged between the water pump 2 and the water supplementing tank
The water inlet pipeline in the automatic water supply unit is positioned in front of the water supplementing tank, and the water inlet pipeline connector is externally led to the outside of the external water storage tank body and is used for being externally connected with the water tank or directly connected with a water source; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water inlet pipeline and controls the water pump to pump seawater and input the seawater from the primary filtering device to the water storage tank; the pressure sensors are respectively positioned on the water inlet pipeline and monitor the pressure change of the film evaporation area in real time; the water level of the water supplementing tank is monitored by a water level meter to judge the water consumption condition of the evaporation area, and then the water level of the water supplementing tank is controlled by opening and closing the electromagnetic valve 1 and starting and stopping the water pump 2, so that the automatic control of the water consumption and the stability of the water pressure of the thin film evaporation area are ensured.
The gas control unit completes the conversion between the vacuum environment module and the air inlet module through the switching between the external vacuum pump and the air blower.
The vacuum environment control module can perform vacuumizing treatment on the inside of the device, so that the vacuum environment in the device is built.
The vacuum environment control module can be used for carrying out vacuumizing treatment on the inside of the device, creating a vacuum environment for the evaporation process, realizing the utilization of a vacuum evaporation principle, exhausting air in the device and effectively increasing the evaporation rate.
The vacuum environment control module is used for realizing the vacuumizing treatment of the inside of the device by a vacuum pump; the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area is controlled by an electromagnetic valve; and detecting the vacuum degree in the pipeline by using a pressure vacuum sensor, thereby judging the vacuum pumping process.
The unit can realize the technical indexes that: the vacuum degree inside the device is less than 1Pa.
As shown in fig. 1, the vacuum environment control module comprises a solenoid valve 5, a pressure vacuum sensor, a solenoid valve 7, a solenoid valve 3 and a vacuumizing device, preferably a vacuum pump. The vacuumizing device is connected with the evaporation area through the electromagnetic valve 5 and the electromagnetic valve 7, the water storage tank is connected to a pipeline between the electromagnetic valve 5 and the electromagnetic valve 7, the electromagnetic valve 3 is arranged on the pipeline between the water storage tank and the electromagnetic valve 5 and between the water storage tank and the electromagnetic valve 7, and the pressure vacuum sensor is connected with the evaporation area and used for detecting the vacuum degree of the evaporation area.
Preferably, before the device is operated, the solenoid valves 3, 6 are closed, the solenoid valves 5, 7 are opened, and the evaporation zone is evacuated by the evacuation device.
Preferably, in operation, the solenoid valve 5 is closed and the solenoid valves 7, 3 are opened so that condensate is continuously discharged into the water storage tank. When the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor does not meet the requirement, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, and the vacuumizing device performs vacuumizing operation. When the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor reaches the requirement, the electromagnetic valve 5 is closed, and the vacuumizing device stops vacuumizing operation.
By evacuating the water storage tank and the evaporation zone,creating a vacuum environment in the interior of the device as a whole, including the evaporation zone of the device Vacuumizing and vacuumizing the water storage tank. Thereby further improving the sea water desalination efficiency.
Preferably, before the device is operated, the solenoid valves 7, 6 are closed, the solenoid valves 3, 5 are opened, and the vacuum pumping device is used for carrying out
And (5) vacuumizing the water storage tank.
The pressure vacuum sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the vacuum environment control unit and the thin film evaporation area unit, can monitor the vacuum degree in the pipeline in real time, further judges the vacuum pumping degree, and feeds back the vacuum pumping degree to the electromagnetic valve 5 to control the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area. The external vacuum pump is preferably composed of a VRD-4 bipolar rotary-plate vacuum pump and a KF16 multiplied by 100 vacuum corrugated pipe, wherein the KF16 multiplied by 100 vacuum corrugated pipe is an air extraction pipeline and is connected with an internal pipeline interface of the device. The vacuum pump is a VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump, an automatic anti-oil return valve is arranged in the vacuum pump, the limiting pressure is 0.5Pa, and the interface form is KF16. The vacuum pump is placed at a position which is not contacted with the box body, so that the influence of vibration generated by the vacuum pump on evaporation can be prevented. Because the evaporating medium is steam, in order to prevent the pollution to the vacuum gauge, the vacuum gauge is arranged at the vacuum pump port, and the measuring range of the vacuum gauge is as follows:
The air inlet module can blow dry air into the device before a working period starts, so that the water yield in the evaporation process can be accurately metered.
The air inlet module can blow dry air into the device after one working period is finished, so that vapor generated in the evaporation process can be fully liquefied and flows out, and waste water can be completely discharged.
The air inlet module utilizes a compressor device to blow dry air into the pipeline; liquefying the residual water vapor by a condenser; the gas is discharged from the gas outlet, the on-off of the compressor device and the inside of the device is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 5, and the device at the gas outlet is communicated with the atmosphere.
The collecting and measuring unit can further purify the evaporated seawater to enable the evaporated seawater to reach the standard of drinking water, and meanwhile, the real-time evaporation parameters and the average evaporation parameters of the film material are obtained.
The post-treatment unit comprises a filter device through which the liquefied water is treated. The filtering device sequentially comprises a PP filter element, a resin filter element, RO reverse osmosis and active carbon, so that the liquefied water is purified again. The PP filter element realizes the filtration of impurities, colloid and macromolecules; the resin filter core achieves the effect of desalting water and changing hard water into soft water; RO reverse osmosis realizes ion removal and germ removal; the post-activated carbon is used for improving the taste of drinking water.
As shown in fig. 1, the post-treatment unit consists of a water storage tank, a post-treatment filter element and a water pump 1. The condensed water of the evaporation device enters the post-treatment module. The water storage tank is connected with the electromagnetic valve 9 through a pipeline, is connected with the water pump 1 through a pipeline, and is finally connected with the filter element through a pipeline.
The input pipeline of the post-treatment device is connected with the condenser pipeline, the output pipeline is directly connected with the collecting device, the tail end of the input pipeline is connected with the water storage tank, the water outlet of the water storage tank is connected with the electromagnetic valve 9 and the water pump 1, the opening and the closing of the water pump pipeline are controlled by the electromagnetic valve 9, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the filter element to ensure that liquid water is sufficiently filtered by the filter membrane in the post-treatment device and the residual condensed water in the device is caused to be discharged. Preferably, the pipelines on two sides of the post-treatment device are all VCR joints, so that the post-treatment device is convenient to detach.
The wastewater treatment device can realize the discharge of wastewater and ensure the density of seawater in the evaporation area.
After evaporation has been carried out for a certain period of time, preferably 5 hours, the whole device is subjected to one cycle of aeration, waste water discharge, vacuum pumping and water inflow, and the unit utilizes the difference between internal pressure and external pressure after aeration to open the electromagnetic valve so as to drain the waste water in the evaporation area by utilizing the gravity effect.
The waste water treatment device comprises an external waste water tank, an electromagnetic valve 2 and a pipeline. The electromagnetic valve 2 is located between the evaporation area and the external waste water tank, and by opening the electromagnetic valve 2, waste water in the evaporation area of the device can flow into the external waste water tank completely due to self gravity, and the air inlet module is opened to blow air into the device, so that the residual waste water in the device is promoted to be discharged.
Before evaporation operation, the device needs to be subjected to vacuum treatment through a vacuum environment control module to reduce the boiling point of water so as to ensure evaporation efficiency. The vacuum environment control module consists of an electromagnetic valve 5, a pressure vacuum sensor, an external vacuum pump and a pipeline. The electromagnetic valve 5 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline and can control the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area. The pressure vacuum sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the vacuum environment control unit and the thin film evaporation area unit, can monitor the vacuum degree in the pipeline in real time, further judges the vacuum pumping degree, and feeds back the vacuum pumping degree to the electromagnetic valve 5 to control the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area. The external vacuum pump consists of a VRD-4 bipolar rotary-vane vacuum pump and a KF16 multiplied by 100 vacuum corrugated pipe, wherein the KF16 multiplied by 100 vacuum corrugated pipe is an air extraction pipeline and is connected with an internal pipeline interface of the device. The vacuum pump is a VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump, an automatic anti-oil return valve is arranged in the vacuum pump, the limiting pressure is 0.5Pa, and the interface form is KF16. The vacuum pump is placed at a position which is not contacted with the box body, so that the influence of vibration generated by the vacuum pump on evaporation can be prevented. Because the evaporating medium is steam, in order to prevent the pollution to the vacuum gauge, the vacuum gauge is arranged at the vacuum pump port, and the measuring range of the vacuum gauge is as follows: 1X 10 -5 ～1×10 5 Pa
Seawater enters the device through the automatic water supply unit and is supplied to the water supplementing area of the thin film evaporation area, and the automatic water supply unit is communicated with the external water storage tank to supply water to the water tank of the device. The electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the water supply speed and starting and stopping the water supply function. And the pressure sensor is utilized to monitor the pressure in the pipeline in real time. The upper tank level of the device was monitored using a transparent hose on the right side of the device. The pretreated seawater is stored by the upper water storage tank, so that the influence on the evaporation environment in the thin film evaporation area caused by the change of water pressure in the water supply process is avoided.
The thin film evaporation area comprises an evaporation area and a water supplementing area, the two areas are mutually communicated through a pipeline, and water is supplemented to the evaporation area through the water supplementing area. The height of the water supplementing area is slightly higher than that of the evaporation area, so that the water in the film evaporation area is sufficient and the tension on the surface of the evaporation film is stable, the evaporation film can be fully contacted with the liquid level in the evaporation process, and the evaporation process is better realized. Two-region connecting pipeline: the pipeline from the water supplementing area to the evaporating area is connected with a valve for controlling the flow, and the water in the test area can not overflow the film by manually adjusting the flow. The contaminated water evaporates in the evaporation zone and condenses on the plexiglass hood, and the condensed water will flow down the hood walls and into the tunnel along the drain ring. The drainage ring is designed with an inclined angle, so that the problem of water storage and leakage can be prevented, and the liquefied water immediately flows out of the evaporation area.
The condensed water flowing out of the evaporation area enters the post-treatment unit through a pipeline, an input pipeline of the post-treatment device is connected with the evaporation area through a pipeline, an output pipeline is directly connected with the collecting device, the tail end of the input pipeline is connected with the water storage tank, the water outlet of the water storage tank is connected with the electromagnetic valve 9 and the water pump 1, the opening and the closing of the water pump pipeline are controlled by the electromagnetic valve 9, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the filter element to ensure that liquid water is sufficiently filtered by the filter membrane in the post-treatment device and the residual condensed water in the device is caused to be discharged. And the pipelines on two sides of the post-processing device are all VCR joints, so that the post-processing device is convenient to detach.
The high-concentration wastewater after the evaporation operation is finished is discharged through a wastewater treatment module, so that preparation is made for further harmless treatment. The waste water treatment module is composed of an external waste water tank, an electromagnetic valve 2 and a pipeline. The electromagnetic valve 2 is located between the evaporation area and the external waste water tank, and by opening the electromagnetic valve 2, waste water in the evaporation area of the device can flow into the external waste water tank completely due to self gravity, and the air inlet module is opened to blow air into the device, so that the residual waste water in the device is promoted to be discharged.
The whole operation process can be carried out by two operation modes of manual operation and automatic operation, and the device can be adjusted according to the actual sewage type, so that the adaptability of the device to different working environments is improved. Meanwhile, in order to further improve the performances such as coordination and flexibility among the modules of the thin film evaporation tester and solve the problems of low manual operation efficiency, large human error and the like, an S7-200 SMART programmable PLC controller produced by Siemens corporation of Germany is selected as a control system. The PLC is utilized to drive the electromagnetic valve to switch at regular time, and the characteristics of strong PLC function, simple programming, complete matching, stable performance, convenient use and the like are fully combined, so that flexible control over each evaporation stage is realized.
As an improvement, the sea water desalination device is arranged on a ship. The device can also utilize the waste heat of flue gas on the ship boiler.
The flue gas is led out by a bypass of an exhaust pipeline of the main machine, filtered and blown into the water supplementing tank through the blower, and is used for heating hot water of the water supplementing tank.
Preferably, the device comprises a temperature equalizing device, wherein the temperature equalizing device is arranged on a pipeline for enabling the flue gas to enter the water supplementing tank. The flue gas heats water in the water replenishing tank through a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the water replenishing tank. By preheating the water in the water supplementing tank in advance, the temperature of the water can be increased, thereby further improving the efficiency of sea water desalination.
Preferably, the flue gas is output from the flue gas pipeline through a plurality of pipe orifices, and each pipe orifice is connected with one heat exchange pipe.
As shown in fig. 8, the flow guiding plate 52 extending from the inner wall 51 of the flue gas pipe to the center of the flue gas pipe is arranged in the flue gas pipe, the flow guiding plate 52 comprises a first curved wall 521 and a second curved wall 522 extending from the inner wall, wherein an acute angle formed by a tangent line at the joint of the first curved wall 521 and the inner wall 51 and the inner wall is smaller than an acute angle formed by a tangent line at the joint of the second curved wall 522 and the inner wall, the first curved wall 521 and the second curved wall 522 are curved and extend towards the flue gas flowing direction, the curved direction is also towards the flue gas flowing direction, and an intersection point 523 of the first curved wall 521 and the second curved wall 522 is positioned downstream of the joint of the first curved wall 521 and the inner wall 51, and is positioned downstream of the joint of the second curved wall 522 and the inner wall. The shape of the flow guiding plate 52 is a shape formed by the rotation of the first curved wall 521 and the second curved wall 522 and the inner wall along the flue gas duct axis.
The temperature difference can occur in the layering due to different heat preservation at different positions and convection reasons in the transmission process of the flue gas, and particularly, under the condition of utilizing flue gas waste heat, the heat exchange in the distiller is uneven, and the heat exchange and the service life of a product are affected. According to the invention, the flow guide plate is arranged in the flue gas pipeline, so that a part of flue gas is guided to the opposite direction along the flow of the flow guide plate and is fully mixed with the flue gas entering in the opposite direction, the temperature uniformity of the flue gas is realized, the further heat exchange requirement is realized, and the service life of a product is prolonged.
According to the invention, the first curved wall and the second curved wall are respectively arranged on the drainage plate, and by arranging the two curved walls, the disturbance effect of smoke is better, the area of the drainage plate contacting the inner wall is increased, and the stability is improved. And through setting up the second crooked wall for the flue gas that gets through the opposite direction water conservancy diversion also can be along the crooked direction motion of second crooked wall direction, increase the buffering, reduce the flow resistance.
Preferably, the first curved wall 521 and the second curved wall 522 are circular arcs, wherein the circular arc diameter of the first curved wall 521 is smaller than the circular arc diameter of the second curved wall 522.
According to the invention, the first wall and the second wall are arc-shaped, so that the flow resistance of the flue gas is smaller, and the flue gas is easy to flow to the other side for mixing.
Preferably, the tangent to the first curved wall 521 at the location of the intersection point 523 forms an angle of 30-60, preferably 45, with the axis of the flue gas duct. By providing this angle, the fluid can be directed quickly to the opposite downstream location, and the flow resistance can be further reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, multiple layers of drainage plates 52 are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas pipeline along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the drainage plates of adjacent layers are distributed in a staggered manner. Through the staggered distribution of the drainage plates of adjacent rows, the flue gas can fully move to opposite positions in the flue gas pipeline, and the full and uniform mixing is ensured. One for each layer of drainage plates shown in fig. 3. Of course, a plurality of drainage plates, for example, 3 drainage plates, can be arranged on each layer.
Preferably, the distance between the intersection point and the inner wall of the flue gas duct is 0.3-0.5 times, preferably 0.4 times, the diameter of the flue gas duct. By this arrangement the air is given less flow resistance on a well mixed basis.
Preferably, the length of the first curved wall is greater than the length of the second curved wall.
Preferably, the total radian of the circular arc connecting the drainage plates of the same layer with the inner wall is 150-180 degrees. By this parameter setting, a thorough mixing is ensured when the resistance requirement is met. For example, fig. 8, 10 and 12 show that each layer of drainage plates is provided with one piece, and the total radian of the piece is 150-180 degrees. Of course, a plurality of drainage plates can be arranged on each layer, for example, three drainage plates are arranged on each layer in fig. 8, and the total radian is 150-180 degrees.
Preferably, the A layer drainage plates are arranged in a plurality, the A layer drainage plates are arranged at intervals, the A layer drainage plates are arranged at equal intervals, the B layer is an adjacent row of the A layer, and the B layer drainage plates are arranged at intervals of the A layer when seen from the flowing direction. The positions of the drainage plates of the adjacent layers are complementary, so that the smoke can sufficiently move to the opposite positions in the smoke pipeline, and sufficient and uniform mixing is ensured. It should be noted that the layer a and the layer B are not specifically and explicitly specified, and A, B merely serves as a distinction between adjacent layers.
Preferably, a plurality of drainage plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas pipeline along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the distribution density of the drainage plates is smaller and smaller along the flow direction of the flue gas. Because the mixing degree of the flue gas is better along with the continuous movement of the flue gas, the distribution density is required to be smaller and smaller to reduce the flow resistance, and the temperature equalizing effect achieves basically the same effect on the aspects of reducing the resistance and saving the material cost.
Preferably, the distribution density of the drainage plates is gradually increased along the flow direction of the flue gas. The effect is that the temperature equalizing effect reaches the basically same effect to the extent that the resistance is further reduced and the material cost is saved through a large number of numerical simulation and evaporation research results and research discovers that the law accords with the law of the motion of the smoke.
Preferably, a plurality of drainage plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas pipeline along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the size of the drainage plates is smaller and smaller along the flow direction of the flue gas. Because the mixing degree of the flue gas is better and better along with the continuous movement of the flue gas, the size is required to be smaller and smaller to reduce the flow resistance, and the temperature equalizing effect achieves basically the same effect on the aspects of reducing the resistance and saving the material cost.
Preferably, a plurality of drainage plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas pipeline along the flow direction of the flue gas, and the size of the drainage plates is gradually increased along the flow direction of the flue gas. The effect is that the temperature equalizing effect reaches the basically same effect to the extent that the resistance is further reduced and the material cost is saved through a large number of numerical simulation and evaporation research results and research discovers that the law accords with the law of the motion of the smoke.
Through a large number of numerical simulation and evaporation researches, the angle and the size of the drainage plate have great influence on heat exchange and uniform mixing, the included angle between the drainage plate and the inner wall is smaller, the mixing effect is poor, the size of the drainage plate is too large, the flowing resistance is influenced, the included angle is larger, the stirring fluid effect is poor, the resistance is large, the mixing effect is poor, the interval between the drainage plates is too large, the turbulence effect is poor, the movement resistance is increased due to the too small interval, and therefore, the application obtains the nearest optimization relation of the size of the drainage plate structure through a large number of data simulation and evaporation.
Preferably, the length L2 of the first line between the connection point of the first curved wall and the inner wall and the intersection point 523, the length L1 of the second line between the connection point of the second curved wall and the inner wall and the intersection point 523, the acute angle between the first line and the inner wall is A2, the acute angle between the second line and the inner wall is A1, the distance S between adjacent wedge structures along the flow direction of the flue gas, that is, the distance between the center points of the adjacent drainage plates and the inner wall, the center point is the midpoint of the connection line between the connection points of the first curved wall, the second curved wall and the inner wall, satisfies the following requirements:
n=a-b Ln (M), where n= (l1+l2)/S, m=sin (A2)/sin (A1); ln is a logarithmic function that is a function of the number of pairs,
0.263<a<0.264，0.0829<b<0.0831；
preferably, 0.25< m <0.75,0.28< n <0.35,45< a1<75 °,15< a2<45 °;
the diameter d=5000-8000 mm of the pipe 5.
The optimal design requirements of the drainage plate structure can be met by the above-mentioned various types. The above structural optimization formula is a main improvement point of the present application, is the most effective optimization formula researched by a large number of numerical simulation and evaporation, and is not common knowledge in the art.
Further preferably, a=0.2634 and b=0.0830.
In data simulation and evaporation, the interval between the drainage plates is found to be larger than a certain distance, otherwise, fluid is led to the opposite direction through the last drainage plate, but if the interval between the drainage plates is too small, flue gas flows across the opposite direction and the whole pipeline is not fully filled, at the moment, the drainage plates are arranged, the mixing effect is not achieved, the drainage plates only play a role of a baffle plate, the mixing guiding effect is not achieved, and the flow resistance can only be increased. Therefore, through a great deal of researches, the application provides a design scheme of the minimum spacing of the drainage plates, and has certain guiding significance for the design of the drainage plates.
The intersection point 523 is a perpendicular point on the inner wall, a line formed by the intersection point and the perpendicular point is a third line, the distance between the connecting point of the first curved wall and the inner wall and the perpendicular point is H, an acute angle formed by the first line and the third line is A3, an acute angle formed by a tangent line of the first curved wall at the intersection point position and the axis of the flue gas pipeline is A4, the inner pipe diameter of the flue gas pipeline is R, and the distance S is designed in the following way:
(S/H)>a+b*Ln(T)，(S/R) 2 >c+d*Ln(T)；
wherein t=sin (A3)/sin (A4), 2.74< a <2.75,17.4< b <17.5,1.998< c <1.999,3.431< d <3.432, 30< A3<70 °,20< A4<60 °; preferably 1.07< T <1.30;
preferably, a=2.743, b=17.47, c=1.9984, d=0.4316;
according to the invention, the minimum design distance of the drainage plate is obtained through a large amount of evaporation and numerical simulation, and the resistance is reduced through the design distance, so that the drainage plate can be fully mixed.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, the invention is not so limited. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The solar seawater desalination device comprises an evaporation area and a water storage tank, wherein seawater is evaporated in the evaporation area, steam formed after evaporation is condensed to form fresh water, and the fresh water enters the water storage tank for storage; a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged between the evaporation area and the water supplementing tank; the sea water desalting device is arranged on a ship and utilizes the waste heat of flue gas on a boiler of the ship; the flue gas is led out by a bypass of an exhaust pipeline of the main machine, filtered and blown into a water supplementing tank through a blower, and is used for heating water in a water supplementing area; the sea water desalting device comprises a temperature equalizing device, wherein the temperature equalizing device is arranged in a flue gas pipeline in which flue gas enters a water supplementing area, and the temperature equalizing device has the following structure: the flue gas pipeline is internally provided with a drainage plate extending from the inner wall of the flue gas pipeline to the center of the flue gas pipeline, the drainage plate comprises a first curved wall and a second curved wall extending from the inner wall, wherein an acute angle formed by a tangent line at the joint of the first curved wall and the inner wall is smaller than an acute angle formed by a tangent line at the joint of the second curved wall and the inner wall, the first curved wall and the second curved wall are curved and extend towards the flue gas flowing direction, the curved direction also faces the flue gas flowing direction, and an intersection point of the first curved wall and the second curved wall is positioned at the downstream of the joint of the first curved wall and the inner wall and at the same time positioned at the downstream of the joint of the second curved wall and the inner wall; the shape of the drainage plate is formed by rotating the first curved wall, the second curved wall and the inner wall along the axis of the flue gas pipeline.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are opened, and the evaporation zone is evacuated by the evacuation device before the apparatus is operated.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein in operation, the first solenoid valve is closed, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve are opened such that condensate is continuously drained to the water storage tank; when the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor does not meet the requirement, the first electromagnetic valve is opened, and the vacuumizing device performs vacuumizing operation; when the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum pressure sensor reaches the requirement, the first electromagnetic valve is closed, and the vacuumizing device stops vacuumizing operation.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are closed, the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are opened, and the tank is evacuated by the evacuation device before the apparatus is operated.
5. The device of claim 1, comprising a solar energy cover, wherein the bottom of the inner wall of the solar energy cover is provided with a fresh water collecting tank, and a fresh water outlet is arranged in the fresh water collecting tank and is connected with a fresh water storage tank.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2020112980006 | 2020-11-19 | ||
| CN202011298000 | 2020-11-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114538550A CN114538550A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
| CN114538550B true CN114538550B (en) | 2023-11-10 |
Family
ID=81668531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110757241.0A Active CN114538550B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2021-07-05 | Solar sea water desalting device of vacuumizing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114538550B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1600694A (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-30 | 田凤山 | Energy saving spraying distillation type seawater desalination method under negative pressure and equipment |
| CN101134606A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-05 | 上海科林环保工程技术有限公司 | Solar energy sea-water distillator |
| TW201208985A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-01 | Phile Yang | Solar vacuum desalinator for sea water |
| CN105776384A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨市三和佳美科技发展有限公司 | Negative-pressure solar-energy seawater desalination device |
| CN107265538A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-20 | 陆玉正 | A kind of distributed negative pressure sea water desalinating unit of photovoltaic and photothermal solar |
| CN108358266A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of small-sized solar desalination plant |
| CN110240211A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-09-17 | 清华大学 | Solar energy thermal transition purifier and process for purifying water |
| CN110906570A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-03-24 | 山东大学 | Loop heat pipe solar heat collector system |
| WO2020155903A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | 清华大学 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method |
-
2021
- 2021-07-05 CN CN202110757241.0A patent/CN114538550B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1600694A (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-30 | 田凤山 | Energy saving spraying distillation type seawater desalination method under negative pressure and equipment |
| CN101134606A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-05 | 上海科林环保工程技术有限公司 | Solar energy sea-water distillator |
| TW201208985A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-01 | Phile Yang | Solar vacuum desalinator for sea water |
| CN105776384A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨市三和佳美科技发展有限公司 | Negative-pressure solar-energy seawater desalination device |
| CN107265538A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-20 | 陆玉正 | A kind of distributed negative pressure sea water desalinating unit of photovoltaic and photothermal solar |
| CN108358266A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-03 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of small-sized solar desalination plant |
| CN110240211A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-09-17 | 清华大学 | Solar energy thermal transition purifier and process for purifying water |
| WO2020155903A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | 清华大学 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method |
| CN110906570A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-03-24 | 山东大学 | Loop heat pipe solar heat collector system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114538550A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101475233B (en) | Vacuum distillation apparatus and method for desalting seawater and bitter-salt water by simply using solar energy | |
| CN108423732B (en) | Solar sea water desalination and pollutant removal dual-function device | |
| CN103848464B (en) | The treatment process of low-temperature evaporation high-concentration sewage | |
| CN108622982B (en) | Solar membrane distillation system combined with heat pump technology | |
| CN206767688U (en) | New and effective portable full solar energy sea water desalination apparatus | |
| CN101693559A (en) | Horizontal solar membrane distiller for vacuum and direct contact | |
| CN111777125B (en) | Photo-thermal evaporation system based on magnetic porous light absorption material | |
| CN103848463A (en) | Treatment device of low-temperature evaporation high-concentration sewage | |
| CN105600855B (en) | A kind of seawater desalination system that vacuum chamber is formed using chemical reaction | |
| CN110526317B (en) | Solar seawater desalination device | |
| CN107337244B (en) | Bubbling liquid curtain integrated solar seawater desalination device | |
| CN102249356B (en) | Hot water pure water coproduction device by solar energy | |
| CN103626247A (en) | Solar sea water evaporator | |
| CN203781962U (en) | Household solar-powered seawater desalination system | |
| CN203820489U (en) | Low-temperature evaporation treatment device for high-concentration wastewater | |
| CN114538550B (en) | Solar sea water desalting device of vacuumizing device | |
| CN2883340Y (en) | Enclosed solar and/or low temp heat source desalinizing unit | |
| CN114516669B (en) | Solar sea water desalting device | |
| CN107213793B (en) | Novel solar energy decompression multiple-effect membrane distillation device | |
| CN114538551B (en) | Thin film evaporation unit and solar sea water desalination device | |
| CN105329962B (en) | Solar energy composite heat pump desalinization and confession domestic water system and method | |
| CN111661889A (en) | Solar energy water desalination device | |
| CN101319748A (en) | Vacuum controllable heat preservation method and solar heat collection and comprehensive utilization method | |
| CN109354096B (en) | Fresnel lens solar carburetor method seawater desalination device | |
| CN103693795B (en) | Household type solar seawater desalting system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |