JP6531242B2 - Method for producing fermented feed - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improver for producing fermented feed, and a method for producing fermented feed.

Fermented feed including silage is a storage feed produced by adding lactic acid bacteria, filling feed ingredients adjusted to an appropriate water content into silos, and performing lactic acid fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
At present, simplified silos using containers with good handling such as flexible container bags and drums are mainly used, but the simplified silos are anaerobic in the process of lactic acid fermentation due to deformation or breakage of the containers or covering materials. It is difficult to maintain the conditions, and there is a problem that the quality of the fermented feed on the opening side of the container is deteriorated. In addition, there is a problem that mold often occurs mainly on the surface of fermented feed. Due to the occurrence of mold, the safety is lost and the commodity value drops sharply, so urgent solution is required.

  Furthermore, in Japan, utilization of rice for feedstuffs for livestock feed is promoted as a national policy in order to improve the self-sufficiency rate and stable supply of livestock feed. The feed rice recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is gradually expanding its acreage, and in fiscal 2014 it has been steadily spreading beyond 30,000 ha. Although this feed rice can be harvested only once a year, it is necessary to store it until the feeding, since livestock are fed all year round. Therefore, from the viewpoint of storage cost and nutrient retention, research on a method for producing a fermented feed using rice for feed as a raw material has been developed and advanced from 2008 (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

In order to promote high quality silage fermentation, it is important to make the feed raw materials anaerobic conditions so that lactic acid bacteria can easily grow. At the same time, in order to prevent the growth of mold, it is important to shut off the oxygen essential to the mold and maintain anaerobic conditions.
For example, in order to reduce the amount of oxygen remaining in the container during silage preparation, the "grassland management index" of the document "Guidelines on the common base of agricultural production process control (GAP)" (Non-Patent Document 3) In this case, it is recommended that the harvested grass material be quickly packed into a container and then be quickly deaerated and sealed. However, in reality, air enters from the vicinity of the container opening, which causes a problem that the quality of the fermented feed on the opening of the container is deteriorated or mold is generated.
In addition, a method for producing silage has been proposed in which green plant feed is filled and sealed together with an oxygen absorbent and a carbon gas absorbent (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, according to this proposal, it is possible to absorb carbon dioxide generated by fermentation and prevent the expansion of the bag to preserve silage for a long period of time, but it can not sufficiently suppress the occurrence of mold on the feed material surface. There is a problem that it is difficult to recover the oxygen absorbent and the carbon gas absorbent in the feed after producing the feed, and the contents of the oxygen absorbent and the carbon gas absorbent are mixed in the feed.
In addition, in order to suppress the growth of molds, a method for producing silage has been proposed in which an aqueous ethanol solution is added to the silage raw material (see, for example, Patent Document 2). However, according to this proposal, there is a problem that a large amount of ethanol is mixed in the feed, and the occurrence of mold on the feed material surface can not be effectively suppressed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-009453 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-049411

Ryuichi Uegaki et al. (2010) Journal of Japan Society of Livestock Research 81 (3) 353-362 Inoue Hidehiko et al. (2012) Journal of the Japan Society of Grasslands 58 (3) 153-165 Guidelines on the common basis of agricultural production process control (GAP)

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to achieve the following objects. That is, the present invention improves and stabilizes the fermentation quality, can suppress the occurrence of mold on the surface of the feed material, and is an improver for fermented feed production which can be easily recovered after production of the fermented feed, and for producing the fermented feed An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fermented feed using a modifying agent.

The means for solving the problems are as follows. That is,
<1> A method for covering at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material, which is used for producing a fermented feed containing at least one of an oxygen scavenger and an ethanol evaporation agent and containing the feed material in a container for fermentation. It is an improving agent for fermented feed production characterized by the present invention.
It is an improving agent for fermented feed manufacture as described in said <1> whose air volume of <2> oxygen scavenger is 0.01 times-20 times of the capacity | capacitance of a container.
It is an improving agent for fermented feed manufacture in any one of said <1> to <2> whose ethanol amount of <3> ethanol evaporation agent is 0.01 mL-10 mL per liter of container volume.
It is an improving agent for fermented feed manufacture in any one of said <1> to <3> which consists of a combination of a <4> oxygen scavenger and an ethanol evaporating agent.
It is an improvement agent for fermented feed manufacture in any one of said <1> to <4> whose coverage with respect to the exposed surface in <5> feed materials is 10 area% or more.
<6> The feed according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the feed material is at least one of grain and grass.
<7> A method for producing a fermented feed in which a feed material is contained in a container and fermented,
The improvement agent for fermented feed according to any one of <1> to <6> covers at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material.

  According to the present invention, the above-mentioned various problems in the prior art can be solved, the above-mentioned object can be achieved, the fermentation quality can be improved and stabilized, and the mold generation on the feed material surface can be suppressed. The improvement agent for fermented feed manufacture which is easy to collect | recover, and the manufacturing method of fermented feed using the said improver for fermented feed manufacture can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the lactic acid / acetic acid ratio (mass ratio) of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1.

(Improvement agent for fermented feed production and method for producing fermented feed)
The improver for fermented feed production of the present invention is a improver for fermented feed production comprising at least one of an oxygen scavenger and an ethanol transpiration agent.
The improver for fermented feed production is used for producing a fermented feed in which a feed material is contained and fermented in a container, and at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material is covered.
The improvement agent for fermented feed production of the present invention can be suitably used in the method for producing a fermented feed of the present invention.
The method for producing a fermented feed according to the present invention is a method for producing a fermented feed in which a feed material is contained in a container and fermented, and the improvement agent for producing a fermented feed according to the present invention is at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material. And covering.
The present invention discovers an unknown attribute that at least one of an oxygen scavenger and an ethanol transpiration agent has an action to improve fermentation when used for producing a fermented feed, and according to the attributes, the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol transpiration It is an invention based on the finding that at least one of the agents is suitable for new uses as a fermenter feed improver.
Here, the action to improve the fermentation means the action to improve and stabilize the fermentation quality, and the action to suppress the generation of mold on the surface of the feed material.

<Oxygen>
The above-mentioned "oxygen scavenger" is an agent for deoxidizing the inside of the closed container, and the main form is a form in which a substance susceptible to oxidation is packaged.
In addition to preventing the growth of aerobic organisms such as food safely, the said oxygen absorber reacts with oxygen in the container / package and the substance which is easily oxidized and absorbs oxygen, thereby preventing rot and preventing insects, It exhibits excellent effects on food quality retention such as discoloration prevention and is used as a quality retention agent.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a substance which is easy to be oxidized, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, iron powder, vitamin C, catechin, fats and oils, etc. are mentioned.
The packaging material for packaging the substance susceptible to oxidation is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can transmit oxygen and does not release the substance susceptible to oxidation, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, for example , Cloth, paper, resin film and the like.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said oxygen scavenger, According to the objective, it can select suitably, A commercial item can be used. Examples of the commercially available product include Modullan W, Modullan S, Modullan NH, Modullan TG (all manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Food Techno Co., Ltd.); Ageless S, Ageless SA (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.); Sanso Cut FW, Sanso Cut GA (all manufactured by Iris Fine Products Ltd.); Wonder Keep LP, Wonder Keep CLP (all manufactured by Powder Tech Co., Ltd.), etc. may be mentioned.

There is no restriction | limiting in particular as an air volume of the said oxygen scavenger, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, 0.01 times-20 times are preferable with respect to the capacity of a container, 0.1 times-10 times Is more preferably 0.5 to 2 times. If the air volume is less than 0.01 times, the oxygen concentration in the container may not be 0.1% by volume or less in the fermentation process (during the period from preparation to feeding), and if it exceeds 20 times It is uneconomical. On the other hand, even if the air capacity is 0.01 to 20 times, even if there is deterioration of the oxygen scavenger due to air exposure during operation, the inside of the container during the fermentation process (during the period from preparation to feeding) Is advantageous in that the oxygen concentration can be made 0.1% by volume or less.
Note that “air volume” indicates the volume of air that can absorb oxygen by the oxygen scavenger, and in the case of 1 L of air volume, oxygen is about 20 volume% in air, so it is about 0.2 L. Means to absorb oxygen.

<Ethanol evaporation agent>
The above-mentioned "ethanol evaporation agent" is an agent which evaporates gaseous ethanol, and is also referred to as an alcohol evaporation agent, an alcohol volatilization agent, an alcohol sustained release agent and the like. In addition, a shape in which liquid ethanol is adsorbed to an adsorbent is mainly packaged.
The above-mentioned ethanol evaporation agent safely evaporates gaseous ethanol in the container packaging, thereby safely preventing the growth of aerobic organisms such as food, and exerts an excellent effect on the preservation of food quality, thus maintaining the quality. It is used as an agent.
The adsorbent is not particularly limited as long as it can adsorb (support) liquid ethanol, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, synthetic silica, diatomaceous earth, pulp, non-woven fabric, cellulose, non-woven cotton , Gel and the like.
The packaging material for packaging the adsorbent which adsorbed the liquid ethanol is not particularly limited as long as it is a material which can permeate gaseous ethanol and does not release the adsorbent. It can be selected, for example, cloth, paper, resin film and the like.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said ethanol evaporation agent, According to the objective, it can select suitably, A commercial item can be used. Examples of the commercially available product include Oitec L, Oitec CA, Oitec CA H, Oitec CA-ME (all manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Food Techno Co., Ltd.); ET Pack NT (manufactured by Ueno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.); Company company).

There is no restriction | limiting in particular as an amount of ethanol of the said ethanol evaporation agent, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, 0.01 mL-20 mL are preferable per 1 L of container volumes,
0.1 mL to 10 mL is more preferable, and 0.5 mL to 2 mL is particularly preferable. When the amount of ethanol is less than 0.01 mL, the gaseous ethanol concentration in the container may not be able to be 0.3% by volume or more in the fermentation process (during the period from the feeding to the feeding), and it exceeds 20 mL And it is uneconomical. On the other hand, even if there is deterioration of the ethanol transpiration agent due to air exposure during operation when the amount of ethanol is 0.01 mL to 20 mL, the gas in the container during the fermentation process (during the period from preparation to feeding) It is advantageous in that the concentration of ethanol can be 0.3% by volume or more.

<Combination of oxygen scavenger and ethanol transpiration agent>
The improver for fermented feed production preferably comprises a combination of the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol transpiration agent. As a result, the fermentation quality can be improved and stabilized, and the occurrence of mold on the surface of the feed material can be suppressed, and in addition to the ease of recovery after producing the fermented feed, the uniformity of fermentation in the container can be further improved. Can.
The combination may be a combination of the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol evaporating agent, or may be a drug having both the functions of the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol evaporating agent.
Examples of the agent having both the functions of the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol evaporation agent include AGELESS SE (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.); Negative Mold (manufactured by Freund Corporation) and the like.

-Container-
The container is not particularly limited as long as it can accommodate the feed material, and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a resin container, a metal container, a bag-like container, and a wrap silo Such as a roll bale silo), a facility type silo (for example, a tower type silo, a bunker silo, etc.) and the like. Among these, resin containers, metal containers, and bag-like containers are preferable, and from the viewpoint that the feed material can be sealed and sealed, sealable resin containers and metal containers are more preferable.
Examples of the container made of resin include self-standing containers made of resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and the like (for example, drum type container, container, bottle type container) and the like.
Examples of the metal container include a tower type silo; and a freestanding metal container made of metal such as stainless steel or aluminum (for example, a drum container, a container, or a bottle container).
As said bag-like container, a flexible container bag, a tube bag, a plastic bag, a laminate bag etc. are mentioned, for example.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a capacity | capacitance of the said container, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, 0.1 L-20,000 L are preferable, 0.5 L-2,000 L are more preferable, 1 L-200 L are especially preferable. preferable.

-Feed material-
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said feed raw material, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a grain, grass, etc. are mentioned. In addition, as the feed material, the present invention may be applied to fermented TMR (total mixed feed) in which various feed materials are mixed and fermented.
Examples of the grain include rice (for example, milled rice, brown rice, milled rice, old rice, rice for feed, etc.), corn and the like.
Examples of the grass include grass of grass (for example, Italian ryegrass, corn, timothy and the like); leguminous grass (for example, alfalfa, clover and the like) and the like.
As raw materials of the above-mentioned fermented TMR, concentrated feeds such as the above-mentioned grains; hay and silage such as grasses; by-products of various food production and the like can be mentioned.

There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a method to accommodate the said feed raw material in the said container, According to the objective, the conventionally well-known method can be selected suitably, For example, the said feed raw material which added lactic acid bacteria and adjusted water content A method of compressing and packing so as not to create a gap to the maximum of the volume of the container (for example, to the opening of the container) to reduce the residual oxygen in the container as much as possible, additionally to the method To further reduce the residual oxygen in the container.
Or according to this invention, it can be set as the accommodation method which reduced the compression rate, or the accommodation method which does not compress, for example, a lactobacillus is added, the said feed material which adjusted moisture content is lightly compressed, and the said container (E.g., to the opening of the container); equalizing the feed material by its weight by shaking the feed material, etc., to the maximum of the volume of the container (e.g., the container) Method) can be used.
Thereby, the storage operation can be reduced. Further, the container is not subjected to an excessive internal pressure, and damage to the container and deformation of the opening can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the fermented feed and the generation of mold caused by the deterioration of the airtightness due to the breakage of the container and the deformation of the opening, and the stable fermented feed can be produced.
The mass (g) of the feed material per volume (L) of the container, that is, the density (g / L) of the feed material is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. When the density in the conventional method for containing is 100%, it may be about 100% (equivalent) but may be less than 100%. When the feed material is a grain, the ratio of the density to the conventional method may be 20% to 100%. When the feed material is grass, the ratio of the density to the conventional method may be 20% to 100%.
The density in the conventional method is, for example, about 584 g / L in the case of crushed rice (grains) whose water content is adjusted to 30% by mass, and the feed rice (grass) whose water content is adjusted to 68% by mass The case is about 193 g / L.

The container containing the feed material is covered with at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material with the improving agent for fermented feed production, and then the container lid is closed sufficiently to maintain the airtightness of the container. Is preferred.
In the case where the container is the lap silo, it is preferable to keep the container airtight by overlapping the wrap without any gap, and in the case where the container is the facility type silo, cover the upper part. It is preferable to maintain the airtightness of the said container by this.
In the case where the container is the facility type silo, since the cover corresponds to the lid of the container, the capacity of the facility type silo can be appropriately set according to the storage amount of the feed material (or the position of the cover). .

There is no restriction | limiting in particular as the method to make it ferment, The conventionally well-known method can be suitably selected according to the objective, For example, lactic acid bacteria are added and the said feed raw material which adjusted water content is accommodated in the said container, The method of leaving still for 1 day or more under environmental temperature etc. are mentioned.
As the lactic acid bacteria is not particularly limited and may be suitably selected from those conventionally known in the art depending on the purpose, for example, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus spp, such as Lactobacillus buchneri; Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides genus; Lactococcus lactis, Lactooccus genus such as Lactococcus rhamnosus; Enterococcus facialis, Enterococcus genus, such as Enterococcus faecium; Pediococcus acidilactici Pe such diococcus genus; Weissella confuse, like Weissella genus such as Weissella Oryze.
Among these, Lactobacillus plantarum is preferable.

The mixing amount of lactic acid bacteria as (number of cells) is not particularly limited and may be suitably selected from those conventionally known in the art depending on the purpose, 100 to 10 ⁸ are preferred with respect to the feed raw material 1g, 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁶ are more preferable.

There is no restriction | limiting in particular as water mixed with the said feed raw material, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a tap water, a well water, a spring water etc. are mentioned.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as mixed quantity of the said water, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, the moisture content in the mixture of the said feed material which added lactic acid bacteria and adjusted moisture content is 10 mass%-80 It is preferable to mix the said water so that it may become mass% (preferably 20 mass%-50 mass%).
The water content of the mixture is the total of the water content contained in the feed material itself, the water content in the culture solution of the lactic acid bacteria, and the water to be mixed.
The amount of water contained in the feed material itself can be measured, for example, by a drying method (65 ° C., 48 hours).

The coverage of the improver for fermented feed production is not particularly limited as long as the improver for fermented feed production covers at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material, and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Although it can be, 5 area% or more is preferable with respect to the said exposed surface in the said feed material, 10 area% or more is more preferable, and 20 area% or more is especially preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that the said improving agent for fermented feed manufacture covers the said exposed surface uniformly.
Here, the exposed surface means the exposed surface of the feed material on the side of the container opening before the feed material is put in the container and air tightness is ensured. Further, the area of the exposed surface corresponds to the area of the opening of the container.
In addition, when the said container is the said lap silo, all the surfaces of the feed raw material shape | molded in roll shape etc. before packing with the said lap correspond to the said exposed surface.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1
Cultivated in 2014 in Tsukuba Mirai City, Ibaraki Prefecture, and milled "Beco Aoba" braised rice with a feed cutter (star type 0, manufactured by Toyohira Agro-Machines Mfg. Co., Ltd.) and crushed the milled rice An article (particle size about 0.2 mm to 3 mm measured by scale) was prepared. The water content of crushed rice flour was 14% by mass when measured using a drying method.
As the water content of the specimen subjected to the experiment was 30 wt%, cultures of lactic acid bacteria of water and 100mL of 11.4L a (Lactobacillus plantrum chikuso-1,10 ⁵ cells / mL) obtained by mixing a liquid, the paddy The mixture was added to 50 kg of crushed material and mixed well. The mixture was leveled up to the opening of a 1 L translucent plastic bottle container (I-Boy wide mouth 1 L, made of polypropylene, manufactured by As One Co., Ltd.). Subsequently, an oxygen scavenger (Modurlan W-1000 × 10 packets / container, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Food Techno Co., Ltd.) as a modifier for fermented feed production is enclosed to cover the exposed surface of crushed rice cake, Tightly closed and stored in a container. Thus, the sample of Example 1 was prepared. Three samples under this condition were prepared.
The air capacity of the oxygen scavenger is 10 L (1,000 mL × 10).
Also, the area of the oxygen scavenger, vertical: 5.0 cm × side: a 4.5 cm = 22.5cm ^2, coverage for the exposed surface 58.1Cm ² of crushed paddy, except for the overlapping portion , 64 area%.

  The sample of Example 1 was allowed to stand at room temperature for 57 days to produce silage of Example 1 as a fermented feed fermented with lactic acid bacteria (hereinafter, silage).

<Evaluation>
The produced silage of Example 1 was evaluated as follows.

<< Number of mold outbreaks and average number of days occurred >>
During the standing period of the sample (3) of Example 1, the container was visually observed from the outside of the container without opening the container every day, and the presence or absence of occurrence of mycelial shape (white to gray or green to black) was confirmed. . The number of specimens in which mold has occurred (the number of molds occurring) is shown in Table 1.
In addition, after the container was opened, silage was collected from the upper and lower portions of the container, and the number of mold generation (in three samples) at each site was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 2.
In addition, "upper part" is a site | part containing the exposed surface by the side of the container opening of the obtained fermented feed, and "lower part" is 1/2 height of the container bottom part of the obtained fermented feed, and the said fermented feed And a portion 8 cm or less downward from 1/2 height of the fermented feed. All were extract | collected from the site | part which does not contact the container side.

<< Concentration of lactic acid and acetic acid, lactic acid / acetic acid ratio >>
For the silage of Example 1, the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid were measured by the following method.
After opening the container, silage was taken from the top and bottom of the container. A silage extract was prepared by adding 10 mL of sterile purified water per 1 g of collected silage and mixing well.
20 mg of ion exchange resin (Amberlite IR 120B AG; manufactured by Organo Corporation) is added to 1.5 mL of the silage extract, stirred and centrifuged at 6,000 G for 5 minutes (CS-15R, Beckman Coulter, manufactured by Blair Co., Ltd.) after stirring. And pass the supernatant through a membrane filter (DISMIC 13HP045AN, made by Advantec Toyo Kaisha, Ltd.), and then high concentration liquid chromatography (Prominence organic acid analyzing system, made by Shimadzu Corporation) under the following conditions. Concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid Were measured and converted to the value per collected silage. The concentrations (mass%) of lactic acid and acetic acid thus obtained and the ratio of lactic acid / acetic acid (mass ratio) are shown in Table 2. In addition, in Table 2, each value was shown by average value +/- standard deviation.

-High performance liquid chromatography conditions-
Column: Shim-pack SCR-102H (made by Shimadzu Corporation)
Column temperature: 40 ° C
Detector: Conductivity detector Solvent: 1.0 mL / min (5 mmol / L p-toluenesulfonic acid)
Post column reaction solution: 1.0 mL / min [5 mmol / L p-toluenesulfonic acid, 20 mmol / L bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminotris (hydroxymethyl) methane (Bis-Tris), 100 μmol / L ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ( EDTA)]

  The concentration of lactic acid is a value that serves as an indicator of desired lactic acid fermentation, and the concentration of acetic acid is a value that serves as an indicator of unintended aerobic fermentation. Therefore, a higher value of lactic acid / acetic acid ratio (mass ratio) indicates that lactic acid fermentation is predominant, which is preferable. Also, if aerobic fermentation predominates, the concentration of acetic acid increases.

<< pH >>
The pH of the silage extract of Example 1 was measured at 25 ° C. using a pH meter (apparatus name: Laqua F-72, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, in Table 2, each value was shown by average value +/- standard deviation.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, except that an ethanol transpiration agent (Oitec L 5.0 G × 3 package / container, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was used in place of the above-mentioned oxygen scavenger as a modifying agent for fermented feed production. The silage of Example 2 was manufactured in the same manner as Example 1, and these evaluations were performed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
In addition, the amount of ethanol of the said ethanol evaporation agent is 7.5 mL (2.5 mL x 3).
In addition, the area of the above-mentioned ethanol evaporation agent is vertical: 7.0 cm × horizontal: 7.0 cm = 49.0 cm ² , and the coverage of the crushed surface of the milled rice to the exposed surface 58.1 cm ² is the same except for the overlapping portion. , 84 area%.

(Example 3)
In Example 1, in addition to the above-mentioned oxygen scavenger, an ethanol transpiration agent (Oitec L 5.0 G × 3 package / container, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Food Techno Co., Ltd.) was used as a modifier for producing fermented feed. The silage of Example 3 was manufactured in the same manner as Example 1, and these evaluations were performed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
In addition, the covering rate with respect to 58.1 cm < ² > of exposed surfaces of the crushed material of rice bran is 84 area% except an overlapping part.

(Comparative example 1)
A silage of Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that nothing was used as a modifier for fermented feed production in Example 1, and these evaluations were carried out. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(Example 4)
The silage of Example 4 is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that two needle holes are opened at the top of the lid portion of the container using a 0.8 mm gauge needle in Example 1, Evaluation was carried out. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
The needle holes are artificially provided in imitation of damage or the like due to deterioration of the container in actual use on farmland or the like.

(Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Example 2)
In Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1, the same procedure as in Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that two needle holes were opened using a 0.8 mm gauge needle at the top of the lid portion of the container. The silages of Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Example 2 were produced, respectively, and these evaluations were carried out. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

  Moreover, the graph which shows the lactic acid / acetic acid ratio (mass ratio) of Examples 1-3 and the comparative example 1 in FIG. 1 is shown.

From these results, in Examples 1 to 3 using the improver for fermented feed production of the present invention, the occurrence of mold (particularly, the occurrence of mold on the surface of the feed material causing a problem) is suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1. It turned out that Moreover, it turned out that the quality of fermentation which makes lactic acid / acetic acid ratio a parameter | index improves in the upper part and lower part of a container. Above all, in Example 3 in which the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol evaporating agent were used in combination, it was found that high-quality fermented feed with high lactic acid value and little variation was obtained in both the upper part and the lower part of the container. Moreover, in Example 3, since the difference of the lactic acid / acetic acid ratio in the upper part and lower part of a container was small, it turned out that the uniformity of fermentation is obtained irrespective of the site | part of a container.
In addition, in Comparative Example 2 of the conventional method, which simulates a container that has deteriorated and damaged, compared to Comparative Example 1 of the conventional method using a container that has not deteriorated, fermentation quality such as acetic acid concentration and lactic acid / acetic acid ratio is lower. Getting worse. In comparison with such Comparative Example 2, in Examples 4 to 6 in which the improver for fermented feed production of the present invention was used, the generation of mold (especially in Examples 5 to 6 using an ethanol transpiration agent) (especially It has been found that the problem of mold formation on the feed material surface is suppressed. In addition, it was found that the quality of fermentation using the ratio of lactic acid / acetic acid as an index is improved particularly in Examples 4 and 6 in which an oxygen scavenger is used. Among them, in Example 6 in which the oxygen scavenger and the ethanol evaporating agent were used in combination, it was found that high quality fermented feed having high lactic acid value can be obtained at both the upper and lower portions of the container. Moreover, in Example 6, since the difference of the lactic acid / acetic acid ratio in the upper part and lower part of a container was small, it turned out that the uniformity of fermentation is obtained irrespective of the site | part of a container.
Since these improvers for fermented feed production are placed on the exposed surfaces of feed materials, recovery after fermented feed production is easy.

Claims (5)

A method for producing a fermented feed in which a feed material is contained and fermented in a container,
A method of producing a fermented feed, wherein a combination of an oxygen scavenger containing iron powder and an ethanol transpiration agent covers at least a part of the exposed surface of the feed material. The method for producing a fermented feed according to claim 1, wherein the air volume of the oxygen scavenger is 0.01 to 20 times the volume of the container. The method for producing a fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the amount of ethanol of the ethanol evaporation agent is 0.01 mL to 20 mL per 1 L of the container volume. The method for producing a fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coverage of the feed material on the exposed surface is 10 area% or more. The method for producing a fermented feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the feed material is at least one of cereal and grass.