JP6526305B1 - In-house power generation control system, switchboard - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention realizes "simplification and accuracy improvement of load power measurement" and "precise control of a power conditioner" by controlling a power conditioner based on the sum of received power and power generation capacity. SOLUTION: A power conditioner 2 for converting a direct current or the like into an alternating current, a power receiving unit 3 connected to the power conditioner 2, a system K and a load F, and a control for controlling the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3 1 is a power generation control system 1 having a unit 4. Control unit 4 controls power conditioner 2 based on the sum of received power J and power generation H, and stops the conversion of power conditioner 2 to the insufficient power substantially zero state S1, to the reverse power generation state S2. It is also possible to shut off any circuit breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K, or measure the power generation H with the power generation meter 11 provided between the branch point 8 to the load F and the transformer 10 . In addition, a switchboard 50 provided with the circuit breaker 7, the transformer 10, the power generation meter 11 and the like, and a power receiving board 60 provided with the power receiving unit 3 and the like. [Selected figure] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention controls a power conditioner that converts direct current or alternating current from the outside of the system into alternating current, a power receiving unit respectively connected to the power conditioner, the grid and the load, and controls the power conditioner and / or the power receiving unit. The present invention relates to a power generation control system having a control unit, a switch board, a transformer, and a power receiving board.

Conventionally, a power control system is known (see Patent Document 1).
This power control system is disposed in a building, a power supply source including a fuel cell that generates power by a chemical reaction between fuel and an oxidant, a power generation device that generates power using natural energy, and a storage battery that stores power. Power consumption detecting unit for detecting the power consumption consumed by the consumed power consuming device, target power to be supplied to the power consuming device from the fuel cell and set in the building, and target power detection is set; Power consumption detected by the control unit and the target power, and the fuel among the power supplied from the power supply source to the power consuming device such that the power generated by the fuel cell becomes the target power And a power control unit that performs control to preferentially use power supplied from a battery.

JP, 2013-219932, A

However, although the power control system described in Patent Document 1 is simply described as "detecting the power consumption consumed by the power consumption device" in the claim 1, in fact, the power consumption in the building In addition to the devices, vehicles that are parked in a parking space provided adjacent to a building also have power consumption devices, and it is possible to obtain each power consumption of power consumption devices present in multiple locations and their totals, It is difficult in terms of hardware, and it is difficult to measure power consumption accurately.
As a result, in the power control system of Patent Document 1, the output of a power conditioner or the like, which is a device that converts the generated power from a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, etc. There is a risk that it can not be controlled.

  In view of such a point, the present invention does not need to directly measure the load power by controlling the power conditioner based on the sum of the received power and the generation power, etc. An object of the invention is to provide a power generation control system capable of improving accuracy and accurate control of a power conditioner, a switchboard, a transformer, and a power receiving board.

The power generation control system 1 according to the present invention includes a power conditioner 2 for converting direct current or alternating current from the outside of the system into alternating current, and a power receiving unit connected to the power conditioner 2, the grid K and the load F respectively. 3 and a power generation control system having a control unit 4 for controlling the power conditioner 2 and / or the power receiving unit 3, wherein the control unit 4 receives received power J received from the system K to the power receiving unit 3. Control the power conditioner 2 on the basis of the sum of the power generation capacity H output from the power conditioner 2 and branch from a branch point 8 in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3 The power receiving unit 3 is connected to the load F via the branch electric path 9, and the electric path between the branch point 8 and the power conditioner 2 is input from the power conditioner 2. Power H of the power generation meter 11 provided on the electric path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the branch point 8 has the transformer 10 for transforming the AC current into a higher voltage AC current. and then, at the receiving power meter 12 provided in the power receiving unit 3, the first feature that you have to measure the power receiving force J.
In the present invention, the "electric circuit" means to conduct electricity and includes a conductor such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, nichrome, a cable obtained by covering the conductor with an insulator, a general electric wire, etc. .

According to a second feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention, in addition to the first feature, the control unit 4 determines the power generation H based on the following equation (1) or (2). The target upper limit value THmax is derived and the power conditioner 2 is controlled .
In the formula (1) or the formula (2), the received power is J (t), with the received power being the generation power, the limiting coefficient, and the variation correspondence constant changing with time t, respectively. Is H (t), the limiting coefficient is A (t), the variation corresponding constant is B (t), and the limiting coefficient A (t) is a value of 0 or more and 1 or less.

According to a third feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, the power reception unit 3 is provided with a reverse power relay 6, and the control unit 4 includes the reverse power relay 6. When the reverse power G detected in the above becomes larger than 0, any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K is interrupted or the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped.

According to a fourth feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, the power receiving unit 3 is provided with a shortage power relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6, and the control unit 4 When the underpower U detected by the underpower relay 5 approaches 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped, and when the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes greater than 0, the power conditioner 2 From the power conditioner 2 to the grid K when any of the circuit breakers in the electric path from the power grid to the grid K is shut off, or when the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 approaches 0. of blocking one of the circuit breaker in path, the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 is in regard to Suspend conversion greater becomes than zero of the power conditioner 2.

Due to these characteristics, by causing the control unit 4 to control the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, the sum of the received power J and the generated power H consumes the load F. Unlike Patent Document 1, the load power D of the load F is directly measured (for example, the load power D of the load F existing in several places or the total thereof is obtained) because it corresponds to the load power D There is no need, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H is simple in hardware and easy to measure, and the accuracy is also improved ("Simplification of load power measurement and accuracy improvement").
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the power generation H ("proper control of the power conditioner").
In addition, it can be said that such a power generation control system 1 is a “self-consumption type power generation control system” suitable for self-consumption of the power generated by the user of the system 1.

In addition, when the shortage power U approaches 0 to the control unit 4 (so-called "when the shortage power is almost zero state S1"), the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped and the reverse power G becomes greater than 0 (so-called “When the reverse power generation state S2 is reached”, by interrupting any circuit breaker (such as the power generation circuit breaker 7 or the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′) from the power conditioner 2 to the grid (commercial power system) K, etc. Can be more reliably prevented and reduced in the two series (circuits) that backflow from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K occurs.
The control unit 4 may stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2 when the reverse power generation state S2 occurs.

  Furthermore, by controlling the conversion of the power conditioner 2 by measuring the power generation H with the power generation meter 11 provided between the transformer 10 and the branch point 8, the loss in the transformer 10 is also taken into consideration. More accurate and accurate generation power H can be measured, and further "accurate control of the power conditioner" can be achieved.

Switchboard 50 according to the present invention, the switchboard a housing 51, a direct current or alternating current in the switchboard cabinet direct current or in the power conditioner 2, or from the switchboard housing 51 for converting an alternating current to alternating current outside the 51 The power distribution board includes a transformer 10 for transforming alternating current from the power conditioner 2 for converting the current into an alternating current, and a power transmission unit 52 for transmitting the alternating current transformed by the transformer 10 to the outside of the switchboard case 51 The transformer 10 is externally attached to the switchboard case 51, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard case 51, and the power transmission unit 52 cuts off the alternating current transmitted to the outside of the switchboard case 51. breaker 7 is provided for, in the power generation power meter 11 provided on path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the circuit breaker 7 measures the power generation (H) output from the transformer 10, before Generating capacity meter 11 in the switchboard housing 51 also provided, and the generator power meter 11 power generation H measured by lineage K of the measured power reception power meter 12 provided in the switchboard housing 51 or outside the inner based on the sum of the power receiving force J from, the first feature that you control the power conditioner 2.

  A second feature of the switchboard 50 according to the present invention is, in addition to the first feature, the height of the switchboard housing 51 and the transformer 10 being 1500 mm or less.

These features make it possible to control the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H by using the switchboard 50, and the sum of the received power J and the generated power H is a load. Unlike in Patent Document 1, there is no need to directly measure the load power D of the load F because F corresponds to the load power D consumed by F, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H has a simple hardware structure. It becomes easy to measure, and the accuracy also increases (“Simplification of load power measurement and accuracy improvement”).
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the power generation H ("proper control of the power conditioner").
In addition, it can be said that such a switchboard 50 is a "private consumption switchboard" suitable for self-consumption of the electric power which the user of the said switchboard 50 generated.
In addition, by setting the height of the switchboard housing 51 and the transformer 10 to 1500 mm or less, the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, etc. can be easily provided below the solar battery (solar battery panel) T in the solar power generation plant 100. Therefore, the shadow of the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, etc. does not cover the solar cell panel T, and there is no need to provide a space for that, so more solar cell panels T can be installed by that amount. The amount of power generation of the power plant 100 is increased ("increase in amount of power generation").
And since switchboard 50, transformer 10, etc. are miniaturized so that they can be arranged under solar cell panel T, when installing solar power generation plant 100 in the land of a golf course ruins, a mountain area, etc. Even when the road for carrying in the switchboard 50 and the transformer 10 is narrow, it can be easily transported ("facilitation of transportation").
In the present invention, arranging at least the switchboard 50 and the transformer 10 below the solar cell panel T is also referred to as “panel downward arrangement”.

Other, transformer 10, the input alternating current, a transformer for transforming the higher pressure alternating current, the height of the transformer may it der below 1500 mm.

Due to this feature, if the transformer 10 is used, it becomes clear on which power generation meter 11 for controlling the power conditioner 2 to be provided based on the sum of the received power J and the power generation H, It is also possible to measure the power generation H with the power generation meter 11 provided between the transformer 10 and the branch point 8, and to control the conversion of the power conditioner 2, also consider the loss in the transformer 10 Therefore, the accuracy of the power generation H can be measured more accurately and accurately, which is different from the case of Patent Document 1, and the accuracy is also improved ("Simplification of load power measurement and accuracy improvement").
As a result, it can be said that the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled (“proper control of the power conditioner”) based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the power generation H.
In addition to this, "an increase in the amount of power generation" in the solar power generation plant 100 and "simplification of transportation" of the transformer 10 itself can be achieved.
In addition, it can be said that such a transformer 10 is a "private consumption type transformer" suitable for self-consumption of the electric power which the user of the said transformer 10 generated.

In addition, the power receiving board 60 includes a power receiving board case 61, a power conditioner 2 for converting direct current or alternating current outside the power receiving board case 61 into alternating current, and a system K outside the power receiving board case 61. And the power receiving unit 3 having the power receiving unit 3 connectable to the load F outside the power receiving unit case 61, wherein the power receiving unit 3 is provided in the power receiving unit case 61, and the power receiving unit 3 is insufficient. A power relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6, and a power receiver 12 for measuring the received power J received from the grid K to the power receiver 3 are provided, and the power reception in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and grid K is provided. either in part 3, the breaker 7 'may be provided.

With this feature, the power receiving board 60 can be used to control the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, and the sum of the received power J and the generated power H is a load. Unlike in Patent Document 1, there is no need to directly measure the load power D of the load F because F corresponds to the load power D consumed by F, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H has a simple hardware structure. It becomes easy to measure, and the accuracy also increases (“Simplification of load power measurement and accuracy improvement”).
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the power generation H ("proper control of the power conditioner").
In addition, it can be said that such a power receiving board 60 is a "self-consumption type power receiving board" suitable for self-consumption of the power generated by the user of the power receiving board 60.

  According to the power generation control system, switchboard, transformer, and power receiving panel according to the present invention, “Simplification / accuracy of load power measurement can be achieved by controlling the power conditioner based on the sum of received power and power generation. It is possible to realize “improvement” and “accurate control of power conditioner”.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a power generation control system, a switchboard, a transformer, and a power receiving board according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a power generation control system, a switchboard, a transformer, and a power receiving board according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Overall Configuration of Power Generation Control System 1 of First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a power generation control system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The power generation control system 1 includes a power conditioner 2 and a power receiving unit 3 which will be described later, and a control unit 4 which controls these.
The above-described power reception unit 3 is connected to the power conditioner 2, the grid K, and the load F, respectively. Here, the grid K and the load F will be described below.

<Strain K>
As shown in FIG. 1, the grid K is also referred to as a commercial power grid, and is a system in which power generation, transformation, transmission, and distribution are integrated to supply power to a power receiving facility of a customer.
The grid K supplies power such as 6600 V or 22000 V, 60 Hz or 50 Hz, etc., from a substation of a power company or the like with three-phase three-wire (3φ 3 W). In addition, you may supply electric power, such as single phase 2 wire | line (1 (phi) 2W) and 1phi 3 W (single phase 3 wire), from a pole transformer.

<Load F, Load Power D>
As shown in FIG. 1, the load F is a device that consumes the received power J from the grid K via the power receiving unit 3, the power generation H output from the power conditioner 2, etc. The power consumed by the load F is referred to as load power (also referred to as power consumption) D.
The load F may have any configuration as long as it consumes the received power J and the power generation H. For example, in the factory, it is an industrial motor (IM, Industrial Motor) F, or lighting in the factory. It may be an F, an illumination distribution board F1 connected to the plurality of illuminations F, or the like.

The load F may be an air conditioner in a building such as a house or a building, a fluorescent light, an electric car, a vehicle such as an electric car or a gasoline car, a device in the vehicle, or the like other than the device in the factory.
In addition, the load F includes a transformer (so-called step-down transformer) F2 that transforms (steps down) the received power J from the grid K via the power receiving unit 3 and the power generation H from the power conditioner 2. Or, the high voltage AC load switch (LBS, Load Break Switch) F3 is provided on the electric path between the transformer F2 and the power receiving unit 3 (or the power conditioner 2), or the industrial described above with the transformer F2. A circuit breaker (MCCB, Molded Case Circuit Break) F4 may be provided on an electric path between the motor (or the illumination) F and the like.
The high voltage AC load switch F3 may have a fuse such as a high voltage current limiting fuse.

The configuration of the transformer F2 at the load F is also not particularly limited, but for example, for industrial motors (for power), step down 6600 V, 22000 V, etc. to 440 V, 210 V, etc. with three-phase three-wire (3φ3 W) If it is a configuration or for illumination (for a lamp), it may be configured to step down 6600 V or 22000 V or the like to 105 V or more and 210 V or less with a single-phase three-wire (1φ3 W).
For the load F, such a transformer F2 may not be provided. In this case, another transformer may be provided on the power receiving unit 3 side, or the output from the power conditioner 2 may be the transformer F2. It may be configured to be directly connected to the load F without intervention.

The power consumed by the entire load F is the load power D, and not only the sum of the power consumed by each load F itself, but also the power loss in the transformer F2 and the power distribution board F1 Power may be included.
The number of loads F may be one or more, but even if there is only one load F, if it also has the transformer F2, the power including the power loss is the load It becomes electric power D.

The power generation control system 1 having the power receiving unit 3 connected to such a load F includes, in addition, the insufficient power relay 5, the reverse power relay 6, the circuit breaker (the power generation circuit breaker 7, the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) The unit 10, the power generation meter 11, and the power receiver 12 may be included.
The load F is connected to the power receiving unit 3 via a branch electric path (load branch electric path) 9 branched from a branch point (load branch point) 8 in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3 described later. (In other words, even if the load F and the power conditioner 2 (the transformer 10 or the circuit breaker (generator breaker) 7 ′) etc. are connected in parallel to the power receiving unit 3) good).
In this case, it can be said that the load F is also connected to the power conditioner 2 via the branch point 8 and the branch electric path 9, and the load F may also consume the power generation H output from the power conditioner 2. It can.

Further, when there are a plurality of loads F, naturally, the above-mentioned load branch points 8 and load branch lines 9 are also plural, and the number of load branch points 8 and load branch lines 9 is equal to the number of loads F. It can be said that we are doing.
In addition, the power generation control system 1 may be used for a power generation plant such as a solar power generation plant 100 or a wind power generation plant.
Hereinafter, the solar power generation plant 100 will be mainly described.

<Solar power plant 100, grid K etc>
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar power generation plant 100 has a switchboard 50 including a transformer 10, a switchboard case 51, a power transmission unit 52, etc., which will be described later, in addition to the power generation control system 1 described above. It does not matter.
In the solar power generation plant 100, the switchboard 50 described above is connected to the grid K having a steel tower or an electric pole as an end via the power receiving unit 3 and a distribution cable to be described later. Alternatively, the power receiving unit 3 may be provided in the power receiving panel case 61 of the power receiving board 60 other than the power distribution board 50.

The solar power generation plant 100 may have a plurality of solar cells T, power conditioners 2, transformers 10, power transmission units 52, switchboards 50, and the like.
Furthermore, in the case where there are a plurality of solar cells T, the solar power generation plant 100 may have a plurality of connection boxes (with a circuit breaker or the like) electrically connected to a predetermined number of the plurality of solar cells T. The switchboard 50 is in conduction with the plurality of junction boxes, but the function of the junction box may be built in the switchboard 50. In this case, each of the switchboards 50 has a predetermined number of solar cells T It will be in direct communication with each other.

The voltage at the time of power transmission from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K may be a voltage that can be sold or purchased (for example, 6600 V), but as a higher voltage (for example, extra high voltage) , 22000 V, etc.). In this case, the power receiving unit 3 includes a transformer (boost) that boosts pressure to a trip.
The solar cells T, switchboard 50, power receiver board 60, etc. are arranged according to the size and shape of the land to be installed. For example, the power of one switchboard 50 is, for example, 1500 kW (per power conditioner) It is good also as a solar power generation plant 100 which provided 250 kW and set this switchboard 50 in multiple units (for example, 15000 kW (15 MW) or more by 30 or more and 30000 kW (30 MW) by 60).

The weight of the switchboard 50 and the power receiver board 60 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 to 10 ton, preferably 1 to 5 ton, and more preferably 1 to 3 ton. The following may be sufficient.
The solar cell T in such a solar power generation plant 100 will be described below.

<Solar cell T>
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell T may have a panel shape (flat plate shape) or the like, and when it is irradiated with light, DC power is generated between the positive electrode (+ electrode) and the negative electrode (− electrode). And the average of the generated power is 100 W or more and 400 W or less (for example, 250 W).
Among these, connect the-pole of another solar cell T to the + pole of one solar cell T, connect the-pole of another solar cell T to the + pole of another solar cell T, and so on. Repeatedly, a plurality of (for example, 5 to 20) solar cells T are connected in series to form one solar cell string.

Thus, the voltage between the positive pole (power output end) as a whole of the solar cell string in which a plurality of solar cells T are connected in series and the negative pole (ground end) is generated in each solar cell T. A sum of DC voltages, which fluctuates due to weather, time, deterioration of each solar cell T, failure, displacement of the installation position, etc., is 200 V or more and 1500 V or less.
The power output from the power output terminal of the solar cell string is the sum of the power of each solar cell T, and is 500 W or more and 6000 W or less (for example, when 14 solar cells T with an output power of 250 W are connected, It becomes 3500W = 3.5kW).

Here, to connect the solar cells T in series means that even if one of the solar cells T generates a defective solar cell T, the current is interrupted in the solar cell T, and the other solar cells T It becomes difficult to output the power generated by the battery T.
Therefore, by providing a bypass diode (not shown) for each solar cell T connected in series, the current is configured to bypass the solar cell T in which a failure occurs.

The bypass diode is connected in parallel to the solar cell T in the direction in which the current flows from the − pole to the + pole. More specifically, the cathode (cathode) of the bypass diode is the + pole of the solar cell T. Connected, the anode (anode) of the bypass diode is connected to the-pole of the solar cell T.
Such a solar cell T may be installed on the installation surface via a gantry.

The installation surface of the solar cell T (or the mount) is the installation surface on which the above-described solar power generation system 10 and the switchboard 50 are installed, and any surface can be installed as long as the solar cell T can be installed. Although it is good, for example, it may be a ground of a golf course or a mountainous area, a vacant land, a fallow land, a farmland, etc., a ground with soil, a roof or a roof of a building, a wall or the like.
The gantry may support the solar cell T in a predetermined direction (for example, to be lower toward the south) in order to increase the amount of power generation of the solar power generation plant 100, and the angle may be sufficient to generate power. As long as an amount can be obtained, it may be any number of times, for example, 10 degrees or 5 degrees.

<Power conditioner 2>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power conditioner 2 is configured to convert the DC current from the outside of the power generation control system 1 such as the solar cell T described above, the AC current from the AC motor of the wind power generator, etc. It is a device that converts it into AC power that matches the phase etc and outputs it.
Power conditioner 2 includes an inverter device for converting direct current from solar cell T or the like to alternating current (for example, 100 V or more and 440 V or less), and a control unit for controlling the voltage and frequency of AC converted by the inverter device. And an air circuit breaker (ACB) or the like.

The power conditioner 2 may be provided with rotary fan-like air blowing means for escaping the air therein, in a housing in which the inverter device, the control unit, the circuit breaker and the like are built.
Such a power conditioner 2 is also referred to as a power conditioner 2 for short.

The power conditioner 2 is controlled to limit (suppress) the power generation H output from the power conditioner 2 to a predetermined value (such as a target upper limit value) by a signal from the control unit 4 described later. (It may be so-called "output limited state S3").
The power conditioner 2 may be configured to stop the conversion in the power conditioner 2 in response to a signal from the insufficient power relay 5 or the reverse power relay 6 or the like (described later). It can be said that the generation power H is not output from the
The number of power conditioners 2 may be one or more as described above.
When there are multiple power conditioners 2, even if conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped by the signal from the insufficient power relay 5 etc. described later, conversion of all the power conditioners 2 is stopped at one time First, at least some of the power conditioners 2 may stop converting.

The power conditioner 2 is provided in the switchboard case 51 of the switchboard 50 having the transformer 10 and the power transmission unit 52 described above, or is incorporated in a case (power cabinet) other than the switchboard 50. It is good.
In the case of being incorporated in a power control case, a plurality of power control cases (that is, power conditioners 2) are dispersedly provided in one solar power generation plant 100 (below the solar cell T, etc.) I don't care.

<Transformer 10>
As shown in FIG. 1, the transformer 10 according to the present invention transforms (boosts) the alternating current from the one or more power conditioners 2 described above into a higher voltage alternating current (so-called, Step-up transformer).
This transformer 10 may have any configuration as long as it transforms alternating current outside the switchboard case 51 described later into a higher voltage alternating current, but for example, it is attached to the switchboard case 51 from the outside It may be provided on the side outer surface of the body 51 or the like.

Moreover, it can be said that the transformer 10 is provided in the electric path between the branch point (load branch point) 8 to the load F described above and the power conditioner 2 as the entire power generation control system 1.
When there are a plurality of loads F, the transformer 10 is provided in the electric path between the load branch point 8 closest to the power conditioner 2 among the plurality of load branch points 8 and the power conditioner 2 It can be said that

The upper surface of the transformer 10 may be provided with a cable from the outside of the switchboard case 51 or the like, or a connection portion (connection terminal) with a cable to the power transmission unit 52 described later. And may have a radiation fin.
The transformer 10 may convert alternating current (for example, 100 V or more and 440 V or less) from the outside of the switchboard casing 51 or the like into higher voltage alternating current (for example, 6600 V or 22000 V) suitable for power transmission.

The transformer 10 may have a sufficient capacity while lowering its height depending on the construction of the iron core, and the specific height of such a transformer 10 is not particularly limited, for example, 1500 mm Or less (900 mm or more and 1500 mm or less), preferably 1400 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1400 or less), more preferably 1200 mm or less (95 mm or more and 1200 mm or less), more preferably 1150 mm or less (950 mm or more and 1150 mm or less, 1100 mm, etc.) It may be
The capacity of the transformer 10 is also not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 50 kVA to 1000 kVA, preferably 100 kVA to 800 kVA, and more preferably 200 kVA to 700 kVA (500 kVA, 330 kVA, etc.).

Such a transformer 10 may be, for example, used for interconnection, and may be configured to boost 100 V or more and 440 V or less to 6600 V, 22000 V or the like with a three-phase three-wire (3φ3 W).
Here, when the transformer 10 is a three-phase three-wire, how to assemble the iron cores is arranged in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) in a state that four substantially ro-shaped iron cores long in the vertical direction (vertical direction) contact each other A wire (such as a copper wire) is wound around three parts where two adjacent iron cores are in contact with each other to form a coil, and each coil has a low voltage winding inside and a high voltage winding outside (or A low voltage winding is wound on the outer side, a high voltage winding is wound on the outer side, an intermediate voltage winding is wound between the low voltage winding and the high voltage winding, and an insulator is disposed between the windings.

Each iron core may be a laminated iron core in which thin iron plates are laminated.
Moreover, it can be said that such a transformer 10 is a so-called transformer.
Furthermore, the number of transformers 10 may also be one or more, as described above.
A plurality of transformers 10 may be dispersedly provided in one solar power generation plant 100 (below the solar battery T, etc.).

<Power transmission unit 52, circuit breaker (generator breaker) 7>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power transmission unit 52 is a portion that transmits the alternating current from the transformer 10 described above to the outside of the switchboard case 51.
The power transmission unit 52 may have any configuration as long as it transmits the alternating current from the transformer 10 to the outside of the switchboard case 51. For example, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard case 51, a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB), etc. Circuit breaker (so-called generator circuit breaker) 7 or a lightning arrester (SAR).

In the power transmission unit 52, after the alternating current from the transformer 10 described above passes through the above-described generator breaker 7 etc., it is connected to the grid K via the distribution cable as the outside of the switchboard case 51 or The power transmission unit 52 is finally electrically connected to the grid K and configured to be able to transmit power, such as connecting to the grid K via the power receiving panel 60 that collects the power from the plurality of switchboard enclosures 51 (that is, switchboard 50). It is good if it is.
The power transmission unit 52 can also be referred to as a transmitter, and can also be referred to as a special-purpose unit when transmitting a special high voltage (for example, 22000 V or the like).
Also, as described above, the number of power transmission units 52 may be one or more, but may be the same as the number of transformers 10 described above.

The power generation circuit breaker 7 in the power transmission unit 52 may be rotatable, for example, in the back and forth direction to improve maintainability, and a control unit 4 (or reverse power relay 6 or insufficient power relay 5 described later) It is good also as composition cut off via a tripping tripping coil etc. by the signal from)).
Such a power generation circuit breaker 7 is provided in the power transmission unit 52 so that, among the power conditioner 2 to the grid K, the above-described transformer 10 (the high voltage side of the transformer 10) and the load described above As a result, the power path H is not output from the power conditioner 2 by interrupting the electric path between the branch point 8 and the power generation circuit breaker 7 or the power reception circuit breaker 7 'described later. Alternatively, it can be said that the current does not flow from the power receiving unit 3 into the system K).
When there are a plurality of loads F, the generator breaker 7 is connected to the load branch point 8 closest to the power conditioner 2 among the plurality of load branch points 8 and the electric path between the power conditioner 2 It can be said that it is provided.

<Power generation H, power generation meter 11>
As shown in FIG. 1, the generation power H is the power output from the above-described power conditioner 2 and can be said to be the generation power H. The power generation meter 11 is a power meter that measures this generation power H is there.
The power generator 11 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the power generation H. For example, the above-described transformer 10 (the high voltage side of the transformer 10) and the above-described generator breaker 7 may be used. It may be provided on the electric path between them (and in the power transmission unit 52 described above).
When the power generation meter 11 is provided on the electric path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the power generation circuit breaker 7, the measurement value of the power generation meter 11, which is the output from the transformer 10, is obtained by the power conditioner 2. The power generation capacity H output from is assumed (considered).

Such a power generation meter 11 is, for example, an instrument current transformer provided in the power transmission unit 52 (for example, an electric path between the above-described generator breaker 7 and the transformer 10 (the high voltage side of the transformer 10)). (CT, Current Transformer, so-called power generation CT) 11a, Overcurrent relay (OCR, Over Current Relay, so-called power generation OCR) 11b connected to the current transformer 11a, and this overcurrent relay 11b An ammeter (so-called generated current meter) 11c connected, a power meter connected to the output side of the ammeter 11c and the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a in the power receiving unit 3 described later (power generation meter in a narrow sense) 11 d and an output unit 11 e that digitizes the measured value from the power meter 11 d and outputs the result to the control unit 4.
The output from the power conditioner 2 is controlled by the control unit 4 described later on the basis of the value of the generated power H measured by the power generation meter 11 and the received power J measured by the power reception meter 12 described later. .

<Power reception unit 3, circuit breaker (power reception circuit breaker) 7 '>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power receiving unit 3 is a portion connected to the above-described power conditioner 2, the grid K, and the load F, and is provided with a power receiver 12 described later.
Further, the power reception unit 3 may be provided with an insufficient power relay 5 described later or a reverse power relay 6.
The power receiving unit 3 may have any configuration as long as it is connected to the power conditioner 2, the grid K, and the load F, for example, in the power receiving panel case 61 and the switchboard case 51 described later. And may be provided with a circuit breaker (so-called power reception circuit breaker) 7 'such as a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB), a lightning arrester (SAR), an instrument transformer (VT, Voltage Transformer) 3a, or the like.

The power receiving circuit breaker 7 'in the power receiving unit 3 may also be interrupted by a signal from the control unit 4 (or the reverse power relay 6 or the insufficient power relay 5) described later via a tripping trip coil or the like. .
Such power reception circuit breaker 7 ′ blocks the electric path in the power reception unit 3 from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K by being provided in the power reception unit 3.

The instrument transformer 3a in the power receiving unit 3 is an electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the system K and on the electric path in the power receiving unit 3 closer to the system K (closer to the system K) than the above described power receiving circuit breaker 7 '. Provided in
The high-voltage side of such an instrument transformer 3a is an electric path closer to the grid K (closer to the grid K) than the power receiving circuit breaker 7 'and a branch electric path (transformer from a branch point (transformer branch point) 3b in the electric path) The low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a is connected via the power distribution path 3c, and the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a is the power generation meter 11 described above (power generation meter 11d in a narrow sense) and the power receiver 12 described later , The under power relay 5, the reverse power relay 6 and the like.

The configuration of the instrument transformer 3a in the power reception unit 3 is also not particularly limited, but may be configured to step down 6600 V, 22000 V, etc. to 110 V, for example.
In the power receiving unit 3, a high voltage current limiting fuse 3 d (PF, Power Fuse) may be provided in an electric path between the instrument transformer 3 a and the transformation branch point 3 b.

<Received power J, Received power meter 12>
As shown in FIG. 1, the received power J is the power received from the system K to the power receiving unit 3 described above, and can be said to be the received power J. The power receiver 12 measures the received power J It is.
The power receiver 12 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the received power J. For example, in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the grid K and in the power receiving unit 3, the above-described power reception It may be provided on an electric path closer to the power conditioner 2 (closer to the power conditioner 2) than the circuit breaker 7 '.

Such a power receiver 12 may be, for example, an instrument current transformer (CT, Current Transformer, so-called power receiving CT) 12a provided on a power path closer to the power conditioner 2 than the above-described power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', An overcurrent relay (OCR, Over Current Relay, so-called received electricity OCR) 12b connected to the current transformer 12a, and an ammeter (received current ammeter) 12c connected to the overcurrent relay 12b, A power meter (power receiving power meter in a narrow sense) 12d connected to the output side of the ammeter 12c and the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a described above, and a control unit by digitizing measured values from the power meter 12d You may have the output part 12e which outputs to 4.
The output from the power conditioner 2 is controlled by the control unit 4 described later on the basis of the value of the received power J measured by the power receiver 12 and the generated power H measured by the power generation meter 11 described above. .

<Under-power U, Under-power relay 5>
As shown in FIG. 1, when the short circuit (short circuit) occurs on the above-described system K side, the insufficient power U is an electric power representing a shortage of received power J at the power receiving unit (power receiving end) 3, If the power generation H from the power conditioner 2 described above becomes too large, it can be said that the insufficient power U approaches zero.
The under power relay (UPR, Under Power Relay) 5 is a relay that is provided in the above-described power receiving unit 3 and detects the insufficient power U.

The short power relay 5 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the short power U. For example, the short power relay 5 is provided on the electric path between the above-described power receiving OCR 12 b and the power receiving ammeter 12 c It may be connected to the low voltage side of the transformer 3a.
When the underpower U detected by the underpower relay 5 approaches 0 (so-called "underpower nearly zero state S1"), the control unit 4 described later stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above, Alternatively, any circuit breaker (such as the power generation circuit breaker 7 and the power reception circuit breaker 7 ′) in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K described above may be shut off.

  Here, in the present invention, “the underpower U approaches 0 (zero)” means that the underpower U is “greater than 0 W (watts) (that is, does not include 0 W)” and “below the value near 0 W”. In the present invention, “value near 0 W” may be a value larger than 0 W, and may be set according to the resolution of the under power relay 5 to be used, or to a predetermined value of the under power U, etc. For example, it may be 1 kW (1000 W), 1 W, 1 mW, 1 μW or the like.

<Reverse power G, reverse power relay 6>
As shown in FIG. 1, the reverse power G is power that flows back from the power receiving unit 3 to the grid K, and can be said to be backflow power G, and the reverse power relay (RPR, Reverse Power Relay) 6 is also the power receiving unit described above. 3 is a relay provided to detect the reverse power G.
The reverse power relay 6 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the reverse power G. For example, the reverse power relay 6 is provided in an electric path between the above-described under power relay 5 and the receiving current meter 12c and described above It may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.

When the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0 (so-called “reverse power generation state S2”), one of the power conditioner 2 to the grid K described above is Alternatively, the circuit breaker (the power generation circuit breaker 7 or the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′, etc.) may be shut off, or the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above may be stopped.
In addition, when the reverse power relay 6 detects the reverse power G, when interrupting the circuit breaker described above in hardware (for example, via a tripping trip coil etc.), the reverse power relay 6 itself will be described later. It can be said that the control unit 4

  Here, “the reverse power G becomes larger than 0” in the present invention means that the reverse power G becomes strictly larger than 0 W (0 mW, 0 μW, etc.) (naturally, 0 W is not included). Depending on the resolution and setting of the reverse power relay 6 used, it means that the reverse power G means “greater than 0 W” and “becomes less than the value that can be regarded as 0 W”, and can be regarded as “0 W” in the present invention The “value” may be set according to the resolution of the reverse power relay 6 to be used or set to a predetermined value of the insufficient power U, and may be, for example, 1 mW, 1 μW, 1 nW, or the like.

<Other devices in power reception unit 3>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power reception unit 3 may be additionally provided with an under voltage relay 21, an over voltage relay 22, an under frequency relay (also referred to as a frequency reduction relay) 23, and an over frequency relay 24.
Furthermore, the power receiving unit 3 may be provided with the disconnector 25, the instrument transformer transformer 26, the watt-hour meter 27, and the pole air switch 28.

The under voltage relay (UVR, Under Voltage Relay) 21 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an under voltage, and any configuration may be used as long as the under voltage can be detected. It may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the undervoltage detected by the undervoltage relay 21 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined voltage (for example, 100V, 200V, etc. from 6600V, 22000V, etc.)), the controller 4 described later Although any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 7, power reception circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) from power conditioner 2 to grid K may be shut off, this shutoff occurs when reverse power generation state S2 described above is entered. It can be said that the priority is lower.
When the undervoltage relay 21 detects the undervoltage, the undervoltage relay 21 itself will be described later when the circuit breaker described above is shut off in hardware (for example, via a tripping trip coil etc.) It can be said that it is the control unit 4.

The over voltage relay (OVR, Over Voltage Relay) 22 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an over voltage, and any configuration may be used as long as the over voltage can be detected. It may be connected to the low pressure side of the vessel 3a.
When the overvoltage detected by the overvoltage relay 22 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined voltage (e.g., 100 V, 200 V, etc. from 6600 V, 22000 V, etc.)), the controller 4 described later It is possible to shut off any circuit breaker from the power supply 2 to the system K, but it can be said that the shutoff is also lower in priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is reached.
In addition, when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage relay 22, when interrupting the circuit breaker mentioned above in a hardware manner, it can be said that the said overvoltage relay 22 itself is the control part 4 mentioned later.

The under frequency relay (UFR, Under Frequency Relay) 23 in the power reception unit 3 is a relay for detecting the under frequency, and any configuration may be used as long as the under frequency can be detected. It may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the under frequency detected by the under frequency relay 23 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 Hz or more and 10 Hz or less) from 60 Hz or 50 Hz), the control unit 4 described later Although any circuit breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the system K may be shut off, it can be said that this interruption is also lower in priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is reached.
When the underfrequency relay 23 detects the underfrequency, if the circuit breaker described above is shut off in hardware, it can be said that the underfrequency relay 23 itself is the control unit 4 described later.

The over frequency relay (OFR) 24 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an over frequency, and any configuration may be used as long as the over frequency can be detected. It may be connected to the low voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the over frequency detected by the over frequency relay 24 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined frequency (e.g., 1 Hz to 10 Hz) from 60 Hz or 50 Hz), the control unit 4 described later Although any circuit breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the system K may be shut off, it can be said that this interruption is also lower in priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is reached.
When the over frequency relay 24 detects an over frequency, if the circuit breaker described above is cut off in hardware, it can be said that the over frequency relay 24 itself is also the control unit 4 described later.

The disconnecting switch (DS, Disconnecting Switch) 25 in the power receiving unit 3 opens / closes the circuit in a state where no current flows in the circuit of the power generation control system 1 or the solar power generation plant 100 using the power generation control system 1. The disconnector 25 has no function to shut off the current, and after the current is shut off by another circuit breaker (such as the power receiving circuit breaker 7 'or the power generation circuit breaker 7), switching of the circuit breaker is performed. Do.
The disconnecting switch 25 may have any configuration as long as it can open and close the circuit in a state where no current flows, for example, the branch point (metamorphic branch point) 3b to the instrument transformer 3a described above It may be provided in the electric path between the grids K.

The instrument variable transformer (VCT, Combined Voltage and Current Transformer) 26 in the power receiving unit 3 is an apparatus in which an instrument transformer (VT) and an instrument current transformer (CT) are combined into one, and A device for measuring current or voltage flowing into (or flowing out to grid K) from power source K from power source K, and power meter 27 is combined with the above-described instrumental transformer current transformer 26 to receive power from grid K It is a device that measures the amount of power flowing into the unit 3 (or flowing out from the power receiving unit 3 to the grid K).
The measuring transformer current transformer 26 may have any configuration as long as it can measure current or voltage flowing from the grid K into the power receiving unit 3 or the like. For example, the measuring transformer current transformer 26 It may be provided in the electric path between the disconnector 25 described above and the system K.
Also, the watt-hour meter 27 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the amount of power when it flows into the power receiving unit 3 from the system K, for example, it may be connected to the instrument transformer The measured values of current and voltage output from the instrument transformer current transformer 26 are input, and a value (product of voltage and current) obtained by multiplying the current and voltage is integrated to measure the amount of power. Also good.
Here, the watt-hour meter 27 can be said to be for purchasing when measuring the amount of power flowing into the power receiving unit 3 from the system K, and conversely, when measuring the amount of power flowing out from the power receiving unit 3 into the system K It can be said that it is for electric power sales. The power meter 27 may be a pot-type electrical product defined in the Electrical Supplies Safety Act.

Pole air switches (PAS, Pole Air Switches) 28 in the power receiving unit 3 are devices used to open and close the division points between the power generation control system 1 and the solar power generation plant 100 and the grid K.
The pole air switch 28 may have any configuration as long as it can open and close the responsibility division point between the power generation control system 1 or the solar power generation plant 100 and the grid K, but, for example, the meter described above It may be provided in the electric path between the transformer transformation current transformer 26 and the grid K.

<Control unit 4>
As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 4 is a part that controls the above-described power conditioner 2 and / or the power reception unit 3.
The control unit 4 controls the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J received from the system K to the power receiving unit 3 and the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2 described above.

In addition, when the shortage power U detected by the above-described shortage power relay 5 approaches 0 (that is, when the shortage power is substantially zero), the control unit 4 stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above. When the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 described above becomes greater than 0 (that is, when the reverse power generation state S2 occurs), the control unit 4 causes the power conditioner 2 to the grid K to It is also possible to shut off any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker, power reception circuit breaker 7 ′, etc.) in the electric path.
In this case, in the actual power generation control system 1, it can be said that the reverse power generation state S2 often occurs after the insufficient power approximate zero state S1 first, and the insufficient power approximate zero state S1 tends to occur first. Then, to stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2 working in the direction to reduce the shortage power U (closer to 0), the reverse power generation state S2 will be very small thereafter and the conversion of the power conditioner 2 When resuming, it is not necessary to match the output from the power conditioner 2 to the voltage, phase, etc. of the system K, and the power generation control system 1 can be restored in a shorter time and with less effort (system restoration) It can also be said that the
In addition, conversely, when any circuit breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K is shut off in the case of the insufficient power almost zero state S1 which is likely to occur earlier, when the circuit breaker is connected again, the power conditioner 2 It can be said that the output needs to be adjusted to the voltage, phase, etc. of the system K.
In addition, contrary to the above, the control unit 4 causes any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K (the power generation circuit breaker or the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ') when the insufficient power substantially zero state S1 is entered. Etc.), and the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above may be stopped or the like when the reverse power generation state S2 ′ ′ is reached.

The control unit 4 can be said to include the reverse power relay 6 in the control unit 4 when the circuit breaker such as the power generation circuit breaker 7 is cut off by hardware when the reverse power generation state S2 is reached.
This is because, as described above, when the undervoltage is detected by the undervoltage relay 21, the circuit breaker is cut off by hardware, or when the overvoltage relay 22 detects an over voltage, the circuit breaker is cut by hardware. If the circuit breaker is shut off in hardware when the under frequency is detected by the under frequency relay 23, the circuit breaker is shut off in hardware when the over frequency is detected by the over frequency relay 24. In the same way, it can be said that the under voltage relay 21, the overvoltage relay 22, the under frequency relay 23, and the over frequency relay 24 are included in the control unit 4.

As long as the control unit 4 controls the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the power generation H, any control method may be used. For example, the formula (1) shown below The target upper limit value (power generation target upper limit value) TH _max of the power generation H may be derived based on the equation (2).
In Equation (1) and Equation (2), received power J and power generation H, limit coefficient A (limit coefficient A applied to the sum of received power J and power H corresponding to load power D), response to fluctuation Assuming that the constant B changes with time t, the received power is J (t), the power generation is H (t), the limiting coefficient A (t), and the variation correspondence constant is B (t). The unit of each of the received power J (t), the power generation H (t), and the fluctuation corresponding constant B (t) is kW or the like.

Here, the received power J (t) and the generated power H (t) may be measured at predetermined time intervals (even at a predetermined sampling time) by the power reception meter 12 and the power generation meter 11 described above. For example, the sampling time may be one second or more and ten seconds or less, such as every one second or every five seconds.
The limiting coefficient A (t) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a value of 0 or more and 1 or less (that is, 0% or more and 100% or less, 90% or 95%, 98%, 99%, 100%, etc.) The variation correspondence constant B (t) is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0 kW or more and 20 kW or less.

The limitation coefficient A (t) and the variation correspondence constant B (t) do not have to be finely changed at each predetermined sampling time, and for example, predetermined values at rough intervals (every hour or 30 minutes) As a matter of fact, more specifically, “from 0 am to 9 am” and “from 5 pm to 12 pm” are A (t) = 1.00 (100%), It is good also as B (t) = 0 kW etc., and "A 9 t to 5 o'clock" as A (t) = 0.90 (90%), B (t) = 10 kW etc.
Such a control unit 4 sets the maximum power generation target H actually output from the power conditioner 2 to the power generation target upper limit value TH _max derived by the above-mentioned equation (1) or (2). Power point tracking control (MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Control) or the like may be performed.

Besides, if the surplus purchase control is performed, the control unit 4 is detected not only by the power generation target upper limit value TH _max but also by the above-mentioned insufficient power relay 5 according to the output restriction (output control) command from the electric power company. It is also possible to control the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U and the interruption according to the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 described above.
That is, the control unit 4
<1> In the time period when the power company does not issue the output restriction command (for example, "from midnight to 9 am" and "from 3 pm to 12 pm"), basically, the power conditioning Supply power H output from the power supply 2 to the load F side and the power receiving unit 3 side,
<1-1> When surplus power is generated on the load F side, the surplus power will be flowed (sold for sale) to the grid K side via the power receiving unit 3,
<1-2> When the power on the load F side is insufficient, the power for the shortage will be flowed from the grid K side to the load F side via the power receiving unit 3 (purchased),
In <1-1> and <1-2>, the control unit 4 detects the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5 or the reverse power relay 6 You may make it not perform interruption according to reverse power G.
Furthermore, the control unit 4
<2> A time limit during which an output restriction command is issued from the electric power company (for example, an output restriction command such as 40% in "from 9 am to 3 pm", etc.) ) In the time zone etc. in which KH _{max is set} to 40% of the maximum power generation capacity of the solar power generation plant 100 etc., etc.) basically, the power generation power H output from the power conditioner 2 Is always controlled,
<2-1> If (sum of received power J and generated power H) is larger than the system output upper limit value KH _max (that is, when the load power D is larger than the system output upper limit value KH _max ), the power conditioning is actually performed. Control so that the power generation capacity H output from the power supply 2 becomes the power generation target upper limit value TH _max derived by the above-mentioned equation (1) or (2) ("output restriction state S3"),
In <2-1>, the control unit 4 responds to the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5, and according to the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6. Let me shut off,
<2-2> If (sum of received power J and power generation H) is smaller than system output upper limit value KH _max (that is, if load power D is smaller than system output upper limit value KH _max ), the power conditioner 2 Is controlled so that the power generation capacity H output from the above becomes the above-mentioned grid output upper limit value KH _max (“while in the output restriction state S3”), the power generation capacity H output from the power conditioner 2 is on the load F side Since the excess power is generated on the load F side when the power is supplied to the system, the surplus power is supplied to the grid K side via the power receiving unit 3 (sold by sale),
In <2-2>, the control unit 4 responds to the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5 and the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6. You may make it not cut off.

The control unit 4 may be provided anywhere in the power generation control system 1 (or the solar power generation plant 100), for example, in a power receiving panel 60 (power receiving panel chassis 61) described later, It may be provided in the switchboard 50 (switchboard case 51).
The followings are the control unit 4, the power reception unit 3 described so far, the insufficient power relay 5, the reverse power relay 6, the circuit breaker 7 (such as the power generation circuit breaker 7 and the power reception circuit breaker 7 ′), the transformer 10, and the power generation capacity A switchboard 50 provided with a total of 11, a power receiver 12 and the like, and a power receiving board 60 will be described.

<Switchboard 50, Switch cabinet 51>
As shown in FIG. 1, the switchboard 50 according to the present invention is a board having a switchboard case 51, the above-described transformer (step-up transformer) 10, and the above-described power transmission unit 52. Although FIG. 1 shows a substantially concave shape, it may actually be formed in a substantially rectangular shape or the like.
In the switchboard 50, the transformer 10 is externally attached to the switchboard case 51, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard case 51, and the power generation meter 11 is also provided in the switchboard case 51.
The height of the switchboard 50 (switchboard case 51) may be low, and the specific height of the switchboard case 51 is not particularly limited, but for example, 1500 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1500 mm or less). It may be 1,400 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1,400 mm or less), more preferably 1,200 mm or less (95 mm or more and 1,200 mm or less), more preferably 1,150 mm or less (950 mm or more, 1,150 mm or less, 1,100 mm, etc.).

In addition, the switchboard 50 includes the power conditioner 2 described above, a collector 53 described later, a backflow preventing diode, a switch, an air conditioner, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an accessory, a fuse (the high voltage current limiting fuse described above Fuses other than 3d), relays (the above-mentioned low power relay 5, reverse power relay 6, low voltage relay 21, overvoltage relay 22, short frequency relay 23, relays other than over frequency relay 24, etc.), cables (wiring cords) , A terminal, a connector, a sensor, a CPU, a storage battery, a control unit, and the like.
Also, the number of switchboards 50 (that is, switchboard housing 51) may be one or more as described above, but may be the same number as the number of transformers 10 and power transmission units 52 described above. Absent.
A plurality of switchboards 50 may be provided in a distributed manner in one solar power generation plant 100 (below the solar battery T, etc.).

<Current collector 53 etc.>
As shown in FIG. 1, the current collection unit 53 is a part that collects a plurality of AC cables (cables for flowing alternating current) or DC cables (cables for flowing direct current) from the outside of the switchboard housing 51.
The current collecting unit 53 can be said to be an AC current collecting unit when collecting a plurality of AC cables, and can be said to be a DC current collecting unit when collecting a plurality of DC cables.

Hereinafter, it is mainly described that the current collection unit 53 is an AC current collection unit 53 ′ that collects a plurality of AC cables from the outside of the switchboard case 51.
The AC current collecting unit 53 ′ may be provided in any of the switch case 51 if it is included in the switch case 51. However, for example, the AC current collecting unit 53 ′ is provided in the switch case 51 (see It does not matter if it is built in).

Further, the alternating current collection unit 53 ′ has a plurality of alternating current shields (alternating circuit breakers) 54, and the alternating current breaker 54 may be a circuit breaker for wiring (MCCB, Molded Case Circuit Break), Each of the power conditioners 2 outside the switchboard case 51 is connected to the step-up transformer 10 described above via the plurality of AC current collectors 53 ′.
If such an AC breaker 54 is also included in the switchboard case 51, the switchboard case 51 (switchboard 50 itself) incorporates the function of the conventional AC current collection box.

<Power receiving board 60, power receiving board case 61>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power receiving board 60 according to the present invention is a board having a power receiving board case 61 and the above-described power receiving unit 3, and the power receiving board case 61 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape or the like. The power reception unit 3 is provided in the power reception panel case 61.
It can be said that only one power receiving board 60 exists in one power generation control system 1 (or the solar power generation plant 100).
In the solar power generation plant 100, if there is only one switchboard 50 and the above-described power receiving unit 3 is built in the switchboard 50 (switchboard housing 51), the solar power generation plant 100 receives power. It is not necessary to have the board 60.

<Power Generation Control System 1 of Second Embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows a power generation control system 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The second embodiment differs most from the first embodiment only when the controller 4 detects that the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 is greater than 0 (when the reverse power generation state S2 is entered. Only) to cut off any circuit breakers (power generation circuit breaker 7, power reception circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) in the electric path from power conditioner 2 to grid K, or to stop the conversion of power conditioner 2 is there.

In the second embodiment, the under voltage relay 21, the overvoltage relay 22, and the under frequency relay described above are included in the power conditioner 2 (in the case of a plurality of power conditioners 2, each power conditioner 2). 23 also has an over-frequency relay 24, and also has an isolated operation detection function (isolated operation detection function unit 29), which is also different from the first embodiment.
Here, the isolated operation detection function unit 29 may include an active scheme detection unit 29a, a passive scheme detection unit 29b, and an active scheme disturbance generation unit 29c.

The power generation control system 1 of the second embodiment shuts off the power generation breaker 7, the power reception breaker 7 ′, etc. only when the control unit 4 is in the reverse power generation state S 2, or the power conditioner 2 If the conversion is to be stopped, the low power relay 5 itself may not have to be provided, but conversely, it may have the low power relay 5 itself.
In the case where the power generation control system 1 of the second embodiment includes the insufficient power relay 5 itself, even if the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5 approaches 0 (insufficient power substantially zero state S1 Not to stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2 and to shut off any circuit breaker (such as the power generation circuit breaker 7 and the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ') in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K. There is no.

Other configurations of the power generation control system 1, the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, and the power receiving board 60, operation effects, and usage modes are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Further, a power generation circuit breaker 7 such as a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) or the like in FIG. The symbols representing the instrument transformer 3a and the high voltage current limiting fuse 3d are different from those in FIG. 1, but their configuration, operation and effects, and usage are also the same as in FIG. 1 (first embodiment).

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The structure, shape, dimensions and the like of each configuration or the whole of the power generation control system 1, the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, the power receiving board 60 and the like can be appropriately changed in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
The power generation control system 1 may have a storage battery, a fuel cell, a generator driven by fuel such as gasoline, etc. In this case, like the load F, the storage battery, the fuel cell, etc. 3. A storage battery via a branch circuit (such as a storage branch circuit, a fuel cell branch circuit, a generator branch circuit) which branches from a branch point (a storage branch point, a fuel cell branch point, a generator branch point, etc.) Alternatively, the power receiving unit 3 may be connected to a fuel cell or the like. In this case, it can be said that the storage battery, the fuel cell or the like is also connected to the power conditioner 2 via the branch point and the branch electric path.
Moreover, in this case, the control unit 4 charges the power generation H output from the power conditioner 2 by the storage battery, flows the charged power to the load F side and causes the load F to consume it, or the power described above If electric power sale is possible, such as a time zone in which a company does not issue an output restriction command, the charged electric power may be flowed to the grid K side via the power receiving unit 3.
Furthermore, in this case, the control unit 4 causes the fuel cell, the generator, etc. to flow the generated power to the load F side to be consumed by the load F, to charge the storage battery, or to limit the output from the power company mentioned above If electric power sale is possible, such as a time zone in which a command is not issued, the charged power may be flowed to the grid K side via the power receiving unit 3.

Control unit 4 determines that any circuit breaker from power conditioner 2 to grid K (power generation) when power shortage U detected by power shortage relay 5 approaches 0 (“when power shortage is approximately zero state S1”). When the breaker 7 etc.) is shut off and the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes greater than 0 ("when the reverse power generation state S2 is reached"), another breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K (The power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′ and the like) may be shut off.
Even in this case, the other circuit breaker (power receiving circuit breaker) in which the circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 7 or the like) that is to be interrupted in the short power almost zero state S1 which is likely to occur first is interrupted in reverse power generation state S2. 7 'etc.), if it is closer to the power conditioner 2 (closer to the power conditioner 2), the range to shut off becomes narrower, and the number of devices to match the voltage and phase of the grid K etc. It can be said that the time and effort required for the recovery of the system 1 can be reduced.
In addition, conversely, in the case where the circuit breaker (such as the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′) that is farther from the power conditioner 2 is shut off in the short power almost zero state S1 which is likely to occur earlier, the power receiving unit 3 is connected again. The possibility of interrupting the power generation control system 1 and the load F is also increased, and it may be said that more devices need to be adjusted to the voltage and phase of the system K and the like.

The power generation control system 1 may separately have an insufficient power meter that measures the insufficient power U and a reverse power meter that measures the reverse power G, while having the insufficient power relay 5 and the reverse power relay 6. The unit 4 determines whether the above-mentioned insufficient power substantially zero state S1 or the reverse power generation state S2 has been made by the insufficient power meter and the reverse power meter, and the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U The shutoff according to the reverse power G, the shutoff by any circuit breaker according to the insufficient power U, and the shutoff by another breaker according to the reverse power G may be performed.
Also, while the control unit 4 performs the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the above-mentioned insufficient power U, the interruption according to the reverse power G, etc., a power receiver instead of the insufficient power substantially zero state S1. When the received power J measured at 12 approaches 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped, or any circuit breaker from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K (the generator breaker 7 etc.) is shut, etc. You may
The power generator 11 may be provided on an electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the transformer 10, and the power directly output from the power conditioner 2 may be the power generation H.

In addition, the power generation control system 1 may determine in the control unit 4 whether to perform surplus purchase control or total quantity purchase control from the start of power generation.
In the switchboard 50, the power conditioner 2 may be provided in the switchboard housing 51.

  Power generation control systems, switchboards, transformers, and power reception boards can be used for photovoltaic power plants regardless of their power generation volume and scale, and in addition to photovoltaic power plants, wind power, water power, wave power, geothermal heat, etc. It can be used in a plant that generates electric power by a generator (such as an AC motor) rotated by the motor, and can be used outdoors or indoors.

1 power generation control system 2 power conditioner 3 power receiving unit 4 control unit 5 insufficient power relay 6 reverse power relay 7 breaker (generator breaker)
7 'circuit breaker (power receiving circuit breaker)
8 branch point 9 branch line 10 transformer 11 power generation meter 12 power receiving meter 50 power distribution board 51 power distribution board housing 60 power receiving board 61 power receiving board housing K grid F load J received power H generated power U insufficient power G reverse power

Claims (6)

Power conditioner (2) for converting direct current or alternating current from the outside of the system into alternating current, and power receiving unit (3) connected to the power conditioner (2), system (K) and load (F) And a control unit (4) for controlling the power conditioner (2) and / or the power receiving unit (3),
The control unit (4) is a sum of the received power (J) received from the system (K) to the power receiving unit (3) and the generated power (H) output from the power conditioner (2). based on, controls the power conditioner (2),
The power receiving unit (3) is connected to the load (F) via a branch electric path (9) branched from a branch point (8) in the electric path between the power conditioner (2) and the power receiving unit (3).
The electric path between the branch point (8) and the power conditioner (2) has a transformer (10) for transforming the alternating current input from the power conditioner (2) into a higher voltage alternating current,
The measured value of the power generation meter (11) provided on the electric path between the high voltage side of the transformer (10) and the branch point (8) is the power generation capacity (H),
Wherein at the receiving power meter provided on the receiving section (3) (12), the power generation control system according to claim that you have to measure the power receiving force (J). The control unit (4) derives a target upper limit (THmax) of the power generation capacity (H) based on the following equation (1) or (2) to control the power conditioner (2) The power generation control system according to claim 1, wherein:
In the formula (1) or the formula (2), the received power is J (t), with the received power being the generation power, the limiting coefficient, and the variation correspondence constant changing with time t, respectively. Is H (t), the limiting coefficient is A (t), the variation corresponding constant is B (t), and the limiting coefficient A (t) is a value of 0 or more and 1 or less. A reverse power relay (6) is provided in the power receiving unit (3);
When the reverse power (G) detected by the reverse power relay (6) becomes larger than 0, the control unit (4) causes any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K) The power generation control system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the conversion of the power conditioner (2) is shut off. The power reception unit (3) is provided with an insufficient power relay (5) and a reverse power relay (6).
The control unit (4) stops the conversion of the power conditioner (2) when the underpower (U) detected by the underpower relay (5) approaches 0, and the reverse power relay (6) When any reverse power (G) to be detected becomes greater than 0, any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K) is shut off, or
The control unit (4) causes any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K) when the underpower (U) detected by the underpower relay (5) approaches 0. The power conditioner (2) according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the conversion of the power conditioner (2) is stopped when the reverse power (G) detected by the reverse power relay (6) becomes greater than 0. Power generation control system. A switchboard case (51) and a power conditioner (2) for converting direct current or alternating current to alternating current outside the switchboard case (51) or in the switchboard case (51) direct current or alternating current And a transformer (10) for transforming alternating current from the power conditioner (2) for converting the current into alternating current, and a power transmission unit for transmitting the alternating current transformed by the transformer (10) to the outside of the switchboard case (51) It is a switchboard having (52), and
A transformer (10) is externally attached to the switchboard case (51), and a power transmission unit (52) is provided in the switchboard case (51),
The power transmission unit (52) is provided with a circuit breaker (7) for interrupting alternating current transmitted to the outside of the switchboard case (51),
The power generation capacity (H) output from the transformer (10) is measured by a power generation meter (11) provided on an electric path between the circuit breaker (7) and the high voltage side of the transformer (10),
A dynamometer (11) is also provided in the switchboard housing (51) ,
The generated power (H) measured by the power generation meter (11) and the received power from the system (K) measured by the power receiver (12) provided outside or inside the switchboard case (51) based on the sum of the (J), the power conditioner (2) to control the switchboard characterized by Rukoto.   The switchboard according to claim 5, wherein the height of the switchboard housing (51) and the transformer (10) is 1500 mm or less.