JP2020068645A - Self-consumption type power generation control system and switchboard - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power generation control system and a switchboard, capable of achieving "simplification and improved accuracy of load power measurement" and "precise control of power conditioner", by controlling a power conditioner based on a sum of received power and generated power, and the like.SOLUTION: There is provided a power generation control system 1 including: a power conditioner 2 for converting a DC current or the like into an AC current; a power receiver 3 connected to the power conditioner 2, a system K, and a load F; and a controller 4 for controlling the power conditioner 2 and the power receiver 3. The controller 4 controls the power conditioner 2 based on a sum of received power J and generated power H. The controller also stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 in a power shortage almost zero state S1, and may cut off any circuit breaker provided from the power conditioner 2 to the system K in a reverse power generation state S2, and the like, and may measure the generated power H by a generated output meter 11 that is provided between a transformer 10 and a branch point 8 to the load F. In addition, there are provided: a switchboard 50 provided with a circuit breaker 7, a transformer 10, a generated output meter 11, and the like; and a power receiving board 60 provided with a power receiver 3 and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention controls a power conditioner that converts a direct current or an alternating current from the outside of the system into an alternating current, a power receiving unit connected to the power conditioner, a grid, and a load, and a power conditioner and / or a power receiving unit. The present invention relates to a power generation control system having a control unit for controlling power distribution, a distribution board, a transformer, and a power receiving board.

Conventionally, a power control system is known (see Patent Document 1).
This power control system includes a fuel cell that generates power by a chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant, a power generator that uses natural energy to generate power, and a storage battery that stores power, and a power supply source that is installed in a building. Power consumption detection unit that detects the power consumption consumed by the consumed power consumption device, and the target power that is provided in the building and that is a target to be supplied from the fuel cell to the power consumption device is set, and the power consumption detection is performed. Of the electric power supplied from the electric power supply source to the electric power consuming device so that the electric power generated by the fuel cell is the target electric power. A power control system for a building, comprising: a power control unit that controls to preferentially use power supplied from a battery.

JP, 2013-219932, A

However, in the power control system described in Patent Document 1, although the claim 1 simply describes "to detect the power consumption of the power consumption device", in reality, the power consumption of the building is reduced. In addition to the devices, there is a power consumption device in a vehicle parked in a parking space adjacent to the building, etc. There is a problem that it is difficult in terms of hardware and it is difficult to measure power consumption accurately.
As a result, in the power control system of Patent Document 1, the output of a power conditioner or the like, which is a device that converts generated power from a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, or the like into AC power according to the grid and outputs the power accurately, It may not be possible to control.

  In view of such a point, the present invention does not need to directly measure the load power by controlling the power conditioner based on the sum of the received power and the generated power, and thus, "simplification of load power measurement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power generation control system, a power distribution panel, a transformer, and a power receiving panel capable of "improving accuracy" and "precise control of power conditioner".

  A power generation control system 1 according to the present invention includes a power conditioner 2 that converts a direct current or an alternating current from the outside of the system into an alternating current, and a power receiving unit connected to the power conditioner 2, the system K, and a load F, respectively. 3 and a control unit 4 for controlling the power conditioner 2 and / or the power receiving unit 3, wherein the control unit 4 receives the received power J from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3. And the first condition is to control the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the generated electric power H output from the power conditioner 2.

A second feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above first feature, the power receiving unit 3 is provided with a power shortage relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6, and the control unit 4 is configured to perform the shortage. When the insufficient power U detected by the power relay 5 approaches 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped, and when the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0, the power conditioner 2 sends power to the grid. If any short circuit breaker in the electric circuit up to K is cut off, or if the shortage electric power U detected by the shortage electric power relay 5 approaches 0, the control unit 4 cuts off the electric circuit from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K. When the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped.
The "electric circuit" in the present invention is one for flowing electricity, and includes conductors such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, and nichrome, and cables in which this conductor is covered with an insulator, general electric wires, and the like. .

  A third feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above first feature, a reverse power relay 6 is provided in the power receiving unit 3, and the control unit 4 detects the reverse power relay 6. When the reverse electric power G is greater than 0, the circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the system K is shut off, or the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped.

  A fourth characteristic of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first to third characteristics, a branch electric line 9 that branches from a branch point 8 in the electric line between the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3. The power receiving unit 3 is connected to the load F via the load F, and a transformer for transforming an AC current input from the power conditioner 2 into a higher voltage AC current in an electric path between the branch point 8 and the power conditioner 2. The power generation meter 11 provided in the electric path between the transformer 10 and the branch point 8 is the generated power H, and the power reception meter 12 provided in the power reception unit 3 The point is that the received power J is measured.

With these characteristics, the control unit 4 controls the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, so that the sum of the received power J and the generated power H is consumed by the load F. The load power D of the load F is directly measured (e.g., the load power D of the load F existing at several locations or the total of the load power D and the like is obtained) unlike Patent Document 1. There is no need, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H has a simple hardware structure and is easy to measure, and the accuracy is improved (“simplification and improvement of accuracy of load power measurement”).
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the generated power H ("precise control of the power conditioner").
It should be noted that such a power generation control system 1 can also be said to be a “self-consumption power generation control system” suitable for a user of the system 1 to consume the generated power.

Further, when the power shortage U approaches 0 (so-called "when the power shortage becomes substantially zero state S1"), the control unit 4 stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 and the reverse power G becomes larger than 0 (so-called so-called. , "When the reverse power generation state S2 is reached") By cutting off any of the circuit breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the grid (commercial power grid) K (such as the power generation breaker 7 and the power receiving breaker 7 ') The two systems (circuits) can more reliably prevent and reduce the reverse flow from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K.
The control unit 4 may be configured to stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2 when the reverse power generation state S2 is entered.

  Further, by controlling the conversion of the power conditioner 2 by measuring the generated power H with the power generator 11 provided between the transformer 10 and the branch point 8, the loss in the transformer 10 is also taken into consideration. Therefore, the generated power H can be measured more accurately and accurately, and further "precise control of the power conditioner" can be achieved.

  A switchboard 50 according to the present invention includes a switchboard housing 51, a transformer 10 for transforming an AC current from outside or inside the switchboard housing 51, and an AC current transformed by the transformer 10 outside the switchboard housing 51. A power distribution board having a power transmission section 52 for transmitting power to the power distribution section, wherein the transformer 10 is externally attached to the power distribution panel housing 51, the power transmission section 52 is provided in the power distribution panel housing 51, and the power transmission section 52 includes: A circuit breaker 7 for interrupting an alternating current transmitted to the outside of the switchboard housing 51 is provided, and the power generator 11 provided in an electric path between the circuit breaker 7 and the transformer 10 outputs the voltage from the transformer 10. The first feature is that the power generation H is measured and the power generation meter 11 is also provided in the switchboard casing 51.

  A second feature of the switchboard 50 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the first feature, the height of the switchboard housing 51 and the transformer 10 is 1500 mm or less.

Due to these characteristics, if the switchboard 50 is used, it becomes possible to control the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, and the sum of the received power J and the generated power H becomes the load. Since it corresponds to the load power D consumed by F, unlike in Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to directly measure the load power D of the load F, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H is a simple hardware structure. Therefore, it is easy to measure and the accuracy is improved (“Simplification and improvement of accuracy of load power measurement”).
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the generated power H ("precise control of the power conditioner").
It should be noted that such a switchboard 50 can be said to be a “self-consumption switchboard” suitable for the user of the switchboard 50 to consume the generated electric power by himself.
Further, by setting the height of the switchboard housing 51 and the transformer 10 to 1500 mm or less, the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, and the like can be easily provided below the solar cell (solar cell panel) T in the photovoltaic power plant 100. Therefore, the shadows of the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, etc. do not fall on the solar cell panel T, and it is not necessary to provide a space for it, so that more solar cell panels T can be installed, and the sunlight The power generation amount of the power generation plant 100 increases (“increase in power generation amount”).
Since the switchboard 50, the transformer 10, and the like are miniaturized so that they can be arranged below the solar cell panel T, when the solar power plant 100 is installed on a site of a golf course, a mountainous land, or the like. Even when the road on which the switchboard 50 and the transformer 10 are carried in is narrow, it can be easily transported (“facilitation of transportation”).
In the present invention, disposing at least the switchboard 50 and the transformer 10 below the solar cell panel T is also referred to as “panel lower disposition”.

  The transformer 10 according to the present invention is a transformer that transforms an input AC current into a higher-voltage AC current, and the first feature is that the height of the transformer is 1500 mm or less. .

With this feature, if the transformer 10 is used, it becomes clear which of the generators 11 for controlling the power conditioner 2 is provided based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H. It is also possible to measure the generated power H with a power generation meter 11 provided between the transformer 10 and the branch point 8. In controlling the conversion of the power conditioner 2, the loss in the transformer 10 is also taken into consideration. Since the more accurate and accurate generated power H can be measured, the accuracy is also improved unlike in Patent Document 1 (“Simplification and improvement in accuracy of load power measurement”).
As a result, it can be said that the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be easily controlled accurately based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the generated power H (“precise control of the power conditioner”).
In addition to this, it is possible to “increase the amount of power generation” in the photovoltaic power plant 100 and “facilitate transportation” of the transformer 10 itself.
It can be said that such a transformer 10 is a “self-consumption type transformer” suitable for the user of the transformer 10 to consume the generated electric power by himself / herself.

  The power receiving board 60 according to the present invention is provided outside the power receiving board housing 61, the power conditioner 2 for converting a direct current or an alternating current existing outside the power receiving board housing 61 into an alternating current, and the power receiving board housing 61. A power receiving board having a power receiving section 3 connectable to a system K and a load F outside the power receiving board housing 61, wherein the power receiving section 3 is provided in the power receiving board housing 61, and the power receiving section 3 is provided. , A power shortage relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6, and a power receiver 12 for measuring the received power J received from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3, and in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the grid K. The first feature is that a circuit breaker 7'is provided in any of the power receiving units 3.

With this feature, if the power receiving board 60 is used, the power conditioner 2 can be controlled based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H, and the sum of the received power J and the generated power H becomes the load. Since it corresponds to the load power D consumed by F, unlike in Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to directly measure the load power D of the load F, and the measurement of the received power J and the generated power H is a simple hardware structure. Therefore, it is easy to measure and the accuracy is improved (“Simplification and improvement of accuracy of load power measurement”).
As a result, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 can be accurately controlled based on the more accurate sum of the received power J and the generated power H ("precise control of the power conditioner").
It should be noted that such a power receiving panel 60 can also be said to be a “self-consumption type power receiving panel” suitable for the user of the power receiving panel 60 to consume the power generated by the user.

  According to the power generation control system, the switchboard, the transformer, and the power receiving panel according to the present invention, by controlling the power conditioner based on the sum of the received power and the generated power, “the simplification and accuracy of load power measurement "Improvement" and "precision control of power conditioner" can be realized.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a power generation control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, a distribution board, a transformer, and a power receiving board. It is a schematic diagram which illustrates the power generation control system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, a switchboard, a transformer, and a power receiving board.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Overall Configuration of Power Generation Control System 1 of First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows a power generation control system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The power generation control system 1 has a power conditioner 2 and a power receiving unit 3 which will be described later, and a control unit 4 which controls these.
The power reception unit 3 described above is connected to the power conditioner 2, the system K, and the load F, respectively. Here, the system K and the load F will be described below.

<Strain K>
As shown in FIG. 1, the grid K is also called a commercial power grid, and is a system that integrates power generation, substation, power transmission, and power distribution to supply power to a power receiving facility of a customer.
The system K is a three-phase three-wire (3φ3W), and supplies electric power of 6600V, 22000V, 60 Hz, 50 Hz, etc. from a substation of a power company. After the pole transformer, electric power such as single-phase two-wire (1φ2W) or 1φ3W (single-phase three-wire) may be supplied.

<Load F, load power D>
As shown in FIG. 1, the load F is a device that consumes the received power J from the grid K via the power receiving unit 3, the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2, and the like. The power consumed by the load F is referred to as load power (also referred to as power consumption) D.
The load F may have any configuration as long as it consumes the received power J and the generated power H. For example, in a factory, an industrial motor (IM, Industrial Motor) F, or lighting in a factory It may be F, an illumination distribution board F1 connected to the plurality of illuminations F, or the like.

The load F may be a device in a factory, an air conditioner in a building such as a house or a building, a fluorescent lamp, a home appliance, a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a gasoline vehicle, a device in the vehicle, or the like.
In addition, the load F has a transformer (so-called step-down transformer) F2 that transforms (steps down) the received power J from the grid K via the power receiving unit 3 and the generated power H from the power conditioner 2. Or having a high-voltage AC load switch (LBS, Load Break Switch) F3 in an electric path between the transformer F2 and the power receiving unit 3 (or the power conditioner 2), or the transformer F2 and the above-mentioned industrial. A circuit breaker (MCCB, Molded Case Circuit Break) F4 may be provided in an electric path between the motor (or illumination) F and the like.
The high-voltage AC load switch F3 may have a fuse such as a high-voltage current limiting fuse.

The configuration of the transformer F2 in the load F is not particularly limited, but for example, for industrial motors (power), three-phase three-wire (3φ3W) is used to step down 6600V, 22000V, etc. to 440V, 210V, etc. In the case of a configuration or for illumination (for an electric light), a configuration may be used in which single-phase three-wire (1φ3W) is used to step down 6600V or 22000V to 105V or more and 210V or less.
The load F does not need to be provided with such a transformer F2. In this case, another transformer is provided on the power receiving unit 3 side, or the output from the power conditioner 2 is not provided with the transformer F2. The configuration may be such that it is directly connected to the load F without any intervention.

The electric power consumed by the entire load F is the load electric power D, and not only the total electric power consumed by each load F itself, but also the power loss in the transformer F2 and the lighting distribution board F1. It may include the electric power to be used.
The number of the loads F may be one or more, but even if the number of the loads F is one, if the transformer F2 is also provided, the power including the power loss is It becomes electric power D.

The power generation control system 1 having the power receiving unit 3 connected to such a load F also includes a power shortage relay 5, a reverse power relay 6, a circuit breaker (a power generation circuit breaker 7, a power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′, etc.), a transformer, and the like. It may have a device 10, a power generation meter 11, and a power reception meter 12.
The load F is connected to the power receiving unit 3 via a branch electric line (load branch electric line) 9 that branches from a branch point (load branch point) 8 in the electric line between the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3 described later. (In other words, with respect to the power receiving unit 3, the load F, the power conditioner 2 (the transformer 10 or the circuit breaker (generation breaker) 7 ′), etc. may be connected in parallel. good).
In this case, it can be said that the load F is also connected to the power conditioner 2 via the branch point 8 and the branch electric line 9, and the load F may consume the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2. I can.

In addition, when there are a plurality of loads F, naturally there are also a plurality of load branch points 8 and load branch circuits 9 described above, and the number of these load branch points 8 and load branch circuits 9 is equal to the number of loads F. It can be said that I am doing it.
In addition, the power generation control system 1 may be used for a power generation plant such as a solar power generation plant 100 or a wind power generation plant.
Hereinafter, the solar power generation plant 100 will be mainly described.

<Solar power plant 100, system K, etc.>
As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic power generation plant 100 has a power distribution board 50 including a transformer 10, a switchboard housing 51, a power transmission section 52, and the like, which will be described later, in addition to the power generation control system 1 described above. It doesn't matter.
In the photovoltaic power plant 100, the switchboard 50 described above is connected to the system K having a tower or a utility pole as an end via the power receiving unit 3 and a power distribution cable described later, and the power receiving unit 3 of the switchboard 50 is connected. The power receiving unit 3 may be provided in the power distribution board housing 51, or may be provided in the power receiving board housing 61 of the power receiving board 60 different from the power distribution board 50.

The solar power plant 100 may include a plurality of solar cells T, a power conditioner 2, a transformer 10, a power transmission unit 52, a switchboard 50, and the like.
Furthermore, when there are a plurality of solar cells T, the photovoltaic power plant 100 may have a plurality of connection boxes (with circuit breakers or the like) that are electrically connected to a predetermined number of the plurality of solar cells T, and The switchboard 50 is electrically connected to the plurality of connection boxes, but the function of the connection box may be built in the switchboard 50. In this case, each switchboard 50 has a predetermined number of solar cells T. Will be in direct conduction with each other.

The voltage when power is finally transmitted from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K may be a voltage at which power can be sold or purchased (for example, 6600 V), but as a higher voltage (for example, a special high voltage (extra high), for example, 22000V). In this case, the power receiving unit 3 includes a transformer (extra high) that steps up to the extra high.
Further, the solar cells T, the distribution board 50, the power receiving board 60, etc. are arranged according to the size and size of the land to be installed. For example, the power generated by one distribution board 50 is, for example, 1500 kW (per power conditioner). The solar power generation plant 100 may have a plurality of distribution boards 50 (for example, 30 or more, 15,000 kW (15 MW) or more and 60, 30,000 kW (30 MW)).

The weight of the power distribution board 50 and the power receiving board 60 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 ton or more and 10 ton or less, preferably 1 ton or more and 5 ton or less, more preferably 1 ton or more and 3 ton. It may be the following.
The solar cell T in such a solar power generation plant 100 will be described below.

<Solar cell T>
As shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell T may have a panel shape (flat plate shape) or the like, and is irradiated with light to generate a DC power between a positive electrode (+ pole) and a negative electrode (− pole). And an average of the generated power is 100 W or more and 400 W or less (for example, 250 W).
Of these, the positive pole of one solar cell T is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell T, the positive pole of another solar cell T is connected to the negative pole of another solar cell T, and Repeatedly, a plurality of (for example, 5 to 20) solar cells T are connected in series to form one solar cell string.

In this way, the voltage between the + pole (power output end) and the − pole (ground end) of the entire solar cell string in which a plurality of solar cells T are connected in series is generated in each solar cell T. It is the sum of the DC voltage, and varies from 200V to 1500V, although it varies depending on the weather, time, deterioration of each solar cell T, failure, displacement of installation position, and the like.
Further, the electric power output from the electric power output end of the solar cell string is the sum of the electric power of each solar cell T, and is 500 W or more and 6000 W or less (for example, when 14 solar cells T having an output power of 250 W are connected, 3500W = 3.5kW).

Here, connecting the solar cells T in series means that if one of the solar cells T has a defect, the solar cell T shuts off the electric current and the other solar cells T are disconnected. It becomes difficult to output the electric power generated by the battery T.
Therefore, by providing a bypass diode (not shown) for each of the solar cells T connected in series, the solar cell T in which the malfunction has occurred is configured so that the current bypasses the solar cells T.

The bypass diode is connected in parallel to the solar cell T in a direction in which a current flows from the − pole to the + pole. Specifically, the cathode (cathode) of the bypass diode is connected to the + pole of the solar cell T. The anode of the bypass diode is connected to the negative pole of the solar cell T.
Such a solar cell T may be installed on the installation surface via a mount.

The installation surface of the solar cell T (or the pedestal) is an installation surface on which the above-described solar power generation system 10 and the switchboard 50 are installed, and any surface can be installed as long as the solar cell T can be installed. For example, it may be a golf course ruins or mountainous land, vacant land, fallow land, farmland, etc., soiled ground, roof of a building, rooftop, wall or the like.
In addition, in order to increase the amount of power generation of the photovoltaic power plant 100, the gantry may support the solar cell T by tilting it in a predetermined direction (for example, it becomes lower toward the south), and the angle is sufficient for power generation. As long as the amount can be obtained, it may be repeated any number of times, for example, 10 degrees or 5 degrees.

<Power conditioner 2>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power conditioner 2 converts the direct current from the outside of the power generation control system 1 such as the above-described solar cell T and the alternating current from the alternating current motor of the wind power generator into the voltage of the system K and It is a device that converts to AC power according to the phase and outputs.
The power conditioner 2 includes an inverter device that converts a direct current or the like from the solar cell T or the like into an alternating current (for example, 100 V or higher and 440 V or lower), and a control unit that controls the voltage or frequency of the alternating current converted by the inverter device. And an air circuit breaker (ACB) or the like.

The power conditioner 2 may be provided with a rotating fan-shaped blower unit for releasing the air inside the housing in which the inverter device, the control unit, the circuit breaker, etc. are built.
Such a power conditioner 2 is also called a power conditioner 2 for short.

The power conditioner 2 is controlled by a signal from the control unit 4 described later so as to limit (suppress) the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2 to a predetermined value (target upper limit value or the like). (A so-called “output restriction state S3”) may be adopted.
The power conditioner 2 may be configured to stop the conversion in the power conditioner 2 in response to a signal from a power shortage relay 5, a reverse power relay 6 or the like, which will be described later (stopping the conversion in this way allows the power conditioner to be stopped). It can be said that the generated power H is not output from the power supply 2).
The number of power conditioners 2 may be one or more as described above.
When the number of the power conditioners 2 is plural, even if the conversion of all the power conditioners 2 is stopped at a time when the conversion of the power conditioners 2 is stopped by the signal from the power shortage relay 5 or the like described later. It is good. First, conversion of at least a part of the power conditioners 2 may be stopped.

The power conditioner 2 is provided in the switchboard housing 51 of the switchboard 50 having the above-described transformer 10, the power transmission unit 52, or the like, or built in a housing (power conditioner housing) different from the switchboard 50. May be.
When incorporated in a power conditioner housing, a plurality of power conditioner housings (that is, the power conditioners 2) are provided in a distributed manner in one solar power plant 100 (below the solar cell T thereof). I don't mind.

<Transformer 10>
As shown in FIG. 1, a transformer 10 according to the present invention is a transformer (so-called, so-called, so-called) that transforms (boosts) the alternating current from one or more power conditioners 2 described above into a higher alternating current. Step-up transformer).
The transformer 10 may have any configuration as long as it transforms an alternating current outside the distribution board casing 51, which will be described later, into a higher alternating current. For example, the transformer 10 is attached to the distribution board casing 51 from the outside (board casing). It may be provided on the outer side surface of the body 51 or the like).

It can also be said that the transformer 10 is provided in the electric circuit between the branch point (load branch point) 8 to the load F and the power conditioner 2 described above as the entire power generation control system 1.
When there are a plurality of loads F, the transformer 10 is provided in the electric path between the load branch point 8 closest to the power conditioner 2 among the plurality of load branch points 8 and the power conditioner 2. It can be said that it is being done.

The upper surface of the transformer 10 may be provided with a cable from the outside of the switchboard housing 51 or the like, or a connection portion (connection terminal) for connecting to a cable to the power transmission unit 52 described later. It may have a radiation fin.
The transformer 10 may convert an alternating current (for example, 100 V or more and 440 V or less) from the outside of the switchboard casing 51 or the like into a higher voltage alternating current (for example, 6600 V or 22000 V) suitable for power transmission.

The transformer 10 may have a sufficient capacity while lowering the height depending on how the iron core is assembled. The specific height of such a transformer 10 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1500 mm. It may be the following (900 mm or more and 1500 mm or less), preferably 1400 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1400 or less), more preferably 1200 mm or less (95 mm or more and 1200 mm or less), more preferably 1150 mm or less (950 mm or more and 1150 mm or less, 1100 mm, etc.). May be
The capacity of the transformer 10 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 50 kVA or more and 1000 kVA or less, preferably 100 kVA or more and 800 kVA or less, and more preferably 200 kVA or more and 700 kVA or less (500 kVA, 330 kVA, etc.).

It can be said that such a transformer 10 is, for example, for interconnection, and may be configured to boost 100V or more and 440V or less to 6600V, 22000V or the like with a three-phase three-wire (3φ3W).
Here, when the transformer 10 is a three-phase three-wire, the way of assembling the iron core means that four substantially square L-shaped iron cores that are long vertically (vertically) are arranged horizontally (horizontally) in contact with each other. , A coil is formed by winding a conductive wire (copper wire or the like) around each of the three portions where two adjacent iron cores are in contact with each other, and each coil has a low voltage winding inside and a high voltage winding outside (or inside). A low-voltage winding, a high-voltage winding on the outside, a medium-voltage winding between the low-voltage winding and the high-voltage winding), and an insulator disposed between the windings.

In addition, each iron core may be a laminated iron core in which thin iron plates are laminated.
It can be said that such a transformer 10 is a so-called transformer.
Further, the number of transformers 10 may be one or more as described above.
As for the transformer 10, a plurality of transformers 10 may be provided in a distributed manner in one solar power plant 100 (below the solar cell T thereof).

<Power transmission unit 52, breaker (generation breaker) 7>
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the power transmission unit 52 is a unit that transmits the alternating current from the above-described transformer 10 to the outside of the switchboard housing 51.
The power transmission unit 52 may have any configuration as long as it transmits the AC current from the transformer 10 to the outside of the switchboard housing 51. For example, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard housing 51 and includes a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) or the like. The circuit breaker 7 (so-called power generation circuit breaker) 7, a lightning arrester (SAR), etc. may be provided.

In the power transmission unit 52, after the AC current from the above-described transformer 10 passes through the above-described power generation breaker 7 and the like, the AC current is connected to the system K via a power distribution cable as the outside of the switchboard casing 51, or other power supply. The power transmission unit 52 is finally connected to the system K via the power receiving panel 60 that collects electric power from the plurality of switchboard casings 51 (that is, the switchboard 50), and finally has a configuration capable of conducting to the system K and transmitting power. I wish I had it.
It should be noted that the power transmission unit 52 can be said to be a transmitter, and can also be said to be an extra-high voltage unit when transmitting a special high voltage (for example, 22000V).
Further, the number of the power transmission units 52 may be one or more as described above, but may be the same as the number of the transformers 10 described above.

The power generation breaker 7 in the power transmission unit 52 may be rotatable in the front-back direction, for example, in order to improve maintainability, and the control unit 4 (or the reverse power relay 6 or the insufficient power relay 5 described later) may be used. ), It may be configured to shut off via a tripping trip coil or the like.
Since such a power generation circuit breaker 7 is provided in the power transmission unit 52, the above-described transformer 10 (the high-voltage side of the transformer 10) and the above-described load in the power conditioner 2 to the system K are provided. The electric path to the branch point 8 is cut off (in this way, by cutting off with the power generation breaker 7 or the power receiving breaker 7'described later, the generated power H is not output from the power conditioner 2). Or, it can be said that current does not flow from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K).
When there are a plurality of loads F, the power generation circuit breaker 7 is connected to a load branch point 8 closest to the power conditioner 2 among the plurality of load branch points 8 and an electric circuit between the power conditioners 2. It can be said that it is provided.

<Power H, Power Meter 11>
As shown in FIG. 1, the generated power H is the power output from the power conditioner 2 described above, and it can be said that it is the generated power H. The power generator 11 is a power meter that measures this generated power H. is there.
The power generation meter 11 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the power generation H. For example, the above-described transformer 10 (high voltage side of the transformer 10) and the above-described power generation breaker 7 may be used. It may be provided in the electric path between them (and in the power transmission unit 52 described above).
When the power generation meter 11 is provided in the electric path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the power generation breaker 7, the measured value of the power generation meter 11, which is the output from the transformer 10, is used as the power conditioner 2 The generated power H is output from (considered to be).

Such a power generation meter 11 is, for example, a current transformer for an instrument provided in the power transmission section 52 (for example, the electric path between the above-described power generation breaker 7 and the transformer 10 (the high-voltage side of the transformer 10)). (CT, Current Transformer, so-called power generation CT) 11a, overcurrent relay (OCR, Overcurrent Relay, so-called power generation OCR) 11b connected to this instrument current transformer 11a, and this overcurrent relay 11b. A connected ammeter (so-called so-called generation ammeter) 11c, a power meter connected to the output side of the ammeter 11c and the low-voltage side of the meter transformer 3a in the power receiving unit 3 described later (a power generator in a narrow sense) You may have 11d and the output part 11e which digitizes the measured value from this wattmeter 11d, and outputs it to the control part 4.
The output from the power conditioner 2 is controlled by the control unit 4 described later based on the value of the generated power H measured by the power generation meter 11 and the received power J measured by the power reception meter 12 described below. .

<Power receiving unit 3, circuit breaker (power receiving circuit breaker) 7 '>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power receiving unit 3 is a portion connected to the above-described power conditioner 2, the system K, and the load F, respectively, and is provided with a power receiving meter 12 described below.
Further, the power receiving unit 3 may be provided with a power shortage relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6 which will be described later.
The power receiving unit 3 may have any configuration as long as it is connected to the power conditioner 2, the system K, and the load F, for example, in a power receiving panel housing 61 or a switchboard housing 51 described later. May be provided with a circuit breaker (so-called power receiving circuit breaker) 7 ′ such as a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB), a lightning arrester (SAR), an instrument transformer (VT, Voltage Transformer) 3 a, and the like.

The power receiving breaker 7 ′ in the power receiving unit 3 may also be configured to be cut off by a signal from the control unit 4 (or the reverse power relay 6 or the insufficient power relay 5) described later via a tripping trip coil or the like. .
Since such a power receiving breaker 7'is provided in the power receiving unit 3, it cuts off the electric path in the power receiving unit 3 from the power conditioner 2 to the system K.

The instrument transformer 3a in the power receiving unit 3 is a power line between the power conditioner 2 and the power system K and in a power line in the power receiving unit 3 that is closer to the power system K than the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′ (closer to the power system K). It is provided in.
In such an instrument transformer 3a, the high-voltage side of the electric circuit is closer to the system K (the side closer to the system K) than the power receiving circuit breaker 7'and a branching line (transforming branching point) 3b in the electric line. The low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a is connected via a branch circuit 3c, and the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a is the above-mentioned power generator 11 (power generator 11d in a narrow sense) or a power receiver 12 (power receiver 12d in a narrow sense) described later. , A power shortage relay 5, a reverse power relay 6 and the like.

The configuration of the instrument transformer 3a in the power receiving unit 3 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a configuration in which 6600V, 22000V or the like is stepped down to 110V or the like.
In the power receiving unit 3, a high-voltage current limiting fuse 3d (PF, Power Fuse) may be provided in the electric path between the instrument transformer 3a and the transformer branch point 3b.

<Power received J, power receiver 12>
As shown in FIG. 1, the received power J is the power received from the above-described grid K to the power receiving unit 3, and can also be called the received power J. The power receiving meter 12 measures the received power J. Is.
The power receiving meter 12 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the received power J. For example, the power receiving described above is provided between the power conditioner 2 and the system K and in the power line in the power receiving unit 3. It may be provided in the electric path closer to the power conditioner 2 than the circuit breaker 7 ′ (on the side closer to the power conditioner 2).

Such a power receiver 12 includes, for example, an instrument current transformer (CT, Current Transformer, so-called power receiving CT) 12a, which is provided in an electric path closer to the power conditioner 2 than the above-described power receiving breaker 7 ′. An overcurrent relay (OCR, Overcurrent Relay, so-called receiving OCR) 12b connected to the current transformer 12a, an ammeter (so-called receiving ammeter) 12c connected to the overcurrent relay 12b, A power meter (a power receiver in a narrow sense) 12d connected to the output side of the ammeter 12c and the low-voltage side of the meter transformer 3a described above, and a control unit that digitizes the measurement value from the power meter 12d It may have an output unit 12e for outputting to No.
The output from the power conditioner 2 is controlled by the control unit 4 described later based on the value of the received power J measured by the power receiver 12 and the generated power H measured by the power generator 11 described above. .

<Power shortage U, power shortage relay 5>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power shortage U is power representing the shortage of the power received J at the power receiving unit (power receiving end) 3 when a short circuit occurs on the system K side described above, It can be said that the insufficient power U approaches 0 when the power H generated from the power conditioner 2 described above becomes too large.
The insufficient power relay (UPR, Under Power Relay) 5 is a relay that is provided in the power receiving unit 3 described above and detects the insufficient power U.

The power shortage relay 5 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the power shortage U. For example, the power shortage relay 5 is provided in the electric path between the power receiving OCR 12b described above and the power receiving ammeter 12c and is for the above-described instrument. It may be connected to the low voltage side of the transformer 3a.
When the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 approaches 0 (so-called "when the power shortage becomes substantially zero state S1"), the control unit 4 described later stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above, Alternatively, any of the circuit breakers (the power generating circuit breaker 7, the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′, etc.) in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the system K described above may be cut off.

  Here, in the present invention, “the power shortage U approaches 0 (zero)” means that the power shortage U is “greater than 0 W (watt) (that is, not including 0 W)” and equal to or less than a value near 0 W. In the present invention, the “value in the vicinity of 0 W” may be any value larger than 0 W, depending on the resolution of the power shortage relay 5 to be used, or set to a predetermined value of the power shortage U, etc. Alternatively, it may be 1 kW (1000 W), 1 W, 1 mW, 1 μW, or the like.

<Reverse power G, reverse power relay 6>
As shown in FIG. 1, the reverse power G is the power that flows back from the power receiving unit 3 to the grid K, and can also be called the reverse power G, and the reverse power relay (RPR, Reverse Power Relay) 6 is also the power receiving unit described above. 3 is a relay that detects the reverse power G.
The reverse power relay 6 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the reverse power G. For example, the reverse power relay 6 is provided in the electric path between the above-mentioned insufficient power relay 5 and the power receiving ammeter 12c and described above. It may be connected to the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.

When the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0 (so-called “reverse power generation state S2”), any one of the above-mentioned power conditioner 2 to the system K is controlled by the control unit 4 described later. The circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 7, power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) may be blocked, or the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above may be stopped.
Incidentally, when the reverse power G is detected by the reverse power relay 6, when the circuit breaker described above is cut off by hardware (for example, via a tripping trip coil or the like), the reverse power relay 6 itself will be described later. It can also be said that it is the control unit 4 that operates.

  Here, “the reverse power G becomes larger than 0” in the present invention means that the reverse power G becomes strictly larger than 0 W (0 mW, 0 μW, etc.) (of course, does not include 0 W). Depending on the resolution, setting, etc. of the reverse power relay 6 to be used, the reverse power G is allowed to mean “greater than 0 W” and “less than or equal to a value that can be regarded as 0 W”, and can be regarded as “0 W” in the present invention. The "value" may be, for example, 1 mW, 1 μW, 1 nW or the like, depending on the resolution of the reverse power relay 6 used, or may be set to a predetermined value of the insufficient power U.

<Other devices in power receiving unit 3>
As shown in FIG. 1, the power receiving unit 3 may be additionally provided with an undervoltage relay 21, an overvoltage relay 22, an underfrequency relay (also referred to as a frequency lowering relay) 23, and an overfrequency relay 24.
In addition, the power receiving unit 3 may be provided with a disconnector 25, an instrument transformer / current transformer 26, a watt hour meter 27, and a pole air switch 28.

The undervoltage relay (UVR, Under Voltage Relay) 21 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an undervoltage, and may have any configuration as long as it can detect the undervoltage, for example, as described above. It may be connected to the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the undervoltage detected by the undervoltage relay 21 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined voltage (for example, 100V, 200V, etc. from 6600V, 22000V, etc.)), the control unit 4 described later described above. Although any of the circuit breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the system K (the power generating circuit breaker 7, the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) may be cut off, this breaking occurs when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is reached. Therefore, it can be said that the priority is low.
When the undervoltage relay 21 detects an undervoltage, the undervoltage relay 21 itself will be described later when the above-mentioned breaker is cut off by hardware (for example, via a trip trip coil or the like). It can be said that it is the control unit 4.

The overvoltage relay (OVR, Over Voltage Relay) 22 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an overvoltage and may have any configuration as long as it can detect an overvoltage. For example, the above-described instrument transformer It may be connected to the low pressure side of the container 3a.
When the overvoltage detected by the overvoltage relay 22 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined voltage (eg, 100V, 200V, etc. from 6600V, 22000V, etc.)), the power condition described above is controlled by the control unit 4 described later. Although any of the circuit breakers from the node 2 to the system K may be cut off, it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is entered.
When the overvoltage relay 22 detects an overvoltage, the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware, the overvoltage relay 22 itself can be said to be the control unit 4 described later.

The insufficient frequency relay (UFR, Under Frequency Relay) 23 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an insufficient frequency and may have any configuration as long as it can detect the insufficient frequency. It may be connected to the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the insufficient frequency detected by the insufficient frequency relay 23 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value (a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 Hz or more and 10 Hz or less) from 60 Hz, 50 Hz, etc.), the control unit 4 described later causes Although any of the circuit breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the system K may be cut off, it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is entered.
When the insufficient frequency relay 23 detects an insufficient frequency, when the circuit breaker described above is shut down by hardware, it can be said that the insufficient frequency relay 23 itself is the control unit 4 described later.

The over-frequency relay (OFR, Over Frequency Relay) 24 in the power receiving unit 3 is a relay that detects an over-frequency and may have any configuration as long as it can detect an over-frequency. It may be connected to the low-voltage side of the instrument transformer 3a.
When the overfrequency detected by the overfrequency relay 24 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value (a value obtained by adding a predetermined frequency (for example, 1 Hz or more and 10 Hz or less) from 60 Hz or 50 Hz, etc.), the control unit 4 described later causes Although any of the circuit breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the system K may be cut off, it can be said that this cutoff also has a lower priority than when the reverse power generation state S2 described above is entered.
When the overfrequency relay 24 detects an overfrequency, the above-mentioned circuit breaker is cut off by hardware, the overfrequency relay 24 itself can be said to be the control unit 4 described later.

The disconnector (DS, Disconnecting Switch) 25 in the power receiving unit 3 opens and closes the circuit in the power generation control system 1 or the solar power generation plant 100 using the power generation control system 1 in a state where no current flows. The disconnector 25 does not have a function of interrupting the current, and the current is interrupted by another interrupter (such as the power receiving interrupter 7'and the power generating interrupter 7) before opening or closing the interrupter. To do.
The disconnector 25 may have any configuration as long as it can open and close the circuit in the state where no current is flowing. For example, the branch point (transformation branch point) 3b to the above-mentioned instrument transformer 3a and It may be provided in the electric circuit between the lines K.

The instrument voltage transformer (VCT, Combined Voltage and Current Transformer) 26 in the power receiving unit 3 is a device that is a combination of an instrument transformer (VT) and an instrument current transformer (CT). A device that measures the current and voltage flowing from K to the power receiving unit 3 (or flowing out to the system K), and the watt-hour meter 27 is combined with the above-described meter transformer transformer 26 to receive power from the system K. It is a device that measures the amount of electric power that flows into the unit 3 (or flows out from the power receiving unit 3 to the system K).
The instrument transformer current transformer 26 may have any configuration as long as it can measure a current or voltage such as flowing into the power receiving unit 3 from the system K. For example, the instrument transformer current transformer 26 is It may be provided in the electric circuit between the disconnector 25 and the system K described above.
Also, the electric power meter 27 may have any configuration as long as it can measure the amount of electric power when flowing into the power receiving unit 3 from the system K, for example, it is connected to the transformer transformer 26 for a meter. Then, the measured values of the current and the voltage output from the voltage transformer / current transformer 26 are input, and the values obtained by multiplying the current and the voltage (the product of the voltage and the current) are integrated to measure the electric energy. Is also good.
Here, it can be said that the watt-hour meter 27 is for power purchase when measuring the amount of power flowing from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3, and conversely, when measuring the amount of power flowing from the power receiving unit 3 to the grid K. It can be said that it is for selling electricity. The watt-hour meter 27 may be a type B electric appliance defined by the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law.

A pole air switch (PAS, Pole Air Switches) 28 in the power receiving unit 3 is a device used to open and close a responsibility demarcation point or the like between the power generation control system 1 or the photovoltaic power plant 100 and the grid K.
The pillar air switch 28 may have any configuration as long as it can open and close the responsibility demarcation point between the power generation control system 1 or the photovoltaic power plant 100 and the grid K, and for example, the above-described instrument. It may be provided in the electric line between the transformer transformer 26 and the system K.

<Control unit 4>
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the control unit 4 is a unit that controls the power conditioner 2 and / or the power receiving unit 3 described above.
The control unit 4 controls the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J received from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3 and the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2 described above.

Further, the control unit 4 stops the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above when the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 described above approaches 0 (that is, “when the power shortage becomes substantially zero state S1”). However, when the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 described above becomes greater than 0 (that is, when the "reverse power generation state S2" is reached), the control unit 4 changes the power conditioner 2 to the system K from the power conditioner 2 described above. Any circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker, power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) in the electric circuit may be cut off.
In this case, in the actual power generation control system 1, it can be said that the reverse power generation state S2 often occurs first after the power shortage substantially zero state S1 occurs. , The conversion of the power conditioner 2 that works in the direction of decreasing the power shortage U (closer to 0) is stopped, so that the reverse power generation state S2 is extremely reduced thereafter, and the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is reduced. When restarting, it is not necessary to match the output from the power conditioner 2 with the voltage and phase of the system K, and the power generation control system 1 can be restored in a shorter time and with less trouble (system restoration. It can be said that it is "shortened and made easier").
On the contrary, when any of the circuit breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the system K is cut off in the power shortage substantially zero state S1 that is likely to occur first, when the power conditioner 2 is connected again, It can be said that it becomes necessary to match the output with the voltage and phase of the system K.
On the contrary, when the power shortage is substantially zero S1 contrary to the above, the control unit 4 causes any of the circuit breakers (the power generation breaker and the power receiving breaker 7'in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the system K described above. Etc.) and the reverse power generation state S2 ″ is reached, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 described above may be stopped.

It should be noted that when the control unit 4 shuts off the breaker such as the power generation breaker 7 in a hardware manner when the reverse power generation state S2 is entered, it can be said that the reverse power relay 6 is included in the control unit 4.
This is because, as described above, when the undervoltage relay 21 detects an undervoltage, the circuit breaker is shut down by hardware, or when the overvoltage relay 22 detects an overvoltage, the circuit breaker operates by hardware. When shutting off, the hardware interrupts the circuit breaker when the insufficient frequency relay 23 detects an insufficient frequency, and when the overfrequency relay 24 detects an overfrequency, shuts the circuit breaker hardware. It can be said that the same applies to the case where the control unit 4 includes the undervoltage relay 21, the overvoltage relay 22, the underfrequency relay 23, and the overfrequency relay 24.

The control unit 4 may use any control method as long as it controls the power conditioner 2 based on the sum of the received power J and the generated power H. For example, the following formula (1) is used. Alternatively, the target upper limit value (power generation target upper limit value) TH _max of the generated power H may be derived based on Equation (2).
In the equations (1) and (2), the received power J, the generated power H, the limiting coefficient A (the limiting coefficient A multiplied by the sum of the received power J corresponding to the load power D and the generated power H), and the variation correspondence Assuming that the constant B changes with time t, the received power is J (t), the generated power is H (t), the limiting coefficient A (t), and the fluctuation correspondence constant is B (t). , The received power J (t), the generated power H (t), and the fluctuation correspondence constant B (t) are each in kW or the like.

Here, the received power J (t) and the generated power H (t) may be measured by the above-described received power meter 12 and generated power meter 11 at predetermined time intervals (even at a predetermined sampling time). For example, the sampling time may be 1 second or more and 10 seconds or less, such as every 1 second or every 5 seconds.
The limiting coefficient A (t) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a value of 0 or more and 1 or less (that is, 0% or more and 100% or less, 90% or 95%, 98%, 99%, 100%, etc.). Also, the fluctuation correspondence constant B (t) is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0 kW or more and 20 kW or less.

It should be noted that the control coefficient A (t) and the variation correspondence constant B (t) do not have to be finely changed at each predetermined sampling time. For example, the control coefficient A (t) and the variation correspondence constant B (t) are set to predetermined values for each rough section (every hour or every 30 minutes). More specifically, "A (t) = 1.00 (100%),""from 0:00 to 9:00" and "from 5:00 to 12:00" in a day, B (t) = 0 kW or the like, and “from 9 am to 5 pm” may be A (t) = 0.90 (90%), B (t) = 10 kW, or the like.
Such a control unit 4 sets the maximum value so that the generated power H actually output from the power conditioner 2 becomes the power generation target upper limit value TH _max derived by the above-described formula (1) or formula (2). Power point tracking control (MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Control) or the like may be performed.

In addition, if the surplus purchase control is performed, the control unit 4 detects not only the power generation target upper limit value TH _max but also the above-described power shortage relay 5 according to the output limit (output control) command from the electric power company. The conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U that is caused, and the interruption according to the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 described above may also be controlled.
That is, the control unit 4
<1> In a time period when no output restriction command is issued from the electric power company (for example, “from midnight to 9:00 am” and “from 3:00 pm to 12:00 pm”), the power condition is basically set. All the generated power H output from the power supply 2 flows to the load F side and the power receiving unit 3 side,
<1-1> When surplus power is generated on the side of the load F, the surplus power is flown (sold) to the system K side via the power receiving unit 3,
<1-2> When the electric power on the load F side is insufficient, the shortage of electric power is fed (power purchase) from the system K side to the load F side via the power receiving unit 3.
In <1-1> and <1-2>, the control unit 4 detects the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 or the reverse power relay 6. The interruption according to the reverse electric power G may not be performed.
Furthermore, the control unit 4
<2> Output restriction command of 40% or the like during the time period (for example, from “9 am to 3:00 pm”) when an output restriction command is issued from the electric power company (output upper limit value to the system K (system output upper limit value ) KH _max is, for example, a time zone during which a command to set 40% of the maximum power generation of the photovoltaic power plant 100, etc.) is issued), basically, the power generation H output from the power conditioner 2 Is always controlled,
<2-1> If (sum of received power J and generated power H) is larger than system output upper limit KH _max (that is, load power D is larger than system output upper limit KH _max ), the actual power condition The generated electric power H output from the inverter 2 is controlled so as to be the power generation target upper limit value TH _max derived by the above-described formulas (1) and (2) (“becomes the output limit state S3”),
In <2-1>, the control unit 4 responds to the stop of conversion of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5 and the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6. Let's shut off,
<2-2> If (the sum of the received power J and the generated power H) is smaller than the system output upper limit KH _max (that is, the load power D is smaller than the system output upper limit KH _max ), the power conditioner 2 The generated power H output from the power conditioner 2 is controlled so that the system output upper limit value KH _max described above (“being in the output limit state S3”), and the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2 is applied to the load F side. When the power is supplied to the load F, surplus power is generated on the load F side, and thus the surplus power is supplied (power sold) to the system K side via the power receiving unit 3.
In <2-2>, the control unit 4 responds to the stop of conversion of the power conditioner 2 according to the insufficient power U detected by the insufficient power relay 5 and the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6. The interruption may not be performed.

The control unit 4 may be provided in any of the power generation control system 1 (or the solar power generation plant 100), for example, in the power receiving panel 60 (power receiving panel housing 61) described later, or It may be provided in the switchboard 50 (switchboard case 51).
The following are the control unit 4, the power receiving unit 3, the power shortage relay 5, the reverse power relay 6, the circuit breaker 7 (the power generating circuit breaker 7 and the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.), the transformer 10, the power generation described above. The power distribution board 50 provided with the total 11, the power receiving meter 12, and the like, and the power receiving board 60 will be described.

<Switchboard 50, Switchboard case 51>
As shown in FIG. 1, a switchboard 50 according to the present invention is a switchboard panel including a switchboard casing 51, the above-described transformer (step-up transformer) 10, and the above-described power transmission section 52. 1 is shown in a substantially concave shape in FIG. 1, it may actually be formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape or the like.
In the switchboard 50, the transformer 10 is attached to the switchboard housing 51 from the outside, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard housing 51, and the power generation meter 11 is also provided in the switchboard housing 51.
The height of the switchboard 50 (switchboard housing 51) may be low, and the specific height of the switchboard housing 51 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1500 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1500 mm or less). It may be present, preferably 1400 mm or less (900 mm or more and 1400 mm or less), more preferably 1200 mm or less (95 mm or more and 1200 mm or less), and more preferably 1150 mm or less (950 mm or more and 1150 mm or less, 1100 mm, etc.).

In addition, the switchboard 50 includes the power conditioner 2 described above, a current collector 53 described below, a backflow prevention diode, a switch, an air conditioner, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), an auxiliary device, and a fuse (the high-voltage current limiting fuse described above. Fuse other than 3d), relay (relay power relay 5, reverse power relay 6, undervoltage relay 21, overvoltage relay 22, underfrequency relay 23, relay other than overfrequency relay 24, etc.), cable (wiring code) , A terminal, a connector, a sensor, a CPU, a storage battery, a control unit, and the like.
Further, the number of the switchboards 50 (that is, the switchboard housings 51) may be one or more as described above, but may be the same as the number of the transformers 10 and the power transmission units 52 described above. Absent.
The switchboard 50 may be provided with a plurality of switchboards 50 dispersed in one solar power plant 100 (below the solar cell T thereof).

<Current collector 53, etc.>
As shown in FIG. 1, the current collector 53 is a part that collects a plurality of AC cables (cables for passing AC current) or DC cables (cables for passing DC current) from outside the switchboard housing 51.
The current collector 53 can be said to be an AC current collector when collecting a plurality of AC cables, and can be said to be a DC current collector when collecting a plurality of DC cables.

Hereinafter, the current collector 53 will be mainly described as an AC current collector 53 ′ that collects a plurality of AC cables from outside the switchboard housing 51.
The AC current collector 53 ′ may be provided in any of the switchboard casings 51 as long as the switchboard casing 51 has it. For example, it is provided in the switchboard casing 51 ( It doesn't matter if it is built-in).

Further, the AC current collector 53 ′ has a plurality of AC shields (AC breakers) 54, and the AC breakers 54 may be wiring breakers (MCCB, Molded Case Circuit Break). Each of the power conditioners 2 outside the switchboard casing 51 is connected to the above-described step-up transformer 10 via a plurality of AC current collectors 53 '.
If such an AC breaker 54 is also provided in the switchboard housing 51, the switchboard housing 51 (switchboard 50 itself) will also incorporate the function of a conventional AC current collector box.

<Power receiving board 60, power receiving board housing 61>
As shown in FIG. 1, a power receiving board 60 according to the present invention is a board having a power receiving board housing 61 and the power receiving unit 3 described above, and the power receiving board housing 61 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape or the like. The power receiving unit 3 is provided in the power receiving board housing 61.
It can be said that only one power receiving panel 60 exists in one power generation control system 1 (or the solar power generation plant 100).
In the solar power generation plant 100, if there is only one switchboard 50 and the power receiving unit 3 described above is built in the switchboard 50 (switchboard housing 51), the solar power plant 100 will receive the power. It is not necessary to have the board 60.

<Power Generation Control System 1 of Second Embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows a power generation control system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The second embodiment is most different from the first embodiment only when the control unit 4 has a reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 that is greater than 0 (when the reverse power generation state S2 is reached. Only) in order to shut off any of the circuit breakers (power generation circuit breaker 7, power receiving circuit breaker 7 ', etc.) in the electric circuit from the power conditioner 2 to the system K, or to stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2. is there.

Further, in the second embodiment, the undervoltage relay 21, the overvoltage relay 22, and the underfrequency relay described above are provided inside the power conditioner 2 (when there are a plurality of power conditioners 2, the inside of each power conditioner 2). 23 and an over-frequency relay 24, and an isolated operation detection function (isolated operation detection function unit 29) are also different from the first embodiment.
Here, the islanding operation detection function unit 29 may include an active system detection unit 29a, a passive system detection unit 29b, and an active system disturbance generation unit 29c.

In the power generation control system 1 according to the second embodiment, the control unit 4 shuts off the power generation circuit breaker 7 or the power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′ only when the reverse power generation state S2 is entered, or the power conditioner 2 operates. If the conversion is stopped, the power shortage relay 5 itself may not be provided, but conversely, the power shortage relay 5 itself may be provided.
In the case where the power generation control system 1 of the second embodiment has the power shortage relay 5 itself, even if the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 approaches 0 (power shortage substantially zero state S1). However, it does not stop the conversion of the power conditioner 2 and interrupts any breaker (power generation breaker 7 or power receiving breaker 7 ', etc.) in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K. There is no.

Other configurations of the power generation control system 1, the distribution board 50, the transformer 10, and the power receiving board 60 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
In addition, a power generating circuit breaker 7 such as a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) in FIG. 2, a power receiving circuit breaker 7 ′, a disconnector 25, a wiring circuit breaker that is an AC breaker 54, a wiring circuit breaker F4 in a load F, a power receiving unit 3 Although the symbols for the instrument transformer 3a and the high-voltage current limiting fuse 3d are different from those in FIG. 1, their configurations, operational effects, and use modes are also the same as those in FIG. 1 (first embodiment).

<Other>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The configuration, overall structure, shape, dimensions, etc. of the power generation control system 1, the distribution board 50, the transformer 10, the power receiving board 60, etc. can be appropriately changed in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
The power generation control system 1 may include a storage battery, a fuel cell, a generator that operates on fuel such as gasoline, and in this case, the storage battery, the fuel cell, and the like, like the load F, include the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit. A storage battery via a branch circuit (storage branch circuit, fuel cell branch circuit, generator branch circuit, etc.) branching from a branch point (storage branch point, fuel cell branch point, generator branch point, etc.) in the circuit between 3 The power receiving unit 3 may be connected to a fuel cell or the like, and in this case, it can be said that the storage battery, the fuel cell, or the like is also connected to the power conditioner 2 via the branch point and the branch electric path.
Further, in this case, the control unit 4 causes the storage battery to charge the generated electric power H output from the power conditioner 2, or to cause the charged electric power to flow to the load F side and be consumed by the load F. If it is possible to sell power, such as during a time period when the output restriction command is not issued from the company, the charged power may be supplied to the system K side via the power receiving unit 3.
Further, in this case, the control unit 4 causes the fuel cell, the generator, or the like to flow the generated power to the load F side to be consumed by the load F, charge the storage battery, or limit the output from the power company. If it is possible to sell power, such as during a time period when no command is issued, the charged power may be supplied to the system K side via the power receiving unit 3.

When the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 approaches 0 (“when the power shortage becomes substantially zero state S1”), the control unit 4 causes any breaker (power generation) from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K. When the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0 (“in the reverse power generation state S2”), the other breakers from the power conditioner 2 to the grid K are cut off. The power receiving breaker 7 ', etc. may be cut off.
Even in this case, the circuit breaker (power generation circuit breaker 7 or the like) that is to be interrupted first in the underpower nearly zero state S1 that is likely to occur first is another circuit breaker (power receiving circuit breaker) that is to be interrupted in the reverse power generation state S2. 7 ', etc., closer to the power conditioner 2 (on the side closer to the power conditioner 2), the cutoff range becomes narrower, and there are fewer devices that match the voltage and phase of the system K, etc. It can be said that the time and effort required to restore the system 1 can be reduced.
On the contrary, when the breaker (power receiving breaker 7 ', etc.) farther from the power conditioner 2 is shut off in the state S1 of insufficient power shortage that tends to occur first, the power receiving unit 3 is reconnected. It can be said that the possibility of shutting off the power generation control system 1 such as the above, the load F, and the like also increases, and more devices need to be adjusted to the voltage and phase of the system K.

The power generation control system 1 may have a power shortage meter 5 for measuring the power shortage U and a reverse power meter for measuring the reverse power G separately while having the power shortage relay 5 and the reverse power relay 6. The unit 4 determines whether the power shortage state or the reverse power generation state S2 described above is reached by the power shortage meter or the reverse power meter, and stops conversion of the power conditioner 2 according to the power shortage U. It is also possible to perform the interruption according to the reverse power G, the interruption by any one of the circuit breakers according to the insufficient power U, and the interruption by the other breaker according to the reverse power G.
Further, the control unit 4 performs the conversion stop of the power conditioner 2 according to the above-mentioned insufficient power U, shuts off according to the reverse power G, etc., but instead of the almost zero power consumption state S1, the power receiving meter. When the received power J measured at 12 approaches 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped, or any breaker (power generation breaker 7 or the like) from the power conditioner 2 to the system K is cut off, etc. You may do it.
The power generation meter 11 may be provided in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the transformer 10, and the power directly output from the power conditioner 2 may be used as the power generation H.

In addition, the power generation control system 1 may determine to the control unit 4 whether to perform surplus purchase control or full amount purchase control from the start of power generation.
In the switchboard 50, the power conditioner 2 may be provided in the switchboard housing 51.

  Power generation control systems, distribution boards, transformers, and power receiving boards can be used for solar power plants, etc., regardless of the amount of power generation and scale. In addition to solar power plants, wind power, water power, wave power, geothermal power, etc. It can be used in a plant that generates electricity by a generator (AC motor, etc.) that is rotated by, and can be used both indoors and outdoors.

1 Power generation control system 2 Power conditioner 3 Power receiving unit 4 Control unit 5 Insufficient power relay 6 Reverse power relay 7 Breaker (Generator breaker)
7'Circuit breaker (power receiving circuit breaker)
8 branch point 9 branch circuit 10 transformer 11 power generator 12 power meter 50 power distribution board 51 power distribution board housing 60 power receiving board 61 power distribution board housing K system F load J power received H power generated U insufficient power G reverse power

A power generation control system 1 according to the present invention includes a power conditioner 2 that converts a direct current or an alternating current from the outside of the system into an alternating current, and a power receiving unit connected to the power conditioner 2, the system K, and a load F, respectively. 3 and a control unit 4 for controlling the power conditioner 2 and / or the power receiving unit 3, wherein the control unit 4 receives the received power J from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3. And the generated power H output from the power conditioner 2, the power conditioner 2 is controlled based on the sum of the generated power H and the power conditioner 2 is branched from the branch point 8 in the electric path between the power conditioner 2 and the power receiving unit 3. The power receiving unit 3 is connected to the load F via a branch electric line 9, and is input from the power conditioner 2 to the electric line between the branch point 8 and the power conditioner 2. Has a transformer 10 for transforming the generated alternating current into a higher voltage alternating current, and the measured value of a power generator 11 provided in the electric path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the branch point 8 is used as the generated power H and then, at the receiving power meter 12 provided in the power receiving unit 3, the first feature that you have to measure the power receiving force J.
The "electric circuit" in the present invention is one for flowing electricity, and includes conductors such as copper, aluminum, silver, gold, and nichrome, and cables in which this conductor is covered with an insulator, general electric wires, and the like. .

A second feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above first feature, the control unit 4 uses the generated power H based on the following formula (1) or formula (2). Is to control the power conditioner 2 by deriving the target upper limit value THmax .
In the formula (1) or the formula (2), it is assumed that the received power, the generated power, the limiting coefficient, and the variation response constant change with time t, and the received power is J (t), the generated power. Is H (t), the limiting coefficient is A (t), the variation correspondence constant is B (t), and the limiting coefficient A (t) is a value of 0 or more and 1 or less.

A third feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the features of the first or second feature, a reverse power relay 6 is provided in the power receiving unit 3, and the control unit 4 causes the reverse power relay 6 to operate. When the reverse electric power G detected in step 2 becomes larger than 0, either of the circuit breakers in the electric path from the power conditioner 2 to the system K is cut off, or the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped.

A fourth feature of the power generation control system 1 according to the present invention is that, in addition to the features of the first or second feature, the power receiving unit 3 is provided with a power shortage relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6, and the control unit 4 is When the power shortage U detected by the power shortage relay 5 approaches 0, the conversion of the power conditioner 2 is stopped, and when the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 becomes larger than 0, the power conditioner 2 From the power conditioner to the grid K when the shortage of electric power U detected by the shortage of electric power relay 5 approaches 0. of blocking one of the circuit breaker in path, the reverse power G detected by the reverse power relay 6 is in regard to Suspend conversion greater becomes than zero of the power conditioner 2.

Switchboard 50 according to the present invention, the switchboard a housing 51, a direct current or alternating current in the switchboard cabinet direct current or in the power conditioner 2, or from the switchboard housing 51 for converting an alternating current to alternating current outside the 51 A distribution board having a transformer 10 for converting the AC current from the power conditioner 2 for converting the AC current into an AC current, and a power transmission unit 52 for transmitting the AC current transformed by the transformer 10 to the outside of the distribution board casing 51. , The transformer 10 is attached to the switchboard casing 51 from the outside, the power transmission unit 52 is provided in the switchboard casing 51, and the power transmission unit 52 shuts off an alternating current transmitted to the outside of the switchboard casing 51. breaker 7 is provided for, in the power generation power meter 11 provided on path between the high voltage side of the transformer 10 and the circuit breaker 7 measures the power generation (H) output from the transformer 10, before Generating capacity meter 11 in the switchboard housing 51 also provided, and the generator power meter 11 power generation H measured by lineage K of the measured power reception power meter 12 provided in the switchboard housing 51 or outside the inner based on the sum of the power receiving force J from, the first feature that you control the power conditioner 2.

Other, transformer 10, the input alternating current, a transformer for transforming the higher pressure alternating current, the height of the transformer may it der below 1500 mm.

In addition, the power receiving board 60 includes a power receiving board housing 61, a power conditioner 2 for converting a direct current or an alternating current outside the power receiving board housing 61 into an alternating current, and a system K outside the power receiving board housing 61. And a power receiving unit 3 that can be connected to a load F outside the power receiving unit housing 61, wherein the power receiving unit 3 is provided in the power receiving unit housing 61, and the power receiving unit 3 is insufficient. A power relay 5 and a reverse power relay 6 and a power receiver 12 for measuring the received power J received from the grid K to the power receiving unit 3 are provided, and the power reception in the power line between the power conditioner 2 and the grid K is performed. either in part 3, the breaker 7 'may be provided.

Note that the limiting coefficient A (t) and the variation correspondence constant B (t) do not have to be finely changed at each predetermined sampling time, and for example, a predetermined value can be obtained for each rough section (every hour or every 30 minutes). More specifically, "A (t) = 1.00 (100%),""from 0:00 to 9:00" and "from 5:00 to 12:00" in a day, B (t) = 0 kW or the like, and “from 9 am to 5 pm” may be A (t) = 0.90 (90%), B (t) = 10 kW, or the like.
Such a control unit 4 sets the maximum value so that the generated power H actually output from the power conditioner 2 becomes the power generation target upper limit value TH _max derived by the above-described formula (1) or formula (2). Power point tracking control (MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Control) or the like may be performed.

Claims (8)

A power conditioner (2) for converting a direct current or an alternating current from the outside of the system into an alternating current, and a power receiving unit (3) connected to the power conditioner (2), the grid (K) and the load (F), respectively. ) And a control unit (4) for controlling the power conditioner (2) and / or the power receiving unit (3),
The control unit (4) determines the sum of the received power (J) received from the grid (K) to the power receiving unit (3) and the generated power (H) output from the power conditioner (2). A power generation control system characterized by controlling the power conditioner (2) based on the above. The power receiving section (3) is provided with an insufficient power relay (5) and a reverse power relay (6),
The control unit (4) stops conversion of the power conditioner (2) when the power shortage (U) detected by the power shortage relay (5) approaches 0, and causes the reverse power relay (6) to stop. When the detected reverse power (G) becomes larger than 0, any breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K) is cut off, or
When the shortage power (U) detected by the shortage power relay (5) approaches 0, the control unit (4) breaks any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K). 2. The power generation control according to claim 1, wherein when the reverse power (G) detected by the reverse power relay (6) becomes larger than 0, the conversion of the power conditioner (2) is stopped. system. A reverse power relay (6) is provided in the power receiving unit (3),
When the reverse power (G) detected by the reverse power relay (6) becomes larger than 0, the control unit (4) breaks any circuit breaker in the electric path from the power conditioner (2) to the grid (K). 2. The power generation control system according to claim 1, wherein the power conditioner is shut down or the conversion of the power conditioner (2) is stopped. A power receiving unit (3) is connected to the load (F) via a branch electric line (9) that branches from a branch point (8) in an electric line between the power conditioner (2) and the power receiving unit (3),
In the electric path between the branch point (8) and the power conditioner (2), a transformer (10) for transforming the alternating current input from the power conditioner (2) into a higher-voltage alternating current,
The measured value of the power generation meter (11) provided in the electric path between the transformer (10) and the branch point (8) is defined as the power generation (H),
The power reception control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power reception meter (12) provided in the power reception unit (3) measures the power reception (J). Switchboard casing (51), a transformer (10) for transforming an alternating current from outside or inside the switchboard casing (51), and an alternating current transformed by the transformer (10) to the switchboard casing (51). ) A switchboard having a power transmission section (52) for transmitting power to the outside,
A transformer (10) is attached to the switchboard casing (51) from the outside, and a power transmission unit (52) is provided in the switchboard casing (51).
The power transmission unit (52) is provided with a circuit breaker (7) for interrupting an alternating current transmitted to the outside of the switchboard casing (51),
The power output (H) output from the transformer (10) is measured by a power generation meter (11) provided in the electric path between the circuit breaker (7) and the transformer (10),
A switchboard characterized in that a power meter (11) is also provided in the switchboard housing (51).   The switchboard according to claim 5, wherein heights of the switchboard housing (51) and the transformer (10) are 1500 mm or less. A transformer for transforming an input AC current into a higher voltage AC current,
The height of the said transformer is 1500 mm or less, The transformer characterized by the above-mentioned. Power receiving board housing (61), power conditioner (2) for converting direct current or alternating current outside the power receiving board housing (61) into alternating current, and a system outside the power receiving board housing (61) (K) and a power receiving panel (3) connectable to a load (F) outside the power receiving panel housing (61),
A power receiving unit (3) is provided in the power receiving board housing (61),
A power shortage relay (5) and a reverse power relay (6) in the power receiving unit (3), and a power receiver (J) for measuring the power received (J) from the grid (K) to the power receiving unit (3). 12) is provided,
A power receiving panel, characterized in that a circuit breaker (7 ') is provided in any of the power receiving sections (3) in an electric path between the power conditioner (2) and the grid (K).