JP6485981B2 - 金属ナノ粒子製造方法、金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法、及び金属ナノ粒子担持担体 - Google Patents
金属ナノ粒子製造方法、金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法、及び金属ナノ粒子担持担体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6485981B2 JP6485981B2 JP2017536494A JP2017536494A JP6485981B2 JP 6485981 B2 JP6485981 B2 JP 6485981B2 JP 2017536494 A JP2017536494 A JP 2017536494A JP 2017536494 A JP2017536494 A JP 2017536494A JP 6485981 B2 JP6485981 B2 JP 6485981B2
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- ionic liquid
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- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 105
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- -1 N, N-diethyl-N-methyl-N- (2-methoxyethyl) ammonium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 14
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 13
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O VEJOYRPGKZZTJW-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000851 scanning transmission electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpyridin-1-ium Chemical class CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 REACWASHYHDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWQYPLXGJIXMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 GWQYPLXGJIXMMV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OIDIRWZVUWCCCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium Chemical class CC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 OIDIRWZVUWCCCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMKUSFIBHAUBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexylpyridin-1-ium Chemical class CCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 AMKUSFIBHAUBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- USOIOQCOUFEVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C USOIOQCOUFEVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CYFFKUDZLZREEX-WNQIDUERSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;(2s)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound C[C@H](O)C([O-])=O.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 CYFFKUDZLZREEX-WNQIDUERSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FHDQNOXQSTVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 FHDQNOXQSTVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 FRZPYEHDSAQGAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVBQNFMTEUEOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butylpyridin-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 KVBQNFMTEUEOCD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- POKOASTYJWUQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 POKOASTYJWUQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BEFWDPZVLOCGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butylpyridin-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 BEFWDPZVLOCGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HTZVLLVRJHAJJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 HTZVLLVRJHAJJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OPXNHKQUEXEWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 OPXNHKQUEXEWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GITMVCYKHULLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C GITMVCYKHULLDM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NUJYCYLTUXYHQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C NUJYCYLTUXYHQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMQZYMYBQZGEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 BMQZYMYBQZGEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ABFDKXBSQCTIKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ABFDKXBSQCTIKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AMFMJCAPWCXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 AMFMJCAPWCXUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZCPPLZJPPBIWRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 ZCPPLZJPPBIWRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NCTQEXWJEPRHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C NCTQEXWJEPRHLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BQBJIBLQQWXKBH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1C BQBJIBLQQWXKBH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGSUDDILQRFOKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 BGSUDDILQRFOKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RABFGPMWVQNDHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical class [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCCCC[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 RABFGPMWVQNDHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NKRASMXHSQKLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NKRASMXHSQKLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SZRSEFNUSHACPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexylpyridin-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 SZRSEFNUSHACPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JEOSMYVMLZTQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexylpyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 JEOSMYVMLZTQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QFAUKQKOJVLHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-hexylpyridin-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 QFAUKQKOJVLHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LCXGSWXECDJESI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-methyl-3-octadecylimidazol-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 LCXGSWXECDJESI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SDXDXENAFAXVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-methyl-3-tetradecylimidazol-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 SDXDXENAFAXVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OXFBEEDAZHXDHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-methyl-1-octylimidazolium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 OXFBEEDAZHXDHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nervonyl carnitine Chemical compound CCC[N+](C)(C)C GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWRKOVKZOUJWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Br-].C(CCCCC)[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)C)C.FC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])(F)F.C(CCC)[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)C)C Chemical compound [Br-].C(CCCCC)[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)C)C.FC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])(F)F.C(CCC)[N+]1=C(N(C=C1)C)C WWRKOVKZOUJWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-1-propylpiperidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F IEFUHGXOQSVRDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFLGAVZONHCOQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;trimethyl(propyl)azanium Chemical compound CCC[N+](C)(C)C.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F NFLGAVZONHCOQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- BXHHZLMBMOBPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl-(2-methoxyethyl)-methylazanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC BXHHZLMBMOBPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002471 indium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVXHSMAJJFVLGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 5-chloro-7-(trifluoromethyl)thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)N=C2C(C(=O)OC)=CSC2=C1C(F)(F)F GVXHSMAJJFVLGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002064 nanoplatelet Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel platinum Chemical compound [Ni].[Pt] PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVKZDIDATLDTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneeuropium Chemical compound [Eu]=S RVKZDIDATLDTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/892—Nickel and noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0215—Sulfur-containing compounds
- B01J31/0222—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonyl groups
- B01J31/0224—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonyl groups being perfluorinated, i.e. comprising at least one perfluorinated moiety as substructure in case of polyfunctional compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
まず図1を参照して、実施形態1に係る金属ナノ粒子製造方法について説明する。図1は、実施形態1に係る金属ナノ粒子製造方法を示すフローチャートである。図1に示すように、実施形態1に係る金属ナノ粒子製造方法は、混合処理工程S1と、加熱処理工程S2とを包含する。
続いて図2を参照して、実施形態2に係る金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法について説明する。図2は、実施形態2に係る金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法を示すフローチャートである。図2に示すように、実施形態2に係る金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法は、混合処理工程S11と、加熱処理工程S12とを包含する。
続いて図3を参照して、実施形態3に係る金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法について説明する。但し、実施形態2と異なる事項を主に説明し、実施形態2と重複する説明は適宜割愛する。実施形態3は、混合処理工程S11において臭化物がイオン液体に混合される点で、実施形態2と異なる。なお、臭化物は、酸価数が「−1」である臭素を含む化合物である。
ニッケル(Ni)塩及び白金(Pt)塩を1mLのイオン液体に溶解させた試料をスクリュー管に封入し、アズワン社製のホットスターラーを300℃に温度設定して、加熱攪拌を行った。
室温において、1mLのイオン液体にPt塩及びNi塩を溶解させた後、イオン液体に更に1mgの炭素材料を加えて12時間攪拌した試料を、二口フラスコに入れた。続いて、窒素雰囲気下にするために真空引きと窒素置換を3回行った後、マントルヒーターを用いて300℃、6時間の条件で加熱攪拌した。回転速度は300[rpm]とした。
室温において、イオン液体にPt塩及びNi塩を溶解させた後、イオン液体に更に1mgの炭素材料を加えて12時間攪拌した試料を、二口フラスコに入れた。続いて、窒素雰囲気下にするために真空引きと窒素置換を3回行った後、マントルヒーターを用いて300℃に温度設定して、加熱攪拌を行った。加熱攪拌時間は4時間とした。回転速度は300[rpm]とした。
室温において、2mLのイオン液体にPt塩及び臭化物を溶解させた後、イオン液体に更に5mgの炭素材料を加えて1時間攪拌した。このようにして得た分散液をメノウ乳鉢に入れて10分間磨り潰す操作を行った。その後、分散液を二口フラスコに入れた。続いて、窒素雰囲気下にするために真空引きと窒素置換を3回行った後、マントルヒーターを用いて300℃、加熱攪拌した。回転速度は300[rpm]とした。
2 参照電極
3 カウンター電極
Claims (10)
- 金属ナノ粒子を製造する方法であって、
イオン液体に白金塩およびニッケル塩を加えて前記白金塩と前記ニッケル塩の濃度を0.1mmol/L以上20mmol/L以下とし、前記イオン液体中に金属イオンを発生させるステップと、
前記白金塩および前記ニッケル塩が加えられた前記イオン液体を加熱して、前記金属イオンを熱還元するステップと
を包含する金属ナノ粒子製造方法。 - 前記金属ナノ粒子として合金ナノ粒子を製造する、請求項1に記載の金属ナノ粒子製造方法。
- 金属ナノ粒子を担持した担体を製造する方法であって、
イオン液体に担体素材と白金塩とニッケル塩とを加えて前記白金塩と前記ニッケル塩の濃度を0.1mmol/L以上20mmol/L以下とし、前記イオン液体中に金属イオンを発生させるステップと、
前記担体素材と前記白金塩と前記ニッケル塩とが加えられた前記イオン液体を加熱して、前記金属イオンを熱還元するステップと
を包含する金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法。 - 前記金属ナノ粒子は、合金ナノ粒子を含む、請求項4に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法。
- 前記担体素材が、炭素素材である、請求項4から請求項6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子が前記担体上に単層で担持される、請求項4から請求項7のうちのいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体製造方法。
- 白金ナノ粒子およびニッケルナノ粒子を含む金属ナノ粒子と、
前記金属ナノ粒子を担持した担体と
を備え、
前記金属ナノ粒子が前記担体上に単層で担持されており、
前記担体上における前記金属ナノ粒子の密度が、50個/μm2以上200個/μm2以下である、金属ナノ粒子担持担体。 - 前記担体が、炭素素材を含む、請求項9に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子は、合金ナノ粒子を含む、請求項9から請求項11のうちのいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体。
- 固相様イオン液体を更に備え、
前記固相様イオン液体が、前記金属ナノ粒子と前記担体との間に存在する、請求項9から請求項13のうちのいずれか1項に記載の金属ナノ粒子担持担体。
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