JP6466907B2 - ライソゾーム病の検査に関する化合物および方法 - Google Patents
ライソゾーム病の検査に関する化合物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6466907B2 JP6466907B2 JP2016503343A JP2016503343A JP6466907B2 JP 6466907 B2 JP6466907 B2 JP 6466907B2 JP 2016503343 A JP2016503343 A JP 2016503343A JP 2016503343 A JP2016503343 A JP 2016503343A JP 6466907 B2 JP6466907 B2 JP 6466907B2
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
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- C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/18—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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Description
本出願は、2013年3月15日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/789,985号に依存し、優先権を主張するものであり、その内容全体を参照により本明細書に組み込む。
分野
ゴーシェ病の人々は、これらの脂肪性物質を分解するのに必要な酵素であるグルコセレブロシダーゼを作らない。そして、これらの脂肪性物質は肝臓、脾臓および骨髄の細胞に蓄積する。三つ目の例示はポンペ病であり、グリコーゲンと呼ばれる特定の糖を分解するのに必要な酵素酸性α-グルコシダーゼの欠乏に起因するライソゾーム病である。酵素酸性α-グルコシダーゼを欠損すると、グリコーゲンが体内の様々な組織および器官に蓄積する。
任意に、R2はC13アルキルである。
5N、17O、18O、31Pまたは34Sからなる群より選択される。
はまた、糖部分Aと基質の残りの構造との間のスペーサーとして機能することで、標的の酵素が柔軟に接近できるようにする。リンカーアームB1は、物質の極性、およびゆえにそれらの溶解特性を制御するように設計され得る。場合によって、リンカーアームB1はヒドロフェノール構造を有し得る。従って、一般式Iの基質は、純メタノールまたは純エタノールなどの溶媒において少なくとも部分的に親水性となるように設定され得る。脂肪酸部分は、全体として一般的に基質に水溶解度を付与するために十分に親水性となるよう調製される。このように、基質は水性緩衝液系に可溶性であり得る。しかしながら、当技術分野で知られているように、基質物質の水溶解度を向上させるために、界面活性剤または他のそのような薬剤が薬剤混合物中に含まれ得ることが理解される。
従って、異なるA基を有する基質と異なる生成物の組成物とを組み合わせることにより、サンプル中に存在する特定の酵素の迅速な同定が容易に達成される。
))はC7アミド基に結合したメチレンのB1および長さが1〜20炭素のアルケニルを含有する置換基を含む。クラッベ病を検出するために、例示的な糖部分はβ-D-ガラクトースであり、そして例示的な脂肪酸部分はC5アミドに結合したメチレンのB1および長さが1〜20
炭素のアルケニルを含有する置換基を含む。
適切な固形担体は、種々の物理的形態を有することができ、これは例えば膜;カラム;ビーズなどの中空、固形、半固形、細孔または空洞を含む粒子;ゲル;光ファイバー物質を含む繊維;マトリクスおよびサンプル容器を含み得る。サンプル容器の限定されない例示は、サンプルウエル、管、キャピラリー、バイアルおよびサンプルの保持が可能なあらゆる他のベッセル、グローブまたはインデンテーションを含む。サンプル容器は、マイクロプレート、スライド、マイクロ流体装置などの多試料プラットフォームを含み得る。多くの適切な粒子が当技術分野で知られており、そして例示として、Luminex(登録商標)タイプのコード化粒子、コード化光ファイバー粒子、磁気粒子、およびガラス粒子を含む。基質および/またはその酵素切断生成物の固形担体との共有結合性相互作用は、いくつかのアッセイフォーマットで実施される洗浄工程中に基質および/または生成物を保持し、従って、酵素活性の強くかつ正確なシグナルを生じるのに有用である。
式IIに従って合成されるさらなる化合物を、表1に表す。
[表1]
表1
[表2]
表2
*は、NHS脂肪酸がHからDへの置換を含むことを示す。
**は、スフィンゴシンが末端のHからDへの置換を含むことを示す。
化合物1および9の基質を、それぞれ酸性β-グルコセレブロシダーゼ(ABG)およびガラクトセレブロシド-β-ガラクトシダーゼ(GALC)の存在を検出するのに使用する。血液を、同意した成人から静脈穿刺により得て、そして濾紙上にブロットする。それぞれのサンプルについて、3 mm径のディスクを乾燥血液の部分からパンチし、96穴マイクロタイタープレートのウエルに入れる。次に、血液ディスクを最終濃度500 μmol/Lの基質および10 μmol/Lの対応する内部標準を含むアッセイ溶液で直接インキュベーションする。アッセイ溶液に、最終濃度0.5 mol/Lの酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液をタウロコール酸と共に添加する。血液ディスクを含むアッセイ混合液を、15〜24時間、セ氏37℃で、恒温エア振とう機で軌道振とう(150 rpm)しながらインキュベーションする。インキュベーション時間の後、一定の分液の純メタノールをそれぞれの管またはウエルに添加して、酵素反応を停止させる。質量分析器に入れる前に、インキュベーション反応混合液を純メタノールで希釈する。質量分析のために、エレクトロスプレー源をポジティブモードに操作し、そしてイオンを親イオンスキャンモードで検出する。酵素生成物の量は、ブランクを差し引いた内部標準に対する生成物のイオン存在比から算出する。
別の実施形態において、式Iの基質での反応の生成物を免疫測定法によって定量する。濾紙上にスポットした血液を緩衝液中に戻し、活性成分を遊離させる。1つまたは一連の基質を反応容器に添加し、そして反応を一晩(〜14時間)進行させる。反応を、6倍容量のグリシン/NaOH pH 10.4を添加して停止させる。それぞれの反応のサンプルを高結合照射マイクロタイタープレートのウエルに添加し、そして反応生成物がプレートのウエルに十分に結合させるように一晩インキュベーションする。類似の緩衝液/サンプル中の生成物の標準曲線もまた、定量の基準として役立てるためにプレートに添加する。プレートの表面への結合が完了した後、ウエルをリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で、噴出ボトル、プレート洗浄機またはあらゆる他の自動もしくは非自動プレート洗浄システムを使用して2回洗浄する。続いて、タンパク質結合のためのすべてのさらなる部分を、例示として、PBS中の3%ウシ血清アルブミンまたは当技術分野で知られるあらゆる他の合成もしくは天然のブロッキング剤を含むブロッキング剤の添加によりブロックする。ブロッキング剤を、2時間室温でインキュベーションする。ウエルを3回PBSで洗浄する。次に、1次抗体をウエルに添加して、残った基質または生成物を認識および結合させる。抗体を、ウエル内で少なくとも2時間インキュベーションする。プレートを4回洗浄して、非結合抗体を除去する。1次抗体が標識されている場合、プレートを検出に使用する。任意に、標識化2次抗体をプレートウエル内に入れ、そしてさらに2時間インキュベーションした後、4回洗浄し、そして蛍光または光学式プレートリーダーなどによる適切な方法によって検出してもよい。
別の実施形態において、式IIIの基質による反応の生成物を免疫測定法によって定量する。濾紙上にスポットした血液を緩衝液中に戻し、活性成分を遊離させる。コード化粒子に固定された1つまたは一連の基質を反応容器、好ましくはマイクロプレートウエルに添加し、そして反応を一晩(〜14時間)進行させる。類似の緩衝液/サンプル中の酵素の標準曲線もまた、定量の基準として役立てるためにコード化粒子の別々のセットに添加する。反応を、6倍容量のグリシン/NaOH pH 10.4を添加して停止させる。次に、1次抗体をウエルに添加して、残った基質または生成物を認識および結合させる。抗体を、少なくとも30分間インキュベーションする。1次抗体が標識されている場合、すぐに検出ができる。任意に、標識化2次抗体をプレートウエル内に入れ、そしてさらに30分間インキュベーションしてもよい。検出を、フローサイトメーターにより行う。
式Iの例示的な実施形態のB2における活性末端アミノ基あるいは式IIもしくはIIIのR1またはR2基は、多くの標識方法に従う。代表的な実施例において、末端アミンを特にフルオロイソチオシアネート(FITC)で標識する。基質の誘導体化を、FITC分子をB2基の末端アミンに付加することにより実施する。類似の修飾は、存在するのであれば末端炭素上ではないアミン基で実施され得る。精製/凍結乾燥した基質を、0.1 M重炭酸ナトリウム緩衝液、pH9.0中に5 mg/mlの濃度で再溶解する。基質と反応する直前に、5 mgのFITC染料を0.5 mlのDMSOに暗下で溶解する。穏やかに攪拌しながら、0.1 mlの染色溶液を基質溶液に添加し、そして暗下で室温にて1時間インキュベーションする。遊離の反応しなかった染料を、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水で事前に平衡化した10×300 mm Sephadex Gカラムでゲル濾過することで除去する。最終生成物の濃度は、質量分析または当技術分野において知られる他の方法により測定する。さらに使用するまで-20℃で保存するために標識化基質を任意に濃縮および分液化する。
サンプル中の標識化生成物の量は、そのピークの領域を既知の濃度の標識化生成物からなる外部標準のそれと比較することによって測定する。反応における生成物の濃度は容易に測定され、そしてグルコセレブロシダーゼの活性は、単位反応時間で生成物モル数を割算して測定する。
Claims (7)
- 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、
式中、
AがD-グルコースまたはD-ガラクトースであり、
R1がC 4 アルキルであり;
R2がC13-C20アルキル、N、OもしくはSを含む置換基を有するC13-C20アルキル、C13-C20アルケニル、またはN、OもしくはSを含む置換基を有するC13-C20アルケニルである、
前記組成物。 - R2がC13アルキルである、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 下記式で表される構造を有する内部標準分子をさらに含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、
B1は、C1-C20アルキレン;ヘテロ原子含有C1-C20アルキレン、C2-C20アルケニレン;ヘテロ原子含有C2-C20アルケニレン、置換または非置換C6-C20アリーレンからなる群より選択され;
B2は、C2-C7ウレタン;C2-C7アミド、C2-C7エステル、C2-C7ウレイド;C2-C7カルバマート;C2-C7カルボニル;C1-C7アルキル;ヘテロ原子含有C1-C7アルキル;N、OまたはSを含む置換基を有するC1-C7アルキル;C2-C7アルケニル;ヘテロ原子含有C2-C7アルケニル;N、OまたはSを含む置換基を有するC2-C7アルケニルからなる群より選択され;
B3は、C1-C20アルキル、ヘテロ原子含有C1-C20アルキル;N、OまたはSを含む置換基を有するC1-C20アルキル;C4-C20エーテル;C1-C20エステル;C2-C20アルケニル;ヘテロ原子含有C2-C20アルケニル;N、OまたはSを含む置換基を有するC2-C20アルケニル;C2-C20アルキニル;ヘテロ原子含有C2-C20アルキニル;N、OまたはSを含む置換基を有するC2-C20アルキニル;C6-C20アリール;およびN、OまたはSから選択されるヘテロ原子を含有するC6-C20複素環からなる群より選択される、
前記組成物。 - 前記内部標準分子が、元素の、安定な2番目に多い同位体を含む、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 標的の酵素を含むサンプルを、標的の酵素が基質に作用して酵素生成物を生じることが可能な条件下で、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物と接触させるステップと;
前記酵素生成物を検出するステップ
とを含む、
in vitroでの酵素活性を検出するための方法。
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