JP6446429B2 - 金属被覆された光ファイバを製造する方法および装置、ならびに得られた光ファイバ - Google Patents
金属被覆された光ファイバを製造する方法および装置、ならびに得られた光ファイバ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6446429B2 JP6446429B2 JP2016502716A JP2016502716A JP6446429B2 JP 6446429 B2 JP6446429 B2 JP 6446429B2 JP 2016502716 A JP2016502716 A JP 2016502716A JP 2016502716 A JP2016502716 A JP 2016502716A JP 6446429 B2 JP6446429 B2 JP 6446429B2
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03694—Multiple layers differing in properties other than the refractive index, e.g. attenuation, diffusion, stress properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/106—Single coatings
- C03C25/1061—Inorganic coatings
- C03C25/1063—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
- C03C25/16—Dipping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/48—Coating with two or more coatings having different compositions
- C03C25/52—Coatings containing inorganic materials only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/48—Coating with two or more coatings having different compositions
- C03C25/54—Combinations of one or more coatings containing organic materials only with one or more coatings containing inorganic materials only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/70—Cleaning, e.g. for reuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1619—Apparatus for electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1619—Apparatus for electroless plating
- C23C18/1628—Specific elements or parts of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1619—Apparatus for electroless plating
- C23C18/1632—Features specific for the apparatus, e.g. layout of cells and of its equipment, multiple cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1655—Process features
- C23C18/1664—Process features with additional means during the plating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1872—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1886—Multistep pretreatment
- C23C18/1893—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03622—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 2 layers only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
- G02B6/56—Processes for repairing optical cables
- G02B6/566—Devices for opening or removing the mantle
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Description
(1)裸のファイバは、ダイまたは滑車などの硬質物質との任意の機械的接触なしに金属で被覆される。その結果、製造されたファイバの機械的信頼性を落とさない。したがって、機械的欠陥のない長いファイバを製造できる。
(2)浴容器の入口または出口の大きさは、ダイの大きさと比較してファイバが通過するのに十分な大きさである。被覆厚は、孔の大きさで決定されるのではなく、工程時間で決定される。したがって、薄い金属被覆を、機械的損傷なしに得ることができる。
(3)本明細書に記載の工程により実現可能な薄い金属被覆は、薄層および低い熱ギャップによる熱収縮に起因する顕著なファイバの収縮を引き起こさない。(好ましい実施形態において、工程温度が100deg.C未満であるため、低損失ファイバが得られる。)
更なる利点は、仮被覆での水溶性ポリマーの使用により実現される:
(1)液体ポリマーは乾燥により固体になるため、延伸工程中に、水溶性ポリマーは熱硬化ポリマー同様良好に被覆される。従来の熱硬化ポリマー被覆との良好な相容性。
(2)除去溶液は単なる水である。それは安全かつ容易に取り扱える。
(3)溶解速度は非常に速い。10マイクロメートルのポリマーの典型的な溶解速度は、室温水で1分以内である。より熱い湯を使用して、より速い溶解時間を達成することができる。
Claims (31)
- 金属被覆された光ファイバを製造する方法であって、前記方法が、
(a)液体可溶性ポリマー被覆によって囲まれたガラスファイバを有する、ある長さの光ファイバを提供する工程と、
(b)前記光ファイバを、一連の溶液浴を通して通過させて、前記ガラスファイバが前記各浴内の溶液に所定の滞留時間接触するようにする工程であって、前記一連の溶液浴が前記ポリマー被覆の除去とそれに続く前記ガラスファイバ上への金属のメッキをもたらす工程と、
(c)金属のメッキの後に前記光ファイバを収集して、選択された量の前記金属被覆された光ファイバが寄せ集められるようにする工程と、
を含み、
前記ガラスファイバが、前記一連の溶液浴の中を通して、前記溶液浴の各々内の対応する溶液以外何も接触せずに通過し、
前記液体可溶性ポリマー被覆が、水溶性ポリマーを含む方法。 - 前記ガラスファイバが炭素層を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記液体可溶性ポリマー被覆が、化学溶剤によって除去できるポリマー材料を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 化学溶剤によって除去できる前記ポリマー材料が、アクリラートを含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ポリマーが、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリエチレングリコール、およびポリビニルピロリドンからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー被覆の前記水溶性ポリマーが、水によって加熱せずに除去される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー被覆の前記水溶性ポリマーが、前記水によって1分間の滞留時間以下で除去される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液浴の各々が、入口および出口孔を有する容器を備えていて、これらを通して前記光ファイバが前記容器に接触せずに通過するようになっている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記容器内の液体が、再循環のために前記入口および出口孔から流出する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 金属被覆された光ファイバを製造する方法であって、前記方法が、
(a)液体可溶性ポリマー被覆によって囲まれたガラスファイバを有する、ある長さの光ファイバを提供する工程と、
(b)前記光ファイバを、一連の溶液浴を通して通過させて、前記ガラスファイバが前記各浴内の溶液に所定の滞留時間接触するようにする工程であって、前記一連の溶液浴が前記ポリマー被覆の除去とそれに続く前記ガラスファイバ上への金属のメッキをもたらす工程と、
(c)金属のメッキの後に前記光ファイバを収集して、選択された量の前記金属被覆された光ファイバが寄せ集められるようにする工程と、
を含み、
前記ガラスファイバが、前記一連の溶液浴の中を通して、前記溶液浴の各々内の対応する溶液以外何も接触せずに通過し、
前記溶液浴の各々が、入口および出口孔を有する容器を備えていて、これらを通して前記光ファイバが前記容器に接触せずに通過するようになっていて、
液体が、周囲圧力によって前記入口および出口孔から流出することを妨げられている、方法。 - 前記液体可溶性ポリマー被覆が、前記ガラスファイバを、ポリマー溶液を含有する少なくとも1種のダイを通過させることによって、前記ガラスファイバに適用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ガラスファイバが、前記少なくとも1種のダイを通して鉛直に通過される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記金属が、無電解メッキ法によって前記ガラスファイバ上にメッキされる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属が、ニッケル、銅、金、銀、および相応する合金からなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記ある長さの光ファイバが、1〜10キロメーターの長さである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 金属被覆された光ファイバを製造する方法であって、前記方法が、
(a)水溶性ポリマー被覆によって囲まれたガラスファイバを有する、ある長さの光ファイバを提供する工程と、
(b)前記光ファイバを、水浴を通して通過させて前記ポリマー被覆を除去する工程と、
(c)前記ポリマー被覆の除去の後に、前記ガラスファイバを、少なくとも1つの溶液浴を通して通過させ、その中の溶液に前記ガラスファイバが所定の滞留時間接触するようにして、前記ガラスファイバ上への金属の無電解メッキを達成する工程と、
(d)金属メッキの後に前記光ファイバを収集して、選択された量の前記金属被覆された光ファイバが寄せ集められるようにする工程と、
を含み、
前記ガラスファイバが、前記水浴および前記少なくとも1つの溶液浴を通して、その中の対応する液体以外何も接触せずに通過する方法。 - 前記ガラスファイバが炭素層を有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ポリマーが、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリエチレングリコール、およびポリビニルピロリドンからなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー被覆の前記水溶性ポリマーが、水によって加熱せずに除去される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー被覆の前記水溶性ポリマーが、前記水によって1分間の滞留時間以下で除去される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記浴の各々が、入口および出口孔を有する容器を備えていて、これらを通して前記光ファイバが前記容器に接触せずに通過するようになっている、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記水溶性ポリマー被覆が、少なくとも1種のダイを含有するポリマー溶液を通して前記ガラスファイバを通過させることによって、前記ガラスファイバに適用される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記金属が、ニッケル、銅、金、銀、および相応する合金からなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 光ファイバ製造工程の間に継続的にガラスファイバが通過する液体を含有する装置であって、前記装置が、
ある量の前記液体を含有する第1容器であって、前記第1容器が入口孔および出口孔を画定していて前記第1容器を通して前記ガラスファイバの通過の移動を可能にする、第1容器と、
貯蔵液体を含有するリザーバと、
前記貯蔵液体を前記リザーバから取り出して前記容器から流出した液体を戻すポンプと、
を含み、
前記ガラスファイバが、前記入口孔および前記出口孔を通して前記第1容器に接触せずに通過するようになっていて、
前記液体が、周囲圧力によって前記入口孔および前記出口孔から流出することを妨げられている装置。 - 前記第1容器の前記入口孔および前記出口孔から流出した液体が前記リザーバに流入して、前記貯蔵液体が再循環された液体であるようになっている、請求項24に記載の装置。
- 前記第1容器がその底部に液体入口を有し、そこに前記ポンプが前記貯蔵液体を供給する、請求項25に記載の装置。
- 前記第1容器の外側に第2容器を更に備え、前記第2容器が前記入口孔および前記出口孔から流出した前記液体を受容してそれが前記リザーバに流入するように位置づけられている、請求項26に記載の装置。
- 前記ガラスファイバが、取り出しリールから供給されて前記入口孔に入り、前記出口孔を出た後に巻き取りリール上に収集される、請求項25に記載の装置。
- 光ファイバ製造工程の間に継続的にガラスファイバが通過する液体を含有する装置であって、前記装置が、
入口孔および出口孔を画定する容器であって、前記容器を通して前記ガラスファイバの通過の移動を可能にする容器と、
前記容器が、ある量の前記液体を含有するとともに前記ある量の前記液体を超えるアレージを画定するように構成されていることと、
前記アレージと流体接続してそこに負圧を形成することにより、前記入口孔および前記出口孔からの前記液体の流出を妨げる真空源と、
を含む装置。 - 前記光ファイバが前記容器を通して水平に通過するようになっている、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記光ファイバが前記容器を通して水平に通過するようになっている、請求項21に記載の方法。
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