JP6442791B2 - 第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの表面の1つに対する溶接改質材の層の冷溶射を用いた、第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの溶接方法 - Google Patents
第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの表面の1つに対する溶接改質材の層の冷溶射を用いた、第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの溶接方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
- B23K15/006—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
- B23K15/0073—Seam welding with interposition of particular material to facilitate connecting the parts, e.g. using a filler
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
本発明は、特に割れ傾向が低減された溶接部を作製するための溶接方法に関する。本発明は、パワービーム等を含む各種溶接技術を用いて、対応するプリフォームと共に、アルミニウム合金等の割れやすい合金を溶接する方法と、これらを自動車又は他の組立体において組み込む方法と、を含む。
凝固する溶接金属の間の空間を液体金属で埋められないため、各種金属合金の溶接時に凝固割れが起こる。これは、溶融池での歪みが高くなりすぎること(収縮応力に耐えるには不十分な溶接部の強度)、並びに/又は、凝固する溶接金属の間の空間を十分な液体若しくは液体金属が通過できないことによるものであり得る。従って、これらの空間が収縮歪みによって開く。速い溶接速度(travel speeds)でなされた溶接部において、比較的長い涙滴状の溶融池が形成される。特に凝固温度範囲(freezing ranges)が広い複数の相を含有する合金においては、冷却凝固する溶融池の末端部(tail)は、熱い液状の前端部(liquid front)から送り出すことが困難になる。溶接割れを図1に示す。ここにおいて、板101の形状の第1ワークピース(加工対象物)は、板102の形状の第2ワークピースに重ね合わせられている。溶接部103は、ワークピース101,102を接合するために使用されている。しかしながら、溶接領域において明らかな割れ104が見られる。
本発明の第1の態様によれば、第1及び第2の金属ワークピース(workpiece)を共に溶接する方法であって、
a.冷溶射(cold spraying)又は熱溶射(thermal spraying)プロセスを用いて、第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの一方又は両方の表面に対して溶接改質材(weld modifying material)の層を付けるステップと、
b.溶接改質材が溶接部に組み込まれるように、第1及び第2の金属ワークピースを共に溶接するステップと、
を含む方法を提供する。
図2は、非直線状の接合線の配置を有する部品の組立体等の、アクセス制限が問題となり得る複雑な部品組立体に対する本発明の一実施形態の適用時における、典型的なプロセス工程を概略的に示す。
ガス温度:400℃
ガス圧力:35bar
粉体キャリアガスの流量:3.7m3.h−1(61.67l.min−1)
原料:粒径範囲60±13μmのAl−12Si(4047)粉体
粉体供給ホイールの回転数:3.4rpmに調整して、供給速度14.5〜15.10g.min−1(〜0.9kg.h−1)での粉体流れを与える。
塗装前に、320グリットSiCペーパー(仕上がり46.2μmに相当)及び600グリットSiCペーパー(仕上がり25.8μmに相当)を用いた研磨によって基板が準備された。しかしながら、この工程は、ワークピースの状態(腐食又は保護膜が存在すること)に依存し、必ずしも必要なものではない。
ガン離間距離:20mm
ガン直線噴射速度(ガンの横方向速度):100/150mm.s−1
ガンオフセット:1mm
ビーム電流(mA):16
速度(mm/min):1000
ビーム偏向:円形
振幅(mA):0.15
周波数(Hz):500
入射/出射傾斜角度(度):90
操作−Kawasaki FS60を採用するロボット駆動操作
離間距離−500mm
レーザスポット径−0.6mm
焦点位置−上部パネルの表面において0mm
シールドガス無し
Claims (18)
- 第1及び第2の薄い金属ワークピースを共に溶接する方法であって、
前記第1及び第2の薄い金属ワークピースのそれぞれが、1.5mm未満の厚さを有し、
a.冷溶射プロセスを用いて、前記第1及び第2の金属ワークピースの一方又は両方の表面に対して溶接改質材の層を付けるステップであり、前記溶接改質材は、金属材料であり、前記溶接改質材、前記第1の金属ワークピース、及び前記第2の金属ワークピースのそれぞれが、同じである最多の元素成分を有する、前記ステップと、
b.前記溶接改質材が溶接部に組み込まれるように、前記第1及び第2の金属ワークピースを共に溶接するステップと、を含み、
前記溶接改質材は、溶融池において、前記第1及び第2のワークピースからの材料と混ざる、方法。 - 前記溶接方法は、自生溶接法である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)における溶接は、パワービーム溶接法を用いて行われる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記パワービーム溶接法は、電子ビーム溶接又はレーザ溶接である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材は、粉体として噴射される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材の層は、変形粒子を含む微細構造を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材の層は、10体積パーセント未満の気孔率を持つ微細構造を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記層の厚さは、0.5mm未満である、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記層の前記厚さは、0.1mmより大きい、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2のワークピースが互いに隣接するような溶接配置に前記第1及び第2のワークピースを配置するステップをさらに含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接配置は、重なり合う配置である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 溶接速度は、毎分10メートルより大きい、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材を所定の個別の箇所に対して付けることによって、前記第1及び第2のワークピースの一方又は両方における複数の離れた箇所において前記方法を用いて溶接部を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2のワークピースの一方又は両方は、アルミニウム合金又は合金鋼から形成されている、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2のワークピースのそれぞれは、自動車部品である、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材は、シリコン含有材料である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材は、前記第1及び第2のワークピースよりも高いシリコンの含有量を有する、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶接改質材は、4xxxシリーズのアルミニウム合金から選択され、
前記第1及び第2のワークピースは、6xxxシリーズのアルミニウム合金から選択される、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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PCT/GB2013/053004 WO2015071621A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2013-11-14 | Method of welding first and second metallic workpiece with cold or thermal spraying a layer of weld modifying material to one of the surfaces |
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JP2016537201A JP2016537201A (ja) | 2016-12-01 |
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DE102016204341A1 (de) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Sprühstation für Schweißtrennmittel und Verfahren zum automatisierten Besprühen |
RU2681071C1 (ru) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-03-01 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт точных приборов" (АО "НИИ ТП") | Способ изготовления конструкций из защитных алюминиевых сплавов лазерной сваркой |
RU2681072C1 (ru) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-03-01 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт точных приборов" (АО "НИИ ТП") | Способ лазерной сварки алюминиевых сплавов |
CN112469529B (zh) * | 2018-07-19 | 2023-04-18 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 异种材料接合结构体的制造方法和异种材料接合结构体 |
JP7123674B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-20 | 2022-08-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 異材接合構造体の製造方法及び異材接合構造体 |
JP7028735B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-03-02 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 異材接合構造体の製造方法及び異材接合構造体 |
JP7190879B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-19 | 2022-12-16 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 冷却装置、構造物、溶接方法 |
JP2020131271A (ja) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-08-31 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 異種金属接合体の製造方法及び異種金属接合体 |
WO2021039155A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 異材接合構造体の製造方法及び異材接合構造体 |
US11992899B2 (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2024-05-28 | Fca Us Llc | Mitigation of the effects of aluminum from AISi coated boron steels during laser welding of tailor welded blanks by additive manufacturing |
CN115350833B (zh) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-20 | 二重(德阳)重型装备有限公司 | 锻造喷涂检测方法及喷涂方法 |
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JPS58188585A (ja) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Al材と異種金属材の接合方法 |
US4665294A (en) | 1986-03-27 | 1987-05-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method of welding aluminum alloys |
US6932879B2 (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2005-08-23 | Edison Welding Institute | Method of weldbonding |
US20080035615A1 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2008-02-14 | Y. Norman Zhou | Lap welding of steel articles having a corrosion resisting metallic coating |
JP4566091B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2010-10-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 異材接合方法 |
CA2521193A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-27 | Dana Corporation | Method of welding galvanized steel components |
JP2008105087A (ja) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 鉄部材とアルミニウム部材の接合方法及び鉄−アルミニウム接合体 |
JP2009191349A (ja) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 強化皮膜の接合界面の改質方法 |
CN103703865B (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2016-09-14 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 电接触复合材料,制造电接触复合材料的方法 |
JP2013188780A (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp | 異種金属接合方法 |
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