JP6431619B2 - 電解液漏れ感知用ワッシャー及びそれを含む二次電池 - Google Patents
電解液漏れ感知用ワッシャー及びそれを含む二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6431619B2 JP6431619B2 JP2017547987A JP2017547987A JP6431619B2 JP 6431619 B2 JP6431619 B2 JP 6431619B2 JP 2017547987 A JP2017547987 A JP 2017547987A JP 2017547987 A JP2017547987 A JP 2017547987A JP 6431619 B2 JP6431619 B2 JP 6431619B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3646—Constructional arrangements for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4228—Leak testing of cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/668—Means for preventing spilling of liquid or electrolyte, e.g. when the battery is tilted or turned over
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
1.ワッシャーの用意
厚さ105μm、濁度15%以下の透明ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを用意した。次いで、アクリル系接着剤(AKITACK(登録商標)P−Series)とメチルオレンジ指示薬とを97:3の重量部で混合し、それを前記フィルムに100μm厚さで塗布して乾燥し、粘着層が形成されたワッシャーを製造した。
NiをメッキしたSPCE(冷間圧延鋼板)を使用して、上端キャップ及び円筒型缶を製作し、円筒型缶に電極組立体を収納した後、電解液を注入した。前記電解液は、エチレンカーボネートとエチルプロピオネートとが5:5の重量比で混合された有機溶媒にLiPF6を1M濃度になるように混合した。前記実施例1で用意したワッシャーを適切に切断し、キャップアセンブリの上端キャップを囲みながらビーディング部の上端に載置及び接着し、熱収縮性チューブで缶の外面を囲みながらキャップアセンブリの上端部を密封して円筒型二次電池を製造した。前記二次電池を逆立ちさせた状態で、セルの内部に30kgfの圧力を加えて電解液の漏れを起こした後、ワッシャーの色相変化を確認した。
1.リトマス紙を用いたワッシャーの用意
リトマス紙を用意した。前記リトマス紙の一側表面にアクリル系接着剤(AKITACK(登録商標)P−Series)を100μmの厚さで塗布して乾燥し、粘着層が形成されたワッシャーを製造した。
NiをメッキしたSPCE(冷間圧延鋼板)を使用して、上端キャップ及び円筒型缶を製作し、円筒型缶に電極組立体を収納した後、電解液を注入した。前記電解液は、エチレンカーボネートとエチルプロピオネートとが5:5の重量比で混合された有機溶媒にLiPF6を1M濃度になるように混合した。次いで、比較例1で用意したワッシャーを適切に切断し、キャップアセンブリの上端キャップを囲みながらビーディング部の上端に載置及び接着し、熱収縮性チューブで缶の外面を囲みながらキャップアセンブリの上端部を密封して円筒型二次電池を製造した。
反応性評価
実施例1及び比較例1で製造されたワッシャーを用意し、各ワッシャーの粘着層部分(裏面)に電解液を滴下した。前記電解液は、エチレンカーボネートとエチルプロピオネートとが5:5の重量比で混合された有機溶媒に、LiPF6を1M濃度になるように混合したものを使用した。電解液を滴下した後、ワッシャーの色相変化を粘着層の反対面部分(前面)から確認した。
一方、図4a及び図4bにおいて、A、A’は前面、B、B’は裏面を示す。
実施例2及び比較例2で製造された電池を、温度65℃、相対湿度90%の条件で7日間放置し、電池腐食程度を確認した。図5bは、比較例2で製造された電池に対する実験結果を示したものである。図5bによれば、リトマス紙は水分を吸収するため、電池を高温/多湿な環境に放置すれば、電池が腐食することが確認できた。一方、実施例2の場合には、リトマス紙の代わりに高分子樹脂フィルム層を使用することで、前記フィルム層によって水分遮断効果が発揮され腐食が生じなかった(図5aを参照)。
実施例2及び比較例2で製造された二次電池を逆立ちさせた状態で、セルの内部に30kgfの圧力を加えて電解液の漏れを起こした後、ワッシャーの色相変化を確認した。実施例2による電池は、フィルム層を通してワッシャーの色相変化が感知されるため、目視で簡単に電解液の漏れを確認することができる。一方、比較例2の電池は、電解液漏れ前後にリトマス紙の色相変化が明確に現れなかった。
Claims (11)
- 板状の高分子樹脂フィルム層と、
前記板状の高分子樹脂フィルム層の一方の面に、該高分子樹脂フィルム層を全て被覆する形で形成された粘着層と、を含み、
それら高分子樹脂フィルム層と粘着層を貫通する形で電極端子用の穴が形成されており、
前記粘着層は、粘着成分及び指示薬成分を含み、電解液との接触によって色相が変化することを特徴とする、二次電池用ワッシャー。 - 前記高分子樹脂フィルム層が、粘着層の色相変化が外部から目視で観察できる透明材質または半透明材質であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記高分子樹脂フィルム層が、ポリオレフィン系高分子樹脂、アクリル系高分子樹脂、ポリカーボネート系高分子樹脂、ビニル系高分子樹脂、ABS(Acrylonitrile、Butadiene、Styrene)樹脂、ポリスチレン系高分子樹脂、ポリカーボネート系高分子樹脂、テトラフルオロエチレン、テフロン、ポリブチルテレフタレート及びポリエチレンテレフタレートからなる群より選択された、1種または2種以上の高分子樹脂を含むことを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記ポリオレフィン系樹脂が、低密度ポリエチレン、線状低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリメチルペンテン及びこれらの共重合体からなる群より選択された、1種以上であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記高分子樹脂フィルム層が、ポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネート系高分子樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレートからなる群より選択された、1種または2種以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記粘着成分が、アクリル系粘着性化合物、ゴム系粘着性化合物、シリコーン系粘着性化合物及びビニルエーテル系粘着性化合物からなる群より選択された、1種以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記アクリル系粘着性化合物が、アクリル酸エステル系単量体の単独重合体または共重合体、または前記アクリル酸エステル系単量体とアクリル酸、アクリル酸2‐ヒドロキシエチル、酢酸ビニルから選択された単量体との共重合体を含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 前記指示薬成分が、チモールブルー、ブロモフェノールブルー、メチルオレンジ、ブロモフェノールグリーン、メチルレッド、ブロモクレゾールパープル、ブロモチモールブルー、フェノールフタレイン、チモールフタレイン、インジゴカルミン、フェノールレッドからなる群より選択された、1種以上を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池用ワッシャー。
- 正極/分離膜/負極構造の電極組立体が金属缶に収納されている二次電池であって、電極組立体が収納された金属缶の開放上端に取り付けられるキャップアセンブリの上端にワッシャーが載置され、前記ワッシャーは請求項1に記載のワッシャーを含むことを特徴とする、二次電池。
- 前記ワッシャーが、粘着方式または機械的結合方式でキャップアセンブリの上端面に固定されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の二次電池。
- 前記ワッシャーの厚さが、0.05〜2mmであることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の
二次電池。
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