CN111288011A - 消除轴承端间隙的盖板和密封承载件 - Google Patents
消除轴承端间隙的盖板和密封承载件 Download PDFInfo
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- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
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- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
- F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
- F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
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Abstract
一种用于泵产品的轴承附接系统,该轴承附接系统具有密封承载件和盖板。该轴承附接系统适于产生力偏转曲线,该力偏转曲线在一对锥形轴承上提供夹持力,同时适应整个制造公差范围。盖板的几何形状和密封承载件的顶表面提供了期望的偏转特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于具有锥形滚子轴承的泵产品的附接系统,该附接系统在提供夹持力的同时还适应整个制造公差范围。
背景技术
泵产品通常包括壳体、倾斜盘、一对锥形滚子轴承、密封承载件和盖板,该盖板组装成保持锥形滚子轴承。锥形滚子轴承被定位成:当轴承受径向载荷时,在轴向方向上向由轴承保持的轴提供诱发的推力载荷。为了提供诱发的推力载荷,锥形滚子轴承受到包括密封承载件和盖板的附接系统的约束。
在锥形滚子轴承提供夹持力而又不会导致轴承过度磨损的情况下,很难获得端间隙游隙。在不进行调整的情况下控制所有零件的制造公差以实现可接受的端间隙既不切实际也不合算。通过使用合理的制造公差,使轴承端间隙处于端间隙略微地紧(压配合)或明显地松(端间隙游隙)的状态下。不可能有下述系统:该系统在所有公差条件下都保持紧的轴承端间隙,但又不至于太紧,从而不会严重地减少轴承寿命。
已经进行了许多尝试来解决该问题。在一个示例中,如在美国专利No.5,386,630中所公开的示例中,轴承组件被定位成使毂能够在主轴上旋转并且具有两个单列锥形滚子轴承。通过推压内座圈或锥形体以及它们之间的垫片来调整轴承组件,整个过程在轮毂离开主轴时进行。由调整工具(其配合通过非常像主轴的锥形体)施加的这种力压挤垫片并使垫片弹性且塑性地屈服。该力是递增地施加的,并且随着每一次递增前进,仅通过转动该调整工具即可检查轴承组件中的拖曳扭矩。当拖曳扭矩达到规定的大小时,压挤力被移除,并且调整工具被收回。两个座圈、塌陷的垫片和毂均安装在主轴端部上方的主轴螺母上。主轴螺母将两个座圈和垫片夹持在一起,而垫片确定了这两个座圈的间距,从而确定了轴承组件的设置。
在另一示例中,如在美国专利No.3,726,576中所公开的示例中,通过将垫片/垫圈定位在轴承座圈之一上并将轴向载荷施加到该垫圈上来调整能够承载推力载荷的轴承。该载荷受到轴承的抵抗,并且载荷大小足以使垫圈首先弹性变形然后塑性变形。塑性变形使得在移除轴向载荷并恢复弹性变形后,垫片将为轴承提供期望的端间隙或预载荷调整。
在EP2035722中公开的又一示例中,一种具有在锥形滚道之间单列布置的锥形滚子的补偿轴承,其中,滚子的轴向位置和所述轴承作为其一部分的系统的设置是通过肋环来控制的,所述肋环通过热膨胀系数高的补偿环而移离正常工作位置,从而控制轴承的设置。
在RU2268412中公开了另一示例,其中,柔性构件被安装在辅助轴承的前面,并且直接从轴上的轴向压力侧或者通过来自壳体侧的压制构件上的止动件支承在辅助轴承的外座圈上。压制构件与壳体连接,使得柔性构件可以变形。安装柔性构件以允许这些构件在主轴承的外座圈的轴承面与柔性构件的压制构件的表面之间的轴向线性膨胀。
尽管是有用的,但是利用螺纹调整、填隙和锥形碟形弹簧的这些和其他系统既费时、昂贵,又需要附加的包装尺寸。因此,在本领域中需要一种解决这些问题和缺点的系统。
本系统的主要目的是提供一种消除轴承端间隙的端板和密封承载件。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种端板和密封承载件,该端板和密封承载件允许轴承组件具有夹持力并且还适应整个制造公差范围。
基于以下书面描述、附图和权利要求,以上这些以及其他目的对于本领域普通技术人员而言将是明显的。
发明内容
通过用于一对锥形滚子轴承的附接组件实现了这些目的,该附接组件产生力-偏转曲线,该力-偏转曲线在轴承上提供夹持力,同时涵盖整个制造公差范围。使用模拟技术,盖板和密封承载件的顶表面具有提供期望的偏转特性的几何形状。无需增加不适当的成本、额外的零件或附加的包装尺寸即可获得期望的性能。
密封承载件具有凹的顶表面,该凹的顶表面在力的作用下接合并引起盖板的偏转。盖板具有中心孔和在盖板的外边缘附近的多个安装孔。为了提供偏转曲线特性,盖板具有多个切口、径向槽和/或形成多个指状部的隔开的径向槽。替代性地,盖板具有设置在环中的多个安装孔,该环具有多个弹簧元件,该多个弹簧元件适于扭曲和弯曲、从环向内延伸。
不管成形切口和/或槽的类型如何,盖板的刚度都降低到期望的水平,并结合密封承载件的形状来控制盖板在整个公差范围内变形的方式。
附图说明
图1是具有锥形滚子轴承的泵产品的侧剖视图;
图2是示出力-偏转曲线的图;
图3是附接组件的顶部立体图;
图4是盖板的立体图;
图5是附接组件的侧视图;
图6是盖板的俯视图;
图7是盖板的俯视图;
图8是盖板的俯视图;以及
图9是盖板的俯视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,用于泵产品12的附接组件或系统10(图5)包括盖板14和密封承载件16。泵产品12(图1)包括一对锥形滚子轴承18,这一对锥形滚子轴承被设置在壳体20内并且被定位成当由轴承18保持的轴22承受径向载荷时在轴向方向上向轴施加诱发的推力载荷。
密封承载件的盖板14和顶表面24具有提供期望的偏转特性的独特几何形状。使用包括具有非线性材料行为的有限元分析(FEA)在内的仿真技术获得该独特几何形状,以创建能够产生力-偏转曲线的盖板14,该力-偏转曲线在轴承18上提供适当量的夹持力,同时能够涵盖整个制造公差范围。特别地,如图2中的图表所示,预张力(N)与位移(mm)的可接受的力-偏转曲线在12000至18000N之间以及在0.35mm至约1.159mm之间。
有许多满足期望的预张力/位移特性的几何形状。关于密封承载件16,承载件16具有顶壁或顶表面24、底壁26以及侧壁28。侧壁28是圆形的并且具有围绕侧壁28延伸的中心凹槽30。密封承载件16具有中心孔32。优选地,顶表面24是凹的。
盖板14优选地由具有孔和通过冲压或激光切割形成的成形切口的钢平板制成。盖板14的厚度由应用和期望的预张力/位移特性来确定。
盖板14具有中心孔34和外边缘36,中心孔34形成为与密封承载件的中心孔32对准。优选地,外边缘36通常为三角形形状,其中,由三个略微弯曲的安装部分40连接三个笔直的伸长部分38。替代性地,外边缘36具有单个伸长的笔直部分38和弧形部分42。
在安装部分附近是安装孔44,该安装孔形成为接收将盖板14连接至泵产品12的螺钉(未示出)。切口46定位在安装孔44和中心孔34之间。切口46是弧形的,并且优选地相对于安装孔44是凹的。切口46的位置向安装螺钉的内部提供一定的柔性,而螺钉下面的材料保持平坦抵靠壳体20。切口的长度和宽度适于提供所需的刚度。
在另一示例中(图3),径向槽48从中心孔34延伸到切口46。替代性地(图4),径向槽48从中心孔34朝向安装孔44延伸并且在到达安装孔44之前停止。
在又一示例中(图7),径向槽48以隔开的关系从中心孔34朝向盖板14的外边缘38部分地延伸。径向槽48之间的空间形成多个指状部50。槽48和指状部的数量和宽度适于产生所提供的力曲线。优选地,指状部50是平坦的并且驻留在与盖板相同的水平面中。这允许盖板14被安装成任一侧面朝壳体20。替代性地,指状部50全部沿相同的方向弯曲或者交替的指状部沿相同的方向弯曲,以减少活动指状部的数量并且允许盖板14被安装成任一侧面向壳体20。
在类似的示例中(图8),形成径向槽48和指状部50以形成具有与钢笔的笔尖类似的形状的指状部50。更具体地,指状部50将具有基部52、尖端54以及从基部52延伸到尖端54的一对侧边缘56。优选地,侧边缘56从基部52向外成角度地到达过渡尖端58,然后从过渡尖端58向内到达尖端54。一起使用或组合使用这些设计示例中的每一个。
最后,在又一示例中(图9),盖板14具有呈类似于鱼钩的J形的多个槽48。槽48具有第一端60和从第一端60相对于中心孔34成弧形地以隔开关系延伸的第一部分62。第一部分62终止于第二部分64,该第二部分从第一部分62弯曲到与中心孔34连通的第二端66。槽48形成定位在槽48和中心孔34之间的弹簧元件68。弹簧元件68还具有延伸到中心孔34中的凸缘70。弹簧元件68适于在偏转期间弯曲和扭曲。弹簧元件的长度和宽度适于实现期望的力。
因此,已经公开了一种用于泵产品中的锥形滚子轴承的附接系统,该附接系统在轴承上提供夹持力,同时适应整个范围的制造公差。
Claims (10)
1.一种轴承附接系统,包括:
泵产品,其具有一对锥形滚子轴承;
附接组件,其连接到所述泵产品,并且包括密封承载件和盖板;
其中,所述附接组件适于产生力偏转曲线,所述力偏转曲线在所述一对锥形滚子轴承上提供夹持力,同时适应整个制造公差范围。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述力偏转曲线具有在12000N至18000N之间的预张力以及在0.35mm至1.159mm之间的位移。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述盖板具有:中心孔、在外边缘附近的多个安装孔、以及位于所述中心孔与所述多个安装孔之间的多个切口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述多个切口是弧形的并且相对于所述安装孔是凹的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的轴承附接系统,还包括从所述中心孔延伸到所述切口的多个径向槽。
6.根据权利要求3所述的轴承附接系统,其中,多个径向槽从所述中心孔朝向所述多个安装孔延伸,并且在所述安装孔之前终止。
7.根据权利要求3所述的轴承附接系统,其中,多个径向槽以彼此隔开的关系从所述中心孔朝向所述盖板的外边缘部分地延伸,以在所述多个径向槽之间形成多个指状部。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述多个指状部各自具有基部、尖端以及在所述基部与所述尖端之间延伸的侧边缘。
9.根据权利要求1所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述盖板包括环,所述环具有多个弹簧元件,所述多个弹簧元件从所述环向内延伸并且适于在偏转期间弯曲和扭曲。
10.根据权利要求1所述的轴承附接系统,其中,所述密封承载件的顶表面是凹的。
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USD939410S1 (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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