JP6407652B2 - 規定された酸価の持続型ポリエステル樹脂を製造するための方法 - Google Patents
規定された酸価の持続型ポリエステル樹脂を製造するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6407652B2 JP6407652B2 JP2014203781A JP2014203781A JP6407652B2 JP 6407652 B2 JP6407652 B2 JP 6407652B2 JP 2014203781 A JP2014203781 A JP 2014203781A JP 2014203781 A JP2014203781 A JP 2014203781A JP 6407652 B2 JP6407652 B2 JP 6407652B2
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- acid
- diol
- alcohol
- dimethyl
- mixture
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- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical group CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QYSGMOBJQRGWAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trimethylhexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(C)(C)C(O)O QYSGMOBJQRGWAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)O QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000001060 yellow colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
- C08G63/54—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/553—Acids or hydroxy compounds containing cycloaliphatic rings, e.g. Diels-Alder adducts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/672—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
- G03G9/0806—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium whereby chemical synthesis of at least one of the toner components takes place
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Description
適切なポリエステル樹脂としては、例えば、スルホン化、非スルホン化、結晶質、非晶質、それらの組み合わせ等であるものがあげられる。前記ポリエステル樹脂は、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、架橋、それらの組み合わせ等でもよい。
トナー組成物またはそのための試薬は、界面活性剤を含む分散液でもよい。前記ポリマーと前記トナーの他の成分が組み合わせられるエマルジョン凝集法は、エマルジョンを形成するために、1つ以上の界面活性剤を使用し得る。
前記トナー粒子と混合するためのキャリア粒子の例としては、前記トナー粒子のそれとは反対の極性の電荷を摩擦電気的に取得可能なそれらの粒子があげられる。
所望のトナー組成物および現像剤は、例えば、画像を形成する目的のために同組成物および現像剤を送り出すための専用の装置内に包含され得る。このような装置としては、カートリッジ、タンク、貯蔵部等があげられ、置換可能、使い捨てまたは再利用可能であることができる。
蒸留装置、底部のドレン弁および機械スターラーを備える1リットルのBuchi反応器に、206.8gのデヒドロアビエチン酸(Rondis R、Arakawa Chem.)、80.27gのグリセリンカーボネート(Huntsman Chem.)および1.52gの臭化テトラエチルアンモニウム(Sigma Aldrich)を充填した。前記混合物を、窒素のブランケット下で、約178℃の温度に、3時間の期間、100rpmで攪拌しながら加熱した。前記混合物を、その温度でさらに2時間維持した。得られたロジンジオールのAVは、約0.6mgのKOH/g ロジンジオールであった。ついで、その混合物に、139.5gのジプロピレングリコール(Sigma Aldrich)、218.2gのテレフタル酸(Amoco)および2gのn−ブチルスズ酸化物水酸化物(FASCAT 4100、Arkema Inc.)を添加した。その調製物において、二酸に対して化学量論量の過剰のジオール(0.51から0.49モル当量)を利用する。ついで、前記混合物を、100rpmで攪拌しながら、3時間の期間にわたって、225℃の温度に加熱し、15ml/分の窒素流量下で維持した。サンプルを、前記樹脂のAVおよび、Mettler FP90軟化点装置を使用して前記樹脂のTsを測定するために、10時間の期間にわたって、前記混合物から採取した。前記形成樹脂のAVおよびTsに基づいて、(以下に記載の)操作を行って、持続型樹脂のための目的のAVおよびTs値が得られるように、温度(したがって、過剰のジオール成分のものであるジプロピレングリコールの揮発性/蒸気圧)、すなわち、図1に図示されるように、約114℃から約118℃で変化させることにより前記樹脂のAV、および約10から約16mgのKOH/g 樹脂のAVを調整した。前記目的の値を、「スペック範囲」と標識された破線(囲まれた)領域に示す。
実施例1について、前記反応の温度を、225℃で10時間維持した。図1に示すように、前記樹脂の酸価は、軟化点の関数として急速に低下した。最終的な樹脂は、前記「スペック範囲」を十分下回って終わると予測された。それは、二酸に対する過剰の化学量論量のジオール(0.51から0.49モル当量)により、低いAVの持続型樹脂をもたらすためである。
Claims (10)
- 1つの反応器内でポリエステルポリマーを製造するための方法であって、
(i)少なくとも1つのアルコールと少なくとも1つのカルボン酸とを、縮合反応条件下で組み合わせて混合物を形成し、ポリエステルポリマーを製造する工程であって、前記少なくとも1つのアルコールが、ジプロピレングリコールである第1のアルコールを含み、前記アルコールが、前記混合物中、前記混合物中の前記カルボン酸の量に対して過剰に存在する工程;
(ii)前記混合物を加熱して前記ポリエステルポリマーを製造する工程;
(iii)酸価(AV)が1グラムのポリマーあたり10mgのKOH未満である場合に前記工程(ii)の混合物を230℃以上に加熱して、ある量のジプロピレングリコールを前記混合物から蒸留して前記ポリエステルポリマーを製造する工程;ならびに、
(iv)1グラムのポリマーあたり10から16mgのKOHの酸価(AV)を有する、前記ポリエステルポリマーを回収する工程であって、ある量のジプロピレングリコールを前記混合物から蒸留し、酸に対するアルコールの相対量および前記ポリエステルポリマーのAVを調整する工程;
を含み、
前記少なくとも1つのアルコールが、ロジンジオールを製造するためのロジン酸と、グリセリンカーボネートと、の反応生成物である、第2のアルコールをさらに含む、方法。 - 前記少なくとも1つのカルボン酸が、テレフタル酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、フマル酸、トリメリット酸、フマル酸ジエチル、イタコン酸ジメチル、cis−1,4−ジアセトキシ−2−ブテン、フマル酸ジメチル、マレイン酸ジエチル、マレイン酸、コハク酸、イタコン酸、コハク酸、シクロヘキサン酸、無水コハク酸、ドデシルコハク酸、無水ドデシルコハク酸、グルタル酸、無水グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、ドデカン二酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸ジメチル、テレフタル酸ジメチル、テレフタル酸ジエチル、イソフタル酸ジメチル、イソフタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジメチル、無水フタル酸、フタル酸ジエチル、コハク酸ジメチル、ナフタレンジカルボン酸、二酸二量体、フマル酸ジメチル、マレイン酸ジメチル、グルタル酸ジメチル、アジピン酸ジメチル、ドデシルコハク酸ジメチルおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つのアルコールが、1,2−プロパンジオール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,2−ブタンジオール、1,3−ブタンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、ヘキサンジオール、2,2−ジメチルプロパンジオール、2,2,3−トリメチルヘキサンジオール、ドデカンジオール、1,4−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、1,3−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、ヘプタンジオール、キシレンジメタノール、シクロヘキサンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、ビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)オキシド、ジブチレングリコールまたはそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、第3のアルコールをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ロジンジオールが、アビエチン酸−ジオール、アビエチン酸−モノグリセラート、パルストリン酸−ジオール、パルストリン酸−モノグリセラート、デヒドロアビエチン酸−ジオール、デヒドロアビエチン酸−モノグリセラート、ネオ−アビエチン酸−ジオール、ネオ−アビエチン酸−モノグリセラート、レボ−ピマル酸−ジオール、レボ−ピマル酸−モノグリセラート、ピマル酸−ジオール、ピマル酸−モノグリセラート、サンダラコピマル酸−ジオール、サンダラコピマル酸−モノグリセラート、イソ−ピマル酸−ジオール、イソ−ピマル酸−モノグリセラート、水素化アビエチン酸−ジオール、水素化パルストリン酸−ジオール、水素化デヒドロアビエチン酸−ジオール、水素化ネオ−アビエチン酸−ジオール、水素化レボ−ピマル酸−ジオール、水素化ピマル酸−ジオール、水素化サンダラコピマル酸−ジオールおよび水素化イソ−ピマル酸−ジオールからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記加熱工程(ii)が、220℃と235℃との間の温度である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記カルボン酸に対する前記アルコールのモル比が、カルボン酸0.5当量に対して0.5当量より大きい、請求項1記載の方法。
- アルコール、カルボン酸または両方をさらに添加することなく、前記AVを得る、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記加熱工程(ii)および(iii)において、温度を220℃と235℃との間で変動して前記モル比を変える、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記加熱工程(i)および(ii)において、アルコール、カルボン酸または両方をさらに添加することなく、温度を220℃と235℃との間で変動して前記AVを得る、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ポリエステルポリマーを任意の非晶質樹脂、任意の結晶質樹脂、任意の着色剤および任意のワックスと組み合わせて、トナー粒子を形成する工程を、さらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
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