JP6390020B2 - 誘導電力伝送システム - Google Patents
誘導電力伝送システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6390020B2 JP6390020B2 JP2015527959A JP2015527959A JP6390020B2 JP 6390020 B2 JP6390020 B2 JP 6390020B2 JP 2015527959 A JP2015527959 A JP 2015527959A JP 2015527959 A JP2015527959 A JP 2015527959A JP 6390020 B2 JP6390020 B2 JP 6390020B2
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H02J7/025—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
- H03F3/2176—Class E amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Description
結合係数を最大化するには、ループ半径は最大化されるべきである。
ループ寸法に関する所与の制約に関しては、最適な周波数が存在し、概ね、表皮効果抵抗に比べて放射抵抗が有意になり始める点である。
ワイヤ半径及びコイル巻数は、可能な限り大きくすべきである(電界ひいては放射を制限するため、コイルは電気的に小さく維持すべき点に留意)。
ループのサイズが等しくない場合、最大動作周波数は主に、2つのコイルのうちの大きい方によって決まり、これが最低自己共振周波数にも影響する。
ここで、ωdは駆動された動作の角周波数、Lはコイルの自己インダクタンス、Rrad(ωd)は放射抵抗[30]、Nはコイルの巻数、ηoは自由空間のインピーダンス、rはコイルの半径、βo(ωd)=2π/λd、λdは駆動クロック周波数における自由空間波長、aは銅管の半径、σoは銅の低周波伝導率、μoは自由空間の透磁率である。RSkin(ωd)は、表皮効果抵抗の近似値であるが、近接効果も考慮に入れたButterworthの数値モデル[31]を用いたシミュレーションで算出したものである。
ここで、Tambは周囲温度、TssRXは受信機コイルのヒートシンク定常状態温度、RthRX(T)はRX負荷の集中熱抵抗である。温度測定結果は、すべての温度が定常状態に達するまで既知のDC電力をRX負荷に適用することによって校正した。そして、IPTシステムの試験時と同じ熱的な実験条件下での測定を行った。
[I] N.Tesla, "Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy," U.S. Patent 1119 732, 1914.
[2] K.V. Schuylenbergh and R. Puers, Inductive Powering: Basic Theory and Applicationto Biomedical Systems. Springer, Jul. 2009.
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[4] D.Schneider, "Wireless power at a distance is still far away [electronsunplugged]," Spectrum, IEEE, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 34 -39, May 2010.
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[6] M.Budhia, G. A. Covic, and J. T. Boys, "Design and optimization of circularmagnetic structures for lumped inductive power transfer systems," IEEETrans. Power Electron., vol. 26, no. 11 , pp. 3096-3108, Nov. 2011.
[7] A.Karalis, J. D. Joannopoulos, and M. Soljacic, "Efficient wirelessnon-radiative mid-range energy transfer," Annals of Physics, vol. 323, no.1 , pp. 34-48, 2008.
[8] B.Wang, K. H. Teo, T. Nishino, W. Yerazunis, J. Barnwell, and J. Zhang,"Experiments on wireless power transfer with metamaterials," AppliedPhysics Letters, vol. 98, no. 25, Jun. 2011.
[9] A.Kurs, A. Karalis, R. Moffatt, J. D. Joannopoulos, P. Fisher, and M. Soljacic,"Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances,"Science, vol. 317, no. 5834, pp. 83-86, Jul. 2007.
[10]S. H. Lee and R. D. Lorenz, "Development and validation of model for 95%efficiency, 220W wireless power transfer over a 30-cm air-gap," IEEETrans, on Ind. Appi, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 2495-2504, Sep. 2011.
[I I]N. Y. Kim and K. Y. Kim, "Automated frequency tracking system forefficient mid-range magnetic resonance wireless power transfer," Microwaveand Optical, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1423-1426, Jun. 2012.
[12]Z. N. Low, R. Chinga, R. Tseng, and J. Lin, "Design and test of a highpower high-efficiency loosely coupled planar wireless power transfersystem," IEEE Trans. Ind.
Electron.,vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1801-1812, May 2009.
[13]J. J. Casanova, Z. N. Low, and J. Lin, "Design and optimization of aClass-E amplifier for a loosely coupled planar wireless power system,"IEEE Trans, on Circuits and Syst. II: Express Briefs, vol. 56, no. 11 , pp.830-834, Nov. 2009.
[14]"Plugless Power," Feb. 2012. [Online]. Available:http://www.pluglesspower.com/ [15] T. P. Duong and J. W. Lee,"Experimental results of high-efficiency resonant coupling wireless powertransfer using a variable coupling method," IEEE Trans. Microw. WirelessCompon. Lett., vol. 21 , no. 8, pp. AA2-AAA, Aug. 2011.
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http://delphi.com/shared/pdf/ppd/pwrelec/wireless-charging-system.pdf
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3979-3982.
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Technologies,Systems, and Applications (IMWS), 201 1 IEEE MTT-S International, May 2011 ,pp. 73-76.
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[29]D. Kajfez, S. Chebolu, M. R. Abdul-Gaffoor, and A. A. Kishk, "Uncertaintyanalysis of the transmission-type measurement of Q-factor," IEEE Trans.Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 367-371 , Mar. 1999.
[30]C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd ed. John Wiley, 2005.
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Claims (23)
- 送信機コイルを備える送信機回路と、
前記送信機コイルから離間された受信機コイルを備える受信機回路とを備える誘導電力伝送システムであって、
前記送信機回路が、
電源の端子間における直列の第1のインダクタ及びトランジスタであって、前記トランジスタが第1の周波数でスイッチングするように構成された、第1のインダクタ及びトランジスタと、
前記第1のインダクタと電源端子との間における前記トランジスタと並列の第1の送信機キャパシタンスと、
前記第1の送信機キャパシタンスと並列の1次側タンク回路であって、前記送信機コイルと、前記送信機コイルと並列又は直列に配置された第2の送信機キャパシタンスとを備える、1次側タンク回路と、
前記第1の送信機キャパシタンスと前記1次側タンク回路との間における前記第1のインダクタと直列の第3の送信機キャパシタンスとを備えるクラスE増幅器の形態であり、
前記第2の送信機キャパシタンスが、前記1次側タンク回路の共振周波数が前記第1の周波数と等しくないように選択され、
前記第2の送信機キャパシタンスが、前記送信機コイルに並列に配置され、
前記第2の送信機キャパシタンスが、前記1次側タンク回路の共振周波数が前記第1の周波数よりも高くなるように選択される、誘導電力伝送システム。 - 前記1次側タンク回路の共振周波数に対する前記第1の周波数の比が、0.5以上1未満である、請求項1に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記1次側タンク回路の所望の実効インピーダンスを実現するために、前記受信機回路が共振周波数を有し、前記送信機回路が前記第1の周波数を変更するように構成された、請求項1又は2に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイル及び/又は前記受信機コイルが空心型である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイル及び/又は前記受信機コイルが、少なくとも5cmの直径を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイル及び/又は前記受信機コイルが、少なくとも10cmの直径を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイルと前記受信機コイルの間の使用時の間隔が、少なくとも15cmである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記トランジスタが金属酸化物半導体電界効果トランジスタである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記第1の周波数が、少なくとも80kHzである、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記第1の周波数が、少なくとも1MHzである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイルと前記受信機コイルとの間で伝送される電力が、少なくとも1ワットである、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記送信機コイルと前記受信機コイルとの間で伝送される電力が、少なくとも10ワットである、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記第1の送信機キャパシタンスが、前記トランジスタの出力キャパシタンスで形成される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記受信機回路がクラスE整流器を備える、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記受信機回路が、第1の受信機キャパシタンスと、前記第1の受信機キャパシタンスと並列の2次側タンク回路とを備え、
前記受信機回路が、前記第1の受信機キャパシタンスと並列に負荷を受け入れるように構成され、
前記2次側タンク回路が、前記受信機コイルと、前記受信機コイルと並列に配置された第2の受信機キャパシタンスとを備え、前記2次側タンク回路と前記第1の受信機キャパシタンスの間に第1のダイオードが設けられた、請求項14に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。 - 前記第2の受信機キャパシタンスが、前記2次側タンク回路の共振周波数が前記第1の周波数と異なるように選択されることにより、前記2次側タンク回路が半共振状態で動作するとともにいくらかの反応性インピーダンスを維持する、請求項15に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記第1の周波数の前記2次側タンク回路の共振周波数に対する比が、0.2〜3の範囲である、請求項16に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記受信機回路が、前記第1のダイオードと並列の少なくとも1つの第2のダイオードを備える、請求項15〜17のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記受信機回路が一つのインダクタを含み、当該インダクタが前記受信機コイルである、請求項14〜18のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記受信機回路が、前記第1のダイオードに並列な一つのキャパシタンスを含み、当該キャパシタンスが、前記第1のダイオードの接合キャパシタンスによって与えられる、請求項15〜17のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 前記第1のダイオードが、炭化ケイ素ダイオード若しくは窒化ガリウムダイオードであるか、又は他の広バンドギャップ材料で形成される、請求項15〜17及び20のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システム。
- 請求項15〜21のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システムの前記受信機回路。
- 請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載の誘導電力伝送システムの前記送信機回路。
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2013
- 2013-05-30 CA CA2817288A patent/CA2817288A1/en not_active Abandoned
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KR20150048188A (ko) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2888801B1 (en) | 2020-06-17 |
CA2817288A1 (en) | 2014-02-24 |
WO2014029961A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
KR101931275B1 (ko) | 2018-12-20 |
MX2013006253A (es) | 2014-09-03 |
IN2015DN02341A (ja) | 2015-08-28 |
JP2015532084A (ja) | 2015-11-05 |
GB201309691D0 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
CN105247761A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
GB2505278B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
US9899877B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
GB201215152D0 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
MX338521B (es) | 2016-04-19 |
SG11201501219RA (en) | 2015-03-30 |
US20150207334A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
EP2888801A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
GB2505278A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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