JP6387572B2 - Method and apparatus for hydrating earth and sand - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to soil improvement of earthwork in the field of civil engineering, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for adding earth and sand to adjust the moisture content of earth and sand by addition of water.

  Soil-based water-insulating liners with high water-blocking performance are used for water-blocking layers such as containment of soil contamination and final waste disposal sites. However, it is not always easy to obtain locally generated soil that can be applied to a soil-based water-impervious liner and has sufficient water-imperviousness and good workability. Therefore, modification of natural materials, bentonite mixed soil, and the like are used, but since the water impermeability varies depending on the initial moisture content, it is necessary to adjust the improved soil to the optimum moisture content. However, when bentonite mixed soil has high water barrier properties, when water is added, there is a problem that dispersion of water content increases, viscosity becomes high, and it becomes difficult to mix by adhering to the equipment. It was. Such a problem has been the same in the case of shear disposal caused by tunnel excavation and mixed soil production for purification of soil contamination.

  As a conventional improvement method of earth and sand, for example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of belt conveyors are arranged in series, and a sand, bentonite, gravel supply unit from the upstream side, and a water supply unit are attached to the downstream side. A bentonite mixed soil preparation device capable of continuously preparing mixed soil is disclosed.

  Further, Patent Document 2 includes a base material and a powder supply unit, a mixing device, and a fluid mixing device. The powder mixture is freely dropped, and a fine fluid is injected from a plurality of injection nozzles. An apparatus for producing a powder mixture for water addition is disclosed.

JP 2011-156735 A JP 2013-85889 A

  However, the improved soil mixing and hydrating method by the belt conveyor as in Patent Document 1 is difficult to say that the base material and bentonite overlap each other in a layered manner, so that they are uniformly mixed. In addition, the water content increases between the central portion of the lump and the surface by adding water to the surface, so that the dry density of the compacted mixed soil that leads to a decrease in water shielding is reduced. Since water is added to the falling earth and sand, the earth and sand which is only added to the surface adheres to the apparatus and becomes a lump. Since mixing is performed by a long belt conveyor, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large.

  Moreover, in the method of adjusting to the required water content ratio in the vertical dropping water addition method of spraying mist while dropping earth and sand as in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to install a plurality of devices for spraying on the mist. There is a problem that the apparatus becomes long and the equipment becomes large. In addition, since mixing is performed in a separate device, there is a problem that the installation space of the facility becomes large. Furthermore, since there is no step of kneading after the addition of water, the dry density of the compacted mixture that leads to a decrease in water shielding is reduced. Conventional mist supply requires a nozzle to be sprayed in a mist state. When a large amount of water is supplied, there is a problem that the supply may be insufficient.

  In order to solve the above-described problems of the conventional technique, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for adding earth and sand that can efficiently add earth and sand in a space-saving manner.

As a first means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotary hammer that rotates in a vertical cylindrical casing in which the water supply pipe of the hydration means and the introduction port of earth and sand are separated from each other and supplied separately from above. Supplying water or additives to the body and pulverizing to make a mist atmosphere, supplying earth and sand in the casing in the mist atmosphere, applying impact with the rotary impactor, pulverizing and mixing and stirring And a step of hydrating earth and sand.

As a second means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention measures the moisture of the earth and sand before being supplied by the moisture measuring means provided in the quantitative supply part of the carry-in means of the casing in the first means. And a step of controlling the water supply amount of the water or the additive to satisfy the difference from the water amount necessary for the set value of the water content ratio of the mixed soil, based on the moisture measurement value of the earth and sand. It is a feature.

As a third means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a vertical type in which the earth and sand supplied from the upper earth and sand introduction port can be crushed by impacting with a rotary impacting body that can rotate inside and mixed and stirred. A cylindrical casing, and a hydration means capable of supplying water or an additive from the upper part of the casing toward the rotary impacting body, wherein the water supply pipe of the hydration means and the earth and sand inlet are separated from each other separately. The casing is characterized in that the water or additive is pulverized by the rotary impacting body and the inside of the casing is made a mist atmosphere so that the earth and sand are hydrated while being mixed and stirred.

The present invention provides, as a fourth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a moisture measurement capable of measuring the moisture of the earth and sand before being provided and supplied to the quantitative supply section of the casing carrying-in means in the third means. Electrically connected to the means, the hydration means and the moisture measurement means, based on the moisture measurement value of the earth and sand, the water satisfying the difference between the moisture amount necessary for the set value of the water content ratio of the mixed soil or And a control means capable of controlling the water supply amount of the additive.

According to the present invention as described above, since the earth and sand and the water or additive are stirred and mixed by the impacting body, the earth and sand can be mixed and hydrated at the same time, and the space can be saved in a short time. be able to.
Further, according to the present invention as described above, water or an additive is impacted with a rotary impacting body so that it is misted and the inside of the casing is made into a mist atmosphere. In particular, in a water-impervious material containing a large amount of fine particles (including bentonite) that tend to be agglomerated, the dry density of the compacted mixed soil can be increased, and the water-impervious property can be improved. Furthermore, there is no need to provide a plurality of conventional spray nozzles in multiple stages, so that a large amount of water can be treated and space can be saved.
According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to reduce adhesion of hydrated earth and sand to the apparatus or to form a lump, and earth and sand having a predetermined moisture content can be easily obtained.
Further, according to the present invention as described above, since the water supply amount necessary for the set value of the water content ratio is supplied from the actual measured value of the soil and sand, it is possible to accurately obtain the soil and sand having a predetermined water content ratio.

It is a composition schematic diagram of the earth and sand water adding device of the present invention. It is an enlarged side view of a vertical cylindrical casing. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the dry density of earth and sand, and a water content ratio.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a method and an apparatus for adding earth and sand according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the earth and sand water adding device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a vertical cylindrical casing. The constituent elements (parts / members) of this embodiment that do not describe materials or materials are made of metal. As such a metal, steel having excellent mechanical properties such as impact resistance is often employed. Of the materials and materials that are not described, there are known parts and members that are obviously not made of metal.

  As shown in the figure, the earth and sand hydrating apparatus 10 of the present invention is a vertical cylindrical casing 20 which can pulverize and mix and agitate the earth and sand supplied from the opening on the upper surface with a rotary impacting body 38 which can rotate inside. Hydrating means 50 capable of supplying water or additives toward the rotary impacting body 38 in the casing 20, moisture measuring means 60a and 60b capable of measuring the moisture of the earth and sand before being supplied to the casing 20, and The control unit 70 that can control the water supply amount of water or additive so as to satisfy the difference between the moisture measurement value and the moisture amount necessary for the set value of the water content ratio of the mixed soil has a basic configuration.

  The casing 20 is a vertical cylindrical shape, in other words, a processing container in which both end surfaces are arranged vertically. The casing 20 is attached to the support base 21. The casing 20 is formed with a sediment introduction port 22 at the top and a sediment discharge port 24 at the bottom. The earth and sand introduction port 22 is formed in a chute shape so as to drop the earth and sand into the casing 20. The casing 20 can be mounted on a continuous sediment transport line. In this embodiment, the end of the sediment transport conveyor 42 is disposed above the sediment introduction port 22 of the casing 20, and the start of the sediment discharge conveyor 48 is the casing 20. It is arranged below the earth and sand discharge port 24.

  A crushing means 30 is attached to the casing 20. The crushing means 30 has a rotation shaft 32, a connecting portion 34, a motor 36, and a rotary impacting body 38 as the main basic components.

  The rotating shaft 32 is a shaft arranged at the center of the casing 20, and the central axis is arranged in the vertical direction in the casing 20. The lower end of the rotating shaft 32 is pivotally supported by a bearing (not shown) in the casing 20, and the upper end is connected to the connecting portion 34.

The connecting portion 34 has a driven wheel 34a, a driving wheel 34b, and an endless body 34c as main components. The driven wheel 34 a is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 32. The driving wheel 34b is attached to a rotating shaft of a motor 36 described later. The endless body 34c is wound around the driven wheel 34a and the driving wheel 34b. Any of a pulley, a timing pulley, and a sprocket wheel can be used for the driven wheel 34a and the driving wheel 34b. As the endless body 34c, any one of a power transmission belt, a timing belt, and a chain corresponding to both the driven wheel 34a and the driving wheel 34b can be used. According to such a configuration of the connecting portion 34, the power of the motor 36 can be transmitted to the rotating shaft 32.
The motor 36 is connected to the rotary shaft 32 via the connecting portion 34 and serves as a power source for rotating the rotary shaft 32. The motor 36 is mounted on the support base 21 a of the casing 20.

  The rotary impacting body 38 is a rigid body partly or entirely made of metal. As an example, the rotary impacting body 38 can be attached to the rotary shaft 32 via a pin. The rotary impacting body 38 can be attached to the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 32 in one step or in a plurality of upper and lower steps. In order to reduce the impact of the impacting body itself at the time of crushing, it is desirable that a part or all of the rotating impacting body 38 of this embodiment bend in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the rotary impacting body 38 can be configured such that a part or the whole of the impacting body 38 is flexible or can be flexibly connected. The rotary impacting body 38 is, for example, a chain, a chain in which an impact member made of a strip-shaped metal plate or metal block is connected to the tip, a flexible wire, a metal having a knife edge extending from the tip to both sides. An elongated blade or the like can be used. The length of the rotary impacting body 38 is set to a length that does not contact the casing 20 during rotation. In the crushing means 30 having such a configuration, when a chain is used as the rotary impacting body 38, the one that hangs down by its own weight before the rotation is floated horizontally by the rotation of the rotary shaft 32. The rotating impact body 38 that rotates at a high speed in the casing 20 can make water mist and crush the earth and sand. When the falling earth and sand is hit with the rotary impact body 38, the shearing action on the earth and sand is increased, and the earth and sand can be efficiently crushed to a predetermined maximum diameter.

Note that the casing 20 may have a configuration in which scraping means (not shown) for scraping earth and sand adhering to the inner wall is provided. Thereby, the earth and sand adhering in the casing 20 are scraped off, and the earth and sand can be pulverized uniformly.
The carry-in means 40 is mainly composed of a sediment carry-in conveyor 42, a base material supply unit 44, and an additive supply unit 46. The earth-and-sand carrying-in conveyor 42 is a conveyor that is disposed at the end above the earth-and-sand introduction port 22 of the casing 20 and can convey earth and sand from the starting end. The base material supply unit 44 includes a base material hopper 44a and a quantitative supply unit 44b. The earth and sand as the base material is temporarily stored in the base material hopper 44a. The fixed amount supply unit 44b is attached to the discharge port of the base material hopper 44a and can quantitatively supply the base material to the earth and sand carry-in conveyor 42. The additive supply unit 46 includes an additive hopper 46a and a quantitative supply unit 46b. Bentonite as an additive is temporarily stored in the additive hopper 46a. The fixed quantity supply part 46b is attached to the discharge port of the additive hopper 46a, and can supply bentonite quantitatively to the earth and sand carry-in conveyor 42. Moisture measuring means 60a and 60b, which will be described later, are attached to the respective quantitative supply units 44b and 46b. The additive of the present invention may be any material that improves the water-blocking performance and strength of the earth and sand used as a base material, and in addition to this, granular or powdered solids such as cement and lime-based solidified material are applied. Can do.

The hydration unit 50 includes a water supply pipe 52, a water supply pump 54, and a water supply tank 56. One end of the water supply pipe 52 is disposed on the upper surface of the casing 20 and is attached so that water can be supplied toward the rotary impacting body 38. The water supply pipe 52 is connected to a water supply tank 56 and a water supply pump 54. The water supply tank 56 is a tank that temporarily stores water. The water supply pump 54 is a pump that applies a predetermined pressure to water and pumps it. In addition, the hydration means 50 of this invention can be comprised so that an additive may be added to earth and sand besides water. The additive is an aqueous solution using a solute as an additive and water as a solvent. The moisture content when the additive is used refers to the moisture content of the additive.
The hydration unit 50 configured as described above supplies water or additive stored in the water supply tank 56 from the water supply pipe 52 toward the rotary impacting body 38 in the casing 20 by the water supply pump 54. Can do.

  The hydration unit 50 may be attached to the carry-in unit 40. The water adding means (not shown) of the carrying-in means is attached to the terminal side of the earth-and-sand carrying conveyor 42 and supplies water or additive onto the conveyor. The hydration means 50 having such a configuration can compensate for the lack of hydration due to the mist atmosphere in the casing 20.

  The moisture measuring means 60a and 60b are sensors capable of measuring the amount of moisture such as earth and sand, additives, and an infrared moisture meter or the like can be used as an example. The moisture measuring means 60a and 60b of this embodiment are attached to the quantitative supply parts 44b and 46b of the carry-in means 40.

The control means 70 is electrically connected to the hydration means 50 and the moisture measurement means 60a and 60b. In order to manufacture mixed soil, first, the type of base material / additive, the mixing ratio of the mixed soil (base material and / or additive), the weight of the base material, the weight of the additive, and the total weight of the mixed soil are determined. . The amount of water necessary for the set value of the water content ratio of the mixed soil can be obtained in advance from this total weight. In the control means 70, the moisture content of the base material and the moisture content of the additive can be obtained from the measurement values of the moisture measurement means 60a and 60b. The control means 70 obtains the moisture content of the earth and sand based on the measured moisture values of the earth and sand by the moisture measuring means 60a and 60b, and determines the moisture content of the mixed soil from the difference from the moisture content necessary for the set value of the moisture content ratio of the mixed soil. Calculate the amount of water required for the ratio setting. And the control means 70 is controlled so that the water of the calculated required water supply amount is supplied to the earth and sand from the water addition means 50, and it becomes the setting value of the water content ratio of mixed soil.
In addition, the earth and sand of this invention can apply a single item or a plurality of soils, a single item or a plurality of soils and additives, and other combinations. In addition to the combination of earth and sand, additive, and water shown in FIG. 1, the mixing of the present invention is a single item or a plurality of earth and sand, a single item or a plurality of earth and sand, and an additive, earth and sand, an additive, and an additive. It is a combination.

  The hydration method using the earth and sand hydration apparatus 10 of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described below.

  The earth and sand as a base material is quantitatively supplied from the base material hopper 44a of the carrying-in means 40 to the earth and sand carrying-in conveyor 42 by the quantitative supply unit 44b. The moisture measuring means 60 a attached to the fixed amount supply unit 44 b measures the moisture of the earth and sand, and the measured value is transmitted to the control means 70. Further, bentonite is quantitatively supplied from the additive hopper 46a to the sediment carrying-in conveyor 42 by the quantitative supply unit 46b. The water content of the bentonite is measured by the water content measuring means 60b attached to the fixed amount supply unit 46b, and the measured value is transmitted to the control means 70.

  The control means 70 calculates the difference between the moisture content necessary for the preset value of the moisture content of the mixed soil and the moisture content of the soil and bentonite obtained from the measured value, based on the measured moisture content of the sediment and bentonite. . Then, the water supply amount corresponding to the calculated difference is transmitted to the hydration unit 50.

  The hydration means 50 supplies water from the water supply pipe 52 toward the rotary impacting body 38 in the casing 20. Inside the casing 20, a rotating shaft 32 connected to a motor 36 serving as a power source rotates via a connecting portion 34. The plurality of rotary impacting bodies 38 attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 32 are suspended by their own weight before rotating, and are levitated horizontally as the rotating shaft 32 rotates. In the casing 20, the rotary impacting body 38 rotates at a high speed at a predetermined rotation ratio, and the supplied water is crushed and misted to form a mist atmosphere.

Sediment and bentonite continuously conveyed by the sediment transport conveyor 42 are supplied from the sediment introduction port 22 into the casing 20. While the earth and sand and bentonite fall in the casing 20 in a mist atmosphere, they are impacted by the rotary impacting body 38, pulverized, mixed and stirred, and hydrated to a predetermined moisture content.
The hydrated earth and sand falls onto the earth and sand discharge conveyor 48 from the earth and sand outlet 24 at the bottom of the casing 20 and is carried out to the outside. The earth and sand water adding device 10 according to the present embodiment can perform the process of adding water while crushing the earth and sand falling in the casing 20 in a short time. Moreover, such a hydration process of earth and sand can be performed continuously.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the dry density of soil and sand and the water content ratio. In the figure, the vertical axis represents the dry density (g / cm ³ ), and the horizontal axis represents the water content ratio (%). The circle plot shows the method for adding earth and sand according to the present invention, and the triangle plot shows the conventional method for adding earth and sand. As shown in the figure, according to the earth and sand hydration method of the present invention, for example, at a water content ratio of 10% to 30%, the dry density is higher than that of the conventional earth and sand hydration method. In general, when the dry density increases, the water permeability coefficient decreases and the water shielding performance increases. In the method for hydrating earth and sand according to the present invention, not only the surface of the earth and sand, but also the inside is sufficiently evenly hydrated, so that the dry density can be increased.

  According to the earth and sand hydration method of the present invention, the earth and sand can be mixed and hydrated at the same time, and the space of the apparatus can be saved. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of water and sand that adheres to the device or clumps, and it is possible to easily obtain mixed soil having a predetermined moisture content. Moreover, even when the additive is supplied from the hydrating means, the mixing of the earth and sand and the hydration can be performed simultaneously.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can construct a water shielding layer having a particularly high water shielding property, and is effective in fields such as containment of soil contamination, surface water shielding work at a general waste disposal site, and disposal of radioactive waste.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ......... Sediment water adding device, 20 ......... Case, 21 ......... Support stand, 21a ......... Support stand, 22 ......... Sediment introduction port, 24 ...... Sediment discharge port, 30 ......... Crushing Means 32... Rotating shaft 34... Connection part 34 a ...... Driven wheel 34 b …… Driving wheel 34 c …… Endless body 36 …… Motor 38 ...... Rotating impact body , 40 ......... Loading means, 42 ... ... Sediment carrying conveyor, 44 ... ... Base material supply section, 44a ... ... Base material hopper, 44b ... ... Fixed quantity supply section, 46 ... ... Additive supply section, 46a ......... Additive hopper, 46b ......... Quantitative supply section, 48 ......... Sediment discharge conveyor, 50 ......... Water supply means, 52 ......... Water supply piping, 54 ......... Water supply pump, 56 ......... Water supply tanks, 60a, 60b ... moisture measuring means, 70 ... control means.

Claims (4)

A step of supplying water or an additive to a rotary impacting body rotating in a vertical cylindrical casing that is separately supplied from the upper part and the water supply pipe of the hydration means and the earth and sand inlet are separated from each other and pulverized into a mist atmosphere; ,
Supplying earth and sand into the casing in the mist atmosphere, adding impact to the earth and sand while applying impact with the rotary impactor and pulverizing and stirring;
A method for adding earth and sand, comprising: A step of measuring moisture of the earth and sand before being supplied by a moisture measuring means provided in a quantitative supply unit of the casing carrying means ;
Based on the moisture measurement value of the earth and sand, the step of controlling the water supply amount of the water or additive that satisfies the difference in water amount necessary for the set value of the water content ratio of the mixed soil;
The method for adding earth and sand according to claim 1, comprising: A vertical cylindrical casing capable of mixing and agitating the impact by crushing the earth and sand supplied from the upper earth and sand introduction port with a rotary impacting body capable of rotating inside;
Hydration means capable of supplying water or additives from the upper part of the casing toward the rotary impacting body;
With
The water supply pipe of the water adding means and the earth and sand introduction port can be separately supplied separately from each other,
The earth and sand addition apparatus characterized in that the casing is hydrated while mixing and stirring the earth and sand by pulverizing the water or additive with the rotary impactor and making the inside of the casing a mist atmosphere. Moisture measuring means capable of measuring the moisture of the earth and sand before being provided and supplied to the quantitative supply section of the casing carry-in means ;
The water or additive is electrically connected to the hydration means and the moisture measurement means, and satisfies the difference between the moisture content necessary for the moisture content setting value of the mixed soil based on the moisture measurement value of the earth and sand. Control means capable of controlling the amount of water supply;
The earth and sand water adding device according to claim 3 characterized by things.

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