JP2017029915A - Crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing device which effectively prevents crushed objects including a viscous substance from adhering to a crusher and equipment facilities attached to the crusher.SOLUTION: A crushing device 10 includes crushing means 40 for crushing crushed objects 12 containing a viscous substance and comprises a rotary drum 34 which may rotate with the crushed objects 12 placed therein at a stage prior to the crushing means 40; and a supply part 32 capable of supplying a granular material 14 to the interior of the rotary drum 34. The crushing device 10 includes agitation means 30 which causes the granular material 14 to adhere to the viscous substance while agitating the crushed objects 12 and the granular material 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushed material, and more particularly to a crushing device for crushing material suitable for crushing rocks (such as limestone) containing viscous substances such as clay.

The method for producing crushed stone crushed sand obtained by crushing rocks mined from a quarry or mine is roughly classified into a wet type using water and a dry type not using water. Of these, the dry type has lower equipment costs and operation costs than the wet type, and is used in many crushed stone sites.
However, in the dry type, in addition to the need for equipment for preventing dust generated during pulverization, the problem is that fine particles containing clay during pulverization adhere to and grow on each part of the equipment. If it contains a large amount of clay, it will swell due to moisture and cause stickiness, which tends to stick. If crushed stone contains a lot of sticky clay or sludge, the adhesion to the equipment will grow early and the flow of crushed material will be hindered. Further, there is a problem that the fine particles reduce the compressive force of the crusher and the crushing efficiency is lowered. If the amount of adhesive substance that adheres to the hopper or crusher increases, the equipment in operation must be temporarily stopped and removed manually by the operator. During the removal work, there were problems such as stopping the equipment and increasing the burden on the worker in a poor working environment such as dust rising.

  In a general limestone quarrying site, before putting limestone into a crusher, a clay-shaped bar screen in which metal bars are arranged in parallel is passed through to screen the clay component adhering to and mixed with limestone. The maximum size of limestone put into the bar screen is, for example, about 600 to 700 mm, and the clay content adhering to it is defined as less than 5% (weight ratio). However, at the actual site, the amount of adhering clay varies depending on the conditions of the mines and the rainy weather. In particular, the clay content containing moisture cannot be sifted with a bar screen, but is put together with limestone into a crushed stone facility or a transport facility, so that it grows in a short time. In addition, depending on the quarry site, viscous materials include fine particles containing silt, sludge, and moisture in addition to clay.

  Conventionally, as a technique for preventing the rock clay from adhering to equipment during crushing, Patent Document 1 discloses that a part of clay, which is a viscous material to be charged, is crushed with a crusher, and crushed adhesive Granules are dried with a dryer. And the dry granular material is sprayed from the spraying means of the hopper into which a viscous substance is thrown in, and adhesion is prevented.

  Moreover, the processing method of patent document 2 uses the film formation agent which can carry out friction reduction of abrasion of the water | moisture content granule / mud which contacts a vessel wall with little chemical | medical agent usage.

  In addition, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4 are arranged at an angle at which a bagging body and a flexible sheet can be easily discharged inside a sludge hopper. And when it breaks or adheres and solidifies, the sheets are exchanged in a short time.

JP 2000-334291 A JP-A-2015-93977 JP 2002-276920 A JP 2001-31187 A

  However, according to the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, drying equipment and a heat source for drying are newly required. There is a problem that it is difficult to secure a general quarry site because there is no surplus heat source for drying. Moreover, although the granular material is sprayed on the sliding surface of a hopper, since there are many parts which do not contact a hopper when a crushed material is large, there is little contact with a granular material. Furthermore, when a large amount of crushed material is charged at once, the method of spraying a certain amount of dry grains from the top cannot be expected to have an anti-adhesive effect because the shaded portion that is sprinkled from above does not contact the viscous material. Moreover, it is technically difficult to sprinkle evenly from the top.

  Moreover, the film forming agent disclosed in Patent Document 2 is expensive and must be selected in consideration of environmental influences.

  In addition, according to the seats of Patent Documents 3 and 4, sheet cost and replacement costs are incurred. In addition, if the hopper is used with a large hopper such as a quarry, the sheet may be damaged in a short time and the working efficiency may be deteriorated.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the crushing apparatus which can prevent efficiently that the crushing material containing a viscous substance adheres to a crusher and an accompanying equipment facility.

  As a first means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a crushing apparatus equipped with a crushing means for crushing substances containing a viscous substance, wherein the crushing substance is introduced into the inside of the crushing means before the crushing means. A rotating drum that is rotatable, and a supply unit that is capable of supplying the granular material to the inside of the rotating drum, comprising stirring means for adhering the granular material to the viscous substance while stirring the crushed material and the granular material. An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing apparatus characterized by the above.

  As a second means for solving the above problems, in the first means, the crushing apparatus is characterized in that the granular material is one or more of fine sand and coal ash. It is in.

As a third means for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the first or second means, a measuring means capable of measuring the weight of the crushed material put into the rotating drum,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing apparatus comprising: a control unit capable of adjusting a supply amount of the granular material supplied from the supply unit based on a measurement value of the measurement unit.

According to the 1st means by the said structure, the dry granule adheres to the surface of the crushed material containing a viscous substance, the surface water | moisture content of a viscous substance is absorbed, viscosity falls, and the adhered granule is It becomes a slip layer. For this reason, it becomes easy to slide an apparatus equipment, without crushed material adhering, and it does not adhere to a contact surface with an apparatus equipment and grow.
In addition, by rolling the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum, the number of contacts and the contact area between the crushed material containing viscous soil and the granular material inside increases, and the crushed material is uniformly in contact with the crushed material. Is covered with granular materials, and can be effectively prevented from adhering to the equipment.

  According to the second means configured as described above, the fine sand or coal ash (fly ash) that becomes a granular material is a by-product generated from a crushed stone plant, a thermal power plant, etc., and can be easily obtained, and the raw material cost. Therefore, the pulverization cost can be reduced.

  According to the 3rd means by the said structure, based on the measured value of the weight of a crushed material, the supply amount of a granular material can be automatically supplied arbitrarily, reducing the work burden by a hand, and efficient crushing Work can be done.

It is a composition schematic diagram of the crushing device of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a bar screen, a stirring means, and a crushing means. It is a perspective view of the bar screen of the modification, the stirring means, and the crushing means.

  Embodiments of the crushing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Crushing device 10]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the crushing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a bar screen, stirring means, and crushing means. The crushing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a bar screen 20, a stirring means 30, and a crushing means 40 as main basic configurations.

  The bar screen 20 is a sieve formed by arranging a plurality of metal bars 22 in an insulator shape. The bar screen 20 is attached via a chute 24 to an inlet of a rotating drum 34 to be described later by inclining a contact surface (upper surface) with the crushed material 12 falling from above. In such a bar screen 20, among the crushed material 12 falling from above, crushed material having a particle size smaller than the gap between the metal bars 22 falls down and is separated, and is larger than the gap between the metal bars 22. A crushed material having a predetermined particle diameter is introduced through the chute 24 into the inlet of the rotating drum 34 while sliding downward on the metal bar 22.

The stirring means 30 has a supply unit 32 and a rotating drum 34 as main basic configurations.
The supply unit 32 is a container that temporarily stores the granular material 14. The lower part of the supply part 32 is formed in a funnel shape, and an open / close valve 33 capable of supplying a predetermined amount of granular material from a discharge port is attached. The discharge port of the supply unit 32 is attached to the inlet of the crushed material 12 of the rotating drum 34 to be described later, and a predetermined amount of the granular material 14 corresponding to the amount of crushed material can be supplied into the rotating drum 34.

The granular material 14 of the present invention is a dry fine particle, and more specifically, any one or more of fine sand and coal ash is used.
Fine sand (also referred to as dry sand) is sand having a fine particle content of about 200 mesh under generation in a crushed sand factory or the like. Since such fine sand is mainly a by-product of a crushed stone factory, it is good to apply in a crushed stone factory.

  The fly ash that becomes coal ash has a spherical particle diameter and a glass surface. For this reason, there is a bearing effect and it becomes easy to slip by mixing. Therefore, when used for ready-mixed concrete, the fluidity is improved and the workability at the time of placing the concrete is improved. Such coal ash is generally substituted because the components used are relatively close to clay used as a raw material for producing cement, and it is preferable to apply it in a cement factory.

  The rotating drum 34 is provided with rings 38 at both ends of a cylindrical drum body 36. Each ring 38 is supported by a pair of rollers 39, and is configured to be rotatable around the axis of the drum body 36 by a drive unit (not shown).

  In such a stirring means 30, when the crushed material 12 and the granular material 14 are introduced from the upper inlet, the granular material 14 adheres to the viscous material of the crushed material 12 by rotating around the axis of the drum body 36. Thus, the viscous material is absorbed by water and the viscosity is not lowered, and the viscous substance does not adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the drum body 36. And the granular material 14 adhering to the surface of the crushed material 12 becomes a slip layer, and it becomes easy to slide toward the discharge port below, and can be easily moved. The crushed material 12 and the granular material 14 are discharged from the discharge port below the drum main body 36 toward the hopper 42 of the subsequent crushing means 40.

  The crushing means 40 is a crusher that crushes the crushed material 12 into a predetermined size, and a jaw crusher can be applied as an example.

[Action]
Next, the operation of the crushing device having the above configuration will be described below.
Of the crushed material 12 falling from above the bar screen 20, crushed material having a particle size smaller than the gap between the metal bars 22 falls down and separated, and has a predetermined particle size larger than the gap between the metal bars 22. The crushed material 12 is introduced into the inlet of the rotating drum 34 through the chute 24 while sliding downward on the metal bar 22.
Further, a predetermined amount of the granular material 14 corresponding to the amount of the crushed material 12 is supplied from the supply unit 32 of the stirring means 30 to the inside of the rotary drum 34.

When the crushed material 12 and the granular material 14 are introduced from the introduction port above the stirring means 30, the drum body 36 rotates around its axis so that the viscous material of the crushed material 12 rolls along the inner peripheral surface. The body 14 adheres, the viscous substance is absorbed by water, the viscosity is lowered, and it does not adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the drum body 36. And the granular material 14 adhering to the surface of the crushed material 12 becomes a slip layer, and it becomes easy to slide toward the downward discharge port. The crushed material 12 and the granular material 14 are discharged from the discharge port below the drum main body 36 toward the hopper 42 of the subsequent crushing means 40.
The crushed material introduced into the crushing means 40 is crushed to a predetermined size without adhering to the hopper 42.

  According to such a crushing apparatus of the present invention, the dried granular material adheres to the surface of the viscous material of the crushed material, the surface moisture of the viscous material is absorbed, the viscosity decreases, and the adhered granular material slips. It becomes a layer and does not grow on the contact surface with the equipment.

  In addition, the number of contacts and the contact area between the crushed material containing viscous substances and the granular material inside the rotating drum increases, and the crushed material is uniformly in contact with the crushed material, and the surface of the crushed material is covered with the granular material. Adhesion to equipment can be efficiently prevented.

[Modification]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bar screen, agitation means, and crushing means of a modification. As shown in the figure, the crushing apparatus 10A according to the modification includes a measuring means 50 and a control means 60 in addition to the bar screen 20, the stirring means 30, and the crushing means 40 shown in FIG.

  The measuring means 50 is attached to the lower surface of the roller 39 that supports the drum body 36 of the rotary drum 34. In other words, the roller 39 is attached on the measuring means 50. The measuring means 50 is a sensor which can apply a load cell etc. as an example and measures a weight. The measuring means 50 having such a configuration can measure the weight of the crushed material 12 put into the drum body 36.

  The control means 60 is electrically connected to the opening / closing valve 33 and the measurement means 50 via a wired or wireless connection. The control means 60 is configured to be able to input a measurement value from the measurement means 50 and to transmit a control signal for the opening degree of the valve to the open / close valve 33. The control unit 60 adjusts the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 33 of the supply unit 32 based on the weight of the crushed material 12 measured by the measurement unit 50, and controls the supply amount of the granular material 14 supplied to the rotary drum 34. Can be adjusted. In addition, the supply amount of the granular material 14 can be set to several to several tens percent of the weight of the crushed material 12 as an example according to the content of the viscous substance contained in the crushed material 12 for each site.

  The crushing apparatus 10 </ b> A having such a configuration automatically adjusts the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 33 of the supply unit 32 based on the weight of the crushed material 12 measured by the measuring unit 50, and is supplied to the rotary drum 34. The supply amount of the body 14 can be adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to automatically supply the supply amount of the granular material 14 based on the measured value of the weight of the crushed material 12, reducing the work burden by manpower, and the crushed material containing the viscous material adheres to the equipment. It is possible to perform an efficient crushing operation without doing so.

  The crushing apparatus of the present invention can be industrially used in crushing fields such as quarries and mines that crush crushed material containing viscous substances.

10, 10A ......... crushing device, 12 ... ... crushed material, 14 ... ... granule, 20 ... ... bar screen, 22 ... ... metal bar, 24 ... ... chute, 30 ... ... stirring means 32 ......... Supply unit 33 ......... Opening and closing valve 34 ......... Rotating drum 36 ......... Drum body 38 ......... Ring 39 ......... Roller 40 ......... Fracturing means 42 ... ... Hopper, 50 ......... Measuring means, 60 ...... Control means.

Claims (3)

In a crushing apparatus equipped with a crushing means for crushing materials containing viscous substances,
In the previous stage of the crushing means, the rotary drum comprises a rotating drum that can be rotated with the crushed material inside and a supply unit that can supply the granular material to the inside of the rotating drum, and the crushed material and the granular material are agitated. A crushing device comprising stirring means for adhering the granular material to the viscous substance.   The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the granular material is one or more of fine sand and coal ash. Measuring means capable of measuring the weight of the crushed material charged into the rotating drum;
Control means capable of adjusting the supply amount of the granular material supplied from the supply unit based on the measurement value of the measurement means;
The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device is provided.

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