JP6378722B2 - 金属表面改変法 - Google Patents
金属表面改変法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6378722B2 JP6378722B2 JP2016160270A JP2016160270A JP6378722B2 JP 6378722 B2 JP6378722 B2 JP 6378722B2 JP 2016160270 A JP2016160270 A JP 2016160270A JP 2016160270 A JP2016160270 A JP 2016160270A JP 6378722 B2 JP6378722 B2 JP 6378722B2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 title 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 156
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 27
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 but not limited to Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000943 NiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WHRVRSCEWKLAHX-LQDWTQKMSA-N benzylpenicillin procaine Chemical compound [H+].CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1.N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WHRVRSCEWKLAHX-LQDWTQKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000907 nickel aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001314 profilometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/06—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using gases
- C23C10/08—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using gases only one element being diffused
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/60—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/44—Compositions for etching metallic material from a metallic material substrate of different composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/202—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by film cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Description
[実施態様1]
物品(100)の表面(204)を改変するための方法であって、
基材(101)の表面(204)にニッケル富化領域(202)を配置するステップであって、基材(101)が、配置ステップ前の初期組成を有し、表面(204)が、初期粗さを有し、ニッケル富化領域(202)が、基材(101)の初期組成よりも高いニッケル濃度を有するステップと、
基材(101)を加熱処理して、基材(101)内に拡散帯を形成するステップと、
ニッケル富化領域(202)の少なくとも一部をアルミニウムで富化して、アルミナイズ処理領域を形成するステップと、
アルミナイズ処理領域の少なくとも一部を除去して、基材(101)の処理表面を形成するステップとを含んでいて、除去ステップ後の処理表面が初期粗さ未満の処理表面粗さを有する、方法。
[実施態様2]
除去が、化学的又は電気化学的に材料を除去することを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様3]
処理表面粗さが、初期表面粗さの約95%未満である、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様4]
表面(204)が、配置ステップの前に、約200マイクロインチ以上の算術平均粗さ(Ra)を有する、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様5]
配置が、約50μm以上の厚さを有するニッケル富化領域(202)を配置することを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様6]
配置が、化学蒸着法、物理蒸着法、スラリーに基づく堆積法、無電解めっき法、電気めっき法又はこれらの1以上を含む組合せを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様7]
基材(101)が、コバルト、ニッケル、鉄又はこれらの1種以上を含む組合せを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様8]
基材(101)の初期組成が、50重量%以上のコバルトを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様9]
基材(101)の初期組成が、コバルト及びクロムを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様10]
基材(101)が、積層造形材料を含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様11]
表面(204)が、基材(101)の内部表面(110)である、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様12]
熱処理が、約100℃以上の温度で実施される、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様13]
物品(100)を静水圧プレスすることを更に含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様14]
富化が、気相アルミナイズ、スラリーアルミナイズ又はこれらの1以上を含む組合せを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様15]
配置ステップ、熱処理ステップ、富化ステップ、及び除去ステップとを含むステップシーケンスを1回以上繰り返すことを更に含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様16]
初期組成が、最大25重量%のニッケルを含む、実施態様1に記載の方法。
[実施態様17]
表面(204)の粗さを低減するための方法であって、
基材(101)の表面(204)にニッケル富化領域(202)を配置し、ニッケル富化領域(202)が、基材(101)の初期組成よりも高いニッケル濃度を有し、表面(204)が初期表面粗さを有し、初期表面粗さが、約200マイクロインチ以上の算術平均粗さ(Ra)であること、
基材(101)を加熱処理して、基材(101)内に拡散帯を形成するステップと、
ニッケル富化領域(202)の少なくとも一部をアルミニウムで富化して、アルミナイズ処理領域を形成するステップと、
アルミナイズ処理領域の少なくとも一部を除去して、基材(101)の処理表面を形成するステップとを含み、除去ステップの後、表面(204)が、初期粗さ未満の処理表面粗さを有する方法。
[実施態様18]
基材(101)の初期組成が、50重量%以上のコバルトを含む、実施態様15に記載の方法。
[実施態様19]
配置ステップ、熱処理ステップ、富化ステップ、及び除去ステップとを含むステップシーケンスを1回以上繰り返すことを更に含む、実施態様15に記載の方法。
[実施態様20]
基材(101)の処理表面が、初期表面粗さの約95%未満の処理表面粗さを有する、請求項15に記載の方法。
101 基材
102 外部表面
104 外部表面
106 外部表面
108 外部表面
110 チャネル壁、内部表面
112 内部チャネル
202 ニッケル富化領域、ニッケル増強領域
204 表面
206 未反応バルク部分
t 厚さ
Claims (15)
- 金属物品(100)の表面(204)を改変するための方法であって、
金属基材(101)の表面(204)にニッケル富化領域(202)を配置するステップであって、金属基材(101)が、配置ステップ前の50重量%以上のコバルトを含む初期組成を有し、表面(204)が、初期粗さを有し、ニッケル富化領域(202)が、金属基材(101)の初期組成よりも高いニッケル濃度を有するステップと、
ニッケル富化領域(202)が配置された金属基材(101)に第1の加熱処理を適用して、金属基材(101)内にニッケルの拡散帯を形成するステップと、
第1の加熱処理されたニッケル富化領域(202)の少なくとも一部をアルミニウムで富化して、アルミナイズ処理領域を形成するステップと、
アルミナイズ処理領域の少なくとも一部を除去して、金属基材(101)の処理表面を形成するステップと
を含んでいて、除去ステップ後の処理表面が初期粗さ未満の処理表面粗さを有する、方法。 - 除去が化学的又は電気化学的に材料を除去することを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 金属物品(100)が、タービンのローターブレードまたはステータベーンであり、
処理表面粗さが初期粗さの95%未満である、請求項1または2に記載の方法。 - 表面(204)が、配置ステップの前に、200マイクロインチ(5.1μm)以上の算術平均粗さ(Ra)を有する、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 配置が、50μm以上の厚さを有するニッケル富化領域(202)を配置することを含む、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 配置が、化学蒸着法、物理蒸着法、スラリーに基づく堆積法、無電解めっき法、電気めっき法又はこれらの1以上を含む組合せを含む、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 金属基材(101)が、コバルト、ニッケル、鉄又はこれらの1種以上を含む組合せを含む、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- アルミナイズ処理領域が形成された金属基材(101)に第2の加熱処理を適用して、金属基材(101)内にアルミニウムを拡散させるステップを含む、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 積層造形ステップにより積層造形材料を含む金属基材(101)を形成するステップを含み、
積層造形ステップが、金属粉末を融解、硬化又は焼結するステップを含む、請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 表面(204)が金属基材(101)の内部表面(110)であり、
内部表面(110)が冷却エア又は冷却材を含む流体の流れを容易にするための内部チャネル(112)を形成する、請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 第1の加熱処理が約1000℃以上の温度で実施される、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 金属物品(100)を静水圧プレスすることを更に含む、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- アルミニウムでの富化が、気相アルミナイズ、スラリーアルミナイズ又はこれらの1以上を含む組合せを含む、請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 配置ステップ、第1の加熱処理ステップ、富化ステップ、及び除去ステップとを含むステップシーケンスを1回以上繰り返すことを更に含む、請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 初期組成が、25重量%以下のニッケルを含む、請求項1乃至14のいずれかに記載の方法。
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