CN104479428A - 组合物和构件 - Google Patents

组合物和构件 Download PDF

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CN104479428A
CN104479428A CN201410322895.0A CN201410322895A CN104479428A CN 104479428 A CN104479428 A CN 104479428A CN 201410322895 A CN201410322895 A CN 201410322895A CN 104479428 A CN104479428 A CN 104479428A
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K·奥纳尔
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General Electric Co
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    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
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Abstract

提供一种作为粘结涂层有用的组合物。组合物包含大约3％至大约7％的铬、大约10％至大约30％的镍、大约12％至大约18％的铝、大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇、大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂、余量的钴，以及附带的杂质。还提供一种构件，该构件包括具有施加于其的至少一层组合物的基底。

Description

组合物和构件
技术领域
本发明涉及组合物和具有粘结涂层的构件。更具体地，本发明涉及低铬粘结涂层。
背景技术
燃气涡轮内的运行环境是热有害且化学有害的。例如，燃气涡轮内的运行温度可在从大约1200°F至高于2500°F(大约650℃至高于1370℃)的范围内。此类高温使得具有高抗氧化性的特种合金的使用成为必要。因此，燃气涡轮热气路构件典型地由镍基或钴基超合金制成。
通过使用能够保护底层合金免受通过氧化、热腐蚀等被降解的涂层，在热气路构件的高温能力方面，已经实现了显著进步。例如，典型地在涡轮构件上使用热障涂层(TBC)系统，以在运行期间保护构件免受高温。TBC系统由沉积在抗氧化金属粘结涂层上的隔热陶瓷表涂层构成，该抗氧化金属粘结涂层进而施加于金属基底，形成构件。
MCrAlY粘结涂层在现有技术中广为人知。它们是一类高温涂层，其中M选自铁、镍和钴的一种或者它们的组合。常规的MCrAlY粘结涂层典型地包含按重量计大约10％至大约35％的铬(Cr)。铬在中等高温下提供了卓越的抗热腐蚀性和极好的抗氧化性。大约1600°F(871℃)及以上，铬通过形成不稳定的Cr氧化物而逐渐开始部分地失去其有效性。粘结涂层中Cr的高浓度还导致在金属涂层和基底之间的更显眼的相互扩散，以在扩散对中建立化学平衡。在现代热气路运行环境下，Cr的高浓度不是必需的。
粘结涂层和具有带低铬的粘结涂层的涡轮构件将在现有技术中为合乎需要的。
发明内容
在示例性实施例中，提供了一种用于粘结涂层的组合物。组合物包含按重量计大约3％至大约7％的铬、大约10％至大约30％的镍、大约12％至大约18％的铝、大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇、大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂、余量的钴，以及附带的杂质。
在另一个示例性实施例中，提供了一种构件。构件包括基底和施加于基底的至少一层粘结涂层。粘结涂层包含按重量计大约3％至大约7％的铬、大约10％至大约30％的镍、大约12％至大约18％的铝、大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇、大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂、余量的钴，以及附带的杂质。
一种组合物，包括按重量计：大约3％至大约7％的铬；大约10％至大约30％的镍；大约12％至大约18％的铝；大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇；大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂；余量的钴；以及附带的杂质。
强化剂选自钨、钼、钽、碳、钛、铪、铌、硼、锆，以及它们的组合。
铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.5％至大约6.9％。
铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.9％至大约6.5％。
镍的浓度按重量计为大约15％至大约25％。
镍的浓度按重量计为大约18％至大约23％。
铝的浓度按重量计为大约12％至大约16％。
铝的浓度按重量计为大约13％至大约15％。
钇的浓度按重量计为大约0.001％至大约0.12％。
强化剂的浓度按重量计为高达13％。
强化剂的浓度按重量计为高达10％。
钴的浓度按重量计为大约45％至大约70％。
组合物为粘结涂层。
一种构件，包括：基底；施加于基底的至少一层粘结涂层，粘结涂层包括按重量计：大约3％至大约7％的铬；大约10％至大约30％的镍；大约12％至大约18％的铝；大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇；大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂；余量的钴；以及附带的杂质。
构件进一步包括沉积在至少一层粘结涂层上的热障涂层。
基底包括铁基超合金、镍基超合金、钴基超合金，或它们的组合。
铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.5％至大约6.9％。
铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.9％至大约6.5％。
构件为涡轮构件。
本发明的其它特征和优点将从优选实施例的以下更详细的描述为显而易见的，该优选实施例经由实例示出了本发明的原理。
具体实施例
提供了作为粘结涂层有用的组合物以及包括基底的构件，该基底具有施加于其的至少一层粘结涂层。本公开的实施例在粘结涂层中提供了按重量计大约3％至大约7％的降低的铬(Cr)。本公开的实施例的一个优点在于：将粘结涂层中的Cr水平降低至基底合金Cr水平(例如，N500，R108)将消除或最小化在粘结涂层和基底之间的铬相互扩散。本公开的实施例的另一个优点在于：粘结涂层中的低水平Cr添加将通过吸除效应增强外部氧化铝形成。本公开的实施例的又一个优点在于：移除粘结涂层中的过量的Cr将实现将更多铝添加于粘结涂层。实施例的另一个优点包括：控制粘结涂层中的铬浓度允许进一步合金化机会，以优化用于改进的涡轮效率的系统能力。本公开的实施例的另一个优点在于：低水平的铬还将使粘结涂层能够以强化元素(诸如钨、钼、钽、碳、钛、铪、铌、硼、锆以及它们的组合)加强。本公开的实施例的又一个优点在于：具有改进强度和抗氧化性的粘结涂层。本公开的实施例的另一个优点在于：具有较高温度能力和更好抗热机械疲劳性以减轻粘结涂层开裂的低成本粘结涂层。
将在下面描述本发明的一个或更多个特定实施例。为了提供这些实施例的简明描述，可不在说明书中描述实际实施的所有特征。应当理解，在任何此类实际实施的开发中，如在任何工程或设计项目中，必须作出许多特定实施决定以实现开发者的特定目的，诸如符合系统相关且商业相关的约束，这可从一个实施变化到另一个实施。此外，应当理解，此类开发努力可为复杂且耗时的，但是对于受益于本公开的技术人员而言，仍将是设计、制作和制造的日常工作。
当介绍本发明的各种实施例的元件时，冠词“一”、“一个”、“该”和“所述”意图表示存在元件中的一个或更多个。用语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”意图是包含的，并且表示可存在除了列出的元件之外的附加元件。
文中所用的用语“粘结涂层”为在涂层(例如热障涂层(TBC))的沉积之前沉积在基底上的金属层。
文中所用的还简写为“TBC”的用语“热障涂层”指的是能够降低至物品的底层金属基底的热流(即，形成热障)的陶瓷涂层。
用于描述在基底或其它层上形成层的用语“沉积”、“正沉积”、“被沉积”、“施加”、“被施加”、“被沉积”、“沉积在...上”等表示涂层位于基底或其它层上并且与基底或其它层至少部分地接触。
示例性的组合物包括钴、镍、铝、铬、钇、强化剂，以及附带的杂质。
在一个实施例中，作为粘结涂层有用的组合物沉积在涡轮构件(诸如涡轮喷嘴、涡轮叶片、涡轮动叶、涡轮燕尾件，和/或任何其它合适的构件)的全部或一部分上。
在一个实施例中，镍的浓度按重量计为大约10％至大约30％之间。在另外的实施例中，镍的浓度按重量计为大约15％至大约25％之间，或者可选地在大约18％至大约23％之间、大约18％、大约19％、大约20％、大约21％、大约22％、大约23％，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。
在一个实施例中，铝的浓度按重量计为大约12％至大约16％之间。在另外的实施例中，铝的浓度按重量计为大约13％至大约15％之间、大约13％、大约14％、大约15％，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。
在一个实施例中，铬的浓度按重量计为大约3％至大约7％之间。在另外的实施例中，铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.5％至大约6.9％之间，或者可选地在大约3.9％至大约6.5％之间、大约4％、大约5％、大约6％，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。
在一个实施例中，钇的浓度按重量计为大约0.0005％至大约0.15％之间。在另外的实施例中，钇的浓度按重量计为大约0.001％至大约0.12％之间，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。
在一个实施例中，强化剂的浓度按重量计为大约0.0％至大约16％之间。在另外的实施例中，强化剂的浓度按重量计为高达大约13％、高达大约10％，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。在一个实施例中，强化剂选自钨、钼、钽、碳、钛、铪、铌、硼、锆，以及它们的组合。
在一个实施例中，粘结涂层包括余量的钴。在另外的实施例中，钴的浓度按重量计为大约45％至大约70％之间，或者它们的任何合适的组合、子组合、范围，或子范围。在一个实施例中，强化剂选自钨、钼、钽、碳、钛、铪、铌、硼、锆，以及它们的组合。
如图1所示，提供了构件100。构件可包含涡轮构件，诸如但不限于涡轮铸件、动叶或叶片，以及导叶。如图2所示，涡轮构件100的基底200包含施加于基底200的至少一层粘结涂层210。基底200包括铁基超合金、镍基超合金、钴基超合金，或它们的组合。粘结涂层210可任选地包含施加于其的至少一个热障涂层212。粘结涂层210包括按重量计大约3％至大约7％的铬、大约10％至大约30％的镍、大约12％至大约18％的铝、大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇、大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂；余量的钴以及附带的杂质。
尽管已经参照优选实施例描述了本发明，但本领域技术人员将理解，可作出各种变化，并且等同方案可替代其元件，而不背离本发明的范围。此外，可作出许多修改，以使特定情形或材料适合于本发明的教导，而不背离其基本范围。因此，意图是本发明不限于公开为设想用于执行本发明的最佳模式的特定实施例，而是本发明将包括落入所附权利要求的范围内的所有实施例。

Claims (10)

1.一种组合物，包括按重量计，
大约3％至大约7％之间的铬；
大约10％至大约30％的镍；
大约12％至大约18％的铝；
大约0.0005％至大约0.15％的钇；
大约0.0％至大约16％的强化剂；
余量的钴；以及附带的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，强化剂选自钨、钼、钽、碳、钛、铪、铌、硼、锆，以及它们的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.5％至大约6.9％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，铬的浓度按重量计为大约3.9％至大约6.5％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，镍的浓度按重量计为大约15％至大约25％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，镍的浓度按重量计为大约18％至大约23％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，铝的浓度按重量计为大约12％至大约16％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，铝的浓度按重量计为大约13％至大约15％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，钇的浓度按重量计为大约0.001％至大约0.12％。
10.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，强化剂的浓度按重量计为高达13％。
CN201410322895.0A 2013-06-11 2014-06-11 组合物和构件 Pending CN104479428A (zh)

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