JP6371364B2 - Non-contact power supply device - Google Patents

Non-contact power supply device Download PDF

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JP6371364B2
JP6371364B2 JP2016234184A JP2016234184A JP6371364B2 JP 6371364 B2 JP6371364 B2 JP 6371364B2 JP 2016234184 A JP2016234184 A JP 2016234184A JP 2016234184 A JP2016234184 A JP 2016234184A JP 6371364 B2 JP6371364 B2 JP 6371364B2
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JP2017042045A (en
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片岡　義範
義範 片岡
悠 本田
悠 本田
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Heads Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、例えば移動自動車の負荷（例えば、バッテリ、電球、機械装置の電源等）に非接触で電力を供給する非接触電力供給装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a non-contact power supply device that supplies power to a load of a mobile vehicle (for example, a battery, a light bulb, a power source of a mechanical device, etc.) in a non-contact manner.

例えば、工場等で電池で動く車両は、定期的に電池を充電する必要があり、所定の場所に配置された充電器の近くに車両を止めて、接続コードを用いて車両の電池と充電器を接続し、電池への充電が行われていた。ところが、接続コードを用いて電池へ充電する場合、接続コードを電力供給源に接続する等、極めて手間であるので、例えば、特許文献１〜３に示すように、車両に非接触で電力を供給することが行われている。この特許文献１〜３においては、高周波電源に接続された一次コイルと、負荷に接続される二次コイルを有し、一次コイル側又は二次コイル側にＬ（リアクトル）とＣ（キャパシティ）からなる共振回路が設けられている。 For example, a vehicle powered by a battery in a factory or the like needs to be charged regularly. The vehicle is stopped near a charger placed in a predetermined place, and the vehicle battery and charger are connected using a connection cord. And the battery was being charged. However, when charging a battery using a connection cord, it is extremely troublesome to connect the connection cord to a power supply source. For example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, power is supplied to the vehicle without contact. To be done. In Patent Documents 1 to 3, a primary coil connected to a high-frequency power source and a secondary coil connected to a load are provided, and L (reactor) and C (capacity) are provided on the primary coil side or the secondary coil side. A resonant circuit is provided.

特開２００５−９４８６２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-94862 特開２００６−３２５３５０号公報JP 2006-325350 A ＷＯ２００６／０２２３６５号公報WO2006 / 022365 特開昭６３−７３８３７号公報JP-A-63-73837

テスラコイル−Ｗｉｋｉｐｅｄｉａ、（平成２１年５月２０日検索）、インターネット＜URL ：http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ テスラコイル＞Tesla Coil-Wikipedia (searched on May 20, 2009), Internet <URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Teslacoil>

しかしながら、特許文献１〜３に記載のように、一次コイル側又は二次コイル側に共振回路を組み込むと、大きな負荷電流を得にくいという問題が発生した。この理由については、明確ではないが、回路に負荷が接続されているので、回路のキュー（Ｑ）が下がると推定される。
特許文献４の図７には、可飽和鉄心を用い、負荷を接続する二次コイルの他に、共振用のコンデンサ（キャパシター）を負荷とする共振コイルを設けた電力供給装置が提案され、このキャパシター回路と二次コイルは電気的に絶縁状態であることが記載されている。しかしながら、このように構成しても、一次コイルと二次コイルの隙間が大きくなると、受電効率が極端に落ちて実用化にはならないという問題がある。 However, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, when a resonance circuit is incorporated on the primary coil side or the secondary coil side, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a large load current. Although the reason for this is not clear, it is estimated that the cue (Q) of the circuit is lowered because a load is connected to the circuit.
In FIG. 7 of Patent Document 4, a power supply device is proposed in which a saturable iron core is used and a resonance coil having a capacitor for resonance (capacitor) as a load is provided in addition to a secondary coil connecting a load. It is described that the capacitor circuit and the secondary coil are electrically insulated. However, even with this configuration, when the gap between the primary coil and the secondary coil becomes large, there is a problem that the power reception efficiency is extremely lowered and cannot be put into practical use.

一方、非特許文献１には、二次コイルの共振を利用する共振変圧器を用いたテスラコイルが提案され、二次側の系が共振状態にある場合には、一次回路側の誘導性インピーダンスが激減し一次コイルの発生する磁界が二次コイルに引き込まれて一次、二次間に非常に強い結合が得られることが記載されている。
しかしながら、これらの装置においては、一次コイルと二次コイルの間隔を離すと、二次コイルに大きな電流は発生しないという問題がある。 On the other hand, Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a Tesla coil using a resonant transformer that uses the resonance of a secondary coil. When the secondary system is in a resonant state, the inductive impedance on the primary circuit side is It is described that a very strong coupling is obtained between the primary and secondary by drastically reducing the magnetic field generated by the primary coil into the secondary coil.
However, in these apparatuses, there is a problem that a large current is not generated in the secondary coil when the distance between the primary coil and the secondary coil is increased.

本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、給電部と受電部の距離を離しても、電力の供給が十分に行える非接触電力供給装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power supply device that can sufficiently supply power even when the power supply unit and the power reception unit are separated from each other.

前記目的に沿う本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置は、側壁、床部又は天井部に取付けられた給電部と、自動車又は搬送台車に取付けられた受電部とを有する非接触電力供給装置において、
前記給電部は平面状に螺旋巻きした一次コイルを有し、該一次コイルは高周波電源が接続され、前記一次コイルの前側に共振用の第１のコンデンサが接続された一次側共振コイルが配置され、前記受電部は、磁性材料フェライトを用いたＥ形コアと、該Ｅ形コアの中央磁極部の奥側に巻かれた二次コイルと、前記中央磁極部の手前側に巻かれた二次側共振コイルと、該二次側共振コイルに直列に接続された共振用の第２のコンデンサとを有し、
前記一次コイルの背部には、縦横が前記Ｅ形コアの縦寸法及び横寸法より大きくなって、前記一次コイルを底から覆う、磁性材料フェライトを用いた矩形状の磁気シールド板が設けられていると共に、前記一次コイルの軸心にコアを設けて有心コアとし、前記高周波電源の周波数は２０〜１００ｋＨｚの範囲にあって、前記高周波電源の周波数をｐとした場合、前記二次側共振コイルと前記第２のコンデンサによって形成される二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、０．９７ｐ〜１．０３ｐの範囲にあることを特徴とする非接触電力供給装置。 A non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention that meets the above-described object is a non-contact power supply apparatus that includes a power feeding unit attached to a side wall, a floor part, or a ceiling part, and a power receiving part attached to an automobile or a carriage.
The power feeding unit has a primary coil spirally wound in a planar shape, the primary coil is connected to a high frequency power source, and a primary side resonance coil having a resonance first capacitor connected to the front side of the primary coil is disposed. The power receiving section includes an E-shaped core using magnetic material ferrite, a secondary coil wound on the back side of the central magnetic pole part of the E-shaped core, and a secondary coil wound on the front side of the central magnetic pole part. A side resonance coil and a second capacitor for resonance connected in series to the secondary side resonance coil,
A rectangular magnetic shield plate using magnetic material ferrite is provided on the back portion of the primary coil so that the vertical and horizontal dimensions are larger than the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the E-shaped core and covers the primary coil from the bottom. In addition, when a core is provided in the axial center of the primary coil to form a core, the frequency of the high-frequency power source is in a range of 20 to 100 kHz, and the frequency of the high-frequency power source is p, A non-contact power supply apparatus, wherein a resonance frequency of a secondary side resonance circuit formed by the second capacitor is in a range of 0.97p to 1.03p.

本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置は、受電部に、二次コイルに磁気結合し、共振用の第２のコンデンサが接続された二次側共振コイルを設けているので、二次コイル側（即ち、二次側）に共振回路を構成でき、二次コイルを通過する磁束の量も格段に増加させることができる。 In the non-contact power supply device according to the present invention, the power receiving unit is provided with a secondary resonance coil that is magnetically coupled to the secondary coil and connected to the second capacitor for resonance. That is, a resonance circuit can be configured on the secondary side), and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the secondary coil can be significantly increased.

特に、本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置において、一次コイルと一次側共振コイルとが独立して巻回され、二次コイルと二次側共振コイルとが独立して巻回された場合には、一次側及び二次側共振コイルの電流による発熱の影響を受けない。更には、一次コイルと一次側共振コイルの間隔及び二次コイルと二次側共振コイルとの間隔も調整できる。 In particular, in the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention, when the primary coil and the primary side resonance coil are wound independently, and the secondary coil and the secondary side resonance coil are wound independently. It is not affected by the heat generated by the current of the primary side and secondary side resonance coils. Furthermore, the distance between the primary coil and the primary side resonance coil and the distance between the secondary coil and the secondary side resonance coil can be adjusted.

本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置において、給電部に、一次コイルの前側に一次側共振コイルが配置され、受電部に、二次コイルの前側に二次側共振コイルが配置され、電力供給状態では、一次コイル、一次側共振コイル、二次側共振コイル、二次コイルの順にそれぞれが配置した場合には、一次コイル及び二次コイルの発熱が減少する。 In the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention, the power supply unit includes a primary side resonance coil disposed on the front side of the primary coil, and the power reception unit includes a secondary side resonance coil disposed on the front side of the secondary coil. In the case where the primary coil, the primary side resonance coil, the secondary side resonance coil, and the secondary coil are arranged in this order, the heat generation of the primary coil and the secondary coil is reduced.

この理由は、一次側共振コイルと二次側共振コイルとの間に大量の磁束が生じ、その間に一次コイルや二次コイルがあると加熱されるが、一次側共振コイルと二次側共振コイルの外側にこれらのコイルがある場合は、通過する磁束が少ないので、一次コイル及び二次コイルの加熱が減少するものと解される。 This is because a large amount of magnetic flux is generated between the primary side resonance coil and the secondary side resonance coil, and if there is a primary coil or a secondary coil between them, the primary side resonance coil and the secondary side resonance coil are heated. It is understood that when these coils are on the outside, the heating of the primary coil and the secondary coil is reduced because less magnetic flux passes.

そして、本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置において、一次側共振コイルと第１のコンデンサで形成される一次側共振回路の共振周波数は、高周波電源の発振周波数に対して±３〜２０％の範囲で相違し、二次側共振コイルと第２のコンデンサで形成される二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、高周波電源の発振周波数に対して±３％以内の誤差の範囲で同一であるようにした場合には、一次側共振コイルに流れる電流を制御できるので、一次側共振コイルからの発熱が減少する。そして、二次側共振コイルは一次コイルから発生する磁束を効率よく集めることができる。 In the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention, the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit formed by the primary side resonance coil and the first capacitor is in a range of ± 3 to 20% with respect to the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power source. The resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit formed by the secondary side resonance coil and the second capacitor is the same within an error range of ± 3% relative to the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power supply. In this case, since the current flowing through the primary side resonance coil can be controlled, heat generation from the primary side resonance coil is reduced. The secondary resonance coil can efficiently collect magnetic flux generated from the primary coil.

本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置は、一次コイルの背部にはフェライトからなる磁気シールド板が配置されているので、漏洩磁束を少なくして余分な箇所の加熱を防止し、送電効率を高めることができる。 In the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention, since the magnetic shield plate made of ferrite is disposed on the back of the primary coil, the leakage magnetic flux is reduced to prevent heating of extra portions and increase power transmission efficiency. Can do.

本発明の第１の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置の概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. 同非接触電力供給装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus. 同非接触電力供給装置に使用する給電部及び受電部の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the electric power feeding part and power receiving part which are used for the non-contact electric power supply apparatus. 同非接触電力供給装置の受電部の平面図である。It is a top view of the electric power receiving part of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus. 本発明の非接触電力供給装置の動作を説明するためのグラフである。It is a graph for demonstrating operation | movement of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus of this invention. 本発明の第２の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置の概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Example of this invention. （Ａ）、（Ｂ）は同非接触電力供給装置の給電部の正面図及び断面図である。(A), (B) is the front view and sectional drawing of the electric power feeding part of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus. （Ａ）、（Ｂ）は同非接触電力供給装置の受電部の正面図及び断面図である。(A), (B) is the front view and sectional drawing of a power receiving part of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus. 本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置の作用効果を確認するために行った実験に使った装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the apparatus used for the experiment conducted in order to confirm the effect of the non-contact electric power supply apparatus which concerns on this invention. 高周波電源の発振周波数と出力の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the oscillation frequency and output of a high frequency power supply. 給電部と受電部の間の距離と出力電圧の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the distance between an electric power feeding part and an electric power receiving part, and an output voltage.

続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施例につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。
図１〜図４に示すように、本発明の第１の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置１０は、側壁、床部又は天井部に配置された給電部１１と、移動車両１２に給電部１１と対向配置して設けられた受電部１３とを有している。以下、これらについて詳しく説明する。 Subsequently, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the non-contact power supply apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a power feeding unit 11 disposed on a side wall, a floor or a ceiling, and a power feeding unit on a moving vehicle 12. 11 and a power receiving unit 13 provided so as to face the 11. These will be described in detail below.

図２〜図４に示すように、給電部１１には空心（無コア）で平面状に螺旋巻された（渦巻平面状に巻かれた）一次コイル１４と、一次コイル１４に磁気結合する一次側共振コイル１５とを分離状態で有し、この一次コイル１４には高周波電源１６が接続され、一次側共振コイル１５には共振用の第１のコンデンサ１７が接続されている。この高周波電源１６は交流電源の整流回路と、整流回路からの直流を２０ｋＨｚ〜２００ｋＨｚ（この実施例では、２０ｋＨｚ〜３０ｋＨｚ）の高周波に変換するインバータ回路とを有している。なお、この一次コイル１４及び一次側共振コイル１５はそれぞれ矩形の絶縁板からなる支持部材１４ａ、１５ａの上に置かれて巻回され、全体が樹脂封止されている。 As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, a primary coil 14 spirally wound in a planar shape (wound in a spiral planar shape) with an air core (coreless) and a primary magnetically coupled to the primary coil 14 are provided in the power supply unit 11. The primary resonance coil 15 is connected to a high frequency power source 16, and the primary resonance coil 15 is connected to a resonance first capacitor 17. The high-frequency power supply 16 has a rectifier circuit of an AC power supply and an inverter circuit that converts a direct current from the rectifier circuit to a high frequency of 20 kHz to 200 kHz (in this embodiment, 20 kHz to 30 kHz). The primary coil 14 and the primary side resonance coil 15 are respectively placed and wound on support members 14a and 15a made of rectangular insulating plates, and the whole is resin-sealed.

この実施例では、床部に給電部１１が配置されているので、受電部１３に近い側（即ち、上側）に一次側共振コイル１５が、その後側（下側）に一次コイル１４が配置され、更にその後側（下側）にフェライトコアからなる第１の磁気シールド板１９（図１では省略されている）が配置されている。この第１の磁気シールド板１９の広さは、一次コイル１４及び一次側共振コイル１５の全広さより大きくなって、一次コイル１４を底から覆うようになっている。例えば、正方形の第１の磁気シールド板１９の一辺は、一次側共振コイル１５の外径の１．１〜１．５倍程度となっている。 In this embodiment, since the power feeding unit 11 is arranged on the floor, the primary resonance coil 15 is arranged on the side close to the power receiving unit 13 (that is, the upper side), and the primary coil 14 is arranged on the rear side (lower side). Further, a first magnetic shield plate 19 (not shown in FIG. 1) made of a ferrite core is disposed on the rear side (lower side). The width of the first magnetic shield plate 19 is larger than the total width of the primary coil 14 and the primary side resonance coil 15 so as to cover the primary coil 14 from the bottom. For example, one side of the square first magnetic shield plate 19 is about 1.1 to 1.5 times the outer diameter of the primary resonance coil 15.

一次コイル１４の直上に設けられている一次側共振コイル１５は、一次コイル１４の上面とは、例えば、０〜４０ｍｍの垂直隙間ｂを有し、一次コイル１４と第１の磁気シールド板１９との隙間ａ間隔は５〜３０ｍｍの範囲である。なお、一次コイル１４と一次側共振コイル１５の隙間ｂ、及び一次コイル１４と第１の磁気シールド板１９との隙間ａを調整可能とすることもできる。 The primary side resonance coil 15 provided immediately above the primary coil 14 has a vertical gap b of, for example, 0 to 40 mm from the upper surface of the primary coil 14, and the primary coil 14 and the first magnetic shield plate 19 The gap a is in the range of 5 to 30 mm. The gap b between the primary coil 14 and the primary side resonance coil 15 and the gap a between the primary coil 14 and the first magnetic shield plate 19 can be adjusted.

なお、この実施例では、一次コイル１４の巻数は２５〜４０ターン、直径（コイルの外径）は１８０〜３００ｍｍとなって、一次側共振コイル１５は一次コイル１４と同一大きさで、その巻数が１０〜１５ターンとなっている。 In this embodiment, the number of turns of the primary coil 14 is 25 to 40 turns, the diameter (outer diameter of the coil) is 180 to 300 mm, and the primary side resonance coil 15 has the same size as the primary coil 14 and the number of turns. Has 10 to 15 turns.

移動車両１２の底部に搭載されている受電部１３は、給電部１１に近い方から、二次側共振コイル２２、二次コイル２３、フェライトコアからなる第２の磁気シールド板２４がそれぞれ隙間ｃ、ｄを有して配置されている。なお、二次側共振コイル２２、二次コイル２３は、無コアで平面状に螺旋巻（渦巻）されて、それぞれ矩形の絶縁板からなる支持部材２２ａ、２３ａの上に樹脂封止されている。第２の磁気シールド板２４は、二次コイル２３を十分に覆う広さを有し、二次側共振コイル２２、二次コイル２３によって発生する磁束の漏洩をできるだけ少なくし、更には、二次コイル２３の背面側にある機器が加熱されないようにしている。 The power receiving unit 13 mounted on the bottom of the moving vehicle 12 has a gap c between the second resonance shield 22, the secondary coil 23, and the second magnetic shield plate 24 made of a ferrite core from the side closer to the power feeding unit 11. , D. Note that the secondary resonance coil 22 and the secondary coil 23 are spirally wound in a flat shape without a core, and are resin-sealed on support members 22a and 23a made of rectangular insulating plates, respectively. . The second magnetic shield plate 24 has a width that sufficiently covers the secondary coil 23, minimizes leakage of magnetic flux generated by the secondary side resonance coil 22 and the secondary coil 23, and further, The device on the back side of the coil 23 is prevented from being heated.

分離独立して配置された二次側共振コイル２２と二次コイル２３の隙間ｃは例えば、０〜４０ｍｍとなって、二次コイル２３と第２の磁気シールド板２４との隙間ｄは５〜３０ｍｍとなっている。二次コイル２３と第２の磁気シールド板２４との隙間ｄは調整可能とすることもできる。
二次側共振コイル２２の巻数は１０〜１５ターン、二次コイル２３の巻数は５〜７ターンとなっている。なお、二次コイル２３に中間タップを設けてもよい。 The gap c between the secondary resonance coil 22 and the secondary coil 23 that are separately and independently disposed is, for example, 0 to 40 mm, and the gap d between the secondary coil 23 and the second magnetic shield plate 24 is 5 to 5 mm. It is 30 mm. The gap d between the secondary coil 23 and the second magnetic shield plate 24 may be adjustable.
The number of turns of the secondary resonance coil 22 is 10 to 15 turns, and the number of turns of the secondary coil 23 is 5 to 7 turns. Note that an intermediate tap may be provided on the secondary coil 23.

一次側共振コイル１５の矩形の支持部材１５ａ、一次コイル１４の矩形の支持部材１４ａ、及び第１の磁気シールド板１９は、四隅に貫通孔が設けられ、貫通孔にそれぞれ挿通する雄ねじ３０と雄ねじ３０に螺合する雌ねじによって固定されている。また、二次側共振コイル２２を支持する矩形の支持部材２２ａ、二次コイル２３を支持する矩形の支持部材２３ａ、及び第２の磁気シールド板２４は、四隅に貫通孔が設けられ、貫通孔にそれぞれ挿通する雄ねじ３３と雄ねじ３３に螺合する雌ねじによって固定されている。 The rectangular support member 15a of the primary side resonance coil 15, the rectangular support member 14a of the primary coil 14, and the first magnetic shield plate 19 are provided with a male screw 30 and a male screw that are provided with through holes at the four corners and are respectively inserted into the through holes. It is fixed by a female screw that is screwed onto 30. The rectangular support member 22a that supports the secondary resonance coil 22, the rectangular support member 23a that supports the secondary coil 23, and the second magnetic shield plate 24 are provided with through holes at four corners. Are fixed by a male screw 33 that is inserted through the female screw 33 and a female screw that is screwed into the male screw 33.

二次側共振コイル２２には共振用の第２のコンデンサ３４が接続されている。第１のコンデンサ１７及び第２のコンデンサ３４はそれぞれ複数の小容量のコンデンサを複数並列に接続し、大電流が流れるリード線の容量を確保している。
二次コイル２３には、充電部（充電器）３５が接続されて、高周波電流を直流に整流し、電池３６を充電している。なお、当然のことながら、一次側共振コイル１５、一次コイル１４、二次側共振コイル２２及び二次コイル２３は磁気結合している。 A resonance second capacitor 34 is connected to the secondary resonance coil 22. Each of the first capacitor 17 and the second capacitor 34 has a plurality of small-capacitance capacitors connected in parallel to ensure the capacity of the lead wire through which a large current flows.
A charging unit (charger) 35 is connected to the secondary coil 23 to rectify the high-frequency current into direct current and charge the battery 36. As a matter of course, the primary side resonance coil 15, the primary coil 14, the secondary side resonance coil 22, and the secondary coil 23 are magnetically coupled.

一次コイル１４に供給される高周波電源１６の発振周波数は２０ｋＨｚ〜２００ｋＨｚ（好ましくは、２０ｋＨｚ〜１００ｋＨｚ、更に好ましくは、２０ｋＨｚ〜３０ｋＨｚ）の範囲にあり、高周波電源１６の発振周波数ｐ（ｋＨｚ）に対し、一次側共振コイル１５と第１のコンデンサ１７によって形成される一次側共振回路の共振周波数Ａ１（ｋＨｚ）は、±３〜２０％の範囲で差異があるのが好ましい。従って、この場合一次側共振回路の共振周波数Ａ１は、０．８ｐ〜０．９７ｐ（ｋＨｚ）又は１．０３ｐ〜１．２ｐ（ｋＨｚ）の範囲にある。なお、高周波電源の周波数が８０ｋＨｚを超える場合は、一次側共振回路の共振周波数Ａ１（ｋＨｚ）は、±３〜１０％の範囲で差異があるのがよい。 The oscillation frequency of the high-frequency power supply 16 supplied to the primary coil 14 is in the range of 20 kHz to 200 kHz (preferably 20 kHz to 100 kHz, more preferably 20 kHz to 30 kHz), and is relative to the oscillation frequency p (kHz) of the high-frequency power supply 16. The resonance frequency A1 (kHz) of the primary resonance circuit formed by the primary resonance coil 15 and the first capacitor 17 is preferably different within a range of ± 3 to 20%. Therefore, in this case, the resonance frequency A1 of the primary side resonance circuit is in the range of 0.8p to 0.97p (kHz) or 1.03p to 1.2p (kHz). When the frequency of the high frequency power source exceeds 80 kHz, the resonance frequency A1 (kHz) of the primary side resonance circuit should be different within a range of ± 3 to 10%.

これによって、一次側共振コイル１５及び第１のコンデンサ１７を流れる電流は、一次側共振回路の共振周波数を高周波電源１６の発振周波数に一致させた場合に比較して激減して、一次側共振コイル１５からの発生する熱も抑制される。給電部１１から受電部１３に伝わる磁束は、一次側共振コイル１５を流れる電流によって制御される。なお、一次側共振回路の共振周波数の設定は、受電部１３を全く考慮しないで行うのがよい。 As a result, the current flowing through the primary side resonance coil 15 and the first capacitor 17 is drastically reduced as compared with the case where the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit is matched with the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power supply 16, and the primary side resonance coil. The heat generated from 15 is also suppressed. The magnetic flux transmitted from the power feeding unit 11 to the power receiving unit 13 is controlled by the current flowing through the primary resonance coil 15. It should be noted that the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit should be set without considering the power receiving unit 13 at all.

この共振周波数の設定は、給電部１１においては、共振用の第１のコンデンサ１７の容量調整を行うことによって行うのが好ましいが、一次側共振コイル１５と一次コイル１４の隙間ｂ、又は一次コイル１４と第１の磁気シールド板１９の隙間ａの調整を合わせて行ってもよい。 The resonance frequency is preferably set by adjusting the capacitance of the resonance first capacitor 17 in the power supply unit 11, but the clearance b between the primary resonance coil 15 and the primary coil 14, or the primary coil. Adjustment of the gap a between the first magnetic shield plate 19 and the first magnetic shield plate 19 may be performed together.

二次側共振コイル２２と第２のコンデンサ３４によって形成される二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、高周波電源１６の発振周波数ｐに一致しているが、正確に合わせるのは困難であるので、±３％程度の誤差があっても、動作に支障は生じない。従って、二次側共振回路の共振周波数Ａ２は、０．９７ｐ〜１．０３ｐ（ｋＨｚ）の間にあるのが好ましいことになる。なお、二次側共振回路の共振周波数の調整は、受電部１３で独立で行うことは困難であるので、給電部１１を作動させて行うのがよい。 The resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit formed by the secondary side resonance coil 22 and the second capacitor 34 matches the oscillation frequency p of the high frequency power supply 16, but it is difficult to accurately match the resonance frequency p. Even if there is an error of about ± 3%, there will be no trouble in operation. Therefore, the resonance frequency A2 of the secondary side resonance circuit is preferably between 0.97p and 1.03p (kHz). In addition, since it is difficult to adjust the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit independently by the power reception unit 13, it is preferable to operate the power supply unit 11.

また、受電部１３の共振周波数の設定は、共振用の第２のコンデンサ３４の容量調整を行うのが簡単であるが、更に微調整を行う場合には、二次側共振コイル２２と二次コイル２３の隙間ｃ、又は二次コイル２３と第２の磁気シールド板２４との隙間ｄを調整してもよい。
なお、給電部１１と受電部１３の共振周波数の調整は、給電部１１と受電部１３の隙間Ｌが２００ｍｍ〜３００ｍｍと大きいので、独立に行っても大きな誤差は生じないし、これらを独立に調整した後、正規位置にセットして、再調整を行うことによって、正確に周波数設定が可能となる。 The resonance frequency of the power receiving unit 13 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the capacitance of the second capacitor 34 for resonance. However, in the case of further fine adjustment, the secondary resonance coil 22 and the secondary resonance coil 22 can be adjusted. The clearance c between the coils 23 or the clearance d between the secondary coil 23 and the second magnetic shield plate 24 may be adjusted.
In addition, since the gap L between the power supply unit 11 and the power reception unit 13 is as large as 200 mm to 300 mm, the adjustment of the resonance frequency of the power supply unit 11 and the power reception unit 13 does not cause a large error even if performed independently. After that, the frequency can be accurately set by setting it to the normal position and performing readjustment.

図１に示すように、この非接触電力供給装置１０において、移動車両１２の検知回路３８を設け、高周波電源１６のスイッチボックス３９をオンにすることもできる。検知回路３８としてはサーチコイルに微小の電流を流し、受電部１３の二次側共振コイル２２又は二次コイル２３をそのインピーダンスの変化から検知するようにすることもできる。 As shown in FIG. 1, in this non-contact power supply apparatus 10, a detection circuit 38 of the moving vehicle 12 can be provided and a switch box 39 of the high frequency power supply 16 can be turned on. As the detection circuit 38, a minute current can be passed through the search coil to detect the secondary resonance coil 22 or the secondary coil 23 of the power reception unit 13 from the change in impedance.

続いて、本発明の作用効果を確認する第１の実験例について説明する。
図３に示す回路で、充電部３５の代わりに、１００Ｗの電球を５個並列に接続したものを負荷とし、給電部１１及び受電部１３の共振周波数を２５ｋＨｚ、高周波電源１６の発振周波数を２５ｋＨｚとして、Ｌの長さを変えた場合の、電球の電圧Ｖｒｍｓを図５に示す。この実施例によれば、Ｌの長さが２３０ｍｍの場合に、最大の出力を示す。 Then, the 1st experiment example which confirms the effect of this invention is demonstrated.
In the circuit shown in FIG. 3, instead of the charging unit 35, a load in which five 100 W bulbs are connected in parallel is used as a load, the resonance frequency of the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is 25 kHz, and the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power source 16 is 25 kHz. FIG. 5 shows the bulb voltage Vrms when the length of L is changed. According to this embodiment, the maximum output is shown when the length of L is 230 mm.

従って、図５の結果から、給電部１１と受電部１３の距離Ｌを適正範囲（又は適正値）に設定すれば、適正範囲より距離Ｌが小さくなっても、受電電力は増加しないで減少するので、機器の過度の電流による故障等を防止できる。 Therefore, from the result of FIG. 5, if the distance L between the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is set to an appropriate range (or an appropriate value), even if the distance L becomes smaller than the appropriate range, the received power does not increase and decreases. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a failure due to an excessive current of the device.

また、図５において、距離Ｌを１５０ｍｍにすると、高周波電源の発振周波数を２５ｋＨｚとした場合には、出力が大きく減少する。そこで、高周波電源の発振周波数を上下すると、２５．７ｋＨｚ（Ｑ点）と、２４．７ｋＨｚ（Ｐ点）で最大になり、それを過ぎるとまた下がる。そして、距離Ｌを８０ｍｍにすると高周波電源の発振周波数を２５ｋＨｚとした場合には、出力が更に大きく減少するが、発振周波数を上下すると、２４ｋＨｚ（Ｒ点）と２７ｋＨｚ（Ｓ点）で最大値が発生する。 In FIG. 5, when the distance L is 150 mm, the output is greatly reduced when the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power supply is 25 kHz. Therefore, when the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency power supply is increased or decreased, the maximum is obtained at 25.7 kHz (Q point) and 24.7 kHz (P point), and the frequency is lowered again. When the distance L is 80 mm and the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power supply is 25 kHz, the output is further reduced. However, when the oscillation frequency is increased and decreased, the maximum value is obtained at 24 kHz (R point) and 27 kHz (S point). Occur.

以上のことから、最初に距離Ｌを決めて、全体を一定の共振周波数に合わせていても、距離Ｌを小さくすると、給電部１１と受電部１３の磁気結合が変わって、給電部１１と受電部１３との共振周波数が個別に変わる（即ち、給電部１１と受電部１３が別々の共振周波数を有する）ことが判る。なお、距離Ｌが小さくなると、送受電効率は高まり、距離Ｌが２３０ｍｍの時の電力より、共振時の送信電力は増加するはずであるが、今回の実験では高周波電源の容量が十分で無かったので、多少下がった結果となった。 From the above, even if the distance L is first determined and the whole is set to a constant resonance frequency, if the distance L is reduced, the magnetic coupling between the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is changed, and the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit are received. It can be seen that the resonance frequency with the unit 13 changes individually (that is, the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 have different resonance frequencies). As the distance L decreases, the power transmission / reception efficiency increases, and the transmission power at resonance should increase from the power when the distance L is 230 mm. However, in this experiment, the capacity of the high-frequency power source was not sufficient. So the result was slightly lower.

続いて、図６〜図８を参照しながら、本発明の第２の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置４５について説明する。この実施例において、第１の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置１０と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。
図６、図７に示すように、本発明の第２の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置４５は、側壁（又は床部若しくは天井部）に配置された給電部４６と、給電部４６に対向配置されて、例えば自動車、搬送台車等の移動車両４７に設けられた受電部４８とを有している。以下、これらについて詳しく説明する。 Subsequently, a non-contact power supply apparatus 45 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the same components as those of the contactless power supply apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the non-contact power supply device 45 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a power feeding unit 46 disposed on a side wall (or a floor or a ceiling), and a power feeding unit 46. For example, the power receiving unit 48 is provided in a moving vehicle 47 such as an automobile or a transport carriage. These will be described in detail below.

給電部４６には空心で渦巻き平面状に巻かれた一次コイル４９が固定状態で配置され、この一次コイル４９には高周波電源１６が接続されている。この高周波電源１６は２０ｋＨｚ〜２００ｋＨｚ（この実施例では、２０ｋＨｚ〜３０ｋＨｚ）の高周波電力を出力している。 A primary coil 49 wound in a spiral spiral plane with an air core is disposed in a fixed state in the power feeding unit 46, and the high-frequency power source 16 is connected to the primary coil 49. The high frequency power source 16 outputs high frequency power of 20 kHz to 200 kHz (in this embodiment, 20 kHz to 30 kHz).

一次コイル４９は、図７（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、空心で角部が丸くなった角形（円形、楕円形であってもよい）で、かつ渦巻き平面状に銅線を８〜１０回巻いて構成されている。また、この一次コイル４９に隣り合わせて一次側共振コイル５０が配置されている。この一次コイル４９と一次側共振コイル５０との間は絶縁シート５１を配置するのが好ましい。この実施例では、一次側共振コイル５０は、一次コイル４９と同一構造となっている。 As shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B), the primary coil 49 has a square shape (circular or elliptical shape) with rounded corners in the air center, and 8 copper wires in a spiral plane shape. It is composed of 10 to 10 turns. A primary resonance coil 50 is disposed adjacent to the primary coil 49. It is preferable to arrange an insulating sheet 51 between the primary coil 49 and the primary side resonance coil 50. In this embodiment, the primary side resonance coil 50 has the same structure as the primary coil 49.

この一次側共振コイル５０には、第１のコンデンサ５２が直列に接続され、一次側共振回路を構成している。５３、５４は一次側共振コイル５０のリード線であり、５５、５６は一次コイル４９のリード線である。また、平面状となったこの一次コイル４９の背部には、高周波磁気特性のよいフェライトコアからなるシールド板（磁気シールド板）５７が配置されている。第１のコンデンサ５２は、例えば高周波使用時に十分内部抵抗の小さい（ｔａｎδの小さい) 、複数のコンデンサを並列に接続して構成されるのが好ましい。 A first capacitor 52 is connected in series to the primary side resonance coil 50 to constitute a primary side resonance circuit. 53 and 54 are lead wires of the primary side resonance coil 50, and 55 and 56 are lead wires of the primary coil 49. In addition, a shield plate (magnetic shield plate) 57 made of a ferrite core having good high-frequency magnetic characteristics is disposed on the back of the primary coil 49 that is flat. The first capacitor 52 is preferably configured by connecting a plurality of capacitors in parallel, for example, having sufficiently small internal resistance (small tan δ) when using a high frequency.

図８（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、受電部４８には分離状態で配置された二次コイル５８と二次側共振コイル５９を有し、これらの二次コイル５８と二次側共振コイル５９は、それぞれＥ形コア６１の中央磁極部６２に巻かれている。二次側共振コイル５９の巻数は１２回、二次コイル１７の巻数は２回プラス２回の計４回で、中点を出力している。図８（Ａ）において、６３、６４は二次側共振コイル５９の接続用リード線で、第２のコンデンサ６０が接続され、６５〜６８はそれぞれ２回巻の二次コイル５８の接続用リード線となっている。 As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the power receiving unit 48 has a secondary coil 58 and a secondary resonance coil 59 arranged in a separated state, and these secondary coil 58 and secondary side are arranged. The resonance coils 59 are wound around the central magnetic pole portion 62 of the E-shaped core 61, respectively. The secondary resonance coil 59 has 12 turns, and the secondary coil 17 has 2 turns plus 2 turns for a total of 4 times, and the middle point is output. In FIG. 8A, reference numerals 63 and 64 denote connection leads of the secondary side resonance coil 59 to which the second capacitor 60 is connected, and reference numerals 65 to 68 denote connection leads of the secondary coil 58 of two turns. It is a line.

Ｅ形コア６１は、平面視してＥ形に成形された４枚のフェライトコア板を重ね合わせて形成され、中央磁極部６２の両側に端側磁極部６９、７０を有して、全体として、通過する磁束によって飽和しないような断面積を有している。このＥ形コア６１の奥側に二次コイル５８が手前側に二次側共振コイル５９が配置されている。即ち、二次側共振コイル５９は二次コイル５８より一次コイル４９に近い側に配置されている。これらの二次コイル５８及び二次側共振コイル５９は樹脂封止することもできるが、この実施例では空冷環境を保つため、樹脂封止はされていない。 The E-shaped core 61 is formed by superposing four ferrite core plates formed in an E shape in plan view, and has end-side magnetic pole portions 69 and 70 on both sides of the central magnetic pole portion 62. The cross-sectional area is not saturated by the passing magnetic flux. A secondary coil 58 is disposed on the back side of the E-shaped core 61, and a secondary resonance coil 59 is disposed on the near side. That is, the secondary side resonance coil 59 is disposed closer to the primary coil 49 than the secondary coil 58. The secondary coil 58 and the secondary resonance coil 59 can be resin-sealed. However, in this embodiment, the resin-sealing is not performed in order to maintain an air cooling environment.

本発明とは相違して、この第２の実施例に係る非接触電力供給装置４５において、二次側共振コイル５９を省略し、二次コイル５８のみとした場合、Ｅ形コア６１の厚みは二次コイル５８のみを収納できればよいので、薄くし且つ軽量化を図ることができる。なお、場合によっては、二次側共振コイル５９をそのまま残して、一次側共振コイル５０を省略することも可能であるが、この場合は、給電部４６と受電部４８の磁気的結合を密にする必要がある。従って、このような一次側共振コイルや二次側共振コイルを省略した非接触電力供給装置も考えられるが、一次側共振コイルや二次側共振コイルを設けた非接触電力供給装置の方がより電力の送電効率が向上し、更に給電部と受電部との距離を大きくとることができる。 Unlike the present invention, in the non-contact power supply device 45 according to the second embodiment, when the secondary resonance coil 59 is omitted and only the secondary coil 58 is used, the thickness of the E-shaped core 61 is Since only the secondary coil 58 needs to be accommodated, the thickness and weight can be reduced. In some cases, it is possible to omit the primary side resonance coil 50 while leaving the secondary side resonance coil 59 as it is. However, in this case, the magnetic coupling between the power feeding unit 46 and the power receiving unit 48 is made dense. There is a need to. Therefore, a non-contact power supply device that omits such a primary side resonance coil or a secondary side resonance coil is also conceivable, but a non-contact power supply device provided with a primary side resonance coil or a secondary side resonance coil is more suitable. The power transmission efficiency is improved, and the distance between the power feeding unit and the power receiving unit can be increased.

給電部４６の後側に設けられている前記したシールド板５７の平面視した寸法は、図８（Ａ）に示すように正面視したＥ形コア６１の縦寸法ｅ及び横寸法ｇと同一か、多少広くなっている。シールド板５７の厚みは発生する磁束によって飽和しないような断面積を有する厚みとなっている。このように、二次コイル５８をＥ形コア６１に巻き、一次コイル４９の背面にシールド板５７を設けることによって、全体の漏洩磁束を小さくすることができると共に、給電部４６から受電部４８への電力伝達効率を高めることができる。更に、二次側共振回路を設けることによって、給電部４６及び受電部４８の距離Ｌを伸ばすことができる。 Is the dimension in plan view of the shield plate 57 provided on the rear side of the power feeding section 46 the same as the longitudinal dimension e and lateral dimension g of the E-shaped core 61 viewed from the front as shown in FIG. A little wider. The thickness of the shield plate 57 has a cross-sectional area that does not saturate with the generated magnetic flux. Thus, by winding the secondary coil 58 around the E-shaped core 61 and providing the shield plate 57 on the back surface of the primary coil 49, the overall leakage magnetic flux can be reduced, and the power feeding unit 46 to the power receiving unit 48. The power transmission efficiency can be increased. Furthermore, the distance L between the power feeding unit 46 and the power receiving unit 48 can be extended by providing the secondary side resonance circuit.

二次コイル５８には、整流回路を含む充電回路７２が接続され、負荷である電池（バッテリ）７３に直流電力を供給するようになっている。なお、この移動車両４７には、この電池７３を電源とするモータ及び制御装置が設けられ、車輪を駆動している。 A charging circuit 72 including a rectifier circuit is connected to the secondary coil 58 to supply DC power to a battery (battery) 73 that is a load. The moving vehicle 47 is provided with a motor and a control device using the battery 73 as a power source to drive the wheels.

次に、本発明に係る非接触電力供給装置の作用、効果を確認した第２の実験例について、図９〜図１１を参照しながら説明する。
実験において、給電部１１及び受電部１３については、図２に示した非接触電力供給装置１０と同一の構成のものを使用した。二次コイル２３に接続される負荷８０は、２００Ｗ電球を１０個（負荷ＲＬ＝５Ω）又は５個（負荷ＲＬ＝１０Ω）並列に接続して使用した。 Next, a second experimental example in which the operation and effect of the non-contact power supply apparatus according to the present invention has been confirmed will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the experiment, the power supply unit 11 and the power reception unit 13 have the same configuration as the non-contact power supply apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. As the load 80 connected to the secondary coil 23, 10 200W bulbs (load RL = 5Ω) or 5 (load RL = 10Ω) were connected in parallel.

給電部１１と受電部１３とのギャップＬを１００ｍｍとし、受電部１３の二次側共振コイル２２と第２のコンデンサ３４で構成される二次側共振回路の共振周波数を約２５ｋＨｚとし、高周波電源１６の発振周波数を変えた場合の、負荷８０の負荷電圧との関係を図１０の中央部に示す。そして、図１０の下部には一次側共振コイル１５と二次側共振コイル２２の両端の電圧（即ち、共振電圧）を示す。なお、この実験例では、一次側共振コイル１５と第１のコンデンサ１７によって形成される一次側共振回路の共振周波数は約２８ｋＨｚとした。また、Ｖｐｐはピークトゥーピーク電圧を、Ｖｏｐは振幅電圧を示す。 The gap L between the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is set to 100 mm, the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit including the secondary side resonance coil 22 and the second capacitor 34 of the power receiving unit 13 is set to about 25 kHz, and the high frequency power source FIG. 10 shows the relationship with the load voltage of the load 80 when the oscillation frequency of 16 is changed. And the voltage (namely, resonance voltage) of the both ends of the primary side resonance coil 15 and the secondary side resonance coil 22 is shown in the lower part of FIG. In this experimental example, the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit formed by the primary side resonance coil 15 and the first capacitor 17 is about 28 kHz. Vpp represents a peak-to-peak voltage, and Vop represents an amplitude voltage.

この実験では、図１０のＰ１とＰ２の部分に、給電部１１から受電部１３に同程度の電力を供給するピーク領域があるが、Ｐ１の領域では、一次側共振回路の共振電圧も１０００Ｖｐｐと高くなっており、結果として一次側共振コイル１５に流れる電流も多いことになる。ところが、Ｐ２の領域、例えば、２５．２ｋＨｚにおいては、一次側共振コイル１５の電圧が３５０〜４００Ｖｐｐと小さくなり、その時の負荷電圧は、１００〜１２５Ｖｏｐとなって同程度の電力を効率良く受電部１３に供給できている。 In this experiment, there is a peak region where P1 and P2 in FIG. 10 supply the same level of power from the power feeding unit 11 to the power receiving unit 13, but in the region of P1, the resonance voltage of the primary side resonance circuit is also 1000 Vpp. As a result, the current flowing through the primary resonance coil 15 is also large. However, in the P2 region, for example, 25.2 kHz, the voltage of the primary resonance coil 15 is reduced to 350 to 400 Vpp, and the load voltage at that time is 100 to 125 Vop, so that the same level of power can be efficiently received. 13 can be supplied.

従って、この実験から、一次側共振回路の共振周波数は、高周波電源の発振周波数から適当な範囲でずらすのが好ましく、種々の実験から、高周波電源の発振周波数の例えば±３〜２０％の範囲で相違するのが好ましいことが確認された。また、二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、高周波電源の発振周波数と大きく異なると、受電性能が下がるので、±３％の範囲で同一であることが好ましいことが確認された。なお、図１０に示す実験においては、二次側共振回路の共振周波数の設定は、二次コイル、一次コイル、一次側共振周波数を全く考慮しないで行っているので、組み合わせた場合の二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、二次側共振コイルと第２のコンデンサのみの共振周波数とは多少の誤差があることも確認された。 Therefore, from this experiment, it is preferable to shift the resonance frequency of the primary side resonance circuit within an appropriate range from the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency power supply. It was confirmed that it is preferable to make a difference. In addition, it was confirmed that the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit is preferably the same in a range of ± 3% because the power reception performance is lowered when the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit is greatly different from the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power source. In the experiment shown in FIG. 10, since the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance circuit is set without considering the secondary coil, the primary coil, and the primary side resonance frequency, the secondary side when combined is used. It was also confirmed that the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit had some errors between the resonance frequency of the secondary side resonance coil and the second capacitor alone.

図１１は、高周波電源１６の発振周波数を２５ｋＨｚに固定し、給電部１１と受電部１３との距離Ｌが１００ｍｍである場合に、負荷電圧が最大となるように、一次側共振回路及び二次側共振回路の共振周波数を設定し、距離Ｌを変えた場合の負荷電圧の変化を示す。これによって、給電部１１と受電部１３の距離Ｌを変える（即ち、距離Ｌが小さくなっても）と、一次側及び二次側間のリアクタンスが変化するので、これに伴い、一次側共振周波数（及び二次側共振周波数）も変わって、出力が下がるものと思慮される。 FIG. 11 shows that when the oscillation frequency of the high frequency power supply 16 is fixed at 25 kHz and the distance L between the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is 100 mm, the primary side resonance circuit and the secondary side circuit are maximized so that the load voltage becomes maximum. The change of the load voltage when the resonance frequency of the side resonance circuit is set and the distance L is changed is shown. Accordingly, when the distance L between the power feeding unit 11 and the power receiving unit 13 is changed (that is, even when the distance L is reduced), the reactance between the primary side and the secondary side changes, and accordingly, the primary side resonance frequency is changed. (And the secondary resonance frequency) are also changed and the output is considered to decrease.

本発明は前記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲で、形状、寸法、巻数などは変更できる。なお、移動車両には自動車を含み、また、ロボット、移動又は固定状態の設備機械等への給電を行う場合も本発明は適用される。更に、給電部と受電部の取付け位置は縦及び横の任意であり、給電部と受電部の距離Ｌはその場の状況に応じて適宜変更できる。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and the shape, dimensions, number of turns, and the like can be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Note that the present invention is also applicable to cases where the moving vehicle includes an automobile, and power is supplied to a robot, a moving or fixed facility machine, or the like. Furthermore, the attachment positions of the power feeding unit and the power receiving unit are arbitrary in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the distance L between the power feeding unit and the power receiving unit can be changed as appropriate according to the situation on the spot.

また、前記実施例においては、一次コイル１４及び一次側共振コイル１５は無コアであったが、軸心にコアを設ける（即ち、有心コア）こともできる。更には、二次コイル２３及び二次側共振コイル２２においてもその軸心にコアを設けることもできる。
そしてまた、一次コイル１４、一次側共振コイル１５、二次コイル２３及び二次側共振コイル２２は平面状に螺旋巻していたが、これらの一部又は全部を筒状巻や多重巻とする場合も本発明は適用される。 Moreover, in the said Example, although the primary coil 14 and the primary side resonance coil 15 were coreless, it can also provide a core in an axial center (namely, cored core). Furthermore, a core can also be provided at the axial center of the secondary coil 23 and the secondary resonance coil 22.
In addition, the primary coil 14, the primary side resonance coil 15, the secondary coil 23, and the secondary side resonance coil 22 are spirally wound in a planar shape, but some or all of these are cylindrically wound or multiplexly wound. The present invention also applies to cases.

なお、以上の発明において、磁気シールド板としてフェライトコアを用いたが、高周波特性がよく鉄損が少ない材料であれば、他の素材を使用することもできる。
更に、以上の実施例においては、高周波電源の周波数は２０ｋＨｚ〜３０ｋＨｚの範囲で実験されているが、２０ｋＨｚ〜２００ｋＨｚの範囲でも本発明が成り立つことは当然である。 In the above invention, the ferrite core is used as the magnetic shield plate. However, other materials can be used as long as the material has good high frequency characteristics and low iron loss.
Further, in the above-described embodiments, the frequency of the high-frequency power source is tested in the range of 20 kHz to 30 kHz. However, it is natural that the present invention can be established in the range of 20 kHz to 200 kHz.

１０：非接触電力供給装置、１１：給電部、１２：移動車両、１３：受電部、１４：一次コイル、１５：一次側共振コイル、１４ａ、１５ａ：支持部材、１６：高周波電源、１７：第１のコンデンサ、１９：第１の磁気シールド板、２２：二次側共振コイル、２３：二次コイル、２２ａ、２３ａ：支持部材、２４：第２の磁気シールド板、３０、３３：雄ねじ、３４：第２のコンデンサ、３５：充電部、３６：電池、３８：検知回路、３９：スイッチボックス、４５：非接触電力供給装置、４６：給電部、４７：移動車両、４８：受電部、４９：一次コイル、５０：一次側共振コイル、５１：絶縁シート、５２：第１のコンデンサ、５３〜５６：リード線、５７：シールド板、５８：二次コイル、５９：二次側共振コイル、６０：第２のコンデンサ、６１：Ｅ形コア、６２：中央磁極部、６３〜６８：リード線、６９、７０：端側磁極部、７２：充電回路、７３：電池、８０：負荷 10: Non-contact power supply device, 11: Power feeding unit, 12: Mobile vehicle, 13: Power receiving unit, 14: Primary coil, 15: Primary resonance coil, 14a, 15a: Support member, 16: High frequency power source, 17: No. 1, 19: first magnetic shield plate, 22: secondary resonance coil, 23: secondary coil, 22 a and 23 a: support member, 24: second magnetic shield plate, 30 and 33: male screw, 34 : Second capacitor, 35: charging unit, 36: battery, 38: detection circuit, 39: switch box, 45: non-contact power supply device, 46: power feeding unit, 47: moving vehicle, 48: power receiving unit, 49: Primary coil 50: Primary resonance coil 51: Insulation sheet 52: First capacitor 53-56: Lead wire 57: Shield plate 58: Secondary coil 59: Secondary resonance coil 60: Second computer Capacitors, 61: E-shaped core, 62: central magnetic pole portion, 63-68: lead, 69, 70: end magnetic pole portion, 72: a charging circuit, 73: battery, 80: load

Claims (1)

側壁、床部又は天井部に取付けられた給電部と、自動車又は搬送台車に取付けられた受電部とを有する非接触電力供給装置において、
前記給電部は平面状に螺旋巻きした一次コイルを有し、該一次コイルは高周波電源が接続され、前記一次コイルの前側に共振用の第１のコンデンサが接続された一次側共振コイルが配置され、前記受電部は、磁性材料フェライトを用いたＥ形コアと、該Ｅ形コアの中央磁極部の奥側に巻かれた二次コイルと、前記中央磁極部の手前側に巻かれた二次側共振コイルと、該二次側共振コイルに直列に接続された共振用の第２のコンデンサとを有し、
前記一次コイルの背部には、縦横が前記Ｅ形コアの縦寸法及び横寸法より大きくなって、前記一次コイルを底から覆う、磁性材料フェライトを用いた矩形状の磁気シールド板が設けられていると共に、前記一次コイルの軸心にコアを設けて有心コアとし、前記高周波電源の周波数は２０〜１００ｋＨｚの範囲にあって、前記高周波電源の周波数をｐとした場合、前記二次側共振コイルと前記第２のコンデンサによって形成される二次側共振回路の共振周波数は、０．９７ｐ〜１．０３ｐの範囲にあることを特徴とする非接触電力供給装置。 In a non-contact power supply apparatus having a power feeding unit attached to a side wall, a floor part or a ceiling part, and a power receiving part attached to an automobile or a carriage.
The power feeding unit has a primary coil spirally wound in a planar shape, the primary coil is connected to a high frequency power source, and a primary side resonance coil having a resonance first capacitor connected to the front side of the primary coil is disposed. The power receiving section includes an E-shaped core using magnetic material ferrite, a secondary coil wound on the back side of the central magnetic pole part of the E-shaped core, and a secondary coil wound on the front side of the central magnetic pole part. A side resonance coil and a second capacitor for resonance connected in series to the secondary side resonance coil,
A rectangular magnetic shield plate using magnetic material ferrite is provided on the back portion of the primary coil so that the vertical and horizontal dimensions are larger than the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the E-shaped core and covers the primary coil from the bottom. In addition, when a core is provided in the axial center of the primary coil to form a core, the frequency of the high-frequency power source is in a range of 20 to 100 kHz, and the frequency of the high-frequency power source is p, A non-contact power supply apparatus, wherein a resonance frequency of a secondary side resonance circuit formed by the second capacitor is in a range of 0.97p to 1.03p.
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WO2010137495A1 (en) 2010-12-02
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