CN111769625B - Complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation and control method thereof - Google Patents
Complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
- F03D9/43—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures using infrastructure primarily used for other purposes, e.g. masts for overhead railway power lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
- H02S10/12—Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation, which comprises a solar cell panel and a wind driven generator, wherein the solar cell panel and the wind driven generator are arranged on an expressway or at the periphery of the expressway; the storage battery and the commercial power supply power for the electric equipment arranged on the highway through the power supply switching device; the dual-power conversion device is connected with a direct-current electric appliance in a direct connection mode, and is connected with an alternating-current electric appliance through a wireless power supply device to supply power for the electric appliance. The solar energy and wind energy conversion device can supply power to the storage battery by collecting the electric energy converted from the solar energy and the wind energy, can generate electricity efficiently, and is clean, environment-friendly and pollution-free; meanwhile, the storage battery power supply and the commercial power supply are complementary, the storage battery power supply is main, the commercial power supply is auxiliary, and the commercial power is saved to a greater extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traffic power supply, in particular to a complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the construction of highway tunnels is increasing day by day, and in order to ensure the safe operation of the highway, power utilization equipment such as a variable information board, a camera, a meteorological station and the like are installed along the highway. However, the highway has long distance and large span, so that the electric energy consumption of the electric equipment on the highway is large, a large amount of energy is consumed, and the operation and maintenance cost of the highway is increased.
A large number of areas where the highway passes are wide, wind energy and solar energy are sufficient, and if the wind energy and the solar energy can be well utilized to supply power for equipment on the highway, a large amount of power resources can be saved every year. However, solar and wind energy also have some disadvantages: the wind energy or solar energy power supply device has the advantages that the energy density is low no matter wind energy or solar energy is adopted, if the wind energy or solar energy is only used for supplying power to power supply equipment, the phenomenon of insufficient electric quantity can occur, and the popularization and utilization are difficult. The wind energy or the solar energy is changed along with the change of weather and climate, and the stability of energy collection is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the technical scheme provides the complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation, the wind energy, the solar energy and the commercial power are reasonably combined to supply power for high-speed electric equipment, and the problems can be effectively solved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation comprises a solar cell panel and a wind driven generator which are arranged on an expressway or on the periphery of the expressway, wherein the solar cell panel and the wind driven generator are connected with a storage battery for storing electric energy; the method is characterized in that: the storage battery is provided with a microcontroller for detecting electric quantity and controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery; the power supply circuit of the storage battery and the power supply circuit of the commercial power are connected with the input end of the power supply switching device, and the output end of the power supply switching device is connected with the direct current electrical appliance and the alternating current electrical appliance to supply power for the electrical appliances.
Furthermore, the microcontroller is connected with the anode and the cathode of the storage battery through an electric quantity detection circuit to detect the electric quantity of the storage battery; the microcontroller is connected with the storage battery power supply circuit and the charging circuit through the relay switch; when the microcontroller detects that the electric quantity of the storage battery is insufficient, the electric quantity output of the storage battery power supply circuit is cut off and the electric quantity input of the charging circuit is started through the relay switch; and when the microcontroller detects that the storage battery is fully charged, the power supply is recovered.
Furthermore, a power supply circuit of the storage battery is connected with a direct current input end of the power supply switching device, and a commercial power supply circuit is connected with an alternating current input end of the power supply switching device; a rectifying circuit for converting the commercial power supply into direct current is connected between the power supply switching device and the direct current electric appliance; an inverter for converting the storage battery power supply into alternating current is connected between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device; an alternating current relay directly connected with commercial power is arranged between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device; and a voltage division circuit and a voltage conversion circuit for adjusting voltage are arranged between the power supply switching device and the output end of the power supply switching device.
Furthermore, a plurality of interfaces for connecting with electric equipment are arranged on the rectifier and the inverter; it is convenient to supply power to a plurality of power supply devices. And a manual switch and an automatic switch are arranged between each interface and the power supply equipment, the manual switch is convenient to install and maintain, and the automatic switch is convenient to start power supply at fixed points.
Further, the inverter is directly connected with the alternating current electric appliance through a wire, or the inverter is connected with the alternating current electric appliance through a wireless power supply device; or the inverter is connected with the alternating current electric appliance through other connecting equipment.
Furthermore, the wireless power supply device comprises a box body and a plurality of reserved grooves arranged in the box body, wherein coil boxes are connected in the reserved grooves in a clamping mode; the coil box is provided with an interface connected with a lead and a manual control switch used for controlling the communication of an internal circuit; the primary coil box and the secondary coil box can be combined for use through connection of the wires and the interfaces according to different power utilization requirements.
Furthermore, a reserved groove in the box body is made of a soft magnetic shielding material; the coil box comprises a primary coil and a secondary coil which are matched in pairs for use, wherein the primary coil and the secondary coil are matched with each other to be provided with a magnetic core bulge and a magnetic core groove, and the primary coil and the secondary coil are installed into a whole through the magnetic core bulge and the magnetic core groove.
Further, the both sides of reserve groove are connected with the buckle through the pivot, fixedly connected with spring between the inside wall of buckle and reserve groove both sides, and when the coil box inserted in the reserve groove, the coil box received the extrusion of the buckle and the spring of both sides, fixed it.
Furthermore, the preformed groove is fixedly arranged inside the box body.
Furthermore, the preformed groove is movably arranged in the box body; sliding rails are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the box body, and pulleys matched with the sliding rails are arranged on the two sides of the reserved groove; the preformed groove is arranged in the slide rail through a pulley and can move along the direction of the slide rail.
Furthermore, the power supply switching device is provided with a voltage detection circuit and a switching circuit for detecting voltage, the microcontroller is connected with a mains supply circuit through the voltage detection circuit, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a power supply circuit of the mains supply through the power supply switching circuit.
Further, the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a mains supply circuit through a relay switch, and when the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage of the mains supply circuit is normal and the electric quantity detection circuit detects that the electric quantity is sufficient, the microcontroller preferentially selects the power supply circuit of the storage battery;
the microcontroller detects the voltage of the mains supply circuit and the electric quantity of the storage battery through the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit to judge whether the power supply circuit needs to be switched; after receiving the data transmitted by the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit, the microcontroller determines that the power supply circuit needs to be switched, and switches the power supply circuit through the power supply switching circuit;
when the electric quantity of the storage battery is detected to be insufficient, the power supply circuit is switched to a commercial power supply circuit;
when detecting that the commercial power supply circuit has no voltage, switching the power supply circuit to a storage battery power supply circuit;
when the storage battery is detected to be sufficient in electric quantity and the voltage of the mains supply circuit is normal, the microcontroller sets the use priority for the storage battery circuit and the mains supply circuit according to the energy-saving principle, and always preferentially uses the storage battery supply circuit.
Furthermore, the solar cell panel is continuously arranged on or near the guardrails on two sides of the road through the cell panel fixing device; the solar cell panel fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a mounting plate, the fixing plate and the mounting plate are fixed on two sides of the guardrail through fasteners, and the solar cell panel is fixed on the mounting plate through the fasteners.
Furthermore, the mounting plate and the fixing frame are mounted on the outer side of the guardrail, so that the solar cell panel inclines to the outer side of the highway, and the nearest end of the solar cell panel to the highway does not exceed the vertical plane where the guardrail is located.
Further, the wind power generators comprise vertical axis wind power generators arranged at the middle green belt or at two sides of a road of the expressway or/and other types of wind power generators arranged near the expressway; the vertical axis wind driven generators are arranged in green belts in the middle of the highway or on two sides of the highway at intervals, and the other types of wind driven generators are arranged near the highway according to specific power utilization conditions.
A control method for complementary power supply for high-speed circuit electric equipment comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system is started, and all relays are in a disconnected state;
step two: the microcontroller controls the electric quantity detection circuit to work, detects whether the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is sufficient, and if so, the step III is carried out; if not, turning to the fourth step;
step three: closing the direct current relay 1, the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, disconnecting the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, supplying power to the storage battery, and performing cycle detection in the second step;
step four: the microcontroller controls the voltage detection circuit to detect whether the mains supply circuit is normal, if the voltage is normal, the step five is carried out, and if not, the step two is carried out, and the circulation detection is carried out;
step five: and closing the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, disconnecting the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, supplying power to the commercial power, and entering the circular detection in the second step.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the technical scheme supplies power to the storage battery by collecting the electric energy converted from the solar energy and the wind energy, can generate electricity efficiently, and is clean, environment-friendly and pollution-free; meanwhile, the storage battery power supply and the commercial power supply are complementary, the storage battery power supply is main, the commercial power supply is auxiliary, and the commercial power is saved to a greater extent.
(2) The vertical axis wind driven generator can generate electricity by utilizing wind rotation brought by vehicles running at high speed on a highway, and compared with a horizontal axis wind driven generator which needs to generate electricity according to weather conditions, the generating capacity is more stable.
(3) The solar energy and wind energy complementary power supply can realize the nearby power supply of the intelligent equipment on the highway, and convenience is provided for installing a large amount of infrastructure and intelligent equipment.
(4) This technical scheme supplies power for exchanging electrical equipment through wireless power supply unit, compares traditional power supply mode, and the difficult potential safety hazards such as spark, carbon deposit that produce.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the panel fixing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit for a secondary battery according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the buck carrier of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the power switching device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connections of the microcontroller of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the DC-to-DC converter circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an AC/DC converter circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an inverter bridge circuit for use with the inverter of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the wireless power supply device in the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a specific structure of the reserve tank of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a specific structure of the coil box of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic connection diagram of the wireless power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of the detailed operation of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-guardrail, 2-fastener, 3-fixing plate, 4-mounting plate, 5-fixing sheet, 6-fixing hole, 7-solar panel, 8-box, 81-box door, 82-sliding rail, 9-preformed groove, 91-rotating shaft, 92-buckle, 93-spring, 94-connecting rod, 95-pulley, 10-coil box, 101-coil, 102-magnetic core protrusion, 103-magnetic core groove, 104-wiring port and 105-manual control switch.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention that are made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation comprises solar cell panels continuously installed on guardrails on two sides of a highway and wind power generators installed on the periphery of the highway at intervals.
As shown in fig. 2, the solar cell panels are continuously installed on the guardrails by the cell panel fixing devices; the solar panel fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a mounting plate which are matched with the radian of the guardrail, the fixing plate and the mounting plate are fixed on two sides of the guardrail through fasteners, and the solar panel is fixed on the mounting plate through the fasteners. In this embodiment, the fixing holes are disposed at the four corners of the fixing plate and the mounting plate, and the second corner of the mounting plate, and the bolt is fixed by the nut after penetrating through the fixing holes. The bottom surface that is located solar cell panel is provided with the stationary blade, all is provided with the fixed orifices on stationary blade and the mounting panel to fix through bolt and nut.
The mounting panel is installed in the guardrail outside with fixed frame, makes solar cell panel slope to the highway outside, and solar cell panel is apart from the highway nearest and is no longer than the vertical plane in guardrail place.
The wind driven generators comprise vertical axis wind driven generators which are arranged in green belts in the middle of the expressway at intervals, or/and large wind driven generators which are arranged on two sides of a road; the vertical axis wind driven generators are arranged in green belts in the middle of the highway or on two sides of the highway at intervals, and the large wind driven generators are arranged near the highway according to specific power utilization conditions and requirements.
In the embodiment, the vertical axis wind driven generator is spaced at a distance of 50-100 meters; the distance between the vertical axis wind turbines can be adjusted according to different regions or power utilization requirements. The large-scale wind driven generator is arranged according to the electricity demand or the region.
The solar cell panel and the wind driven generator are connected with a storage battery for storing electric energy. The solar panel adopts 24v and 150w solar panels, and the wind driven generator adopts 24v and 300w vertical axis wind driven generator; as shown in fig. 3, the wind power generator charges the storage battery through full-band rectification and voltage reduction of the DC-DC converter, and the solar cell panel charges the storage battery through the anti-kickback diode and voltage reduction of the DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter adopts a step-down chopper circuit shown in figure 4 to reduce the voltage to 12v to charge the storage battery, wherein a thyristor is controlled to be switched on and off by a PWM (pulse-width modulation) wave output by a microcontroller.
As shown in fig. 5, the storage battery is provided with a microcontroller for detecting electric quantity and controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery; the microcontroller is connected with the anode and the cathode of the storage battery through an electric quantity detection circuit to detect the electric quantity of the storage battery; the microcontroller is connected with the storage battery power supply circuit and the charging circuit through the relay switch. When the detection circuit of the microcontroller detects that the electric quantity of the storage battery is insufficient, the electric quantity output of the storage battery power supply circuit is cut off through the relay switch; and when the microcontroller detects that the storage battery is fully charged, the power supply of the storage battery is recovered.
As shown in fig. 6, the microcontroller adopts STM32F103RCT6 to control the relays connected to the ac input terminals of the power supply switching device and the front and back of the storage battery through PA7, PB5 and PA 14. The ADC through PA1 circular telegram detects the battery power, detects mains circuit voltage through PC 0's ADC passageway, and when the electric quantity was not enough, control relay cut off output, uses the mains circuit power supply, and the battery power supply is resumeed after the electric quantity was full of.
In this embodiment, the storage battery is a 12v or 1000ah lead-acid storage battery, the storage battery capacity detection method is a load voltage method, a small resistor is connected in series in a storage battery charge-discharge loop, and the ADC is used to sample and obtain a real-time voltage drop across the small resistor to determine the capacity of the storage battery.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the power supply circuit of the storage battery and the power supply circuit of the commercial power are connected to the input end of the power switching device, and the output end of the power switching device is connected to the dc electrical appliance and the ac electrical appliance respectively to supply power to the electrical appliances. The power supply switching devices are arranged on two sides of the highway at intervals, and the number of the power supply switching devices can be set according to actual requirements.
The power supply switching device is provided with a voltage detection circuit and a switching circuit for detecting voltage, the microcontroller is connected with a mains supply circuit through the voltage detection circuit, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a power supply circuit of the mains supply through the power supply switching circuit.
The power supply switching circuit adopts a plurality of relay switches, the relay switches are connected in a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a power supply circuit of the commercial power, the signal input ends of the relay switches are connected with the microcontroller, and the relay switches are disconnected or closed through signals of the microcontroller.
The microcontroller detects the voltage of the mains supply circuit and the electric quantity of the storage battery through the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit to judge whether the power supply circuit needs to be switched; after receiving the data transmitted by the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit, the microcontroller determines that the power supply circuit needs to be switched, and switches the power supply circuit through the power supply switching circuit; as shown in fig. 6, the microcontroller samples and calculates the voltage of the mains supply circuit through an ADC channel of the PC0, samples and calculates the electric quantity of the battery through the PA1, receives the sampled data, determines whether to perform circuit switching, and controls the relay connected to the battery circuit and the mains supply circuit through the PA14 and the PB5 to realize circuit switching. Microcontroller passes through relay switch and is connected with the supply circuit and the commercial power supply circuit of battery, voltage detection circuit when detecting that battery electric quantity is sufficient, commercial power circuit voltage is normal, microcontroller prefers for use the supply circuit of battery.
When the electric quantity of the storage battery is detected to be insufficient, the power supply circuit is switched to a commercial power supply circuit;
when detecting that the commercial power supply circuit has no voltage, switching the power supply circuit to a storage battery power supply circuit;
when the electric quantity of the storage battery is sufficient and the voltage of the commercial power supply circuit is normal, the microcontroller sets the use priority for the storage battery circuit and the commercial power circuit according to the energy-saving principle, and always preferentially uses the storage battery supply circuit.
When the microcontroller is programmed, the setting of the priority can be realized by coding each relay, and when a plurality of circuits supply power simultaneously, the corresponding relays are selected to be started according to the priority, so that the storage battery power supply circuit supplies power. (this is prior art and not much described here).
As shown in fig. 5, the power supply circuit of the storage battery is connected with the dc input end of the power switching device through a relay, and the commercial power supply circuit is connected with the ac input end of the power switching device through an ac relay; a voltage converter is connected between the alternating current relay and the power supply switching device, converts the voltage into 5V voltage and outputs the voltage to supply power to power supply equipment; as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
A rectifying circuit for converting the commercial power supply into direct current is connected between the power supply switching device and the direct current electric appliance; an inverter for converting the storage battery power supply into alternating current is connected between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device; an alternating current relay directly connected with commercial power is arranged between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device; a voltage division circuit and a voltage conversion circuit for adjusting voltage are arranged between the power supply switching device and the output end of the power supply switching device; an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit used by the rectifier is shown in fig. 8; the inverter uses an inverter bridge circuit as shown in fig. 9, in which thyristors are switched on and off by a microcontroller.
The rectifier is directly connected with the direct current electric appliance through a wire; the inverter is directly connected with the alternating current electric appliance through a wire, or the inverter is connected with the alternating current electric appliance through a wireless power supply device; or the inverter is connected with the alternating current electric appliance through other connecting equipment. A plurality of interfaces used for being connected with the direct current electrical appliance are arranged between the rectifier and the direct current electrical appliance, and a plurality of interfaces used for being connected with the alternating current electrical appliance are arranged between the inverter or the wireless power supply device or other connecting equipment and the alternating current electrical appliance; it is convenient to supply power to a plurality of power supply devices. And a manual switch and an automatic switch are installed between each interface and the electric equipment, the manual switch is convenient to install and maintain, and the automatic switch is convenient to start power supply at fixed points.
As shown in fig. 10-11, the wireless power supply device includes a box body, and a plurality of pre-grooves fixedly or movably installed inside the box body, wherein the pre-grooves are made of soft magnetic shielding material; the clamping of preformed groove has the coil box, and the both sides of preformed groove are connected with the buckle through the pivot, fixedly connected with spring between the inside wall of buckle and preformed groove both sides, and when the coil box inserted in the preformed groove, the coil box received the extrusion of the buckle and the spring of both sides, fixed it.
As shown in fig. 12, the coil box inside the box body includes a primary coil and a secondary coil which are used in a matched manner in pairs, and the primary coil and the secondary coil are provided with a magnetic core protrusion and a magnetic core groove in a matched manner, and are integrally installed through the magnetic core protrusion and the magnetic core groove.
The side surface of the coil box exposed outside is provided with an interface connected with a lead and a manual control switch used for controlling the communication of an internal circuit; the switch is pressed to work. The primary coil box and the secondary coil box can be combined for use through connection of the wires and the interfaces according to different power utilization requirements.
As shown in fig. 13, when the pre-groove is movably installed inside the box body; sliding rails are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the box body, connecting rods are arranged on the two sides of the reserved groove, and pulleys matched with the sliding rails are mounted on the connecting rods; the preformed groove is arranged in the slide rail through a pulley and can move along the direction of the slide rail.
A coil box in the wireless power supply device uses a separable transformer and utilizes the electromagnetic induction principle to transmit power. When the primary coil is electrified with alternating current, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the magnetic core, and the alternating magnetic field enables the secondary coil to generate induced electromotive force so as to realize power supply. Because the separable transformer combination has an air gap and large leakage magnetic flux, the magnetic core can be a magnetic core with large power transmission and good shielding magnetic effect, such as a PM magnetic core.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 14, a method for controlling a power supply device for complementary power supply to an electric device for a high-speed circuit includes the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system is started, and all relays are in a disconnected state;
step two: the microcontroller controls the electric quantity detection circuit to work, detects whether the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is sufficient, and if so, the step III is carried out; if not, turning to the fourth step;
step three: closing the direct current relay 1, the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, disconnecting the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, supplying power to the storage battery, and performing cycle detection in the second step;
step four: the microcontroller controls the voltage detection circuit to detect whether the commercial power circuit is normal, if the voltage is normal, the step five is carried out, and if not, the step two is carried out to enter the circular detection;
step five: and closing the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, disconnecting the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, supplying power to the commercial power, and entering the circular detection in the step two.
Claims (10)
1. A complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation comprises a solar cell panel and a wind driven generator which are arranged on an expressway or on the periphery of the expressway, wherein the solar cell panel and the wind driven generator are connected with a storage battery for storing electric energy; the method is characterized in that:
the storage battery is provided with a microcontroller for detecting electric quantity and controlling charging and discharging of the storage battery, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery; a plurality of small resistors and ADC sampling circuits are connected in series in a loop of the storage battery for detecting electric quantity, and real-time voltage drop on the small resistors is obtained by ADC sampling to judge the electric quantity of the storage battery; the power supply circuit of the storage battery and the power supply circuit of the commercial power are connected with the input end of the power supply switching device, and the output end of the power supply switching device is connected with the direct current electric appliance and the alternating current electric appliance to supply power to the electric appliance; an inverter for converting the storage battery power supply into alternating current is connected between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device;
the wireless power supply device comprises a box body and a plurality of reserved grooves fixedly or movably arranged in the box body, wherein coil boxes are connected in the reserved grooves in a clamping mode and comprise primary coils and secondary coils which are matched with each other in pairs, and magnetic core protrusions and magnetic core grooves are arranged on the primary coils and the secondary coils in a matching mode and are installed into a whole through the magnetic core protrusions and the magnetic core grooves; the side face of the coil box exposed out is provided with an interface connected with a lead and a manual control switch used for controlling the communication of an internal circuit; the switch is pressed to work;
when the preformed groove is movably arranged in the box body, the inner walls of two sides of the box body are provided with slide rails, two sides of the preformed groove are provided with connecting rods, and the connecting rods are provided with pulleys matched with the slide rails; the preformed groove is arranged in the slide rail through a pulley and can move along the direction of the slide rail.
2. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the microcontroller is connected with the anode and the cathode of the storage battery through an electric quantity detection circuit to detect the electric quantity of the storage battery; the microcontroller is connected with the storage battery power supply circuit and the charging circuit through the relay switch; when the microcontroller detects that the electric quantity of the storage battery is insufficient, the electric quantity output of the storage battery power supply circuit is cut off and the electric quantity input of the charging circuit is started through the relay switch; and when the microcontroller detects that the storage battery is fully charged, the power supply is recovered.
3. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply circuit of the storage battery is connected with the direct current input end of the power supply switching device, and the commercial power supply circuit is connected with the alternating current input end of the power supply switching device; a rectifying circuit for converting the commercial power supply into direct current is connected between the power supply switching device and the direct current electric appliance; an alternating current relay directly connected with commercial power is arranged between the power supply switching device and the wireless power supply device; and a voltage division circuit and a voltage conversion circuit for adjusting voltage are arranged between the power supply switching device and the output end of the power supply switching device.
4. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the coil box is provided with an interface connected with a wire and a manual control switch used for controlling the communication of an internal circuit; the primary coil box and the secondary coil box can be combined for use through connection of the wires and the interfaces according to different power utilization requirements.
5. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the reserved groove in the box body is made of soft magnetic shielding materials.
6. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the both sides of reservation groove are connected with the buckle through the pivot, fixedly connected with spring between the inside wall of buckle and reservation groove both sides, and when the coil box inserted in the reservation groove, the coil box received the extrusion of the buckle and the spring of both sides, fixed it.
7. A complementary power supply device based on solar and wind power generation according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the power supply switching device is provided with a voltage detection circuit and a switching circuit for detecting voltage, the microcontroller is connected with a mains supply circuit through the voltage detection circuit, and the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a power supply circuit of the mains supply through the power supply switching circuit.
8. A complementary power supply device based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 7, characterized in that: the microcontroller is connected with a power supply circuit of the storage battery and a mains supply circuit through a relay switch, and when the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage of the mains supply circuit is normal and the electric quantity detection circuit detects that the electric quantity is sufficient, the microcontroller preferentially selects the power supply circuit of the storage battery;
the microcontroller detects the voltage of the mains supply circuit and the electric quantity of the storage battery through the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit to judge whether the power supply circuit needs to be switched; after receiving the data transmitted by the voltage detection circuit and the electric quantity detection circuit, the microcontroller determines that the power supply circuit needs to be switched, and switches the power supply circuit through the power supply switching circuit;
when the electric quantity of the storage battery is detected to be insufficient, the power supply circuit is switched to a commercial power supply circuit;
when detecting that the commercial power supply circuit has no voltage, switching the power supply circuit to a storage battery power supply circuit;
when the storage battery is detected to be sufficient in electric quantity and the voltage of the mains supply circuit is normal, the microcontroller sets the use priority for the storage battery circuit and the mains supply circuit according to the energy-saving principle, and always preferentially uses the storage battery supply circuit.
9. A complementary power supply apparatus based on solar and wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein: the solar cell panel is continuously arranged on or near the guardrails on two sides of the road through the cell panel fixing device; the solar panel fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a mounting plate, the fixing plate and the mounting plate are fixed on two sides of the guardrail through fasteners, and the solar panel is fixed on the mounting plate through the fasteners.
10. A control method for complementary power supply for power equipment of a highway, wherein the complementary power supply device based on solar energy and wind energy power generation is characterized in that according to any one of claims 1-6 and 8-9: the control method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system is started, and all relays are in a disconnected state;
step two: the microcontroller controls the electric quantity detection circuit to work, detects whether the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is sufficient, and if so, the step III is carried out; if not, turning to the fourth step;
step three: closing the direct current relay 1, the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, disconnecting the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, supplying power to the storage battery, and performing circular detection in the second step;
step four: the microcontroller controls the voltage detection circuit to detect whether the mains supply circuit is normal, if the voltage is normal, the step five is carried out, and if not, the step two is carried out, and the circulation detection is carried out;
and step five, closing the alternating current relay 1 and the alternating current relay 2, disconnecting the direct current relay 2 and the direct current relay 3, supplying mains supply, and entering the circular detection in step two.
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Application publication date: 20201013 Assignee: Shenzhen Spark Automation Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2023980050243 Denomination of invention: A complementary power supply device based on solar and wind power generation and its control method Granted publication date: 20220517 License type: Common License Record date: 20231207 |