JP6316193B2 - 乳がんの治療に使用されるフィトカンナビノイド - Google Patents
乳がんの治療に使用されるフィトカンナビノイド Download PDFInfo
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- JP6316193B2 JP6316193B2 JP2014536325A JP2014536325A JP6316193B2 JP 6316193 B2 JP6316193 B2 JP 6316193B2 JP 2014536325 A JP2014536325 A JP 2014536325A JP 2014536325 A JP2014536325 A JP 2014536325A JP 6316193 B2 JP6316193 B2 JP 6316193B2
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Description
HED=動物用量(mg/kg)×(動物のKm/ヒトのKm)
マウスのKmは3であり、ヒトのKmは37である。
図1:
ヒト起源の種々の乳がん細胞株における、ウエスタンブロット法によって決定される(A)Her2並びに(B)CB1受容体及びCB2受容体の発現。MDA−MB−231細胞及びMCF−7細胞をHer2陰性対照として使用した。U373−MG細胞及びジャーカット細胞を、それぞれCB1受容体発現及びCB2受容体発現の陽性対照として使用した。(C)2μMのSR144528(SR)を含む又は含まない6μM(BT474)又は3μM(SkBr3)のTHCに応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定されるBT474細胞及びSkBr3細胞の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。ビヒクル処理細胞に対して、*p<0.05、**p<0.01;THC処理細胞に対して、#p<0.05。
THC又はCBDの濃度の増大に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定されるSkBr3細胞(左パネル)及びBT474細胞(右パネル)の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n=3。
単独の又は組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの指示濃度に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定されるBT474細胞の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n=3。
CalcuSyn v2.0ソフトウェアを用いて算出される、BT474細胞における50%、75%及び90%の細胞死のアイソボログラム。n=3。
皮下異種移植片をBT474細胞から作製し、動物を図に示されるように処理した。グラフは平均腫瘍体積を表す。
皮下異種移植片をBT474細胞から作製し、動物を指示薬剤で経口処理した。グラフは平均腫瘍体積を表す。
皮下異種移植片をBT474細胞から作製し、動物を指示薬剤で経口又はIP処理した。グラフは平均腫瘍体積を表す。
単独の又は指示比率で組み合わせたTHC又はCBDに応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定されるBT474細胞の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n=4。組合せについては、最終カンナビノイド濃度をX軸に示す。例えば、最終濃度1μMに対応する一連のバーでは、1:10の比率でチャレンジした細胞には0.09μMのTHC及び0.91μMのCBDを与えた。
THC(左パネル)又はCBD(右パネル)の濃度の増大に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定される指示細胞(詳細については方法のセクションを参照されたい)の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n=3。
THC(左パネル)又はCBD(右パネル)の濃度の増大に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定される指示細胞の72時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n=3。
単独の又は組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの指示濃度に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定されるMDA−MB−231細胞の48時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n>3。
CalcuSyn v2.0ソフトウェアを用いて算出される、MDA−MB−231細胞における有効量50(ED50)、有効量75(ED75)及び有効量90(ED90)についてのアイソボログラム。有効量Xは、X%の細胞死を誘導するカンナビノイド濃度と定義される。対応するEDについて得られた併用指数(CI)の値を示す。n>3。
単独の又は組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの指示濃度に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定される、がん遺伝子Her2を安定に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞の48時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n>3。
CalcuSyn v2.0ソフトウェアを用いて算出される、Her2を安定に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞における有効量50(ED50)、有効量75(ED75)及び有効量90(ED90)についてのアイソボログラム。有効量Xは、X%の細胞死を誘導するカンナビノイド濃度と定義される。対応するEDについて得られた併用指数(CI)の値を示す。n>3。
単独の又は組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの指示濃度に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定される、Her2を安定に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞のトラスツズマブ抵抗性クローンの48時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n>3。
CalcuSyn v2.0ソフトウェアを用いて算出される、Her2を安定に過剰発現するトラスツズマブ抵抗性MDA−MB−231細胞のクローンにおける有効量50(ED50)、有効量75(ED75)及び有効量90(ED90)についてのアイソボログラム。有効量Xは、X%の細胞死を誘導するカンナビノイド濃度と定義される。対応するEDについて得られた併用指数(CI)の値を示す。n>3。
単独の又は組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの指示濃度に応答した、MTT比色試験によって決定される、Her2を安定に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞の高度に転移性のクローンの48時間の生存度。データは、100%に設定したビヒクル処理細胞に対する%として表す。n>3。
CalcuSyn v2.0ソフトウェアを用いて算出される、Her2を安定に過剰発現する高度に転移性のMDA−MB−231細胞のクローンにおける有効量50(ED50)、有効量75(ED75)及び有効量90(ED90)についてのアイソボログラム。有効量Xは、X%の細胞死を誘導するカンナビノイド濃度と定義される。対応するEDについて得られた併用指数(CI)の値を示す。n>3。
材料及び方法
2つの異なるHer2陽性ヒト乳がん細胞株(SkBr3及びBT474)の生存度に対する、単独の及び組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの効果を試験した。
細胞株BT474及びSkBr3は初めに、Her2(図1A)及びCB2受容体(図1B)を発現すること、並びに細胞株の生存度がTHCへの曝露によって低下すること(図1C)、並びにこの効果がCB2選択的なアンタゴニストSR144528によって妨げられるため、CB2受容体の活性化によって媒介されること(図1C)が実証された。
この結果は、低用量のTHCとCBDとの組合せが、ヒトHer2陽性乳がん細胞において有意な抗増殖効果を有することを実証する。
材料及び方法
異所性異種移植片を、5×106個のヒトBT474細胞(Her2陽性ヒト乳がん細胞)の皮下注射によって作製した。動物を11個の実験群に分け(8動物/群)、腫瘍が200mm3に達した時点で、4週間にわたって以下の表2.1に詳述されるように処理した。
THCの経口投与は、腫瘍成長を有意に低減し、興味深いことに、この投与経路はIP投与よりも有効であった(図5)。
これらのデータから、ヒトHer2陽性がん細胞がin vivoでフィトカンナビノイドに感受性を有することが実証される。実際に、THCとCBDとの組合せは、標準的治療のトラスツズマブよりも有効であり、進行型の乳がんの治療におけるこれらのカンナビノイドの積極的な適用につながる。
CBDは乳がんにおいて顕著な抗腫瘍特性を有することが示されている。この化合物が非常に安全なプロファイルを有することから、併用治療において精神活性化合物THCの割合を減少させることができるかを決定するために実験を行った。
BT474細胞の生存度に対する、単独の及び種々の比率で組み合わせたTHC及びCBDの効果を調査した。
これらのデータから、THCの割合が1:10と低いTHCとCBDとの組合せが、細胞生存度を低下させるのに1:1の比率のものより有効であったことが示される(図8)。
ヒトHer2陽性がん細胞は、細胞培養物及びin vivoの両方においてフィトカンナビノイドに感受性を有する。THCの比率を1:10(THC:CBD)まで低下させることが、カンナビノイドの組合せの有効性においていかなる差異も生じなかったことは注目に値する。
材料及び方法
Her2を異所的に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞(231−Her2)、231−Her2の高転移型(231−Met)、及び3つの異なるトラスツズマブ抵抗性の231−Her2由来細胞株(TrR1、TrR2及びTrR3)という、一連のHer2陽性ヒト乳がん細胞株の生存度に対するTHC及びCBDの効果を試験した。
図9に示されるように、高度に転移性の231−Her2細胞株の生存度は、THC又はCBDの濃度の増大に応答して低下し、IC50値は両方の化合物で実質的に同一であった。
まとめると、これらの結果から、これらの細胞が何らかの分子変化を受け、極めて進行性(高度に転移性又はトラスツズマブ抵抗性)となったとしても、フィトカンナビノイドは依然として、これらの細胞の生存度及び転移能力を低下させるのに有効な作用物質であることが示唆される。
材料及び方法
先の実施例から、1:9のTHC:CBDが、in vitroでのBT474細胞の生存度を低下させるのに1:1の比率のものと同じくらい有効であることが実証される。in vivoでのBT474細胞における1:9のTHC:CBDの組合せの効果を実証するこのデータは本実施例において提示される。加えて、トラスツズマブ抵抗性及び高度に転移性の、Her2を過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞に対するかかる組合せのin vitroでの効果も実証される。
F MDA−MB−231 トリプルネガティブ(Her2を過剰発現しない)ヒト乳がん細胞株
231−Her2 Her2を安定に過剰発現するMDA−MB−231細胞
231−Her2−Met 高度に転移性の231−Her2由来細胞株
231−Her2−TrR トラスツズマブ抵抗性の231−Her2由来細胞株
先の実施例から、THCが総カンナビノイド濃度の僅か10分の1に過ぎないTHC:CBDの組合せが、がん遺伝子Her2を天然に過剰発現するヒト乳がん細胞(BT474細胞)の生存度を低減するのに、1:1の比率のものと同じくらい有効であることが実証された。
これらのデータから、MDA−MB−231細胞及び231−Her2細胞がTHC及びCBD単独に対して等しく感受性を有すること、1:1のTHC:CBDの組合せが231細胞及び231−Her2細胞に対してin vitroで相加的効果を有すること、並びに1:9のTHC:CBDの組合せが、細胞生存度を低下させるのに1:1の組合せと同じように有効であることが実証される。
Claims (6)
- Her2遺伝子の過剰発現を特徴とする進行性乳がんの治療に使用されるための医薬組成物であって、
カンナビジオール(CBD)を含有し、且つテトラヒドロカンナビノール(THC)を含有しない、医薬組成物。 - 前記CBDが植物性薬剤物質(BDS)の形態である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記CBDが1mg〜2000mgの近似量で存在する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 非カンナビノイド化学療法剤を更に含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記非カンナビノイド化学療法剤がモノクローナル抗体である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記非カンナビノイド化学療法剤がトラスツズマブである、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
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