JP6312956B1 - 直流送電システムおよびそれに用いられるdc/dc変換器 - Google Patents
直流送電システムおよびそれに用いられるdc/dc変換器 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
- F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態1に従う直流送電システム100の概略図である。図1を参照して、直流送電システム100は、たとえば洋上や山上に配置された風力発電設備10で発電された交流電力を直流電力に変換し、直流電力の状態で送電して直流負荷を含む直流配電系統20に直流電力を供給する。また、直流送電システム100は、送電された直流電力を交流電力に変換し、交流配電系統30へ交流電力を供給する。
上記の実施の形態1においては、直流系統に2台のDC/DC変換器が連系した構成を有する直流送電システムの例について説明した。本実施の形態2においては、直流系統に1台の自励式のDC/DC変換器を有する直流送電システムの例について説明する。
実施の形態1及び実施の形態2の自励式DC/DC変換器を有する直流送電システムにおいては、定常送電中に交流配電系統等に異常が生じてDC/AC変換器が停止した場合に、直流系統電圧を安定化し、配電系統への送電を継続する例について説明した。
Claims (15)
- 発電機で発電された交流電力を直流電力を用いて交流配電系統および直流配電系統に送電する直流送電システムであって、
前記発電機からの交流電力を直流電力に変換するAC/DC変換器と、
前記AC/DC変換器で変換された第1電圧を有する直流電力を第2電圧の直流電力に変換するDC/DC変換器と、
前記DC/DC変換器で変換された直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流配電系統へ出力するDC/AC変換器とを備え、
前記DC/DC変換器で変換された直流電力は、前記直流配電系統にも送電され、
前記DC/DC変換器は、前記第2電圧が変動した場合に、前記第2電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧を制御する、直流送電システム。 - 前記DC/DC変換器は、前記第2電圧がしきい値以上になった場合に、前記第1電圧の指令値を低下させることによって、前記DC/DC変換器に流入する電力量を低減する、請求項1に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記DC/DC変換器は、前記DC/DC変換器の入出力電力量の差分に応じて、前記第1電圧の指令値を補正する、請求項2に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記DC/DC変換器は、前記第2電圧についての指令値と検出値との差分に相当する補正量を、前記DC/DC変換器の制御量に加えることによって前記第2電圧の変動を低減する、請求項3に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記AC/DC変換器は、前記AC/DC変換器に流れる電流を制限する電流制限回路を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記DC/AC変換器は、前記第2電圧の変動に応答して前記第2電圧を制御し、
前記DC/DC変換器は、前記第1電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧を制御する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の直流送電システム。 - 前記DC/DC変換器は、
複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記第1電圧の直流電力を受けて交流電力に変換する第1変換部と、前記第1変換部からの交流電力を転送する変圧器と、複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記変圧器で転送された交流電力を受けて前記第2電圧の直流電圧に変換する第2変換部と、パルス信号を用いて前記第1変換部および前記第2変換部を制御する制御部とを含み、
前記制御部は、前記第2変換部のパルス信号と前記第1変換部のパルス信号との間の位相角を調整することによって、前記第1電圧と前記第2電圧との間の電圧比を制御する、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の直流送電システム。 - 前記DC/DC変換器は、前記第1電圧の指令値を補正して前記第1電圧を制御している間に前記第2電圧が前記DC/DC変換器の二次側定格電圧以下になった場合には、前記第1電圧の指令値を前記DC/DC変換器の一次側定格電圧に設定するとともに、前記第1電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧を制御する、請求項3または4に記載の直流送電システム。
- 発電機で発電された交流電力を直流電力を用いて交流配電系統および直流配電系統に送電する直流送電システムであって、
前記発電機からの交流電力を直流電力に変換するAC/DC変換器と、
前記AC/DC変換器で変換された第1電圧を有する直流電力を第2電圧の直流電力に変換する第1のDC/DC変換器と、
前記第1のDC/DC変換器で変換された前記第2電圧の直流電力を第3電圧の直流電力に変換する第2のDC/DC変換器と、
前記第2のDC/DC変換器で変換された直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記交流配電系統へ出力するDC/AC変換器とを備え、
前記第2のDC/DC変換器で変換された直流電力は、前記直流配電系統にも送電され、
前記第3電圧が変動した場合に、
前記第2のDC/DC変換器は、前記第3電圧の変動に応答して前記第3電圧を制御し、
前記第1のDC/DC変換器は、前記第2電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧を制御する、直流送電システム。 - 前記第2のDC/DC変換器は、前記第3電圧がしきい値以上になった場合に、前記第2電圧についての指令値と検出値との差分に応じて前記第3電圧の指令値を補正する、請求項9に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記第1のDC/DC変換器は、前記第2電圧が基準値以上になった場合に、前記第1のDC/DC変換器の入出力電力の差分に応じて、前記第1電圧の指令値を低下させることによって、前記第1のDC/DC変換器に流入する電力を低減する、請求項9または10に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記第2のDC/DC変換器は、前記第3電圧を制御している間に、前記第3電圧と補正された前記第3電圧の指令値との差分が基準差分値以上となり、さらに前記第2のDC/DC変換器の出力電流が基準電流値以下となった場合に、前記第2電圧の変動に応答して前記第2電圧を制御する、請求項9〜11のいずれか1項に記載の直流送電システム。
- 前記第1のDC/DC変換器は、前記第1電圧を制御している間に、前記第2電圧が前記第1のDC/DC変換器の二次側定格電圧以下になると、前記第1電圧の指令値を前記第1のDC/DC変換器の一次側定格電圧に設定するとともに、前記第1電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧を制御する、請求項9〜12のいずれか1項に記載の直流送電システム。
- 発電機からの交流電力を直流電力に変換するAC/DC変換器と、直流電力を交流電力に変換して交流配電系統へ出力するDC/AC変換器との間に接続されるDC/DC変換器であって、
複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記AC/DC変換器から出力される第1電圧の直流電力を受けて交流電力に変換する第1変換部と、
前記第1変換部からの交流電力を転送する変圧器と、
複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記変圧器で転送された交流電力を受けて第2電圧の直流電圧に変換して前記DC/AC変換器に出力する第2変換部と、
パルス信号を用いて前記第1変換部および前記第2変換部を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記第2変換部のパルス信号と前記第1変換部のゲートパルス信号との間の位相角を調整することによって、前記第1電圧と前記第2電圧との間の電圧比を制御し、
前記制御部は、前記第2電圧の変動に応答して前記第1電圧の指令値を補正するとともに、補正した前記第1電圧の指令値に前記第1電圧が従うように前記位相角を制御する、DC/DC変換器。 - 発電機からの交流電力を直流電力に変換するAC/DC変換器と、直流電力を交流電力に変換して交流配電系統へ出力するDC/AC変換器との間に接続されるDC/DC変換器であって、
複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記AC/DC変換器から出力される第1電圧の直流電力を受けて交流電力に変換する第1変換部と、
前記第1変換部からの交流電力を転送する変圧器と、
複数の半導体スイッチング素子を含み、前記変圧器で転送された交流電力を受けて第2電圧の直流電圧に変換して前記DC/AC変換器に出力する第2変換部と、
パルス信号を用いて前記第1変換部および前記第2変換部を制御する制御部とを備え、
前記制御部は、前記第2変換部のパルス信号と前記第1変換部のゲートパルス信号との間の位相角を調整することによって、前記第1電圧と前記第2電圧との間の電圧比を制御し、
前記制御部は、前記第2電圧の変動を検出すると、前記第1電圧についての検出値と指令値との差分に応じて前記第2電圧の指令値を補正するとともに、補正した前記第2電圧の指令値に前記第2電圧が従うように前記位相角を制御する、DC/DC変換器。
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JP2012065511A (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-29 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Dc/dcコンバータ |
JP2015006066A (ja) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-01-08 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | 直流昇圧変換器、制御方法及びコンバータ部制御装置 |
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JP2017011911A (ja) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ウィンドファーム制御装置,ウィンドファーム及びウィンドファーム制御方法 |
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