JP6292185B2 - 繊維積層体、繊維積層体の製造方法、及び繊維強化複合材 - Google Patents
繊維積層体、繊維積層体の製造方法、及び繊維強化複合材 Download PDFInfo
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Description
また、繊維積層体の製造方法について、前記ローラ部の下流側で前記ウェブの幅を規制部材で規制する。
また、上記問題点を解決するための繊維強化複合材は、繊維製の強化基材にマトリックス樹脂を含浸させてなる繊維強化複合材であって、前記強化基材が請求項1に記載の繊維積層体である。
図1に示すように、繊維強化複合材Mは、強化基材としての繊維積層体Wにマトリックス樹脂Maを含浸させて形成されたものである。繊維積層体Wは、4枚の繊維層11〜14を積み重ねて構成されている。以下、4枚の繊維層11〜14について、繊維積層体Wの最下層を構成する繊維層を第1の繊維層11とし、最下層の第1の繊維層11上に積み重ねられた繊維層を第2の繊維層12とする。また、第2の繊維層12の上に積み重ねられた繊維層を第3の繊維層13とし、この第3の繊維層13上に積み重ねられ、かつ繊維積層体Wの最上層を構成する繊維層を第4の繊維層14とする。
まず、第4の繊維層14の製造方法について説明する。図5(a)に示すように、第4の繊維層14は、非連続繊維からなる幅広の繊維束(以下、ウェブと記載する)をウェブドラフタ50で引き延ばして形成されている。ウェブドラフタ50は、ウェブ40から製造された繊維層を搬送する搬送コンベア55と、ウェブ40を引き延ばす(ドラフトする)ローラ部51と、ローラ部51で引き延ばされたウェブ40を搬送コンベア55に向けてガイドするガイドローラ53と、ローラ部51の下流側でウェブ40の幅を規制する規制部材60と、を備える。ウェブドラフタ50では、ウェブ40はローラ部51を通過した後、規制部材60を通過し、その後、ガイドローラ53によって搬送コンベア55に送り出される。ウェブドラフタ50において、ウェブ40の流れる方向を流通方向Xとする。
図5(a)又は図5(b)に示すように、規制部材60は、ウェブ40の幅方向両端に位置する矩形板状のガイド61を備え、一対のガイド61には、第1ローラ62及び第2ローラ63が回転可能に支持されている。各ガイド61は、長手方向に延びるガイド溝61aを備える。
図6に示すように、ウェブドラフタ70は、ウェブ40の長手方向に沿って配置される第1ローラ組71と第2ローラ組72をそれぞれ複数備えたローラ部51を有する。第1ローラ組71は、第1の繊維層11の厚み変化部23を製造し、第2ローラ組72は、第1の繊維層11の厚み非変化部24a,24bを製造する。
(1)繊維積層体Wは、長手方向に沿って厚みが連続的に変化するテーパ部W1を備える。このテーパ部W1は、第1〜第4の繊維層11〜14の厚み変化部23が積み重なって形成されている。厚み変化部23同士は、厚みが連続的に変化しながらも繊維の密度が同じであり、厚みの変化量も同じである。したがって、厚みが変化するテーパ部W1であっても、長手方向に沿って繊維層の積層枚数が変わらず、繊維配向も同じである。よって、繊維積層体Wのテーパ部W1では賦形性や強度といった物性のばらつきを抑えることができる。
○ 実施形態では、第1〜第4の繊維層11〜14において、非連続繊維10の配向角度を全て異ならせたが、4枚のうち、2枚又は3枚の繊維層同士の間で非連続繊維10の配向角度が異なっていてもよい。
○ 繊維積層体Wは、疑似等方性を有していなくてもよい。
○ 実施形態では、繊維積層体Wの長手方向に沿って第1端部21側から第2端部22側に向かうに従いテーパ部W1の厚みが連続的に増すように構成したが、これに限らず、繊維積層体Wの長手方向に沿って第1端部21側から第2端部22側に向かうに従いテーパ部W1の厚みが連続的に減るように構成してもよい。
○ 第1〜第4の繊維層11〜14において、厚み変化部23はウェブドラフタ50,70でウェブ40を引き延ばして製造せず、厚み変化部23を他の方法で製造してもよい。例えば、繊維層の長手方向に沿って厚みが一定のベースに対し、別体の繊維シート等を接合して厚みを連続的に変化させてもよい。この場合、繊維シートにおいて、繊維層の長手方向に沿って繊維の密度が一定となるようにする。
(イ)前記所定の方向に沿って前記繊維層の厚みが変化しない定厚部を備える繊維積層体。
Claims (4)
- 所定の方向に沿って連続的に厚みが変化したテーパ部を少なくとも一部に備えるとともに、複数の繊維層を積み重ねて構成された繊維積層体であって、
前記繊維層は非連続繊維からなり、かつ該非連続繊維の配向角度を一方向に揃えて構成されており、
積み重ねられた前記複数の繊維層のうちの少なくとも2つの繊維層については前記非連続繊維の配向角度が異なり、
前記複数の繊維層のそれぞれは、前記繊維積層体での前記所定の方向に沿って密度が一定のまま連続的に厚みの変化した厚み変化部を備え、
前記テーパ部は、前記厚み変化部が積み重なって構成されるとともに該厚み変化部同士において前記所定の方向に沿った厚みの変化量が同じであることを特徴とする繊維積層体。 - 所定の方向に沿って連続的に厚みが変化したテーパ部を少なくとも一部に備えるとともに、複数の繊維層を積み重ねて構成された繊維積層体の製造方法であって、
前記繊維層は非連続繊維からなり、かつ該非連続繊維の配向角度を一方向に揃えて構成されており、
積み重ねられた前記複数の繊維層のうちの少なくとも2つの繊維層については前記非連続繊維の配向角度が異なり、
前記繊維層は、前記非連続繊維からなるウェブを、複数のローラ群からなるローラ部を有するウェブドラフタによって引き延ばして製造され、
前記所定の方向に沿って密度が一定のまま連続的に厚みが変化するように前記ローラ群同士の周速度を相対的に異ならせ前記ローラ部のドラフト倍率を異ならせることを特徴とする繊維積層体の製造方法。 - 前記ローラ部の下流側で前記ウェブの幅を規制部材で規制する請求項2に記載の繊維積層体の製造方法。
- 繊維製の強化基材にマトリックス樹脂を含浸させてなる繊維強化複合材であって、前記強化基材が請求項1に記載の繊維積層体であることを特徴とする繊維強化複合材。
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