JP6275257B2 - Compressor system for track vehicles and method of operating a compressor system with safe emergency operation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor system for a rail vehicle. The system includes a compressor that generates compressed air for at least one compressed air tank, which is driven by an electromechanical device via a drive shaft. In this case, the electromechanical device is controllable at least indirectly via the control device in order to drive the electromechanical device with at least one rated rotational speed between the maximum rotational speed and the minimum rotational speed, Furthermore, in this case, at least one pressure sensor for measuring the pressure for the control device is arranged in a compressed air conveying pipe provided downstream of the compressor. The invention further relates to a method for controlling a compressor system according to the invention.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A variety of incompatible requirements are imposed on track car compressors, such as high supply capacity, sufficient switch-on duration, small acoustic emission, low energy consumption, small installation space, and low purchasing costs. And life cycle costs are required. In this case, there are different required profiles for the compressor depending on the operating state of the track vehicle. A typical problem raised when designing a compressor is to find the best compromise between these requirements that is acceptable in all operating conditions of the track vehicle. In general, in an orbital vehicle, an electrically driven compressor is used. During the switch-on / switch-off operation, the compressor is driven at a constant rotation speed, the so-called rated rotation speed, between the lower switch-on pressure and the upper switch-off pressure. The compressor is selected for its specification so that a predetermined filling time is achieved and not less than the minimum switch-on period during operation.

  It is clear from the generally known prior art that the operation of the compressor does not differ between the various operating states of the track vehicle. In this case, the cooling system fan is placed under the same operation management system as the compressor. The reason is that the fans are generally driven together directly by a compressor.

  Furthermore, it is known that the complex structure and drive of the compressor system, which differs from the normal drive and structure, are provided with additional components, in particular electronic components, Such a component may increase the probability of failure and at least increase the vulnerability to malfunction. In other words, additional electronic components are introduced into the compressor system, so that the probability of failure that is further increased by the individual electronic components enters the compressor system together. This increases the probability of malfunction of the compressor system and the risk of failure. Since the compressor system supplies compressed air to the braking device, the tracked vehicle is typically stopped when the compressor system fails.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compressor system that can be operated energy-efficiently and with reduced acoustic emission without increasing the probability of malfunction and failure of the compressor system. And optimizing the operating method of the compressor system.

  This problem is solved by the configuration described in the characterizing portion of claim 1 on the premise of the compressor system described in the superordinate concept of claim 1. Furthermore, the above problem is solved in terms of the method by the features of claim 6. The dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments of the invention.

  According to the present invention, in order to continuously control the rotation speed of the electric machine device, the adjustment member is disposed between the power feeding device and the electric machine device, and the adjustment member is interposed via the control device. A pressure switch is disposed in a compressed air conveying line that is controllable and provided downstream of the compressor, the pressure switch monitors at least the pressure in one compressed air tank, and at least of the electromechanical device. It affects the rotational speed.

  In other words, the adjustment member is disposed upstream of the electromechanical device in the flow of electric power, that is, connected to the front stage of the electromechanical device. With this adjusting member, the electromechanical device can be driven at various rotational speeds. A frequency converter or an inverter is particularly suitable for this purpose. Depending on the frequency, the rotational speed of the electromechanical device and thus the operation of the compressor is matched. However, due to the additional electronic components for speed control, especially due to the additional sensors, cables and adjusting members, the probability of malfunction and the risk of failure of the compressor system is increased.

  A pressure switch for monitoring the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank increases the safety of this type of compressor system and provides the possibility of safe emergency operation. That is, when the pressure drops, the pressure switch can indirectly affect the rotational speed of the electromechanical device. A compressor, in particular for the purpose of increasing the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank until it reaches a predetermined upper pressure by means of a pressure switch signal that the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank has fallen below a predetermined lower pressure The compressor can be controlled so that the rotational speed of the compressor can be increased. Thus, the pressure switch has an effect on at least the speed of the compressor only when the pressure reaches a minimum pressure or an upper switch-off pressure. When the minimum pressure is reached, the speed is increased, and when the upper switch-off pressure is reached, at least the speed is reduced or the compressor is switched off. In other words, if an error occurs in the compressor system that causes the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank to reach a minimum pressure, the compressor is again in normal operation, and therefore the compressor is driven at the rated speed.

  According to one preferred embodiment, the pressure switch is connected to cooperate with the control device to indirectly influence the rotational speed of the electromechanical device. In other words, the pressure switch forwards the generated signal to the control device, which preferably matches the speed of the electromechanical device to the received signal, preferably via an embedded control algorithm.

According to yet another preferred embodiment, a circuit breaker for separating the control device and the adjusting member from the electromechanical device is arranged downstream of the adjusting member. In this case, the circuit breaker is in particular arranged between the power supply device and the electromechanical device, so that a bridge is provided both between the adjusting member and the electromechanical device and between the power supply device and the electromechanical device. It is made.

More preferably, the pressure switch is connected to a circuit breaker, and a control logic unit is disposed therebetween. The pressure switch is therefore independent of the control unit and can be driven via a control logic unit that receives signals from the pressure switch.

  Preferably, the control device at least indirectly controls a cooling unit provided downstream of the compressor and provided with a cooling fan, and at that time, the rotation speed of the cooling fan can be continuously adjusted by the control device. For this reason, an adjustment member is preferably incorporated in the cooling unit. As another option, it is conceivable to connect the adjusting member at least in front of the cooling unit. Similarly, it is conceivable that the adjustment member is provided with two control output terminals, whereby the electromechanical device and the cooling fan are controlled via one common adjustment member.

  With respect to the method, the compressor is driven at a variable speed that takes any intermediate value between the maximum speed and the minimum speed, and a pressure switch monitors the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank, and at least Indirectly, the rotational speed of the electromechanical device is affected. Since the cooling unit is not directly or indirectly connected to the compressor, the cooling unit is controlled separately, that is, the number of rotations of the cooling fan is adjusted separately. Advantageously, the compressor and the cooling fan can also be switched off.

According to yet another embodiment, the control device receives a signal from the pressure switch when the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank reaches a minimum pressure, controls the regulating member, and controls the compressor until the switch-off pressure is reached. At least at the rated speed. This makes it possible to deal with particularly faulty sensors and / or cables. That is, the control device controls the adjustment member according to the pressure switch.

According to yet another embodiment, the control logic unit receives a signal from the pressure switch when the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank reaches a minimum pressure, controls the circuit breaker, and controls the controller and adjustment member. The compressor is driven at rated speed through the circuit breaker until it is disconnected from the electromechanical device and the switch-off pressure is reached. Depending on the setting of the circuit breaker, a higher rotational speed than the rated rotational speed can be generated for the electromechanical device. For this purpose, the circuit breaker connects the electromechanical device directly with the feeding device. The control device therefore has no effect on the electromechanical device and thus on the rotational speed of the compressor. In this way, in particular, it is possible to cope with a failure or malfunction of the entire control device together with all the sensors and adjustment members provided correspondingly.

  Particularly preferably, after the pressure of the at least one compressed air tank has dropped to the minimum pressure at least twice, the electromechanical device is driven intermittently at least between the rated speed and the compressor switch-off, When the pressure drops to the minimum pressure, it is driven at least at the rated speed, and when the switch-off pressure is reached, the compressor is switched off. In other words, in order to obtain a relatively constant pressure in the at least one compressed air tank, the rotational speed of the electromechanical device, ie the rotational speed of the compressor, is no longer changed. However, it is equally conceivable to drive the compressor at the maximum speed, rather than at the rated speed, in order to allow the at least one compressed air tank to be filled more rapidly.

  Further aspects of the improvement of the invention will be described below together with a description of advantageous embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings.

The block diagram which shows the compressor system by this invention Block diagram showing a compressor system of the present invention according to a second embodiment It is a figure which shows two graphs mutually related, Comprising: The rotation speed of a compressor is shown on a time axis in the upper graph, and the pressure of a compressor is shown on a time axis in the lower graph.

Detailed Description of One Advantageous Embodiment As shown in FIG. 1, a compressor system for a track vehicle has an electromechanical device 1, which is connected via a drive shaft 2. The compressor 3 for generating compressed air is driven. The compressed air generated from the compressor 3 is supplied to the cooling unit 9 provided with the cooling fan 14 via the compressed air conveyance pipeline 6. A pressure sensor 7 and a temperature sensor 13 b are disposed in the compressed air conveyance pipe 6 downstream of the cooling unit 9. Further, the compressed air conveyance pipe line 6 communicates with the pre-separator 11, and an air treatment device 12 is disposed following the pre-separator 11. Next, the compressed air that has been dried and purified by removing particles is stored in the compressed air tank 4. Further, a pressure switch 16 is disposed in the compressed air conveying pipe 6, and this pressure switch 16 monitors the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 and indirectly acts on the rotational speeds of the electromechanical device 1 and the cooling fan 14. Effect.

The temperature sensor 13 a arranged in the compressor 3, and the temperature sensor 13 b and the pressure sensor 7 all transmit the measured temperature and the measured pressure to the control device 5. Furthermore, the control device 5 also receives signals from other sensors or train management systems not shown here via the signal input terminal 10. Furthermore, in this case, the control device 5 is suitable for controlling the rotational speed of the cooling unit 9 and also suitable for supplying a signal to the adjusting member 8. The adjusting member 8 configured as a frequency converter sets the rotational speed of the electromechanical device 1, that is, the rotational speed of the compressor 3. Further, the adjusting member 8 has two outputs, and therefore the rotational speed of the cooling fan 14 is also adjusted by the control device 5. In this case, the adjustment member 8 is disposed between the power feeding device 15 and the electromechanical device 1 in order to continuously control the rotational speed of the electromechanical device 1. In this case, the control unit 5, when the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 has reached a minimum pressure e, receives signals from the pressure switch 16, controls the adjusting member 8, a compressor 3 to reach the switch-off pressure d drive at the rated speed.

According to FIG. 2, the circuit breaker 17 for separating the control device 5 and the adjustment member 8 from the electromechanical device 1 is arranged at the rear stage of the adjustment member 8. A pressure switch 16 is connected to the circuit breaker 17, and a control logic unit 18 is disposed therebetween. In this case, when the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 reaches the minimum pressure e, the control logic unit 18 receives a signal from the pressure switch 16 and controls the circuit breaker 17 to connect the control device 5 and the adjusting member 8 to the electric machine. Separate from device 1. Thereafter, the compressor 3 is driven at the rated rotational speed n through the circuit breaker 17 until the switch-off pressure d is reached.

  FIG. 3 shows a graph showing the above-described transition when the pressure drop is measured in the compressed air tank 4 by the pressure switch 16. In the region a, the compressor 3 is driven at a rotational speed between the minimum rotational speed i and the rated rotational speed n, and in this case, the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 is maintained within a predetermined range. Therefore, the compressor 3 is in a controlled operation in the region a. The number of revolutions is variable and depends on the situation.

  In the region b, the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 drops, and the rotation speed of the compressor 3 naturally decreases. In other words, in region b, an error occurs during the controlled operation, so that the pressure drop is measured.

When the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 reaches the minimum pressure e, the pressure switch 16 responds, and in the region c, the rotational speed of the electromechanical device 1 is extended indirectly via the circuit breaker 17 or the adjusting member 8. The rotational speed of the compressor 3 is increased to the rated rotational speed n. Accordingly, the response of the pressure switch 16 is generated in the region c, whereby the operation is switched from the control operation to the non-control operation. An uncontrolled operation has two states. One is driving the compressor 3 at the rated speed n, and the other is switching off the compressor 3. The cooling fan 14 not shown here is also driven in the same manner as the compressor 3 is driven.

  When the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 reaches the switch-off pressure d, the compressor 3 is switched off and is first driven again between the minimum speed i and the rated speed n, whereby the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 is increased. Is maintained within a predetermined range.

  The invention is not limited to the advantageous embodiments described above, but variants can also be envisaged, and these variants are also included within the scope protected by the following claims. . That is, for example, the compressor 3 can supply compressed air to the plurality of compressed air tanks 4. When the pressure in the compressed air tank 4 reaches the minimum pressure e, the rotation speed of the electromechanical device 1 and thus the rotation speed of the compressor 3 are not only set to the rated rotation speed n but also increased to the maximum rotation speed m. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromechanical device 2 Drive shaft 3 Compressor 4 Compressed air tank 5 Control device 6 Compressed air conveyance pipe 7 Pressure sensor 8 Adjustment member 9 Cooling unit 10 Signal input terminal 11 Preseparator 12 Air treatment device 13a, 13b Temperature sensor 14 Cooling fan 15 Power supply device 16 Pressure switch 17 Circuit breaker 18 Control logic unit a, b, c area d Switch-off pressure e Minimum pressure i Minimum rotation speed m Maximum rotation speed n Rated rotation speed

Claims (5)

A compressor system for a rail vehicle,
The compressor system includes a compressor (3) that generates compressed air for at least one compressed air tank (4), which is driven by an electromechanical device (1) via a drive shaft (2). Driven,
The electromechanical device (1) is at least for driving the electromechanical device (1) at at least one rated rotational speed (n) between a maximum rotational speed (m) and a minimum rotational speed (i). Indirectly controllable via the control device (5),
Furthermore, the compressed air carrying conduit provided downstream (6) within the said compressor (3), at least one pressure sensor (7) is arranged to measure the pressure to the control unit (5) ,
In order to continuously control the rotation speed of the electric machine device (1), an adjustment member (8) is disposed between the power supply device (15) and the electric machine device (1), and the adjustment is performed. member (8), Ru controllable der via the control device (5),
In the compressor system for rail vehicles,
A pressure switch (16) is disposed in a compressed air conveyance line (6) provided downstream of the compressor (3), and the pressure switch (16) is arranged in the at least one compressed air tank (4). Monitoring the pressure inside, and at least acting on the rotational speed of the electromechanical device (1) ,
A circuit breaker (17) for separating the control device (5) and the adjustment member (8) from the electromechanical device (1) is disposed at the rear stage of the adjustment member (8),
The pressure switch (16) is connected to the circuit breaker (17) via a control logic unit (18) disposed between the pressure switch (16) and the circuit breaker (17).
A compressor system for a rail vehicle characterized by the above. The control device (5), the compressor is disposed downstream of (3), a cooling unit having a cooling fan (14) and (9), at least indirectly controls the rotation of the cooling fan (14) The number can be adjusted continuously by the control device (5),
The compressor system according to claim 1. In the control method of the compressor system according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The compressor (3) is driven at a variable speed that takes an arbitrary intermediate value between the maximum speed (m) and the minimum speed (i);
The pressure switch (16) monitors the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank (4) and acts at least indirectly on the rotational speed of the electromechanical device (1) ;
When the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank (4) reaches a minimum pressure (e), the control logic unit (18) receives a signal from the pressure switch (16) and turns on the circuit breaker (17). Control to separate the control device (5) and the adjustment member (8) from the electromechanical device (1);
Until the switch-off pressure (d) is reached, the compressor (3) is driven at the rated speed (n) via the circuit breaker (17),
A method for controlling a compressor system. When the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank (4) reaches a minimum pressure (e), the control device (5) receives a signal from the pressure switch (16 ) and controls the adjusting member (8). And driving the compressor (3) at least at the rated speed (n) until the switch-off pressure (d) is reached.
The method of claim 3 . After the pressure in the at least one compressed air tank (4) drops at least twice to the minimum pressure (e), the electromechanical device (1) is connected to at least the rated speed (n) and the compressor (3). intermittently driven between the switch-off pressure is driven at a minimum pressure of at least the rated rotational speed when the drops (e) (n), the compressor (3 when the reached the switch-off pressure (d) )
The method according to claim 3 or 4 .

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