JP6250074B2 - 表面合金を有するアノード電極を含むレドックスフロー電池システム - Google Patents
表面合金を有するアノード電極を含むレドックスフロー電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydronium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003775 Density Functional Theory Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000018459 dissociative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9091—Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/928—Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/20—Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
本開示は、一般的に電池システムに関し、より具体的には、Cu/Pt(111)および/またはAu/Pt(111)の表面合金(subsurface alloy)から少なくとも部分的に形成される、H2/Br2還元−酸化(「レドックス」)フロー電池システムのアノード電極に関する。
レドックスフロー電池(「RFB」)システムは、1種以上の溶解された電気活性種を含有する電解質が、化学的エネルギーを電気に変える電気化学的セルを流通する充電式電池/燃料電池の一形態である。前記電解質は屋外で、一般的にタンク内で貯蔵され、そして該電池システムの1つ以上のセルを通じて循環される。フロー電池の制御は、流速と、該セルの充電状態(「SOC」)の知識を必要とする。これらの2つの要素が一緒になって電極における反応物の濃度および可用性を決め、そして予め決められた作動限界内での最高の効率の場合の該セルから調達できる電流を決定する。前記SOCは、どのくらい多くのエネルギーを該電池が貯蔵または発揮できるかを決めるためにも使用される。特定されたSOCは、該電池が放電プロセスの間の任意の所定の時点で生成できる出力を決定することもできる。
本開示の一実施形態によれば、還元−酸化フロー電池システムは、臭素電極、水素電極、膜、第一の触媒および第二の触媒を含む。前記膜は、臭素電極と水素電極との間に配置される。前記第一の触媒は、前記臭素電極と関連づけられている。前記第二の触媒は、前記水素電極と関連づけられており、前記触媒は、(i)H2の容易な解離を促進し、かつ(ii)前記水素電極上への臭素の吸着を妨げるように構成された表面合金から少なくとも部分的に形成されている。
本開示の原理の理解を促す目的で、図面に図解される実施形態と以下に記載の明細書に記載される実施形態がここで参照される。本開示の範囲をそれにより制限することを意図するものではないと理解される。更に、本開示は、図解された実施形態に対する任意の変化および変更を含み、更に本開示に属する技術分野における当業者に通常想起されるであろう開示の原理の適用を含む。
Claims (4)
- 水素/臭素還元−酸化フロー電池システムであって、
アノード電極と、
第一の流れ領域と、
前記第一の流れ領域を通じて前記アノード電極と流体連結され、かつ該アノード電極に気体状H 2 を供給するように構成されている第一の供給源と、
カソード電極と、
第二の流れ領域と、
前記第二の流れ領域を通じて前記カソード電極と流体連結され、かつ該カソード電極にBr 2 /HBr水溶液を供給するように構成されている第二の供給源と、
前記カソード電極とアノード電極との間に配置された膜と、
第一の触媒と、
第二の触媒と、
を含み、
前記カソード電極は、第一の多孔質の炭素基材から少なくとも部分的に形成されており、かつ前記第一の触媒は、前記第一の多孔質の炭素基材上に堆積されており、かつ前記アノード電極は、第二の多孔質の炭素基材から少なくとも部分的に形成されており、かつ前記第二の触媒は、前記第二の炭素基材上に堆積されており、
前記第二の触媒は、溶質金属およびホスト金属を含む合金から少なくとも部分的に形成されており、前記溶質金属は、銅および金の一方であり、かつ前記ホスト金属は、Pt(111)である、水素/臭素還元−酸化フロー電池システム。 - 前記第一の触媒は、白金、タンタルおよびイリジウムのうち1種以上から少なくとも部分的に形成されている、請求項1に記載の水素/臭素還元−酸化フロー電池システム。
- 前記膜は、カチオン交換膜である、請求項1又は2に記載の水素/臭素還元−酸化フロー電池システム。
- 前記膜は、スルホン化ポリスチレン膜を含む、請求項3に記載の水素/臭素還元−酸化フロー電池システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361767587P | 2013-02-21 | 2013-02-21 | |
US61/767,587 | 2013-02-21 | ||
PCT/US2014/017322 WO2014130631A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 | 2014-02-20 | Redox flow battery system including an anode electrode having a subsurface alloy |
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JP2016507884A JP2016507884A (ja) | 2016-03-10 |
JP6250074B2 true JP6250074B2 (ja) | 2017-12-20 |
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US (1) | US9728803B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2976799B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6250074B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102267125B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105580181B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014130631A1 (ja) |
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DE3241801A1 (de) * | 1982-11-11 | 1984-05-17 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Wasserstoff/brom-zelle |
US6183623B1 (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 2001-02-06 | Lynntech, Inc. | Electrochemical conversion of anhydrous hydrogen halide to halogen gas using an ionically conducting membrane |
US5635039A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1997-06-03 | Lynntech, Inc. | Membrane with internal passages to permit fluid flow and an electrochemical cell containing the same |
US6447943B1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2002-09-10 | Ramot University Authority For Applied Research & Industrial Development Ltd. | Fuel cell with proton conducting membrane with a pore size less than 30 nm |
CN1577928B (zh) * | 2003-07-29 | 2010-04-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种高电催化活性的燃料电池铂基贵金属催化剂及制备方法 |
KR100717800B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-05-11 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 고분자 전해질 막, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를포함하는 연료 전지용 막-전극 어셈블리 |
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US8592339B2 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2013-11-26 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Catalytic platinum-copper alloy nanoparticles |
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JP6028027B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-21 | 2016-11-16 | ケミースキ インスティテュートKemijski Institut | 電極触媒複合材料、同複合材料を製造する方法及び使用する方法 |
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WO2014130631A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
KR102267125B1 (ko) | 2021-06-22 |
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US20140234684A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
JP2016507884A (ja) | 2016-03-10 |
KR20180029113A (ko) | 2018-03-20 |
EP2976799B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
US9728803B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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