JP6239736B2 - Elevator equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus that adjusts the speed of an elevator when the car is raised and the speed when the elevator is lowered using different speed governors.

  In general, an elevator apparatus is provided with a safety device that constantly monitors the ascending / descending speed of a car and performs emergency stop when the car falls into a predetermined overspeed state. Specifically, a speed control rope connected to the elevator car and a speed governor provided in the machine room are provided, and the elevator speed exceeds the rated speed and the first overspeed (usually 1 of the rated speed). .3 times), the power source of the hoisting machine that drives the car and the power source of the control device that controls the hoisting machine are shut off. In addition, when the speed at which the car descends exceeds the first overspeed and reaches the second overspeed (usually 1.4 times the rated speed) for some reason, the governor turns off the emergency stop device provided on the car. Operate and mechanically stop the car.

  On the other hand, in recent years, elevators have become faster and longer due to higher building heights. In such elevators, a sudden change in atmospheric pressure occurs due to the raising and lowering of the car, and it is difficult for the passengers to hear. Give a sense of closure. Since the human ear is more adaptable to the side where the air pressure decreases, i.e. when the car rises, than the side where the air pressure increases, i.e. when the car descends, the rated speed in the downward direction is lower than the rated speed in the upward direction. There is a need for an elevator that is set low and reduces the feeling of ear closure.

  As one of safety devices for such an elevator, a speed governor described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-327241 (Patent Document 1) has been proposed.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a speed control rope connected to an elevator car, a sheave around which the speed control rope is wound, a first speed control mechanism that controls the rotational speed of the sheave, and a rope. There is described a speed control device including a second speed control mechanism that is connected to a horizontal shaft of a vehicle via a clutch mechanism and adjusts the rotational speed of the sheave when the rotational force of the sheave is transmitted. In Patent Document 1, when the sheave rotates normally (when the elevator car is lowered), the clutch mechanism transmits the rotational force of the sheave to the second speed governor and reverses (when the elevator car is raised). In this case, the transmission of the rotational force is canceled, the first speed control mechanism detects the overspeed at the time of ascent, the second speed control mechanism detects the overspeed at the time of the lowering, and the elevator car moves. Different values of overspeed can be detected depending on the direction.

JP 2000-327241 A

  In an elevator apparatus in which the elevator ascending speed and descending speed are different, Patent Document 1 exemplifies that a single speed governor is used to regulate different elevator ascending and descending speeds using a one-way clutch or the like. ing. The rotating body of the second speed governing mechanism releases the rotation of the horizontal shaft of the sheave by the clutch mechanism during the lift operation of the elevator. According to the study by the present inventors, in particular, the cam type one-way clutch is used. When used, even during the ascending operation, the rotation of the horizontal axis is gradually transmitted to the rotating body of the second speed governing mechanism due to the frictional resistance, and the second speed governing mechanism may be in the speed controlling state. In particular, the descending overspeed is set to be smaller than the ascending overspeed, so if the sheave rotation during the ascending operation that rotates at high speed is transmitted to the second governing mechanism by friction resistance, the descending overspeed is erroneously detected. This may cause the elevator to stop abnormally.

  Further, when stopping on the middle floor during the descent operation, the transmission of the sheave is released by the clutch mechanism and the second speed governing mechanism becomes idle, but the rotating body of the second speed governing mechanism continues to rotate due to inertia, Stop gently. For this reason, when the rotating body of the second speed governing mechanism continues to rotate due to inertia, the clutch mechanism meshes with the rotating body of the second speed governing mechanism when the operation is again lowered. Therefore, there is a possibility that an impact sound is generated or a load is applied to the apparatus due to the impact and damage is caused.

  An object of the present invention is an elevator apparatus in which rotation of a sheave is transmitted to a second governor via a cam type one-way clutch, and the second governor erroneously detects a descending overspeed during ascending operation. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus that can prevent this.

  Another object of the present invention is to prevent the second governor from erroneously detecting the descending overspeed during the ascending operation, and further to shock the governor during the transition to the descending operation. It is in providing the elevator apparatus which can suppress adding.

  Furthermore, by providing a first speed governor that detects an overspeed state during ascending operation and a second speed governor that detects an overspeed during descending operation, performance is improved for car ascending operation and car descending operation. Since different safety devices can be provided, it is possible to provide a cheaper and space-saving elevator.

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention is an elevator apparatus including a first governor that detects a rising overspeed of a lifting body and a second governor that detects a descending overspeed. The first speed governor includes a first speed control rope coupled to the elevating body, a first sheave fixed to a horizontal shaft and wound around the first speed control rope, and the first speed governor. A first rotating body that regulates the rising speed of the lifting body based on the rotational speed of the sheave, configured to rotate the first rotating body and detect the rising overspeed of the lifting body, second speed governor, a second speed governor rope that is connected to the elevating member, is wound around the fixed to the horizontal shaft second governor rope through the first cam-type one-wake latch The second sheave and the second sheave during the descending operation based on the rotational speed of the second sheave And a second rotating body governing the lowering speed of Fukarada, the second rotating the rotating body is configured to detect a lowering overspeed of the elevator body, before Symbol first cam type one wake The latch transmits the rotation of the second sheave of the second governor to the second rotating body of the second governor during the descending operation of the elevator, and the ascending operation of the elevator The transmission of the rotation of the second sheave of the second governor to the second rotating body is canceled, and the second rotating body of the second governor is rotated during the ascending operation of the lifting / lowering body. A rotation prevention mechanism for preventing is provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the second speed governor from erroneously detecting the descending overspeed during the ascending operation, and to prevent the governor from being subjected to an impact when shifting to the descending operation. It becomes possible to suppress. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a cheaper and space-saving elevator by providing a safety device having a performance adapted to each speed at different speeds during the elevator ascending operation and descending operation. .

  Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is sectional drawing of the speed governor in the elevator apparatus of Example 1 of this invention. It is a side view of the rotation prevention mechanism of Example 1 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the speed governor in the elevator apparatus of Example 2 of this invention. It is a side view of the rotation prevention mechanism of Example 2 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the speed governor in the elevator apparatus of Example 3 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the elevator apparatus which provided the speed governor in each of the passenger car and the counterweight. It is an example (1) of the schematic block diagram of the elevator apparatus with which this invention is applied. It is an example (2) of the schematic block diagram of the elevator apparatus with which this invention is applied.

  Embodiments of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, a schematic configuration of an elevator apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 6, 7, and 8.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an elevator apparatus in which a speed governor is provided for each of the car and the counterweight. In general, an elevator apparatus connects a car 1003 and a counterweight 1004 which are lifting bodies in a hoistway 1002 provided in a building 1000 by a main rope 1005, and the car 1003 can be lifted and lowered along a guide rail 1007. It is comprised so that it may become. In the machine room 1001 formed in the upper part of the hoistway 1002, a hoisting machine 1006 around which the main rope 1005 is wound, a control panel (not shown) for controlling the hoisting machine 1006, a speed governor, and the like are arranged. ing. The speed governor includes an endless speed control rope 101 stretched over the entire lifting stroke in the hoistway 1002, a sheave 401 installed in the machine room 1001 and wrapped around the speed control rope 101, and the like. Composed. The car 1003 is provided with an emergency stop device 1008 that grips the guide rail 1007 with a wedge in an emergency, and an operation lever 1009 that drives the emergency stop device 1008 and is pivotally supported on the car 1003 side. A speed adjusting rope 101 is connected to the operating lever 1009. Similarly, when the emergency stop device is attached to the counterweight 1004, an endless speed control rope 102 and a sheave 402 wound around the speed control rope 102 are provided. The counterweight 1004 is provided with an emergency stop device 1010 and an operation lever 1011 that drives the emergency stop device 1010 and is pivotally supported by the counterweight 1004. Also, even when the car 1003 and the counterweight 1004 collide with the bottom of the hoistway for some reason, shock absorbers 1012 and 1013 are provided to stop and reduce the impact so that the person inside the car is safe. The elevator device to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. For example, a speed governor may be installed at a fixed portion (for example, the top of the guide rail 1007) at the top of the hoistway 1002, without providing a machine room above the hoistway 1002.

  In the present invention, the speed at the time of the car ascending operation and the speed at the time of the car descending operation are different, and each has a governor. Therefore, as an elevator configuration, as shown in FIGS. Can be configured. However, the same components as those in FIG. 6 are omitted.

  The configuration of FIG. 7 is a configuration in which the speed governor 404 adjusts the speed by using the descent operation of the counterweight during the car ascending operation, and the speed governor 403 adjusts the speed during the car descending operation. . Since the counterweight descends during the car ascending operation, this configuration can be applied when an emergency stop is attached to the counterweight side. In the configuration of FIG. 7, the speed at the time of the car descending operation is regulated by the governor 403 according to the descending speed, so the emergency stop 2001 and the shock absorber 2002 on the car descending side are downsized according to the car descending speed. It is possible.

  In the configuration of FIG. 8, the speed during the car climbing operation is regulated by the sheave 406 around which the endless speed governor rope 3003 and the speed regulating rope 3003 are wound, and the speed during the car descending operation is endless. In this configuration, the speed governor 405 is wound around a speed governor rope 3004. In this configuration, since the governor (governor) is not attached to the counterweight side, the counterweight side emergency stop cannot be applied. However, in the configuration of FIG. 8, the speed when the car descends is regulated by a governor 405 that matches the descending speed, so the emergency stop 3001 and the shock absorber 3002 on the car descending side are downsized according to the car descending speed. It is possible.

  In these configurations, the speeds of the car ascending operation and the car descending operation are controlled by the respective speed governors, and are used in the conventional first speed governor on the car ascending side, which is particularly fast. This can be done by using the governor that was used. Therefore, the present invention particularly notes the second governor on the car lowering side.

  A second speed governor for car lowering operation in the elevator apparatus of the present embodiment will be described. In the following description of the details of the second governor 403 for the car descending operation described in FIG. 7 and the second governor 405 for the car descending operation described in FIG. The second governors 403 and 405 will be described as having the same configuration as below. As shown in FIG. 1, a speed control rope 1 which is endless and is arranged in a hoistway and connected to a lifting body, and a sheave 4 fixed to a horizontal shaft 3 and wound around the speed control rope 1. Then, the rotational speed of the sheave 4 is adjusted, and is connected to the horizontal shaft 3 via the clutch 5, and the rotational speed of the sheave 4 is adjusted during the descending operation of the car to detect the descending overspeed. When the transmission of the shedding gear to the second governor B and the second governor is released, such as during the ascending operation of the car, the rotation prevention mechanism 7 prevents the rotation of the rotating body B1 of the second governor B. It has.

  For example, the horizontal shaft 3 is supported by a frame 2 provided in the elevator machine room via a bearing, and the rotating body B1 of the second governor B is attached to the horizontal shaft 3 via a clutch 5. As the clutch 5, a cam type one-way clutch is used, and an inner ring of the cam type one-way clutch is fixed to the horizontal shaft 3, and an outer ring is fixed to the rotating body B1. The clutch 5 transmits the rotation of the sheave 4 to the rotating body B1 of the second governor during the car lowering operation, and cancels the transmission of the rotation of the sheave 4 to the second governor during the ascending operation of the elevator. To do.

  The second governor B has a rotating body B1 and a pendulum (not shown) that is attached to the rotating body B1 and is displaced according to the rotational speed of the rotating body B1. The second governor B is configured such that the car stop switch in the second governor B is turned on by the displacement of the pendulum when the raising / lowering speed of the car reaches 1.3 times the rated speed. It detects that the descending speed of the car has reached 1.3 times the rated speed. Specifically, as the second governor B, for example, a flyweight governor mechanism as described in Patent Document 1 is used, but the second governor B is not limited to this.

  The elevator apparatus of the present embodiment reduces the rated speed in the descending direction from the rated speed in the ascending direction in order to reduce the feeling of closing the ears of the passenger due to a sudden change in atmospheric pressure due to the lifting and lowering of the elevator car, that is, the elevator car. It is set. In response to this, when the first speed governor for lifting detects that the raising / lowering speed of the car has reached 1.3 times the rated speed in the ascending direction, the power supply of the hoisting machine that drives the car And the power supply of the control apparatus which controls this hoisting machine is cut off, respectively.

  On the other hand, when the second speed governor B for descent according to the present invention detects that the raising / lowering speed of the car has reached 1.3 times the rated speed in the descending direction, the power supply of the hoisting machine that drives the car And the power supply of the control apparatus which controls this hoisting machine is cut off, respectively. In addition, when the lowering speed of the car reaches 1.4 times the rated speed for some reason, the second governor B operates the emergency stop device provided on the car to mechanically move the car. Emergency stop. That is, when the pendulum attached to the rotating body B1 is further displaced, the movement of the speed adjusting rope 1 is stopped by sandwiching the speed adjusting rope 1 by a mechanism such as that described in Patent Document 1, for example. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the operating lever 1009 connected to the speed controlling rope 1 that has stopped moving is pulled up by further lowering the car 1003, and the emergency stop device 1008 is operated by the pulled up operating lever 1009. The guide rail 1007 is gripped by a wedge (not shown), and the car 1003 is mechanically emergency-stopped. The second governor B stops the speed regulation by releasing the rotation of the sheave 4 by the clutch 5 during the lifting operation of the elevator.

  Thus, in order to detect a predetermined overspeed in the upward direction and to detect a predetermined overspeed in the downward direction, the first governor A for lifting and the second governor B for lowering are adjusted. The speed setting value is set to a different value.

  Next, the rotation prevention mechanism in the present embodiment will be described. As described above, in this embodiment, when the transmission of the sheave to the second governor is released, such as during the ascending operation of the elevator, the rotation of the rotating body B1 of the second governor B is prevented. A rotation prevention mechanism 7 is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotation preventing mechanism 7 includes a roller 7a provided coaxially with the rotating body B1, and a pressing force applying device 7b that applies a pressing force to the roller 7a. The roller 7a is fixed to the outer ring of the rotating body B1 or the cam type one-way clutch, and rotates together with the rotating body B1. The pressing force applying device 7 b is fixed to the frame 2 via a pedestal 70.
The pressing force applying device 7b includes a shoe 72a that slidably contacts the roller 7a, a spring 73 that presses the shoe 72a toward the roller 7a, and a housing 74 that supports the shoe 72a and the spring 73. . The shoe 72a is attached to the housing 74 so as to be rotatable about a bolt 72b. The spring 73 is attached to the bracket portion 74 a of the housing 74 via a spring adjustment screw 75.

  The shoe 72a is pressed so as to be always in contact with the roller 7a, and biases a predetermined resistance to the rotating body B1 of the second governor B through the roller 7a. During the ascending operation of the car, the second governor B is in a state where the transmission of the rotation of the horizontal shaft 3 is released by the clutch 5, but due to the frictional resistance acting in the clutch 5 (between the inner ring and the outer ring), The rotating body B1 tries to rotate. The resistance value by the rotation prevention mechanism 7 is set so as to prevent the rotation of the rotating body B1. In other words, this resistance value is the resistance of the rotation prevention mechanism 7 (the frictional resistance between the roller 7a and the shoe 72a) when the rotation of the horizontal shaft 3 to the rotating body B1 is released by the clutch 5 during the ascending operation. ) To prevent the rotating body B1 from rotating.

  In addition, the resistance value by the rotation prevention mechanism 7 is set to a value that does not hinder the rotation of the rotating body B1 when the clutch 5 is engaged during the descending operation. Actually, the resistance received by the rotating body B1 by the rotation prevention mechanism 7 during the descending operation is small compared to the rotational force of the horizontal shaft 3, and this hinders the rotation of the rotating body B1 during the descending operation. It is not something that brings

  According to the present embodiment, during the ascending operation of the car, the rotation preventing mechanism 7 prevents the rotation of the rotating body B1 of the second governor B, thereby preventing erroneous detection and improving reliability. it can. Further, even if the re-descent operation is performed immediately after the stop during the descent operation, in this embodiment, when the vehicle stops on the middle floor during the descent operation, the rotation of the rotating body B1 of the second governor B is quickly blocked. Therefore, the clutch 5 always meshes with the rotating body B1 of the second governor B that is in a stopped state. As a result, in this embodiment, the impact at the time of meshing can be reduced, the noise can be reduced, the load on the apparatus can be reduced, and the life can be extended.

  In this embodiment, in order to prevent the rotation of the rotating body B1 of the second governor B, a pressing force is applied to the roller 7a provided coaxially with the rotating body B1, but the rotating body B1. A direct pressing force may be applied to the. That is, in this embodiment, the rotating body B1 or the rotating body B1 is provided coaxially, and a pressing force is applied to the rotating body that rotates together with the rotating body B1.

  Next, a second embodiment of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing equivalent to what is shown in Example 1. FIG. Further, the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is omitted.

  The elevator apparatus of the present embodiment includes a rotation prevention mechanism 17 having a structure different from that of the rotation prevention mechanism 7 shown in the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotation prevention mechanism 17 includes a first roller 171 provided coaxially with the rotating body B <b> 1 and a second roller disposed so as to face the first roller 171. 172, a belt 173 wound around the first roller 171 and the second roller 172, a roller bracket 174 attached to the frame 2 and rotatably supporting the second roller 172, And a spring 175 for biasing the second roller 172 in a direction opposite to that of the first roller.

  The first roller 171 is fixed to the rotating body B1 or the outer ring of the cam type one-way clutch, and rotates together with the rotating body B1. The second roller 172 is rotatably supported by the roller bracket 174 via a shaft 176. The roller bracket 174 is rotatably attached to the base 170 via a shaft 177. A base 170 to which the roller bracket 174 is attached is fixed to the frame 2 (not shown in FIG. 3). The spring 175 is provided between a spring mounting portion 179 fixed to the pedestal 170 and a spring mounting portion 180 fixed to the roller bracket 174, and the spring force is adjusted by the spring adjustment screw 178.

  In this embodiment, the second roller 172 is urged in the direction opposite to the first roller 171, thereby increasing the tension applied to the belt 173 and causing resistance to the rotating body B 1 via the first roller 171. Energized. This resistance value is adjusted by the spring adjustment screw 178 in the same way as in the first embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, a first roller 171 is provided coaxially with the rotating body B1, and a belt 173 that is pulled by the second roller in a direction opposite to the first roller is wound around the first roller 171. By being applied, a predetermined resistance is applied to the rotating body B1 of the second governor. As a result, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Next, a third embodiment of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing equivalent to what is shown in Example 1 or Example 2. FIG. Further, the description of the same configuration as in the first and second embodiments is omitted.

  The rotation prevention mechanism 27 in the present embodiment includes a second roller 272 that is fixed to the outer ring of the cam type one-way clutch 273 instead of the second roller 172 in the second embodiment. A pedestal having a shaft to which the inner ring of the cam type one-way clutch 273 is fixed is fixed to the frame 2. The cam type one-way clutch 273 allows the second roller 272 to rotate in the same direction as the first roller 171, that is, the rotating body B <b> 1 during the lowering operation of the lifting body, and the second one during the lifting operation of the lifting body. The roller 272 is prevented from rotating in the opposite direction.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, during the ascending operation, the rotation of the rotating body B1 is prevented, and the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments can be achieved.

  Further, if a mechanism (not shown) for applying tension to the belt 173 is provided, the resistance can be effectively urged to the rotating body B1, and it is performed when the descent operation is shifted to the descent operation after stopping. The same effects as in Example 1 and Example 2 can be achieved.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the cam type one-way clutch similar to that of the third embodiment is provided on the shaft 176 connecting the second roller 172 and the roller bracket 174 in the second embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments can be obtained. In particular, in this embodiment, it is possible to reliably prevent the rotating body B1 from rotating in the upward direction during the ascending operation. And in a present Example, compared with Example 3, when stopping to the middle floor during descent | fall operation | movement, rotation of the rotary body B1 of the 2nd governor B can be blocked | prevented rapidly. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the second speed governor from erroneously detecting the descending overspeed during the ascending operation, and to reliably suppress the impact on the governor when shifting to the descending operation. Can do.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Moreover, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Speed control rope, 2 Speed governor frame, 3 Horizontal shaft, 4 Sheave, 5 Clutch, 7 Rotation prevention mechanism, 17 Rotation prevention mechanism, 27 Rotation prevention mechanism, B 2nd speed governor, B1 rotator

Claims (5)

In an elevator apparatus comprising a first speed governor that detects a rising overspeed of a lifting body and a second speed governor that detects a downward overspeed,
The first speed governor includes a first speed control rope coupled to the elevating body, a first sheave fixed to a horizontal shaft and wound around the first speed control rope, and the first speed governor. A first rotating body that adjusts the rising speed of the lifting body based on the rotational speed of the sheave, configured to rotate the first rotating body and detect the rising overspeed of the lifting body,
The second speed governor, said second governor rope connected to the lifting member, a first fixed to the horizontal shaft through a cam type one-wake latch hook winding said second governor rope A second rotating body that adjusts the descending speed of the lifting body based on the rotational speed of the second sheave during the descending operation of the lifting body, Configured to rotate and detect a descending overspeed of the lifting body;
Before SL first cam-type one-wake latch, when lowering operation of the lifting body, it transmits the rotation of the second sheave of the second speed governor to the second rotating body of the second governor , During the ascending operation of the lifting body, the transmission of the rotation of the second sheave of the second speed governor to the second rotating body is canceled,
An elevator apparatus comprising a rotation blocking mechanism for blocking rotation of the second rotating body of the second governor during the ascending operation of the lifting body.   2. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation prevention mechanism constantly urges a resistance to the second rotating body or a roller that rotates together coaxially with the second rotating body.   The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the rotation preventing mechanism includes the roller, a roller different from the roller, and an endless belt wound around the roller and the other roller, An elevator apparatus characterized in that a resistance is constantly applied to the roller by applying tension between the other rollers. The elevator apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the rotation prevention mechanism includes the roller, a roller different from the roller, and an endless belt wound around the roller and the other roller. roller is supported by a shaft which is second cams formula one-way clutch mounted on the opposite side to the front Stories second cams formula one-way clutch rotating said other roller is a decreasing direction of the second rotary member An elevator apparatus characterized by preventing rotation. 2. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation prevention mechanism is wound around a roller that rotates coaxially with the second rotating body, a roller that is different from the roller, and the roller and the another roller. has an endless belt, said another roller is supported by a shaft which is mounted the second cams formula one-way clutch, before Symbol second cams formula one-way clutch said other roller the second tone An elevator apparatus characterized in that the rotating body of the speed machine is prevented from rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation in the descending direction.

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