JP5809746B2 - Elevator equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a speed governor for an elevator having different rated speeds of a car at the time of ascent and descent, and an elevator apparatus equipped with the speed governor.

  In general, an elevator apparatus is provided with a governor that constantly monitors the ascending / descending speed of a car and makes an emergency stop of the car when the car falls into a predetermined overspeed state. Specifically, the speed governor is configured to drive the car when the car ascending / descending speed exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed (usually not exceeding 1.3 times the rated speed). The car is safely stopped by shutting off the power supply of the upper machine and the power supply of the control device that controls the hoisting machine. In addition, the governor is installed in the car when the descending speed of the car exceeds the first overspeed and reaches the second overspeed (usually a speed not exceeding 1.4 times the rated speed) for some reason. The emergency stop device is operated to mechanically stop the car.

  On the other hand, in recent years, the speed and length of the elevator device have been increased due to the increase in the number of buildings, and in such an elevator device, a sudden change in atmospheric pressure occurs due to the raising and lowering of the car, and the passengers hear it. Gives a feeling of discomfort to the ear. Because the human ear is more adaptable when the car with a lower air pressure rises than when the car with a higher air pressure descends, it is lower than the rated speed (moving speed) of the car in the upward direction. There is a demand for an elevator apparatus that sets the rated speed of the vehicle to be low and reduces the feeling of ear closure. In such an elevator apparatus, in order to make an emergency stop of a car that has fallen into a predetermined overspeed state, a lower governor is conventionally provided separately from the upper governor, and the upper governor pulley and the lower governor are provided. There has been proposed one in which a governor rope is wound around a machine pulley so that the overspeed can be set separately at the time of lowering and at the time of raising (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-120979

  However, in the conventional device described above, it is necessary to provide a governor on each of the governor pulleys arranged at the top and bottom of the machine room and the hoistway, which requires a large occupied space and increases the number of parts. There is a problem that the equipment cost is high.

  The present invention has been made from the above-described actual state of the prior art, and its purpose is an elevator having different rated speeds of a car at the time of ascent and descent, and space saving related to the governor, and An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus capable of reducing the number of parts.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a car and a counterweight, which are lifting bodies, a hoist that drives the car and the counterweight to move up and down, and a hoistway through a governor pulley. A governor rope that is connected to the carriage and moves up and down, a pair of drive bevel gears that are mounted on the horizontal shaft of the governor pulley and that have gear inclinations in opposite directions, and engages with the drive bevel gears. A pair of driven bevel gears rotating in opposite directions to each other, a pair of centrifugal speed governors connected to each of the driven bevel gears via a vertical shaft, and the lifting of the lifting body detected by the centrifugal speed governor The elevating body stop switch for stopping the elevating body driving when the speed or the descending speed exceeds a predetermined value, and the centrifugal governor includes an ascending speed governor for controlling the ascending speed of the car, a car The descent control unit has a descent control unit that controls the descent speed of the descent It is characterized by setting a speed limit lower than the limit speed of the rise for governing unit.

  According to the present invention, there is an elevator apparatus having a rated speed of a car that is different between when it is raised and when it is lowered, and a hoisting machine that drives the car and the counterweight to move up and down, and a governor pulley in the hoistway. A speed governor rope that is arranged endlessly and is connected to the carriage and is moved up and down, a pair of drive bevel gears mounted on the horizontal shaft of the speed governor pulley and having gear inclinations in opposite directions, and a drive bevel gear; A pair of driven bevel gears that engage and rotate in opposite directions, a pair of centrifugal speed governors connected to each of the driven bevel gears via a vertical shaft, and the elevation detected by the centrifugal speed governor A lifting / lowering body stop switch for stopping the driving of the lifting / lowering body when the rising speed or lowering speed of the body exceeds a predetermined value, and the centrifugal speed governor includes a speed-regulating unit for ascending to control the rising speed of the car; It has a descent regulator that controls the descent speed of the car By setting the speed limit of the descent governor lower than the speed limit of the speed governor, the structure of the speed governor can be simplified, thereby saving space related to the speed governor. While versatility can be improved, equipment cost can be reduced.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of an elevator apparatus to which the present invention is applied. It is a front view which shows the Example of the elevator apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view of the governing part for a raise in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of the raise speed control part in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of the governing part for a raise in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of the governing part for descent | fall in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of the governing part for a fall in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of the normal rotation of the governing part for a raise in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of the normal rotation of the governing part for a raise in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of reverse rotation of the descent | fall governing part in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of reverse rotation of the descent | fall speed control part in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of the normal rotation of the descent | fall governing part in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of forward rotation of the descent | fall governing part in a present Example. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of reverse rotation of the raise speed control part in a present Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of reverse rotation of the raise speed control part in a present Example.

Embodiments of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[Basic configuration]
As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator apparatus includes a hoistway 1 formed in a building, a machine room 2 provided immediately above the hoistway 1, an elevating body that raises and lowers the hoistway 1, that is, a car 3 and a balance. The main rope 5 connected to the weight 4, the car 3 and the counterweight 4, the hoisting machine 6 installed in the machine room 2 to drive the main rope 5, and standing on the hoistway 1 The guide rail 7 for the car that guides the raising and lowering of the car 3, the guide rail 8 for the counterweight that is set up in the hoistway 1 to guide the raising and lowering of the counterweight 4, and the lifting speed of the car 3 is monitored. A speed governor 9 for emergency stopping the car 3 when the car 3 falls into a predetermined overspeed state, and an emergency stop device 10 provided in the car 3 for mechanically emergency stopping the car 3 It has.

As shown in FIG. 1, the governor 9 has an endless shape and is disposed on the hoistway 1 and fixed to a governor rope 9a having one end connected to the elevator through a connecting member 11 and a horizontal shaft to be described later. A governor pulley 9b around which the curved portion at the upper end of the governor rope 9a is wound, and a pulley disposed at the lower part of the hoistway 1 and around which the curved portion at the lower end of the governor rope 9a is wound around 9c.
[Governor]
As shown in FIG. 2, the speed governor 9 according to the present embodiment has two flyball-type speed governors, that is, an ascending governor 100 and a descending governor so as to sandwich the governor pulley 9b. 200 is arranged.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ascending speed governor 100 is fixed to a horizontal shaft 9e that is pivotally supported by the speed governor housing 9d, and is located on one side of the speed governor pulley 9b and has its center of rotation. Drive bevel gear 101 arranged concentrically, driven bevel gear 102 meshed with the drive bevel gear 101, a vertical shaft 103 supported by the driven bevel gear 102, and an arm 104 pivoted on the upper end of the vertical shaft 103 A fly ball 105 fixed to the lower end of the arm 104, a sliding tube 106 fitted to the vertical shaft 103, and a fitting between the vertical shaft 103 and the upper end of the vertical shaft 103 and the sliding tube 106. And a spring 107 that urges the sliding tube 106 downward.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the ascending speed governor 100 is further rotatably disposed inside the driven bevel gear 102, and includes a pair of pendulums 109 that are displaced according to the rotation of the driven bevel gear 102, and a pendulum 109. A pendulum receiver 110 to be supported, an adjustment spring 111 that biases the pendulum 109 in the standby position direction, a speed detection rotating body 112 that is fixed above the bearing 108 of the vertical shaft 103 and is disposed so as to surround the pendulum 109; The one-way clutch device is formed with a claw portion 113 that is formed with an inclination inside the speed detection rotating body 112 and can be engaged with the pendulum 109 during forward rotation. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, a bearing 108 is provided at an intermediate position of the vertical shaft 103 and loosely supports the upper portion of the vertical shaft 103 with respect to the driven bevel gear 102.

  The pendulum 109, the pendulum receiver 110, the adjustment spring 111, and the claw portion 113 are fixed below the bearing 108 of the vertical shaft 103.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the descent speed governor 200 is fixed to a horizontal shaft 9e that is pivotally supported by the speed governor housing 9d, and is located on the other side of the speed governor pulley 9b. A drive bevel gear 201 disposed concentrically, a driven bevel gear 202 meshing with the drive bevel gear 201, a vertical shaft 203 fixed to the driven bevel gear 202, and an arm 204 pivoted on the upper end of the vertical shaft 203 The fly ball 205 fixed to the lower end of the arm 204, the sliding cylinder 206 fitted to the vertical shaft 203, and the vertical axis 203 fitted between the upper end of the vertical shaft 203 and the sliding cylinder 206. The spring 207 biases the sliding cylinder 206 downward.

  5A, the pendulum 209 is disposed inside the driven bevel gear 202 and is displaced in accordance with the rotation of the driven bevel gear 202, and is fixed below the bearing 208 of the vertical shaft 203 to support the pendulum 209. A pendulum receiver 210, an adjustment spring 211 that biases the pendulum 209 in the standby position direction, a speed detection rotating body 212 that is fixed above the bearing 208 of the vertical shaft 203 and that surrounds the pendulum 209, The one-way clutch device is formed with a claw portion 213 that is formed with an inclination inside the detection rotating body 212 and that can be engaged with the pendulum 209 during normal rotation. Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, a bearing 208 is provided at an intermediate position of the vertical shaft 203 and loosely supports the upper portion of the vertical shaft 203 with respect to the driven bevel gear 202.

  The pendulum 209, the pendulum receiver 210, the adjustment spring 211 that biases the pendulum 209 in the standby position direction, and the claw portion 213 are fixed below the bearing 208 of the vertical shaft 203.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sliding cylinders 106 and 206 operate to stop driving the car 3 and the counterweight 4 when the raising / lowering speed of the car 3 exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed. A lifting / lowering body stop switch 12 is connected.
[Rated speed]
In the elevator apparatus of the present embodiment, the rated speed B in the descending direction is set lower than the rated speed A in the ascending direction in order to reduce the passenger's feeling of ear closing due to a sudden change in atmospheric pressure due to the raising and lowering of the car 3. In response to this, when the rising speed of the car 3 exceeds the rated speed A and reaches the first overspeed 1.3A, the ascending governor 100 increases the power source and the hoisting machine 6 that drives the car 3. The power source of the control device that controls the upper machine 6 is shut off.

  On the other hand, when the descending speed of the car 3 exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed 1.3B, the descent speed control unit 200 supplies power to the hoisting machine 6 that drives the car 3 and the hoisting machine 6. The power supply of the control device that controls the power is shut off. Furthermore, when the descending speed of the car exceeds the first overspeed and reaches the second overspeed 1.4B for some reason, the emergency stop device 10 provided in the car 3 is operated to move the car 3 to the machine. Emergency stop.

  Thus, in order to detect a predetermined overspeed in the upward direction and to detect a predetermined overspeed different from the upward direction in the downward direction, the spring constant of the spring 107 of the upward speed governor 100 is set to the downward speed controller. It is set larger than the spring constant of 200 springs 207.

  In this embodiment, the driving bevel gear 101 and the driven bevel gear 102 of the ascending speed governor 100 and the driving bevel gear 201 and the driven bevel gear 202 of the descending speed governor 200 are always in mesh with each other. When the car 3 is raised, the driven bevel gear 102 rotates forward via the governor pulley 9b and the drive bevel gear 101, and the driven bevel gear 202 is reversed via the governor pulley 9b and the drive bevel gear 201. Rotate. On the other hand, when the car 3 is lowered, the driven bevel gear 102 rotates in reverse via the governor pulley 9b and the driving bevel gear 101, and the driven bevel gear 202 is moved forward via the governor pulley 9b and the driving bevel gear 201. Rotate.

By providing such a one-way clutch device that operates in the same rotational direction to the driven bevel gears that rotate in opposite directions, the operation of the ascending speed governor and the descending speed governor can be automatically switched.
[Cage lift control]
4A and 4B, when the car 3 starts to rise, the driven bevel gear 102 starts to rotate in the clockwise direction when viewed from above via the governor pulley 9b and the drive bevel gear 101. At this time, the lower part of the vertical shaft 103 of the ascending speed governor 100 rotates together with the driven bevel gear 102, but the upper part of the vertical shaft 103 does not rotate because it is supported loosely with respect to the driven bevel gear 102 by the bearing 108. As the speed increases, the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 102 increases, and the free end of the pendulum 109 pivotally supported by the pendulum receiver 110 by centrifugal force moves outward from the standby position against the biasing force of the adjustment spring 111. Displace.

  As the speed further increases, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the release end of the pendulum 109 and the claw portion 113 formed inside the speed detection rotating body 112 are engaged, and the rotation of the driven bevel gear 102 is rotated. The speed detection rotator 112 is also transmitted to the speed detection rotator 112 via 109, and the upper part of the vertical shaft 103 is also rotated accordingly.

  When the car 3 is raised, the driven bevel gear 202 of the descent speed adjusting unit 200 rotates in the reverse direction with respect to the driven bevel gear 102 so that the release end of the pendulum 209 faces outward against the urging force of the adjustment spring 211. To contact the claw portion 213 formed inside the speed detection rotating body 212. However, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, due to the inclination of the claw portion 213 and the elasticity of the adjustment spring 211, the release end of the pendulum 209 easily gets over the claw portion 213, and the release end of the pendulum 209 is engaged with the claw portion 213. Therefore, the speed detection rotating body 212 does not rotate with the driven bevel gear 202. That is, the pendulum 9 and the claw portion 213 operate as a free wheel without torque transmission.

  Then, as described above, when the upper part of the vertical shaft 103 rotates, the flyball 105 revolves according to the rotation speed, and rises against the urging force of the spring 107 by centrifugal force. As the flyball 105 rises, the sliding cylinder 106 is displaced upward. Then, when the rotational speed of the vertical shaft 103, that is, the rising speed of the car 3 exceeds the rated speed and reaches the first overspeed 1.3A, the lifting / lowering body stop switch 12 operates, and the power supply of the hoisting machine 6 Is cut off and the car 3 is stopped.

Note that when the car 3 decelerates toward the target floor landing, the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 102 also decreases, whereby the release end of the pendulum 109 is displaced toward the standby position by the biasing force of the adjustment spring 111, The engagement between the release end of the pendulum 109 and the claw portion 113 of the speed detection rotating body 112 is released, and the rotations of the speed detection rotating body 112 and the vertical shaft 103 are decelerated and then stopped. Thereafter, the release end of the pendulum 109 is retracted to the standby position by the biasing force of the adjustment spring 111.
[Cage lowering control]
Next, when the car 3 starts to descend, the driven bevel gear 202 starts to rotate forward via the governor pulley 9b and the drive bevel gear 201. At this time, the lower portion of the vertical shaft 203 rotates together with the driven bevel gear 202, but the upper portion of the vertical shaft 203 is not rotated because it is loosely supported by the bearing 208 with respect to the driven bevel gear 202. As the speed increases, the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 202 also increases, and the free end of the pendulum 209 pivotally supported by the pendulum receiver 210 is displaced outwardly against the biasing force of the adjustment spring 211 by centrifugal force.

  As the speed further increases, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the release end of the pendulum 209 and the claw portion 213 formed inside the speed detection rotating body 212 are engaged, and the rotation of the driven bevel gear 202 is rotated. The speed detection rotator 212 is also transmitted to the speed detection rotator 212 via 209, and the upper part of the vertical shaft 203 is also rotated accordingly.

  When the car 3 is lowered, the driven bevel gear 102 of the ascending speed governor 100 reversely rotates, so that the release end of the pendulum 109 is displaced outward against the biasing force of the adjustment spring 111, and the speed detection rotation is performed. It contacts the claw portion 113 formed on the inside of the body 112.

  However, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, due to the inclination of the claw portion 113 and the elasticity of the adjustment spring 111, the release end of the pendulum 109 easily gets over the claw portion 113, and the release end of the pendulum 109 is engaged with the claw portion 113. Therefore, the speed detecting rotator 112 does not rotate with the driven bevel gear 102. That is, the pendulum 9 and the claw portion 113 operate as a free wheel without torque transmission.

  Then, as described above, when the upper part of the vertical shaft 203 rotates, the fly ball 205 revolves according to the rotation speed, and rises against the urging force of the spring 207 by centrifugal force. As the flyball 205 rises, the sliding cylinder 206 is displaced upward. Further, when the rotational speed of the vertical shaft 203, that is, the descending speed of the car 3 exceeds the rated speed B and reaches the first overspeed 1.3B, the lifting / lowering body stop switch 12 operates, and the hoisting machine 6 The power is cut off and the car 3 is stopped. Further, when the car 3 further overspeeds in the downward direction for some reason and exceeds the first overspeed 1.3B to reach the second overspeed 1.4B, the governor is mechanically controlled by a catch weight (not shown). A gripping operation of the rope 9a is performed, and the emergency stop device 10 is operated via the connecting member 11, whereby the emergency stop operation of the car 3 is performed.

  Note that when the car 3 decelerates toward the target floor landing, the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear 202 also decreases, whereby the release end of the pendulum 209 is displaced toward the standby position by the biasing force of the adjustment spring 211, The engagement between the release end of the pendulum 209 and the claw portion 213 of the speed detection rotator 212 is released, and the rotations of the speed detection rotator 212 and the vertical shaft 203 are decelerated and then stopped. Thereafter, the release end of the pendulum 209 is retracted to the standby position by the biasing force of the adjustment spring 211.

According to the present embodiment, in the elevator apparatus having the rated speed of the car 3 that is different between when it is raised and when it is lowered, the governor 9 is integrated with the governor that controls the ascending speed or the descending speed. As a result, the space-saving of the governor 9 can be saved, the versatility of the apparatus can be improved, and the equipment cost can be reduced.
[Application example]
In the above configuration, the pair of driving bevel gears and the driven bevel gears are arranged on the horizontal axis with the governor pulley interposed therebetween, and can be configured most compactly. However, the pair of driving bevel gears may be disposed only on one side of the governor pulley, for example. However, the pair of driving bevel gears have a gear inclination in opposite directions, and the driven bevel gears engaged therewith must be configured to rotate in opposite directions. As a result, the speed control at the time of ascent and the speed control at the time of descending can be separated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the pendulums 109 and 209 are in the standby position when the car 3 is stopped, and the free ends of the pendulums 109 and 209 become the urging force of the adjustment springs 111 and 211 due to the centrifugal force as the car speed increases. Therefore, it is configured to be displaced outward.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pendulums 109 and 209 are pressed in advance to the inside of the speed detection rotating bodies 112 and 212 by the urging force of the adjustment springs 111 and 211 from the time when the car 3 is stopped. In addition, the pendulums 109 and 209 and the claw portions 113 and 213 formed inside the speed detection rotating bodies 112 and 212 are engaged, and the speed detection rotating bodies 112 and 212 are rotated to an overspeed detection state. During reverse rotation, the pendulums 109 and 209 easily get over the claw parts 113 and 213 by the inclination of the claw parts 113 and 213 and the elasticity of the adjustment springs 111 and 211. 213 may be in a non-engagement state and may be in an overspeed non-detection state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoistway 3 Passenger car 4 Counterweight 5 Main rope 6 Hoisting machine 9 Speed governor 9a Speed governor rope 9b Speed governor pulley 9c Pulley 9e Horizontal shaft 100 Ascending governor 200 Ascending governor 101 201 Drive bevel gear 102, 202 Driven bevel gear 103, 203 Vertical shaft 104, 204 Arm 105, 205 Fly ball 106, 206 Sliding cylinder 107, 207 Spring 108, 208 Bearing 109, 209 Pendulum 110, 210 Pendulum receiver 111, 211 Adjustment Spring 112, 212 Speed detection rotating body 113, 213 Claw part 10 Emergency stop device 11 Connecting member 12 Lifting body stop switch

Claims (6)

  A car and a counterweight which are lifting bodies, a hoist that drives the car and the counterweight to move up and down, and a hoistway arranged endlessly via a governor pulley and connected to the car A governor rope that moves up and down, a pair of drive bevel gears that are mounted on the horizontal shaft of the governor pulley and have gear inclinations in opposite directions, and a pair that engages with the drive bevel gears and rotates in opposite directions. Driven bevel gears, a pair of centrifugal speed governors connected to each of the driven bevel gears via a vertical axis, and the ascending speed or descending speed of the lifting body detected by the centrifugal speed governor. A lifting / lowering body stop switch that stops driving of the lifting / lowering body when a predetermined value is exceeded, and the centrifugal governor includes an ascending speed control unit that controls the ascending speed of the car, A descent control unit for controlling the descent speed, Elevator apparatus characterized by setting the speed limit of the speed unit lower than the limit speed of the raising governor unit.   2. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pair of drive bevel gears mounted on a horizontal shaft of the governor pulley and having gear inclinations in opposite directions are disposed on opposite sides of the governor pulley. An elevator device characterized by that.   3. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driven bevel gear is connected to the ascending speed governor via the vertical shaft, and is connected to the descending speed governor via the vertical shaft. An elevator characterized in that the driven bevel gear is provided with a one-way clutch device for transmitting the rotation of the driven bevel gear to the vertical shaft when the rotational speed of the driven bevel gear exceeds a certain value in the same direction. apparatus.   The elevator apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the one-way clutch device includes a bearing that is interposed at an intermediate position of the vertical shaft and that supports the upper portion of the vertical shaft freely with respect to the driven bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear. A pendulum disposed inside and displaced in accordance with the rotation of the driven bevel gear, an adjustment spring that biases the pendulum toward the vertical axis, and fixed above the bearing of the vertical axis, An elevator apparatus comprising: a speed detection rotator disposed; and a claw portion that is formed with an inclination inside the speed detection rotator and engages with the pendulum during forward rotation.   The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the centrifugal governor includes a vertical shaft supported by the driven bevel gear, and an arm pivotally supported on an upper end portion of the vertical shaft; A fly ball fixed to the lower end of the arm; a sliding tube fitted to the vertical shaft; and a fly tube fitted to the vertical shaft and disposed between the upper end of the vertical shaft and the sliding tube. An elevator apparatus comprising a flyball speed governor having a spring for biasing a cylinder downward.   6. The elevator apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a spring constant of a spring that urges the sliding cylinder in the ascending speed adjusting portion is greater than a spring constant of a spring that urges the sliding cylinder in the descending speed adjusting portion. The elevator is characterized by a large setting.

Images