JP6235061B2 - Power supply system using renewable energy-based power generation facilities - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system using a renewable energy-based power generation facility that can supply power efficiently and stably in, for example, a remote island where a large-scale power plant does not exist.

  Conventionally, a small energy network having a natural energy supply source such as solar power generation or wind power generation and a consumption facility, a so-called microgrid has been put into practical use.

  In such a facility, in order to compensate for output fluctuations based on climate change etc. of the natural energy supply source, the power storage device is equipped to charge and discharge, and the microgrid is connected to an existing external power system, or A microgrid power transmission / distribution system is also connected to a power plant owned by a general electric utility, and it is possible to receive power interchange from an existing external power system as required (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2011-114900 A JP 2006-204081 A

  By the way, the conventional microgrid is based on the premise that there is an existing external power system in the suburbs of the area where the microgrid is installed, or the existence of a power plant owned by a general electric utility. In remote islands where no power generation infrastructure such as existing power generation facilities exist, there is a problem that it is difficult to install.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and supplies power efficiently and stably in an off-grid that does not use fossil fuel even in areas such as remote islands where no existing power generation facilities exist. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system using a renewable energy-based power generation facility that makes it possible.

  In addition, the present invention can intensively accumulate power supply and demand information in a region where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied in a foreign country using a communication satellite or the Internet network in a cloud server in Japan, Use of the accumulated information for the bilateral credit system (JCM (Joint Crediting Mechanism)) regarding the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the measurement, reporting and verification (MRV (Measurement Reporting Verification)) of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reductions An object is to provide a system that can do this.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
First, power supply and demand composed of power generation equipment using only renewable energy, power storage equipment, power generation equipment with a reserve load, and a plurality of consumers who receive only power supply from the power generation equipment The power supply / demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area, and the power supply / demand status of the power supply / demand unit system is monitored in the predetermined area, and the power supply / demand unit system The power supply / demand balance control is provided, and each power generation facility and each consumer is provided with a smart meter, and the power supply / demand supply is provided via each smart meter. By wireless communication with the unit system, data on power consumption in each consumer, data on power generated in each power generation facility, and Receives data related to the remaining battery level of the power storage equipment, and performs balance control of power supply by wirelessly transmitting a control command for power supply / demand balance to the power supply / demand unit system based on these data. And the monitoring and control device monitors the generated power of the power generation facility and the power consumption of the consumer, and if the amount of power generation is excessive, a preliminary load drive command unit that performs a preliminary load control operation for driving the preliminary load; A demand control command unit that performs a demand response control operation including a power limit command for the consumer in the case of a shortage of supply power, and the amount of generated power by the preliminary load drive command unit and the demand control command unit The power storage facility is composed of a plurality of storage batteries and the remaining battery capacity that can detect the remaining storage battery capacity. A measurement system is provided, and the preliminary load drive command unit of the monitoring control device sets the upper limit to a value that is lower than the maximum value of the remaining battery level detected by the remaining battery level measurement system. A drive start command unit that can transmit a drive start command to start driving the preliminary load as the control command when the remaining amount of storage battery reaches the value, and detected by the battery remaining amount measurement system by driving the preliminary load A drive stop command unit that stops the drive of the preliminary load as the control command when the stored battery remaining amount is higher than the minimum value of the remaining amount of storage battery, It is comprised by the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation equipment characterized by comprising.

Specifically, the power supply / demand unit system can be composed of a power generation facility (1A to 1C) using renewable energy and a plurality of consumers (10) receiving power supply from the power generation facility. The predetermined area is, for example, a remote island. Examples of the power generator include a solar power generator (2) and a wind power generator (3). The power storage facility can be constituted by a plurality of capacitors (4), for example. The preliminary load is, for example, an EV charger (36). The data related to the power consumption is, for example, power consumption information. The data relating to the generated power is, for example, supply power amount information. The data relating to the remaining battery level of the power storage facility is, for example, remaining battery level data of the storage battery (4). The control commands are various commands sent to power generation equipment or consumers such as a preliminary load drive command and a power limit command. If comprised in this way, electric power can be efficiently and stably supplied off-grid also in areas, such as a remote island in which sufficient power generation infrastructure and communication infrastructure do not exist, for example. If comprised in this way, even if it is renewable energy utilization power generation facilities, such as solar power generation or wind power generation, stable electric power can be supplied. The upper limit value that is lower than the maximum value of the remaining amount of storage battery can be, for example, a value at which the remaining battery amount for full charge (100%) is 90%. The lower limit value of the value where the remaining amount of the storage battery is higher than the minimum value of the remaining amount of the storage battery can be, for example, a value where the remaining battery amount for full charge (100%) is 30%. If comprised in this way, when surplus electric power arises, a reserve load can be driven and surplus electric power can be used effectively. Moreover, since charging / discharging is performed in, for example, 30% to 90% of the storage battery, the battery life of the storage battery can be extended.

Second, power supply and demand composed of power generation equipment using only renewable energy, power storage equipment, power generation equipment provided with a backup load, and a plurality of consumers who receive only power supply from the power generation equipment The power supply / demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area, and the power supply / demand status of the power supply / demand unit system is monitored in the predetermined area, and the power supply / demand unit system The power supply / demand balance control is provided, and each power generation facility and each consumer is provided with a smart meter, and the power supply / demand supply is provided via each smart meter. By wireless communication with the unit system, data on power consumption in each consumer, data on power generated in each power generation facility, and Receives data related to the remaining battery level of the power storage equipment, and performs balance control of power supply by wirelessly transmitting a control command for power supply / demand balance to the power supply / demand unit system based on these data. And the monitoring and control device monitors the generated power of the power generation facility and the power consumption of the consumer, and if the amount of power generation is excessive, a preliminary load drive command unit that performs a preliminary load control operation for driving the preliminary load; A demand control command unit that performs a demand response control operation including a power limit command for the consumer in the case of a shortage of supply power, and the amount of generated power by the preliminary load drive command unit and the demand control command unit The power storage facility is composed of a plurality of storage batteries and the remaining battery capacity that can detect the remaining storage battery capacity. A measurement system is provided, a reserve storage battery is provided in addition to the storage battery, the remaining battery level of the reserve storage battery is configured to be detectable by the remaining battery level measurement system, and the reserve load drive command unit of the monitoring control device is The battery remaining amount detected by the battery remaining amount measurement system is set to a value lower than the maximum value of the remaining amount of storage battery as an upper limit value, and a charge command for the reserve storage battery is issued when the remaining battery charge reaches the upper limit value. Transmitting, when it is detected that the sunset has occurred, a reserve storage battery charge command section that transmits a charge stop command for the reserve storage battery, and a value that the storage battery remaining amount is higher than the minimum value of the remaining storage battery as a lower limit value, When the remaining storage capacity reaches the lower limit value, a discharge command for the reserve storage battery is transmitted, and the storage battery is charged by the discharge of the reserve storage battery, and the remaining storage battery level becomes higher than the lower limit value. To the above spare A storage battery discharge command unit that transmits a storage battery discharge stop command, and a second backup storage battery charge command unit that charges the backup battery for a certain period of time during which the storage battery is charged. Consists of a power supply system that uses renewable energy power generation facilities.

The upper limit value that is lower than the maximum value of the remaining amount of storage battery as the remaining amount of storage battery can be, for example, a value where the remaining amount of storage battery is 85%. The lower limit value that is higher than the minimum value of the remaining amount of storage battery as the remaining amount of storage battery can be, for example, a value where the remaining amount of storage battery is 33%. The value higher than the lower limit value may be a value where the remaining battery capacity is 35%, for example. The fixed period of daytime can be, for example, 1 hour from 12:00 to 13:00. If comprised in this way, the surplus electric power charged by the storage battery can be charged to the spare storage battery during the daytime, and when the remaining capacity of the storage battery decreases at night, the storage battery is discharged by discharging the reserve storage battery. Can be charged, and the remaining battery charge can be used efficiently.

Third, the demand control command unit in the monitoring and control apparatus includes a power limit command unit that transmits a power limit command for limiting power consumption to the specific consumer as the control command, and a shortage of supply power. It is comprised by the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation equipment of the said 1st or 2 which comprises the recovery instruction | indication part which transmits a recovery instruction | indication with respect to the said consumer when it eliminates .

If comprised in this way, when power consumption exceeds generated power, the power consumption of a specific consumer can be restrict | limited and excessive power usage can be suppressed.

Fourthly, the power generation equipment using the renewable energy is composed of a solar power generator, a wind power generator, a biomass power generator, a hydroelectric power generator, or a combination of any two or more thereof. The supply / demand unit system is the power generation facility using renewable energy according to any one of the above first to third aspects that is not connected to an external power system that is an existing power plant and is configured as a complete off-grid. It is comprised by the used electric power supply system.

If comprised in this way, the power supply system which can supply electric power stably can be provided also on the remote island etc. in which the existing power plant does not exist.

Fifth, two or more power supply / demand unit systems are provided in the predetermined area, and the monitoring and control device performs wireless communication with the two or more power supply / demand unit systems, thereby controlling power supply balance. It is comprised by the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation equipment in any one of the said 1st-4 which performs this .

Sixth, there is provided a cloud server device capable of receiving and storing the data related to power consumption in the monitoring and control device, the data related to generated power, and the data related to the remaining battery level via a communication network, and the cloud server device The monitoring and control apparatus is configured by a power supply system using the renewable energy-use power generation facility according to the first or second aspect, which is connected to be able to communicate with each other via a communication satellite and / or the Internet network .

Even if the power supply / demand unit system and the monitoring control device are installed on a remote island, for example, overseas, the power supply / demand situation on the remote island can be monitored in Japan via a cloud server in Japan, for example.

  According to the present invention, power can be supplied efficiently and stably on an off-grid, for example, in an area such as a remote island where sufficient power generation infrastructure does not exist.

  Moreover, even if it is renewable energy utilization power generation facilities, such as solar power generation or wind power generation, stable electric power can be supplied.

  Even if the power supply / demand unit system and the monitoring control device are installed on a remote island overseas, for example, the power supply / demand situation of the remote island can be monitored in Japan via a cloud server, for example.

  In addition, when surplus power is generated, the standby load can be driven to effectively use the surplus power, and when the power consumption exceeds the generated power, the power consumption of a specific consumer can be limited. In addition, by suppressing excessive power use, it is possible to achieve an appropriate power supply / demand balance.

  In addition, surplus electric power charged in the storage battery can be charged in the spare storage battery during the daytime, and when the remaining capacity of the storage battery decreases at night, the backup battery is discharged to charge the storage battery. It is possible to use the remaining storage battery amount efficiently.

  In addition, power supply and demand information in regions where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to foreign countries can be intensively stored in cloud servers in Japan using communication satellites, etc. For example, it can be used for the bilateral credit system (JCM) regarding greenhouse gas emission reduction and the measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reduction.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a power supply system using a power generation facility using renewable energy according to the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the relationship between the power generation equipment of a system same as the above, and a consumer. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the power generation equipment of a system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the connection structure of the generator of a system same as the above, and a cooperation inverter. It is explanatory drawing which shows the radio | wireless communication structure of a system same as the above. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure in the monitoring control apparatus of a system same as the above. (A) is a characteristic diagram showing the time lapse of the remaining battery capacity for explaining the prediction of preliminary load control in the supervisory control device of the same system, and (b) explains the prediction of demand control in the supervisory control device of the same system. It is a characteristic view which shows the time passage of the demand power value for. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a monitoring control apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a smart power manager. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a battery remaining charge measurement system. The data memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of a monitoring control apparatus are shown, and the data regarding a consumer are shown. The data memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of a monitoring control apparatus are shown, and the data regarding power generation equipment are shown. The data memorize | stored in the memory | storage part of a monitoring control apparatus are shown, (a) shows the data regarding a storage battery, (b) shows the data regarding a backup storage battery. It is a block diagram which shows the structure regarding the preliminary | backup load of a system same as the above. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed procedure from step S6 of FIG. 6 to step S12. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of a smart power manager. It is a flowchart which shows the detail of the procedure from step S18 of FIG. 6 to step S19. It is a block diagram which shows other embodiment of the power generation equipment of a system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the connection structure of the generator and cooperation inverter in other embodiment of a system same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of a system same as the above. (A) is a characteristic diagram of the remaining battery level showing the charging / discharging operation of the storage battery of the above system, and (b) is a characteristic diagram of the remaining battery level indicating the charging / discharging operation of the standby storage battery. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement procedure of the monitoring control apparatus regarding the charge / discharge of a reserve storage battery. It is a functional block diagram of CPU which performs demand control and preliminary load control. It is a functional block diagram of CPU which performs charge / discharge control of a reserve storage battery.

  Hereinafter, the power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to the present invention will be described in detail.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a power supply system for a renewable energy-use power generation facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the connection relationship between each power generation facility and a customer.

  This embodiment demonstrates the case where this system is installed in the remote islands other than Japan in which the existing power generation facility does not exist.

  The system includes a plurality of renewable energy power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C (hereinafter referred to as “power generation facilities”) each including a solar power generator (solar power generation facility) 2 and a wind power generator (wind power generation facility) 3. (In this embodiment, it is installed in three places on the isolated island), located in the vicinity of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C, via each distribution network 9 of each power generation facility 1A-1C , A plurality of consumers 10 that receive power supply from the corresponding power generation facility 1, and supply power amount information (power generation amount [kwh] or power generation power) that is constantly transmitted wirelessly from each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C [Kw]), power generation voltage [V], power factor [cosφ], frequency [Hz], etc.) and information of each storage battery 4 (voltage [V], current [A], remaining amount [%], etc.), above Power consumption information (power consumption [kw] constantly transmitted from each customer 10 wirelessly Or power consumption [kw], voltage [V], power factor [cosφ], frequency [Hz], etc.) and wirelessly transmit command signals to each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C. A monitoring control device 15 (installed at one location in the remote island) as an energy management system (EMS) that performs optimal control of the amount of power supplied in ˜1C, the monitoring control device 15, the communication satellite 30 and / or the Internet It is connected via a network 31 and is composed of, for example, an information collection device (cloud server) 16 existing in Japan.

  In addition, although the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 are shown as said renewable energy utilization power generation equipment, as a renewable energy utilization power generation equipment, it is not restricted to this, A biomass power generator, a hydroelectric power generator, and other renewable energy You may use the power generation equipment using.

  Here, when individually identifying the power generation equipment, reference numerals 1A, 1B, and 1C are used, and when not specified, reference numeral 1 is used. Moreover, also about each customer 10, when specifying individually, codes, such as 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, are used, and code | symbol 10 is used when not specifying. Further, a “power supply / demand unit system” is configured by the power generation facilities (1A to 1C) and a plurality of consumers (10) that receive power supply from the power generation facilities (1A to 1C).

  The power generation amount (supplied power amount information) of each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C and the information on the storage battery are described later as a smart power manager (SPM) 22 (see FIG. 4) provided for each power generation facility 1A to 1C. Based on the control, the bidirectional smart meter 11 provided in each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C via a WiFi wireless transmission / reception device (data collection device) 12 having a function as a data collection device, and a wireless repeater 13 , It is configured to be able to wirelessly transmit to the monitoring control device 15.

  In addition, the power consumption of each consumer 10 (the power consumption information) is transferred from the bidirectional smart meter 18 (see FIG. 2) provided in each consumer 10 to the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 as a data collection device. It is configured to be transmitted wirelessly and transmitted from the transmission / reception device 12 to the monitoring control device 15 via the wireless relay device 13.

  Moreover, in the said monitoring control apparatus 15, based on the power supply amount information from the said power generation facilities 1A-1C, the information regarding the said storage battery, the power consumption amount information from each said consumer 10, etc., to each said power generation facility 1A-1C. On the other hand, the power generation amount control command information, the control command information of each device, and the charge / discharge command for each storage battery 4 are wirelessly transmitted to each consumer 10. Furthermore, the monitoring control device 15 transmits the supplied power amount information, the storage battery information, and the consumed power amount information to the cloud server 16 via the communication satellite 30 and the Internet network 31.

  In the cloud server 16, data related to the power supply / demand status on the remote island from the monitoring control device 15 via the communication satellite 30 or the Internet network 31 (the supplied power amount information, the consumed power amount information, the information related to the storage battery). Are acquired and accumulated sequentially. The accumulated data will be used as basic data for the bilateral credit system (JCM) with the country where the power system is installed, and the implementation status of greenhouse gas emission reduction will be measured, reported and verified. It can be used as (MRV) data. In an area where the Internet network 31 does not exist, the monitoring control device 15 and the cloud server 16 can communicate with each other via the communication satellite 30 (for example, Inmarsat (registered trademark)).

  The power generation facilities 1A to 1C are configured as shown in FIG. Since each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C has the same configuration, the power generation facility 1A will be described here (see also FIG. 3).

  The power generation facility 1A includes a solar power generator 2 composed of a plurality of solar power generation panels, a wind power generator 3 composed of a plurality of small wind power generators, and a power for converting these powers. Converter 5 (PV converter 5a, PV is an abbreviation of Photovoltaics), wind power converter 5b), grid-connected inverter 6, and a plurality of storage batteries for guaranteeing output fluctuations of the generators 2 and 3 (power storage facility comprising lead storage batteries) ) 4 and a plurality of battery controllers 7 for controlling charging / discharging of the storage battery 4. In addition, when representing the storage battery 4 individually, reference numerals 4-1 and 4-2 are used.

  More specifically, the DC bus 21 for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) is converted by converting the direct-current voltage generated in the solar power generator 2 into a direct-current voltage (for example, DC 380 V) having a different voltage value. (See FIG. 4) PV converter 5 a sent to the wind turbine generator 3, AC voltage generated by the wind power generator 3 is converted into a DC voltage (for example, DC 380 V) and sent to the DC bus 21, and sent from the DC bus 21. It is comprised from the system | strain cooperation inverter 6 which converts the direct current | flow of DC380V to AC voltage (for example, single phase alternating current 220V) (refer FIG. 3).

  The storage battery 4 is provided with six 1-unit storage batteries 4 each having 2v × 24 cells having a capacity of 20 [kwh], and a battery controller 7 for controlling charging / discharging corresponding to each storage battery 4 is provided. Two batteries are provided in each unit of storage battery 4 (each battery controller 7 is in charge of 10 [kwh]), and each battery controller 7 is connected to the DC bus 21 of the DC380V.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the converters 5a and 5b and the battery controller 7 are connected by a communication bus 23, and a smart power manager (SPM) 22 and a battery remaining amount measuring system (BMU) are described later. 24 is also connected by the communication bus 23. The smart power manager 22 charges and discharges the storage battery 4 via the battery remaining amount measuring system 24 based on a command signal sent from the smart meter 11 (command signal transmitted from the monitoring control device 15). And the amount of power generated by the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 is controlled.

  Each power generation facility 1 sends, for example, 220 V single-phase AC power or 380 V three-phase AC power to the distribution network 9 via the AC switching distribution board 8 from the grid cooperation inverter 6, and each customer 10 via the distribution network 9. For example, a single-phase AC power of 220 V or a three-phase power of 380 V is transmitted.

  The smart meter 11 is installed on the output side of the AC switching switchboard 8 of each power generation facility 1, and information on the power generation amount in the power generation facility 1 (the supplied power amount information) is provided for each power generation facility 1. It is configured to be able to wirelessly transmit to the installed WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12.

  The WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 modulates data related to the amount of power (wired power amount information, storage battery information and power consumption information) transmitted wirelessly from the smart meter 11 using a 2.4 GHz band carrier wave. In addition, the wireless signal can be wirelessly transmitted to the repeater 13 as a WiFi standard wireless signal. The WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 receives various command signals transmitted wirelessly from the monitoring control device 15 via the relay device 13 and wirelessly transmits the various command signals to the smart meters 11 and 18. To do.

  Here, in the power generation facility 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the electric power from the solar power generator 2, the wind power generator 3, and the storage battery 4 is converted to the converter 5 (5 a, 5 b), the battery controller 7. The DC bus 21 is supplied as a direct current to the DC bus (380V) 21, and the DC bus 21 is connected to the system linkage inverter 6, converted into alternating current by the inverter 6, and connected to the AC switching switchboard 8. Thus, the electric power from the solar power generator 2, the wind power generator 3, and the storage battery 4 performs, for example, 380V high-voltage direct current power supply (HVDC), and all the direct current through the DC bus 21 and the linked inverter 6 Is configured to be converted into alternating current by the associated inverter 6.

  If comprised in this way, the same installation (high voltage direct current power supply installation S of FIG. 4) can be easily connected and expanded to the said system | strain cooperation inverter 6 via an optical fiber, and expansion of a system is performed easily. Can do.

  4, the converter 5 (5a, 5b), the battery controller 7 and the smart power manager 22 are connected by a communication bus 23, and the smart power manager 22 and the system linkage inverter 6 are connected to the communication bus 23. Connect with. The command from the monitoring control device 15 is received by the smart power manager 22 via the smart meter 11, and the smart power manager 22 controls the power generated by the generators 2 and 3, The charging or discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled.

  The storage battery 4 uses a lead storage battery, and is connected to the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24. The system 24 monitors the remaining battery level, voltage, current, and the like. It is transmitted from the smart power manager 22 to the monitoring control device 15.

  In each customer 10 (see FIG. 2 and the like), the customer 10 is provided with the smart meter 18 and a controller 19 for controlling power consumption in each customer 10. The information regarding the power consumption amount of each consumer is transmitted to the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving apparatus 12 (see FIG. 1). The communication between each customer 10 and the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 is relatively short distance, and therefore can be performed by WiFi short-range wireless communication (for example, 2.4 MHz band).

  The smart meter 18 in the customer 10 has a plurality of devices connected to the plurality of input / output contacts, and selection control of each device can be specified by the number of the contact. Therefore, by including the contact number in the command signal from the supervisory control device 15, the supervisory control device 15 controls a specific device of the customer 10 (for example, turning on / off the power of the specific device). It is also possible.

  Similarly, the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 transmits power consumption data (the power consumption information) to the wireless repeater 13 as a WiFi standard wireless signal using a 2.4 GHz carrier wave. It is configured as follows.

  The WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 receives control information (control command) from the supervisory control device 15 transmitted from the wireless repeater 13 to each power generation facility 1 or the customer 10, and may be information related to its own power generation facility. For example, the operation of the power generation facility is controlled based on the control information (control command) via the smart power manager 22. Further, if the control information (control command) belongs to a specific consumer, the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 converts the control information (control command) into a WiFi signal and directs it to the corresponding customer 10. Wirelessly transmit.

  For example, three wireless repeaters 13 are installed in an area where the three power generation facilities 1 are installed, and can perform simultaneous communication in a plurality of frequency bands (multiple input multiple output (MIMO)). )) Can be used to transmit and receive 2.4 GHz band carrier waves transmitted from each WiFi wireless transceiver 12 and wirelessly according to the WiFi standard with 5 GHz band carrier waves between the repeaters 13. Communication is possible (see FIG. 5).

  Each of the wireless repeaters 13 is configured to be able to communicate with the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 of the monitoring control device 15 using the carrier wave according to the WiFi standard.

  The monitoring control device 15 can grasp the power generation amount of each power generation facility 1 and the power consumption amount of each consumer via each wireless relay device 13, and each power generation facility 1A to 1C from the monitoring control device 15. Alternatively, a control command signal directed to a specific customer 10 can be wirelessly transmitted using a 2.4 GHz band carrier wave of the WiFi standard.

  In this way, by using large-capacity WiFi for communication, data collection, demand control, and preload control can be performed by WiFi wireless communication even in remote island areas where the development of broadband networks is delayed. High quality power supply can be performed.

  The reach of the 2.4 GHz band radio wave demonstration test of the WiFi standard is about 1 km to 2 km for the omnidirectional antenna, and the reach of the 5 GHz band radio wave test of the WiFi standard is about 2.5 km for the semi-directional antenna. Since it is ˜3 km, as shown in FIG. 5, the relay device 13 is installed at three locations separated by, for example, about 2.5 km so that each of them forms a vertex of a triangle. And the said power generation equipment 1A-1C is arrange | positioned so that the WiFi radio | wireless transmission / reception apparatus 12 of each power generation equipment 1 may be located in the range E of the circle | round | yen within 2 km in diameter centering on each radio repeater 13. FIG.

  By connecting the smart meter 18 of each customer 10 and the WiFi wireless transmission device 12 using the WiFi wireless communication system in the 2.4 GHz band, it is possible to achieve a reach of about 2 km. Therefore, the wireless transceivers 12 of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C and the consumers 10 can communicate with each other as long as they are within a circle with a diameter of 2 km. In the Zigbee (registered trademark) standard, the reach of the 2.4 GHz band radio wave is about 3.2 km. Therefore, if the wireless communication system of the Zigbee (registered trademark) standard is used, wireless transmission / reception of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C is performed. The machine 12 and each customer 10 can communicate with each other as long as they are within a circle having a diameter of 3.2 km.

  Next, the preliminary load provided in each power generation facility 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, an EV charger (EV) 36, a pumping pump 37, and a sewage pump 39 are connected to the distribution network 9 of the power generation facility 1 as preliminary loads. A smart meter 29 is connected. Also, a smart meter control system 60 (SMC) that controls the smart meter 29 of the preload, the smart meter 18 of the customer 10 and the smart meter 11 of each power generation facility is provided for each power generation facility 1. (See FIG. 20 and the like).

  Here, the overall control configuration of the system of the present invention is shown in FIG. 20, and an outline of the control system will be described. The monitoring control device (EMS) 15 (see FIG. 8) charges / discharges the storage battery 4 of each power generation facility 1 based on the supplied power amount information, the information about the storage battery, and the power consumption information transmitted from each power generation facility 1. The power consumption of the consumer 10 is controlled. The smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9 and the like) passes through the battery controller 7 based on the control command from the monitoring control device 15 and the information such as the remaining battery level from the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24. Then, charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled. Further, the smart meter control system (SMC) 60 once receives a control command from the monitoring and control device 15, and supplies each of the smart meters 11, 18, and 29 of the power generation facility 1, the customer 10, and the spare load to the smart meter 11 It has a relay mechanism that transmits a control command signal.

  Next, specific configurations of the monitoring control device (EMS) 15, the smart power manager (SPM) 22, and the battery remaining amount measurement system (BMU) 24 will be described.

  The monitoring control device (EMS) 15 has the configuration shown in FIG. The monitoring control device 15 includes a program storage unit 15a as a main storage device that stores a control program of an operation procedure shown in FIGS. 6, 15, 17, and 22 to be described later, a CPU 15b that performs various controls according to the control program, A data storage unit 15c that temporarily stores various data during the operation process of the control program, a communication unit 15d that communicates with the WiFi wireless transceiver 20 via a hub, an input unit 15e such as a keyboard, and displays various information A display unit 15 f such as a monitor is provided, and these devices are connected via a communication bus 25.

  The smart power manager (SPM) 22 has the configuration shown in FIG. The smart power manager 22 includes a program storage unit 22a as a main storage device that stores a program of an operation procedure shown in FIG. 16 to be described later, a CPU 22b that performs various controls in accordance with the program, and temporarily stores various data during the operation process of the program. A data storage unit 22c for storing data and a communication unit 22d for communicating with the smart meter 11 are connected to each other via the communication bus 26. The communication bus 26 is connected to the communication bus 23 via the I / O 22e (see FIG. 4). The smart power manager 22 is provided for each power generation facility 1. Reference numeral 22d 'denotes a wireless transceiver for performing transmission / reception with the smart meter 11.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the battery remaining amount measuring system (BMU) 24 receives a command from the state sensor 24a and the communication bus 23 for detecting the remaining amount, voltage, current and the like of the storage battery 4, and receives a command from the communication bus 23. A CPU 24b for confirming and reporting the remaining battery level, a data storage unit 24d for storing various data such as the remaining battery level, and the remaining data sent from the CPU 24b to the communication bus 23, Alternatively, the communication unit 24c is configured to send a remaining amount instruction command from the battery controller 7 to the CPU 24b. The battery remaining amount measuring system 24 is provided for each power generation facility.

  Next, the EMS power supply balance control system performed by the monitoring control device 15 will be described.

  The monitoring control device 15 performs demand response control when the power of each power generation facility 1 is insufficient and preload control when the power generation amount of each power generation facility 1 is excessive.

  Based on the transmission data (battery remaining amount data (percentage data)) from each power generation facility 1 (BMU 24), the monitoring controller 15 sets the minimum storage battery remaining amount A (the lowest value of FIG. 7A) of each power generation facility 1. 30%) and current (every fixed time interval) storage battery remaining amount a1 (see FIG. 13, m1 + m2 + m3 +...). Specifically, the lowest value (30%), the maximum value (90%), and the like are stored in the data storage unit 15c as reference values (see FIGS. 23 and 24).

  In addition, the monitoring control device 15 receives data on the power consumption (demand value B, b1 value in FIG. 7B) (kwh) of the customer 10 corresponding to each power generation facility 1 at certain time intervals. (See FIG. 11, d1, d2, d3, etc.)

  On the other hand, in the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 8, data storage unit 15c), the maximum power consumption of the power generation facility 1 (total of solar power, wind power, and storage battery power = demand set value C ) (Kw) is set as the reference value, and the monitoring control device 15 compares the demand value B with the demand setting value C and grasps the difference as the demand deviation D (kw). For example, when the current demand value (power consumption) B exceeds the demand setting value C, it is recognized as demand uneven distribution D.

  Thereafter, the monitoring control device 15 performs calculation processing by taking into account the demand deviation D, for example, the storage battery supply margin prediction E after 30 minutes and the load control prediction F (= D) based on the minimum storage battery remaining amount A. , A load control command G, in this case, a load control command G for limiting the power usage of the consumer 10 is obtained.

  Thereafter, the load control command G compensates for the power shortage by making the generated power coincide with the load control prediction F by compensating the demand deviation D. The load control command G is wirelessly transmitted to the target consumer 10.

  Further, when the power generation amount in each of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C is excessive, preliminary load control is performed. As the preload, a desalination device, an ice maker, and the like are provided, and operation control commands for these devices are wirelessly transmitted to each preload device by surplus power.

  More specific control of the monitoring control device 15 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The supervisory control device (EMS) 15 is connected to each customer 10 (10-1, 10-2, 10-3...: The customer 10 is commonly provided in the power distribution network 9 of each power generation facility). Information on power consumption from the smart meter 18 (power consumption information, ie, power consumption [kwh] or power consumption [kw], voltage [v], power factor [cosφ], frequency [Hz]) The data is received by the communication unit 15d via the communication network (WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12, repeater 13, WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20) (FIG. 6, step S1) (see FIG. 8). And the said monitoring control apparatus 15 memorize | stores those data one by one in the storage area 27 (refer FIG. 11) of the data storage part 15c for every consumer. In the transmission data of each consumer, an ID number that is different for each consumer indicating the consumer (for example, ID = 101 for the customer 10-1 and ID = 102 for the customer 10-2). Etc.), and the monitoring control device 15 stores each data for each consumer in each storage area 10-1, 10-2, 10-3... 10 for each consumer based on the ID number. It memorizes sequentially.

  At the same time, based on the control of the smart power manager 22, the supervisory control device (EMS) 15 is configured to provide data related to the generated power from the smart meter 11 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C (the supplied power amount information, that is, Information on the amount of generated power [kwh] or generated power [kw], voltage [v], current [A], power factor [cosφ], and frequency [Hz]) in a communication network (WiFi wireless transceiver 12, repeater 13, The data is received by the communication unit 15d via the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20) (FIG. 6, step S2).

  And the said monitoring control apparatus 15 memorize | stores those data sequentially for every power generation installation in the storage area 28 of the data storage part 15c (refer FIG. 12). Similarly to the customer data, the transmission data from each power generation facility 1 includes a different ID number for each power generation facility indicating each power generation facility (for example, power generation facility 1A has ID = 1A, power generation facility 1B has ID = 1B, The power generation facility 1C includes ID = 1C, etc., and the monitoring control device 15 stores each data for each power generation facility based on the ID number in each data storage unit 15c for each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C. The data are sequentially stored in the storage areas 1A, 1B, and 1C (see FIG. 12). In addition, the amount of generated power or generated power, voltage, and current are stored separately for each of the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 of each power generation facility.

  As described above, all the data sent from the customer 10 or the power generation facility 1 to the monitoring control device 15 includes the ID number, and the monitoring control device 15 receives information from any customer 10 or power generation facility 1. It is configured so that it can be determined whether it is data. Further, when data is transmitted from the monitoring control device 15 to each customer 10 or each power generation facility 1, when data is transmitted to a specific customer 10 or specific power generation facility 1, the specific consumer The ID number of 10 or a specific power generation facility 1 is transmitted simultaneously.

  In addition, the monitoring control device 15 receives information on the power [kw], voltage [V], current [A], and battery remaining amount [%] of each storage battery 4 from the smart meter 11 for each power generation facility 1. These are stored in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (see FIG. 13A). In the storage area 38, the data of the six storage batteries 4 of the power generation facility 1A are stored in the storage areas 4-1 to 4-6, respectively. FIG. 13A shows only the storage area 38 of the power generation facility 1A, but the storage battery data of the other power generation facilities 1B and 1C are also stored separately in the storage area 38.

  Further, the monitoring control device 15 sums the power consumption amounts of the respective consumers 10 and calculates a total power consumption amount (Σpower consumption amount = d1 + d2 + d3 +...) At regular intervals, and the data storage unit 27. (Refer to FIG. 6, step S3, FIG. 11). At the same time, the monitoring control device 15 sums the power generation amounts of the power generation facilities 1A to 1C, calculates the total power generation amount (Σpower generation amount = e1 + e2 + e3 + e4 + e5 + e6) at regular time intervals, and stores them in the storage area 28. (See FIG. 6, step S4, FIG. 12).

  Next, the monitoring control device 15 compares the total power generation amount (Σpower generation power) with the total power consumption amount (Σpower consumption) and performs a prediction operation (step S5 in FIG. 6). Preliminary load prediction (FIG. 7A, FIG. 6 step S6 and after) in a certain case and demand prediction when power consumption exceeds generated power (FIG. 7B, FIG. 6 step S8 and after) are performed. At this time, in the case of (Σpower generation power = Σpower consumption), power generation is continued with the current status maintained (FIG. 6, steps S7 and S15).

  As a result of the prediction, the monitoring control device 15 performs the following preload control when (Σpower generation> Σpower consumption) (FIG. 6, step S6 and subsequent steps). In the following description, FIG. 23, which is a functional block diagram of the CPU 15b of the monitoring control device 15, is referred to as appropriate.

  In this case, the current remaining battery level of the storage battery 4 of the power generation facility is confirmed based on the remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) 24 (see FIG. 6, step S9, FIG. 7 (a) point a1). The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, battery remaining amount request command unit 41) transmits a battery remaining amount request command for each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C to each smart power manager 22 for each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C. (Refer FIG.15 step S9-1). This battery remaining amount request command is wirelessly transmitted from the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 to the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C via the hub from the communication unit 15d.

  The battery remaining amount request command is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C via the repeater 13, and each smart power from each smart meter 11 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C. Each is wirelessly transmitted to the manager 22. When the smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9) in each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C receives the battery remaining amount request command via the communication unit 22d (see FIG. 16, step S1), the communication bus 23 The battery remaining amount measurement system (BMU) 24 is requested to report the remaining battery amount (see FIG. 16, step S2).

  For example, the remaining battery level measurement system 24 (see FIG. 10) of the power generation facility 1A receives the command via the communication unit 24c, and the CPU 24b of the system 24 receives the storage battery 4 from the state sensor 24a based on the command. The remaining amount of -1, 4-2, 4-3. Then, the remaining data m1, m2, m3 [%]... Of the storage batteries 4-1, 4-2, 4-3... Are sent to the communication bus 23 through the communication unit 24c together with their own ID numbers. The remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] Is received by the smart power manager 22 via the communication bus 23 (see step S3 in FIG. 16). The smart power manager 22 wirelessly transmits the remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] To the smart meter 11 via the communication unit 22d (wireless transmitter / receiver 22d ′) (see step S4 in FIG. 16). ), The smart meter 11 transmits the remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] From the WiFi wireless transmitting / receiving device 12 to the repeater 13, and the remaining amount data m1, m2, m3. The monitoring control device 15 receives the data via the wireless repeater 13 and the wireless transmission / reception device 20, and the monitoring control device 15 stores these data in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (FIG. 13A). FIG. 15, Steps S9-2 and S9-3).

  Battery remaining amount data m1, m2, m3... [%] From other power generation facilities 1B, 1C are also received and recorded by the monitoring control device 15 through the same route (FIG. 15, step S9- 2, S9-3). The monitoring control device 15 always receives the remaining battery data m1, m2, m3,... Of the storage batteries 4 of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C and updates them every predetermined time. The latest 38 remaining battery level data may be acquired as the latest remaining battery level data.

  And the said monitoring control apparatus 15 (FIG. 23, addition part 42) calculates | requires the total battery remaining (Σ battery remaining amount 1A = m1 + m2 + m3 ...) of the total battery remaining amount of each acquired power generation equipment 1A by calculation. (Refer to FIG. 15, step S9-3) and store it in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (see FIG. 13A).

  Similarly, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, addition unit 42) obtains the total battery remaining amount (Σ battery remaining amount 1B = m1 + m2 + m3..., Σ The remaining battery level 1C = m1 + m2 + m3... Is calculated and stored in the storage area 38 of the data storage unit 15c (see FIG. 13A, FIG. 15, step S9-3).

  Then, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, adding unit 42) obtains the total battery remaining amount of each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C = Σ battery remaining amount 1A + Σ battery remaining amount 1B + Σ battery remaining amount 1C). In this case, it is assumed that the total battery remaining amount Σ is point a1 (60%) in FIG. 7A (see FIG. 15, steps S9-3 and S10).

  At this time, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) refers to the reference value (maximum remaining amount 90%) of the data storage unit 15c, and the current remaining storage battery amount (point a1) is set to the maximum value. The monitoring and control device 15 (FIG. 23, prediction unit 44) recognizes this and the upper limit value of the remaining capacity of the storage battery based on the charging characteristic curve (characteristic curve in FIG. 7A). The time to reach 90% (time to point a2 in FIG. 7A) is predicted (see FIG. 6, steps S9 and S10). Specifically, the prediction unit 44 extends the characteristic curve of FIG. 7A (see the broken line in the figure), and obtains a time until it reaches 90% by calculation (see FIG. 15, step S10-1). . In this case, if the time to reach the maximum value of charging is “10 minutes”, the storage battery 4 is charged during that period (see FIG. 15, Step S10-2, FIG. 6, Step S11).

  Specifically, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the charging command unit 45) charges the storage battery 4 to the smart power manager 22 of all the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, 1C via the communication unit 15d. The command is transmitted as a control command (see step S10-2 in FIG. 15). This charging command is received from the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 via the relay device 13 by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C, and further via the smart meter 11 of each power generation facility. It is received by the communication unit 22d of the smart power manager 22 (see FIG. 9), and the charging command is recognized by each smart power manager 22 (see step S5 in FIG. 16).

  Then, the smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility sends out a charge command to the battery controller 7 via the communication bus 23 (see step S6 in FIG. 16). Based on the charging command, the battery controller 7 sends power sent from the solar power generator 2 to the DC bus 21 via the converter 5 and power sent from the wind power generation 3 to the DC bus 21 via the converter 5. Is charged into the storage battery 4.

  In the meantime, the battery remaining amount measuring system 24 (see FIG. 10) detects the remaining amount of the storage battery 4 by the constant state sensor 24a, and the remaining power data is transmitted from the communication unit 24c via the communication bus 23 to the smart power. It is sent to the manager 22 (see step S13 in FIG. 16). Therefore, the remaining battery power data m1, m2, m3... Is transmitted from the smart power manager 22 to the smart meter 11 during the charging period, and the monitoring control is performed via the wireless repeater 13 and the WiFi wireless transceiver 20. It is transmitted to the device 15 (see FIG. 16, steps S14 and S15). Therefore, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) can always grasp the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 4 even during the charging period. The smart power manager 22 stores the battery remaining amount data in the data storage unit 22c (see FIG. 16, step S14).

  When the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) determines that the remaining battery level reaches 90%, first, the charge stop command unit 46 (see FIG. 23) issues a charge stop command to each power generation facility. It transmits to the smart power manager 22 (refer FIG. 15, step S11, S11-1). When the charge stop command passes through the same route as described above and is received by each smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility 1 (see step S7 in FIG. 16), the manager 22 charges the battery controller 7. A stop command is transmitted (see FIG. 16, steps S7 and S8). Thereby, charging in each power generation facility is stopped. In addition, it is possible to stop charging in order from the power generation facility where the remaining amount of the storage battery has reached 90%. In this case, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, charge stop command unit 46) A charge stop command is transmitted together with the ID number.

  When the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) determines that the charging reaches 90%, the drive start command unit of the preliminary load drive command unit 47 (see FIG. 23) of the monitoring control device 15 47a transmits a drive command for the preliminary load (see step S12 in FIG. 6).

  Examples of the preload include the desalination apparatus and the ice making machine described above. FIG. 14 shows the EV charger 36 connected to the power distribution network 9. In this embodiment, the EV charger 36 is driven. A smart meter 29 is also connected to each of the preliminary loads, and each preliminary load is driven via each of the smart meters 29.

  At this time, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) determines the remaining battery level for each of the power generation facilities 1A, 1B, and 1C. The preliminary load drive command can be transmitted.

  The preliminary load drive command of the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, drive start command unit 47a) is transmitted from the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 via the hub from the communication unit 15d, and the preliminary load drive command is transmitted from the wireless repeater 13. Is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of each power generation facility 1A, 1B, 1C, and is received by each smart meter 11 via the wireless transmission / reception device 12.

  The smart meter 11 transmits the preliminary load driving command to the smart power manager 22, and the manager 22 drives the preliminary load based on the preliminary load driving command (see step S9 in FIG. 16). A drive command is transmitted to the EV charger 36, and the battery controller 7 is controlled so as to supply the electric power of the storage battery 4 to the EV charger 36 (see step S10 in FIG. 16). As a result, the EV charger 36 is charged with electric power for EV. In addition, what is necessary is just to transmit the ID number of the power generation equipment which transmits instruction | command with a preliminary | backup load drive instruction | command, when driving only the preliminary | backup load of specific power generation equipment 1A or 1B or 1C. In this case, the smart power manager 22 of each power generation facility determines whether or not the command is for itself based on the ID number, and drives the preliminary load only when the ID number matches is detected. If the ID numbers do not match, the preliminary load is not driven.

  Since the remaining battery level data is transmitted from the remaining battery level measurement system 24 to the smart power manager 22 during the preliminary load driving period as in the charging period (see FIG. 16, steps S13 to S15). The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) can always grasp the remaining battery level of the storage battery 4. When the preliminary load is driven, the remaining battery level gradually decreases from the point a2 (90%) by driving the preliminary load, as shown in FIG. Recognize a decrease in the battery level.

  Thereafter, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) monitors the remaining amount of the storage battery 4, and when the charge value of the storage battery 4 becomes 30% or less of the remaining battery amount, the monitoring control device 15 is driven. The stop command unit 47b (see FIG. 23) transmits a preliminary load drive stop guidance (see FIG. 6, steps S13 and S14). This preliminary load drive stop guidance is also transmitted from the communication unit 15d and the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20 and received by the smart power manager 22 via the wireless relay device 13 (see FIG. 16, step S11). Based on the driving stop command, the manager 22 transmits a preliminary load driving stop command to the preliminary load (EV charger 36) (see step S12 in FIG. 16). Based on this, the driving of the EV charger 36 (or the pumping pump 37 and the sewage pump 39) in the storage battery 4 is stopped.

  Further, the storage battery 4 is fully charged to the maximum value of 104% once a week under the control of the smart power manager 22 to prevent the performance of the storage battery from degrading (see step S16 in FIG. 16). When the battery controller 7 receives a full charge command from the smart power manager 22, the battery controller 7 sends power from the solar power generator 2 and the wind power generator 3 to the storage battery 4 via the converter 5 via the DC bus 21. The storage battery 4 is fully charged to 104%.

  In this way, in each storage battery 4, when the lower limit (30% charge) shown in FIG. 7 (a) or less is reached, the drive of the preliminary load is turned off, and when the maximum load (90% charge) is exceeded, It is possible to extend the life of the lead-acid battery by repeatedly performing the charge / discharge cycle for starting the driving.

  As a result of the prediction, if (Σgenerated power <Σpower consumption), the monitoring control device 15 performs the following demand control (see FIG. 6, step S8 and thereafter, FIG. 7B).

  In this case, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, comparison unit 43) recognizes the current generated power (point b1 in FIG. 7B), and based on the characteristic curve of power consumption, the prediction unit 44 ( For example, the power consumption after 10 minutes (b2 point in FIG. 7B) is predicted (see FIG. 6, steps S16 and S17).

  At this time, if the predicted power consumption value at point b2 exceeds the total power amount of the remaining battery level, the amount of power generated by sunlight, and the amount of power generated by wind power, a consumer power limit command is sent as a control command (FIG. 6, see steps S17 and S18). If the predicted power consumption value is within the range of the total power amount, the power limit command is not transmitted.

  When issuing the power limit command, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, power limit command unit 49b of the demand control command unit 49) consumes power of each consumer in the storage area 27 (see FIG. 11) of the data storage unit 15c. The amount d1, d2, etc. are examined, and a power restriction command is transmitted to a consumer with large power consumption. For example, when transmitting a power restriction command to the consumer 10-3, a power restriction command with ID = 103 is transmitted from the communication unit 15d via the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20.

  The power restriction command is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of the power generation facility 1 via the relay device 13 and further received from the wireless transmission / reception device 12 by the smart meter 18 of each consumer 10. The customer 10-3 with the same ID number receives it at the smart meter 18, recognizes that the controller 19 is a power restriction command to itself, and the controller 19 recognizes the customer 10-3. Control to limit the power consumption is performed by turning off the power of a specific electric device in use. In the monitoring control device 15, the signal of the power restriction command can include a contact number of a specific electrical device that is subject to power restriction in the consumer 10-3. In this case, the contact number It is possible to turn off the power supply of the electrical device specified by. As described above, the monitoring control device 15 can also identify a device in a consumer that is a target of power limitation.

  The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, the comparison unit 43) obtains the power consumption amount information from each customer 10 even during the power restriction command, and the power consumption amount decreases, and the demand power value. Is within the range of the total power amount (see FIG. 17, step S18-1), the demand recovery command unit 49a (see FIG. 23) transmits a demand recovery guide (see step S19 in FIG. 6). That is, the demand recovery guidance is similarly wirelessly transmitted from the communication unit 15d to the power generation facility 1 via the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 20.

  The demand recovery instruction is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of the power generation facility 1 via the wireless relay device 13 and received from the wireless transmission / reception device 12 by the smart meter 18 of each customer 10. In the customer 10-3 with the same ID number, the controller 19 of the customer recognizes that it is a recovery command to itself, and the controller 19 is turned off in the customer 10-3. Recovery is performed by turning on the power of the device. Note that the demand recovery command is ignored at the customer 10 whose ID numbers do not match.

  Even when the customer power limit command is sent out, the demand prediction operation is always continued at regular intervals, and when the predicted power consumption falls within the total power range, a demand recovery guide is transmitted ( (Refer FIG. 6, step S19, S20, FIG. 17, step S19).

  Next, another embodiment of the preliminary load control in steps S6 to S14 in FIG. 6 will be described below. The configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 18, FIG. 19, FIG. 18 and 19, the same parts and corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted for convenience. The data flow between the monitoring control device 15 and each power generation facility 1 is the same as that in the above embodiment unless otherwise specified. Moreover, in the following description, FIG. 24 which is a functional block diagram of the CPU 15b of the monitoring control device 15 will be referred to as appropriate.

  18, the difference from FIG. 3 is that the DC bus 21 is provided with two units of spare storage batteries 4 ′ and battery controllers 7 ′ (four) corresponding to each of the spare storage batteries 4 ′ in parallel with other storage batteries. This is the point provided (the same applies to FIG. 19). And as shown in FIG.13 (b), states, such as the battery residual amount of reserve storage battery 4 ', are monitored in the storage battery residual amount measurement system 24 (refer FIG. 19), In the storage area 38 ′ of the data storage unit 15 c of the monitoring control device 15, the power f 1, f 2 [kw], voltage [V], current [A], and remaining battery level of each of the reserve storage batteries 4 ′-1 and 4 ′-2 are stored. g1 and g2 [%] are stored. In addition, when distinguishing 2 units | sets of the reserve storage batteries 4 ', it shows with the code | symbol 4'-1, 4'-2.

  The monitoring control device 15 performs the following preliminary load control using the preliminary storage battery 4 '. In addition, since this control performs charging / discharging control of the reserve storage battery 4 ′ based on the remaining battery level of the storage battery 4, it can be said that the reserve storage battery 4 ′ is operated as a reserve load (the reserve load in FIG. 14). As a reserve storage battery 4 ').

  Further, in the following control, the storage battery 4 is automatically charged during the daytime when the power generation by the solar power generator 2 is performed (see daytime areas E1 and E3 in FIG. 21A). At night when power is not generated by the machine 2, the storage battery 4 is automatically discharged to consume the power of the storage battery (see night areas E2 and E4 in FIG. 21A). It is assumed that The charge / discharge control of the storage battery 4 is performed by the smart power manager 22.

  In a situation where the generated power exceeds the consumed power (see step S6 in FIG. 6), the storage location 4 of each power generation facility 1 is charged by the smart power manager 22 because the solar power generator 2 generates power in the daytime. The electric power is charged by the command, and the remaining amount of the storage battery increases as shown in the area E1 of the remaining amount of storage battery in FIG. 21A (see the curve L1).

  Here, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, the comparison unit 43) determines that the storage battery remaining amount (for example, average value) has reached 85% with respect to the average full charge (100%) of the storage battery 4 (FIG. 22). The monitoring control device 15 (see FIG. 24, the spare storage battery charge command unit 51a of the reserve load drive command unit 51) transmits a charge start command for the reserve storage battery 4 ′ (FIG. 22, step S22). This charge start command is transmitted from the smart meter control system 60 to the smart meter 29 of the spare storage battery 4 ′, sent from the smart meter 29 to the smart power manager 22, and from the manager 22 to the battery controller 7 ′ of the spare storage battery 4 ′. And the charging of the spare storage battery 4 ′ starts. As a result, the reserve storage battery 4 'is charged (see FIG. 16, steps S5 and S6, FIG. 21B, curve L1' of the reserve storage battery).

  And the monitoring control apparatus 15 will detect the sunset based on the pyranometer 52 (refer FIG. 24) (refer FIG. 22, step S23), and the said monitoring control apparatus 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery charge instruction | command part 51a). Transmits a charge stop command for the spare storage battery 4 ′ (see FIG. 22, step S24). This charge stop command is received by the WiFi wireless transmission / reception device 12 of the power generation facility 1 from the monitoring control device 15 through the same wireless route as described above, and further transmitted from the smart meter control system 60 to the smart meter 29 of the reserve storage battery 4 ′. Is sent from the smart meter 29 to the smart power manager 22 and commanded by the manager 22 to the battery controller 7 ′ of the spare storage battery 4 ′, and charging of the spare storage battery 4 ′ is stopped (FIG. 21B). P1 point of the curve, see FIG. 16, steps S7 and S8)

  Since the electric power generated by the solar power generator 2 decreases due to sunset, the night area E2 (FIG. 21A) is stored in the consumer 10 by using the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery 4 in the customer 10 or the like. The amount decreases (see FIG. 21A, curve L2). When the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, the comparison unit 43) detects that the remaining amount of the storage battery (for example, any one of the storage batteries 4) has become 33% (see FIG. 22, step S 25), the monitoring is performed. Control device 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery discharge command unit 51b) transmits a discharge start command for spare storage battery 4 ′ (see FIG. 22, step S26), and based on this, discharge of spare storage battery 4 ′ is started. (See FIG. 21 (b), curve L2 ′ of the reserve battery) The monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 23, charge command unit 45) transmits a charge command for the storage battery 4 together with the discharge start command of the reserve storage battery discharge command unit 51b, whereby charging of the storage battery 4 is started. .

  That is, as the reserve storage battery 4 ′ is discharged, DC power is supplied to the DC bus 21 of DC 380V, and the supplied DC power is charged in the storage battery 4, and the remaining battery level of the storage battery 4 gradually increases (FIG. 21). (See (a), curve L3).

  Then, when the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, comparison unit 43) detects that the remaining battery charge (for example, any one) has become 35% (see FIG. 22, step S27), the monitoring control device. 15 (FIG. 24, spare storage battery discharge command unit 51b) transmits a discharge stop command for the spare storage battery 4 ′ and stops discharging of the spare storage battery 4 ′ (FIG. 22, step S28, FIG. 21 (b), spare storage battery). (Refer to point P2 of the curve).

  After that, since it is already daytime (see daytime area E3 in FIG. 21A), the storage battery 4 is charged by the power generation of the solar power generator 2, and the remaining capacity of the storage battery increases ( FIG. 21 (a), see curve L3). At this time, the monitoring control device 15 (FIG. 24, the second reserve storage battery charging command unit 53) refers to the timer 54, and from 12:00 to 13:00 every day (1 hour), the charging command for the reserve storage battery 4 ′. Based on this, the reserve storage battery 4 ′ is charged (see FIG. 21B, curve L3 ′ of the reserve storage battery, FIG. 22, steps S29 to S32, FIG. 16, steps S5 and S6).

  Thereafter, the control when the remaining battery level of the storage battery 4 reaches 85% is the same as described above, and thereafter the same control is repeatedly performed.

  By charging / discharging the reserve storage battery 4 ′ as described above, the excess power generated in the daytime is also charged to the reserve storage battery 4 ′, and when the storage battery 4 is discharged at night and the remaining amount is reduced, the reserve storage battery By discharging 4 ′ and charging the storage battery 4, efficient operation as a whole can be performed. For example, if one cycle of 33% to 85% of the lead storage battery (storage battery 4) is performed in one day, the life of the lead storage battery can be determined based on the number of cycles of the lead storage battery.

  Moreover, the electrical storage place 4 can be drive | operated between 85% and 33%, and the lifetime of a storage battery can be lengthened. The above 85%, 33%, and 35% are not limited to this, and other reference values such as 80%, 30%, and 33% can be arbitrarily set as the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the remaining battery level. .

  As described above, the balance between the generated power and the consumed power can be balanced by the demand response control for the shortage of supply amount prediction and the preliminary load control for the prediction of excessive power generation amount.

  In the monitoring control device 15, based on the power usage obtained from the smart meter 18 of each consumer 10, the power usage of each customer 10 can be confirmed on a monitor as the display unit 15f. Also, the status of demand control can be confirmed on the monitor. That is, the status of the preliminary load control and the status of the demand control are displayed in a graph as shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, 21A, 21B, and the display of the monitoring control device 15. It can be displayed on the unit 15f, and the state of control and the power supply / demand situation can be viewed in the monitoring control device 15 in substantially real time. At the same time, in the monitoring control device 15, the information in the data storage unit 15 c, that is, the power consumption of each consumer, the storage battery information, in the storage areas 27, 28, 38, 38 ′ shown in FIGS. In addition, since the generated power of the power generation equipment is sequentially stored, the relationship between the power consumption and the generated power can be displayed on the display unit 15f in substantially real time.

  With regard to the status of the preliminary load control and the status of the demand control shown in FIG. 7B, the monitoring control device 15 uses the VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology to communicate with the communication satellite 30 and / or the Internet network 31. For example, the status of the preliminary load control of the power generation equipment installed in the foreign country, the status of the demand control, the power consumption of the customer, the power consumption of the power generation equipment The situation can be confirmed at almost any time in Japan by a personal computer or a tablet computer connected to the cloud server 16 in Japan.

  Specifically, a VPN router 32 provided in the monitoring control device 15 is connected to a communication carrier station 33 in Japan via a communication satellite 30 by radio, and the communication carrier station 33 and the Internet network 31 are connected. Has been. A cloud server 16 in Japan is connected to the Internet 31 via a VPN router 34 and a firewall 35.

  Therefore, the cloud server 16 can receive various data in the monitoring control device 15 in the foreign country via the communication satellite 30 and the Internet 31 by the VPN. Therefore, the power supply amount related to EMS in the monitoring control device 15 can be totaled by the monitor of the cloud server 16 or a personal computer or tablet computer connected to the cloud server 16. Similarly, on the monitor of a personal computer or the like connected to the cloud server 16 via the Internet 31, the monitoring and control device 15 installed on a remote island in a foreign country anywhere in Japan at any time. Information, that is, power supply and demand status, standby load control, and demand control status can be confirmed in substantially real time.

  Various data accumulated in the cloud server 16 is used as basic data for the bilateral credit system (JCM) with the country where the power system is installed, and the implementation status of greenhouse gas emission reductions It can be used as measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) data.

  Data in the cloud server 16 can be disclosed via the Internet 31. Therefore, by browsing the data in the cloud server 16 via the Internet 31 in countries using Japan and the bilateral credit system (JMC), the bilateral credit system is also available in the foreign countries. It can be used as basic data for (JCM), and can be used as measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) data for implementation status of greenhouse gas emission reduction.

  As described above, according to the power supply system using the power generation facility using renewable energy according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an off-grid stable hybrid power generation system even on a remote island where no power plant exists.

  In addition, an all-renewable energy power generation system that uses photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and a storage battery without using any internal combustion power generation is realized.

  Further, since the power generation equipment is controlled by a self-sustained distributed power supply (HVDC) based on direct current cooperation, it is easy to add power generation equipment as compared with a power supply system using alternating current.

  Moreover, since high voltage direct current power supply (HVDC) is performed and AC power output of one circuit is performed via a cooperative inverter, power output control can be easily performed. Therefore, the grid linkage unit (power output) can also be redundant and expanded.

  In addition, it uses a two-way smart meter (power generation unit, customer), lead storage battery, and remaining battery level measurement system (BMU) for the balance control calculation, and performs inexpensive but efficient control. It is.

  In addition, the control output can be easily controlled using the input / output contact of the smart meter.

  In the case of power generation facility expansion, the synchronous operation between the power generation facilities can be easily performed by using an optical fiber for the power generation facility. That is, since the synchronization between the power generation facilities can be performed by matching the power factor, frequency, voltage, and the like on the output side (AC side) of the grid-linking inverter 6, it is easy to synchronize a plurality of power generation facilities. It can be carried out.

  According to the present invention, power can be supplied efficiently and stably on an off-grid, for example, in an area such as a remote island where sufficient power generation infrastructure does not exist.

  Moreover, even if it is renewable energy utilization power generation facilities, such as solar power generation or wind power generation, stable electric power can be supplied.

  In addition, when surplus power is generated, the standby load can be driven to effectively use the surplus power, and when the power consumption exceeds the generated power, the power consumption of a specific consumer can be limited. It is possible to suppress the use of excessive power and achieve an appropriate power supply / demand balance.

  In addition, surplus electric power charged in the storage battery can be charged in the spare storage battery during the daytime, and when the remaining capacity of the storage battery decreases at night, the backup battery is discharged to charge the storage battery. It is possible to use the remaining storage battery amount efficiently.

  In addition, power supply and demand information in regions where the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to foreign countries can be intensively stored in cloud servers in Japan using communication satellites, etc. For example, it can be used for the bilateral credit system (JCM) regarding greenhouse gas emission reduction and the measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of the implementation status of greenhouse gas reduction.

  Furthermore, for example, using the WiFi standard frequency band, the monitoring and control apparatus receives all the supplied power amount information and the consumed power amount information wirelessly, and also performs all the control commands from the monitoring control apparatus wirelessly. It can also be applied to areas where there is no communication infrastructure.

  For example, in remote islands where there is no stable power generation infrastructure, a power supply system using the renewable energy-based power generation facility of the present invention can be installed to enable stable power supply off-grid. At the same time, power supply and demand data of the system can be accumulated in Japan, and can be used for JMC.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation equipment 1A-1C Power generation equipment 2 Photovoltaic generator 3 Wind power generator 4 Storage battery 4 'Reserve storage battery 10 Consumer 11 Smart meter 13 Wireless repeater 15 Monitoring control device 18 Smart meter 24 Battery residual quantity measurement system 30 Communication satellite 31 Internet network 47 Preliminary load drive command unit 47a Drive start command unit 47b Drive stop command unit 49 Demand control command unit 49a Recovery command unit 49b Power limit command unit 51 Preliminary load drive command unit 51a Reserve battery charge command unit 51b Reserve battery discharge command unit 53 Second reserve battery charge command section

Claims (6)

It is a power supply / demand unit system consisting of power generation equipment that uses only renewable energy, power storage equipment, power generation equipment with a reserve load, and multiple customers who receive only power from the power generation equipment. The power supply and demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area,
In the predetermined area, there is provided a monitoring control device that monitors the power supply / demand situation of the power supply / demand unit system and controls the power supply / demand balance in each power supply / demand unit system,
Each power generation facility and each consumer is provided with a smart meter, and the monitoring and control device communicates with each power supply / demand unit system via each smart meter by wireless communication, thereby consuming power at each consumer. Data relating to the generated power in each of the power generation facilities, and data relating to the remaining battery level of the power storage facility, and based on these data, a control command for power supply / demand balance is provided to the power supply / demand unit system. Power supply balance control by wireless transmission to
The monitoring control device monitors the generated power of the power generation facility and the power consumption of the customer, and in the case of excessive power generation, a preliminary load drive command unit that performs a preliminary load control operation for driving the preliminary load, and a supply In the case of power shortage, a demand control command unit that performs a demand response control operation including a power limit command for the consumer is provided, and the amount of generated power and power consumption by the preliminary load drive command unit and the demand control command unit To balance the quantity,
The power storage facility is constituted by a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery remaining amount measuring system capable of detecting the remaining amount of storage battery is provided,
The reserve load drive command unit of the monitoring control device sets the remaining battery level detected by the remaining battery level measurement system to a value lower than the maximum value of the remaining battery level as an upper limit value, A drive start command unit capable of transmitting a drive start command to start driving the preliminary load as the control command when
The above control is performed when the remaining battery level detected by the remaining battery level measurement system by driving the reserve load is higher than the minimum value of the remaining battery level, and reaches the lower limit value. A power supply system using a renewable energy-based power generation facility, comprising: a drive stop command unit that stops driving of the preliminary load as a command . It is a power supply / demand unit system consisting of power generation equipment that uses only renewable energy, power storage equipment, power generation equipment with a reserve load, and multiple customers who receive only power from the power generation equipment. The power supply and demand unit system is provided in a predetermined area,
In the predetermined area, there is provided a monitoring control device that monitors the power supply / demand situation of the power supply / demand unit system and controls the power supply / demand balance in each power supply / demand unit system,
Each power generation facility and each consumer is provided with a smart meter, and the monitoring and control device communicates with each power supply / demand unit system via each smart meter by wireless communication, thereby consuming power at each consumer. Data relating to the generated power in each of the power generation facilities, and data relating to the remaining battery level of the power storage facility, and based on these data, a control command for power supply / demand balance is provided to the power supply / demand unit system. Power supply balance control by wireless transmission to
The monitoring control device monitors the generated power of the power generation facility and the power consumption of the customer, and in the case of excessive power generation, a preliminary load drive command unit that performs a preliminary load control operation for driving the preliminary load, and a supply In the case of power shortage, a demand control command unit that performs a demand response control operation including a power limit command for the consumer is provided, and the amount of generated power and power consumption by the preliminary load drive command unit and the demand control command unit To balance the quantity,
The power storage facility is constituted by a plurality of storage batteries, and a battery remaining amount measuring system capable of detecting the remaining amount of storage battery is provided,
In addition to the storage battery, a reserve storage battery is provided, and the remaining battery level of the reserve storage battery is configured to be detectable by the remaining battery level measurement system.
The reserve load drive command unit of the monitoring control device sets the remaining battery level detected by the remaining battery level measurement system to a value lower than the maximum value of the remaining battery level as an upper limit value, The reserve storage battery charge command unit that transmits the reserve storage battery charge command when it reaches, and transmits the reserve storage battery charge stop command when it is detected that sunset has occurred,
When the remaining amount of the storage battery is higher than the minimum value of the remaining amount of the storage battery, the lower limit value is set, and when the remaining amount of the storage battery reaches the lower limit value, a discharge command for the reserve storage battery is transmitted. Is charged, and when the remaining amount of the storage battery becomes higher than the lower limit value, a reserve storage battery discharge command unit that transmits a discharge stop command for the reserve storage battery,
And the electric power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation equipment which has a 2nd reserve storage battery charge instruction | command part which charges the said reserve storage battery for the fixed period of the daytime when the said storage battery is charged . The demand control command unit in the monitoring control device transmits a power limit command for limiting power consumption to the specific consumer as the control command, and when the shortage of supply power is resolved The power supply system using the renewable energy utilization power generation facility according to claim 1 , further comprising a recovery command unit that transmits a recovery command to the consumer . The power generation equipment using the renewable energy is composed of a solar power generator, a wind power generator, a biomass power generator, a hydroelectric power generator, or a combination of any two or more of these,
4. The renewable energy-based power generation according to claim 1 , wherein the power supply / demand unit system is configured as a complete off-grid without being connected to an external power system that is an existing power plant. Power supply system using equipment. Two or more power supply and demand unit systems are provided in the predetermined area,
The use of renewable energy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the monitoring control device performs balance control of power supply by performing wireless communication with the two or more power supply / demand unit systems. Power supply system using power generation equipment. A cloud server device is provided that can receive and store the data related to power consumption in the monitoring control device, the data related to generated power, and the data related to the remaining battery level via a communication network
The power supply system using the renewable energy-use power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cloud server device and the monitoring control device are connected to each other via a communication satellite and / or the Internet network so as to be able to communicate with each other .

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