KR102222847B1 - Hierarchical type power control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hierarchical power control system. The hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS A first microgrid cell including, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS for managing the power state of the second load and the second load, a third microgrid cell including a third load, and an additional ESS. And the first to third through communication with the emergency cell selectively connected to the third microgrid cell, a middleware server communicating with the first to third microgrid cells, and the emergency cell, and the middleware server. It includes an integrated control system that controls the power supply and demand of microgrid cells.

Description

Hierarchical type power control system {HIERARCHICAL TYPE POWER CONTROL SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a hierarchical power control system.

The Energy Storage System is a system that increases energy efficiency by storing generated power in each connected system including power plants, substations, and transmission lines, and then selectively and efficiently using the power when it is needed.

The energy storage system can reduce the power generation unit cost and reduce the investment and operation costs required for power facility expansion, if the overall load ratio is improved by leveling the electric loads that fluctuate over time and season, thereby lowering electricity bills and saving energy. can do.

These energy storage systems are installed and used in power generation, transmission and distribution, and customers in the power system, and frequency regulation, generator output stabilization using renewable energy, peak shaving, and load leveling. , It is used for functions such as emergency power.

The energy storage system is largely divided into physical energy storage and chemical energy storage according to the storage method. Physical energy storage includes methods using pumped water power generation, compressed air storage, and flywheel, and chemical energy storage includes methods using lithium-ion batteries, lead acid batteries, and Nas batteries.

However, the conventional energy storage system has a problem in that it is not possible to integrate and manage the power state of an area directly managed (for example, in a microgrid unit) or a building by linking the power state of an adjacent area or building. .

Accordingly, there is a problem that different and separate power generation plans are required to control the power supply and demand status of each area or building because the peak control timing is different even though it is an adjacent area or building.

In addition, when an energy management system such as an energy storage system is not provided in a specific area or building, there is a problem that it is difficult to resolve the problem by itself when a power outage or power shortage occurs in the area or building.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hierarchical power control system capable of establishing an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status of a plurality of microgrid cells.

The present invention provides a hierarchical power control system capable of solving a power problem by temporarily adding an ESS function to the virtual cell when a power failure occurs in a virtual cell or an internal load is in a power shortage state. The purpose.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects and advantages of the present invention that are not mentioned can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by examples of the present invention. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means shown in the claims and combinations thereof.

The hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is, in a hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, the power state by a first ESS and a first ESS having a UPS structure. A first microgrid cell including a first load to be managed, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS that manages power states of the second load and the second load, and a third microgrid including a third load The first to third through communication with a cell, an additional ESS, and an emergency cell selectively connected to a third microgrid cell, a middleware server communicating with the first to third microgrid cells, and the emergency cell, and a middleware server. It includes an integrated control system that controls the power supply and demand of microgrid cells.

The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of a first load, and the second microgrid cell further includes a second sensor for sensing a power state of a second load, and a third microgrid cell The grid cell further includes a third sensor that detects the power state of the third load, wherein the first to third sensors detect the power state of the first to third load, respectively, and transmit it to the cloud server, and the cloud server The power states of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors are provided to the middleware server, and the middleware server provides the power states of the first to third loads provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system.

When a power problem occurs in the third microgrid cell, the integrated control system calculates the insufficient power amount of the third load based on the power state of the third load received from the middleware server to determine the power supply amount value, and the determined power supply amount value A control signal including information on is generated, the generated control signal is provided to the emergency cell through the middleware server, and the emergency cell and the third microgrid cell are connected.

The control signal provided to the emergency cell is transmitted to the additional ESS, and the additional ESS supplies power to the third load based on the control signal.

The cloud server receives at least one of climate data and power-related data from the outside, and is among the power states of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors, and climate data and power-related data provided from the outside. At least one is synthesized and analyzed, and the analysis result is provided to the middleware server.

The middleware server provides the analysis result provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system, and the integrated control system predicts the operation schedule of each of the first to third microgrid cells based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server.

The first to third microgrid cells transmit respective power supply and demand status information to the integrated control system through a middleware server, and the integrated control system receives power for each of the first to third microgrid cells received through the middleware server. Establish an integrated operation schedule based on the status information.

The integrated control system compares the power states of the first to third loads provided from the middleware server with the integrated operation schedule, and adjusts the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result.

The first microgrid cell includes an emergency generator, a first building-related power system including a first distributed power system, an emergency generator, a first building-related power system, and a first EMS (Energy Management) that controls the first ESS. System), and the second microgrid cell further includes a second distributed power system that is driven in connection with the second ESS, and a second EMS that controls the second ESS and the second distributed power system.

The first building-related power system includes a Building Energy Management System (BEMS), a distribution board in communication with the BEMS, a Building Automation System (BAS) in communication with the BEMS, a cooling and heating system connected to the BAS, and a first distributed system connected to the BAS. A power supply system and a third ESS connected to the BAS are further included, wherein the BEMS controls at least one of the cooling and heating system, the first distributed power system, and the third ESS through the BAS to reduce the peak load amount of the first load.

The first EMS transmits the first power supply and demand state information to the integrated control system through the middleware server, the second EMS transmits the second power supply and demand state information to the integrated control system through the middleware server, and the third sensor 3 The power supply and demand status information is transmitted to the integrated control system through the middleware server through the cloud server, and the integrated control system establishes an integrated operation schedule based on the first to third power supply and demand status information received through the middleware server. 1 The power supply and demand status information includes at least one of information on the amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell, information on the amount of power required, and information on the operation schedule of the first ESS, and the second power supply and demand status information is produced by the second microgrid cell. It includes at least one of possible power amount information, required power amount information, and operation schedule information of the second ESS, and the third power supply/demand status information includes power amount information required for the third microgrid cell.

The integrated control system provides the integrated operation schedule to the first and second EMS through the middleware server, and the first EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the first microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server. , The second EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the second microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server.

The emergency cell includes a second building-related power system including an additional ESS, and the second building-related power system includes an additional BEMS, an additional distribution board communicating with the additional BEMS, and an additional communication with the additional BEMS and connected to the additional ESS. It further includes a BAS, an additional cooling and heating system connected to the additional BAS, and an additional distributed power system connected to the additional BAS.

When the emergency cell and the third microgrid cell are connected, the additional BEMS reduces the peak load of the third load by controlling at least one of an additional cooling and heating system, an additional distributed power system, and an additional ESS through an additional BAS.

The hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is, in the hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, the power state by the first ESS and the first ESS having a UPS structure. A first microgrid cell including a first load to be managed, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS that manages power states of the second load and the second load, and a third microgrid including a third load Cell, a fourth microgrid cell including a fourth load, an emergency cell including an additional ESS and selectively connected to at least one of the third and fourth microgrid cells, the first to fourth microgrid cells, and the emergency cell And a middleware server that communicates with and an integrated control system that controls the power supply and demand of the first to fourth microgrid cells through communication with the middleware server.

The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of a first load, and the second microgrid cell further includes a second sensor for sensing a power state of a second load, and a third microgrid cell The grid cell further includes a third sensor for sensing the power state of the third load, and the fourth microgrid cell further includes a fourth sensor for sensing the power state of the fourth load, wherein the first to fourth sensors are Each detects the power state of the first to fourth loads and transmits them to the cloud server, the cloud server provides the power states of the first to fourth loads provided from the first to fourth sensors to the middleware server, and the middleware server The power state of the first to fourth loads provided from the cloud server is provided to the integrated control system.

When a power problem occurs in the third and fourth microgrid cells, the integrated control system determines the first power supply value by calculating the insufficient power amount of the third load based on the power state of the third load received from the middleware server. , Based on the power state of the fourth load received from the middleware server, a second power supply amount value is determined by calculating the insufficient power amount of the fourth load, and a first control signal including information on the determined first power supply amount value and the determined Generates a second control signal including information on the second power supply value, provides the generated first and second control signals to the emergency cell through the middleware server, and provides the emergency cell and the third and fourth microgrid cells Connect.

The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell are transmitted to the additional ESS, and the additional ESS supplies power to the third and fourth loads based on the first and second control signals.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently control the power supply and demand states of adjacent microgrid cells through an integrated control system that establishes an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand states of a plurality of microgrid cells. .

In addition, according to the present invention, when a load in a virtual cell is in a power shortage state, an additional ESS is temporarily connected to the virtual cell, thereby solving the power supply shortage problem. In addition, when a power outage occurs in a virtual cell, the power outage problem can be solved by stably supplying power by connecting an additional ESS to the virtual cell.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic diagram illustrating first to third microgrid cells of FIG. 1.
3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first microgrid cell of FIG. 2.
4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second building-related power system of FIG. 2.
5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The above-described objects, features, and advantages will be described later in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of known technologies related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar elements.

Hereinafter, a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating first to third microgrid cells of FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first microgrid cell of FIG. 2. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second building-related power system of FIG. 2.

1 and 2, a hierarchical power control system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an integrated control system 100, a middleware server 200, and a first microgrid cell 300; that is, premium Cell (Premium Cell)), a second microgrid cell 400 (ie, a normal cell), a third microgrid cell 500 (ie, a virtual cell), including an emergency cell 900 can do.

For reference, the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1 may further include a cloud server 600, but in the present invention, for convenience of explanation, the hierarchical power control system 1 is a cloud server 600 It will be described as an example that does not include.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1 may further include a system. Here, the system may exist in each of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, but only one system common to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 may exist. have.

For reference, the system may include, for example, a power plant, a substation, a transmission line, and the like.

Meanwhile, the integrated control system 100 may be largely designed to have an integrated monitoring and control function and an optimal power generation and control function.

Integrated monitoring and control functions include, for example, monitoring, control, reporting, alarming, calculation, database management, and trend functions. (Trend), may include a screen display function.

Here, the monitoring function includes a state/failure monitoring and measurement function of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the control function includes the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 ) May include operation/stop/scheduling and optimal operation control functions of equipment provided in ).

The reporting function includes a function of providing measurement information and operation/maintenance records for each period of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the alarm function may include an alarm recognition processing and storage function. have.

The operation function includes a function of providing an operation/function function to data requiring calculation such as power factor, and the DB management function may include a data interface function through a real-time database application program interface (API).

The trend function includes a function to monitor data change trends, and the screen display function interlocks with monitoring, events, alarms, rights, etc. through a screen (for example, the screen of the integrated control system 100 or the cloud server 600). It may include a function to display on the screen of the mobile terminal 800).

On the other hand, optimal power generation and control functions include, for example, load prediction function, solar power generation prediction function, optimal power generation plan establishment function, economic power supply function, automatic power generation control function, home calculation function, load blocking function, islanding. Algorithm execution function may be included.

Here, the load prediction function includes a function of designing by applying an ensemble multi-model combination algorithm that derives results using various prediction algorithms, and a function of acquiring the history data of the load in the system and storing it in the Oracle DB. I can.

The photovoltaic power generation prediction function is a function of patterning the precipitation probability based on precipitation information provided from the outside (700; for example, the Meteorological Administration) through the cloud server 600, and predicting the amount of power generation using the K-mean cluster technique. And a function of designing an algorithm by dividing the prediction associated with the Meteorological Agency and the unrelated prediction.

The optimal power generation plan establishment function may include a function of establishing each optimal power generation plan in consideration of the power supply and demand state of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500. Details on this will be described later.

The economic power supply function may include a function of determining the output of a heat/electric energy source to an energy source driven as a result of the optimal power generation plan and deriving a result divided by microgrid cells.

The automatic power generation control function may include a function of designing to follow the targets of the grid connection mode (linked current maintenance) and the independent operation mode (frequency maintenance).

The home calculation function may include a function of calculating an electricity bill based on the history data of electricity usage.

The load blocking function may include a function of blocking a load according to priority when the reference value is exceeded.

The islanding algorithm execution function may include a function of searching for power transfer and load blocking methods during independent operation.

In this way, the integrated control system 100 may be designed to have an integrated monitoring and control function and an optimal power generation and control function, and further, various information is provided through communication with the middleware server 200, and based on the received information. It is possible to control the power supply and demand of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500.

Specifically, the integrated control system 100 receives the power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 through the middleware server 200, and receives the received first to third microgrids. An integrated operation schedule may be established based on information on the power supply and demand status of the cells 300, 400, and 500. In addition, the integrated control system 100 provides the established integrated operation schedule to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 through the middleware server 200, so that the first to third microgrid cells 300 , 400, 500) can be adjusted based on the integrated operation schedule.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 may receive power states of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 from the middleware server 200. In addition, the integrated control system 100 may compare the power states of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the middleware server 200 with the integrated driving schedule, and based on the comparison result, the integrated driving schedule Can be adjusted.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 can control the power supply and demand of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 in more various ways through communication with the middleware server 200. Details will be described later.

Meanwhile, the integrated control system 100 may selectively connect the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900.

Specifically, when a power problem (eg, a grid power failure or insufficient power of the third load 550) occurs in the third microgrid cell 500, the integrated control system 100 ) And the emergency cell 900 can be connected.

Here, the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through, for example, a conversion switch (not shown), and the conversion switch may be driven by the integrated control system 100. have.

Such a conversion switch cuts off the connection between the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900 at normal times, and when a problem such as a system power failure or power shortage occurs, the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900 By connecting the power to the emergency cell 900 serves to enable the transfer of power to the third microgrid cell (500).

In addition, the conversion switch may be, for example, any one of a transfer switch (TS), a static transfer switch (STS), a back-to-back converter, and an automatic load transfer switch (ALTS). Further, depending on the situation, AC-DC converters or DC-AC converters may be installed at both ends of the conversion switch to change AC voltage to DC voltage or DC voltage to AC voltage.

In this way, the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through a conversion switch driven by the integrated control system 100.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 determines the power supply amount value by calculating the insufficient power amount of the third load 550 based on the power state of the third load 550 received from the middleware server 200, and the determined power supply amount value. A control signal including information on may be generated.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 may provide the generated control signal to the emergency cell 900 through the middleware server 200, and the control signal provided to the emergency cell 900 is additionally included in the emergency cell 900. It can be delivered to the ESS (996). Here, the control signal is also transmitted to the conversion switch to drive the conversion switch, through which the third microgrid cell 500 and the emergency cell 900 may be connected to each other.

In this way, when the control signal is transmitted to the additional ESS 996, the additional ESS 996 may supply power to the third load 550 based on the control signal.

For reference, when the additional ESS 996 has, for example, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) structure, power may be supplied to the third load 550 through uninterrupted power.

More detailed information on the emergency cell 900 will be described later.

The middleware server 200 may communicate with the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 and the emergency cell 900.

For reference, the middleware server 200 does not exist separately and may be included in the integrated control system 100. In this case, the integrated control system 100 may directly communicate with the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the emergency cell 900, or the cloud server 600.

However, for convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the middleware server 200 will be described as an example that exists separately from the integrated control system 100.

Specifically, the middleware server 200 may provide the power supply and demand status information (ie, real-time power status information) provided from the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 to the integrated control system 100. In addition, a control command or signal (eg, an integrated operation schedule) provided from the integrated control system 100 may be provided to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500.

In addition, the middleware server 200 may receive an analysis result from the cloud server 600.

For reference, the cloud server 600 receives at least one of climate data and power-related data from the outside 700 (for example, the Meteorological Administration or KEPCO), and from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520. Power states of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550, respectively, may be provided.

In addition, the cloud server 600 includes the power status of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520, and climate data and power-related data provided from the outside. At least one of them may be synthesized and analyzed, and the analysis result may be provided to the middleware server 200.

That is, the middleware server 200 transmits the analysis result provided from the cloud server 600 and the power supply and demand status information respectively provided from the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500 to the integrated control system 100. Can provide.

Through this, the integrated control system 100 is based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server 200 and the power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the first to third microgrids. The power supply and demand status of the cells 300, 400, and 500 can be integrated and controlled.

In addition, even if the integrated control system 100 does not receive the power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 The driving schedule of each of the third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500 may be predicted.

Of course, the integrated control system 100 is an integrated operation schedule based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server 200 or the power supply and demand status information (ie, real-time information) of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500. You can also adjust.

Meanwhile, the cloud server 600 may provide the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, 550 provided from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520 to the middleware server 200. In addition, the middleware server 200 may provide the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the cloud server 600 to the integrated control system 100.

Accordingly, the integrated control system 100 compares the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the middleware server 200 with the integrated operation schedule, and calculates the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result. Can be adjusted.

In addition, the cloud server 600 interlocks with the mobile terminal 800 and transmits power-related information to the mobile terminal 800, allowing the user to use the first to third microgrid cells through the mobile terminal 800 in real time. 300, 400, 500) Allows you to check the power status of each.

The first microgrid cell 300 may include a first ESS 360 having a UPS structure and a first load 350 whose power state is managed by the first ESS 360.

Specifically, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the first microgrid cell 300 includes a first EMS 310, a first sensor 320, an emergency generator 330, a first ESS 360, and a first It may include a building-related power system 390 and a first load 350.

For reference, the first microgrid cell 300 may not include the emergency generator 330. In this case, when the system is powered off or restored, the first ESS 360 having a UPS structure may supply power to the first load 350 through uninterrupted power.

However, for convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the first microgrid cell 300 including the emergency generator 330 will be described as an example.

The first EMS 310 may control the emergency generator 330 and the first ESS 360.

Specifically, the first EMS 310 is a component included in the first microgrid cell 300 (that is, the first sensor 320, the emergency generator 330, the first ESS (360), the first building-related It may play a role of managing both the power system 390 and the first load 350.

In addition, since the first EMS 310 can communicate with the middleware server 200, the power-related data (eg, first power supply and demand status information) of the first microgrid cell 300 is transmitted to the middleware server 200. The control signal or command of the integrated control system 100 may be transmitted to or received from the middleware server 200.

Here, the first power supply and demand status information may include, for example, at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell 300, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the first ESS 360. .

For reference, the first EMS 310 generates information on maintenance and repair of the battery 366 based on data on the battery 366 provided from the PMS 362, and the generated battery ( Information on maintenance and repair of the 366 may be provided to the BMS 368 (Battery Management System) that manages the battery 366 through the PMS 362.

The first sensor 320 may detect the power state of the first load 350.

Specifically, the first sensor 320 may be, for example, an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor equipped with a communication function, and the power state of the first load 350 (eg, power shortage, power excess) Whether or not) may be detected and the detected information may be provided to the cloud server 600.

The emergency generator 330 may be driven by the first EMS 310 in case of a system power outage.

Specifically, the emergency generator 330 may be, for example, a diesel generator, and is driven in conjunction with the first ESS 360 so that the uninterruptible independent operation of the first microgrid cell 300 is performed at a specific time (e.g. For example, it can be kept for 4 hours).

For reference, by using an existing diesel generator as the emergency generator 330 and using a small-capacity ESS as the first ESS (360), it is possible to reduce the initial investment cost. In addition, since the emergency generator 330 enables long or unlimited independent operation, reliability of power supply and demand can be secured, and economical efficiency through reduction of peak load can be secured by enabling planned independent operation.

The first ESS 360 may have a UPS structure, and is designed to enable uninterrupted independent operation in case of an accident such as a grid power outage, thereby enabling reliable power supply.

Specifically, based on the UPS structure, the first ESS 360 may supply power to the first load 350 uninterruptedly during a system power outage or recovery, and manage the power state of the first load 350.

Here, the first ESS 360 may include a PMS 362, a PCS 364, a battery 366, and a BMS 368.

The PCS 364 may store power generated by a distributed power system (not shown; for example, a renewable energy system such as solar or wind) in the battery 366 or transmit the power to the system or the first load 350. . In addition, the PCS 364 may transfer the power stored in the battery 366 to the system or the first load 350. The PCS 364 may store power supplied from the system in the battery 366.

In addition, the PCS 364 may control charging and discharging of the battery 366 based on the state of charge (hereinafter referred to as “SOC level”) of the battery 366.

For reference, the PCS 364 may generate a schedule for the operation of the first ESS 360 based on a power price in the power market, a power generation plan of a distributed power system, a power generation amount, and a power demand of the system.

The battery 366 may be charged or discharged by the PCS 364.

Specifically, the battery 366 may receive and store at least one of the distributed power system and the power of the system, and may supply the stored power to at least one of the system and the first load 350. The battery 366 may include at least one or more battery cells, and each battery cell may include a plurality of bare cells.

The BMS 368 may monitor the state of the battery 366 and control charging and discharging operations of the battery 366. In addition, the BMS 368 may monitor the state of the battery 366 including the SOC level, which is the state of charge of the battery 366, and the state of the monitored battery 366 (eg, voltage, current, temperature, residual voltage). Wattage, lifespan, state of charge, etc.) information can be provided to the PCS 364.

In addition, the BMS 368 may perform a protection operation to protect the battery 366. For example, the BMS 368 may perform one or more of an overcharge protection function, an overdischarge protection function, an overcurrent protection function, an overvoltage protection function, an overheat protection function, and a cell balancing function for the battery 366.

In addition, the BMS 368 may adjust the SOC level of the battery 366.

Specifically, the BMS 368 may receive a control signal from the PCS 364 and adjust the SOC level of the battery 366 based on the received signal.

The PMS 362 may control the PCS 364 based on data related to the battery 366 provided from the BMS 368.

Specifically, the PMS 362 may monitor the state of the battery 366 and may monitor the state of the PCS 364. That is, the PMS 362 may control the PCS 364 according to its efficiency based on the data related to the battery 366 received from the BMS 368.

In addition, the PMS 362 may monitor the state of the battery 366 through the BMS 368 and provide the collected data related to the battery 366 to the first EMS 310.

The first building-related power system 390 may include a BEMS 392, a distribution board 398, a BAS 393, a cooling and heating system 394, a first distributed power system 395, and a third ESS 396. have.

Specifically, the BEMS 392 controls at least one of the cooling and heating system 394, the first distributed power system 395, and the third ESS 396 through the BAS 393 to provide a peak load (for example, 1 The peak load of the load 350) can be reduced, and the distribution board 398 can be controlled.

In addition, the distribution board 398 and the BAS 393 can be controlled through communication with the BEMS 392, and the cooling and heating system 394, the first distributed power system 395, and the third ESS 396 are the BAS 393. It can be controlled by the BEMS 392 by being connected to.

The first building-related power system 390 is optimally controlled for energy saving, thereby reducing energy cost and peak load.

The power state of the first load 350 may be managed by the first ESS 360, and may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, and the like.

Specifically, the first load 350 may be managed by at least one of the first ESS 360, the emergency generator 330, and the first building-related power system 390, and the first sensor ( 320).

For reference, the first load 350 may be an important load (eg, a laboratory building, a hospital, etc.) requiring uninterrupted, high-quality power supply.

Accordingly, when the integrated operation schedule of the integrated control system 100 is established, the priority (ie, importance priority) of the first load 350 is the priority of each of the second load 450 and the third load 550 ( That is, it may be higher than the importance ranking).

The second microgrid cell 400 may include a second ESS 460 that manages the power states of the second load 450 and the second load 450.

Specifically, the second microgrid cell 400 may include a second EMS 410, a second sensor 420, a second load 450, and a second ESS 460.

For reference, although not shown in the drawing, the second microgrid cell 400 is a second distributed power system (not shown) driven in connection with the second ESS 460; Renewable energy system).

The second EMS 410 may control the second ESS 460 and the second distributed power system.

Specifically, the second EMS 410 is a component included in the second microgrid cell 400 (that is, the second sensor 420, the second load 450, the second ESS 460, the second distribution) Power system).

In addition, the second EMS 410 can communicate with the middleware server 200, and transmits power-related data (eg, second power supply and demand status information) of the second microgrid cell 400 to the middleware server 200. The control signal or command of the integrated control system 100 may be transmitted to or received from the middleware server 200.

Here, the second power supply and demand status information may include at least one of, for example, information on the amount of power that can be produced in the second microgrid cell 400, information on the amount of power required, and information on the operation schedule of the second ESS 460. .

The second sensor 420 may detect the power state of the second load 450.

Specifically, the second sensor 420 may be, for example, an IoT sensor equipped with a communication function, and detects the power state of the second load 450 (eg, whether power is insufficient, whether power is excessive, etc.) Thus, the information sensed by the cloud server 600 may be provided.

The power state of the second load 450 may be managed by the second ESS 460, and may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, and the like.

Specifically, the second load 450 may manage power supply and demand by the second ESS 460 and may be connected to the second sensor 420.

For reference, the second load 450 may be a general load (eg, a classroom building, a dormitory, etc.) requiring energy efficiency through connection with the second distributed power system. In addition, the second load 450 may include at least one or more loads 450a to 450c having different priorities. Accordingly, during peak control, a load having a high priority among the second loads 450 may be supplied with power, and a load having a low priority may be cut off. That is, among the second loads 450, a load with a high priority (for example, 450a) can continue to receive power during peak control, but a load with a low priority (for example, 450b, 450c) has a peak control. If you do, you may not be able to receive power.

In summary, when an event such as peak control occurs, loads that need to be selectively driven based on characteristics or priority may be included in the second microgrid cell 400.

The second ESS 460 may manage the power state of the second load 450 and may perform a peak control function.

In addition, the second ESS 460 may include a PMS, a battery, a BMS, and a PCS, like the first ESS 360 described above, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The third microgrid cell 500 may include a third load 550.

Specifically, the third microgrid cell 500 may include a third sensor 520 and a third load 550. In addition, as described above, the third microgrid cell 500 may be connected to the emergency cell 900 in the event of a power shortage or a system blackout to receive power from the emergency cell 900, and detailed information about this may be omitted. do.

The third sensor 520 may detect the power state of the third load 550.

Specifically, the third sensor 520 may be, for example, an IoT sensor equipped with a communication function, and detects the power state of the third load 550 (eg, whether power is insufficient, whether power is excessive, etc.) Thus, the information sensed by the cloud server 600 may be provided.

For reference, unlike the second microgrid cell 400, the third microgrid cell 500 may have no EMS, ESS, or distributed power system. Accordingly, the power supply and demand status information (ie, the third power supply and demand status information) of the third microgrid cell 500 is transmitted to the middleware server 200 through the cloud server 600 through the third sensor 520. I can.

Of course, the third sensor 520 of the third microgrid cell 500 communicates with the middleware server 200 to directly transmit the power supply and demand status information of the third microgrid cell 500 to the middleware server 200. have.

Here, the third power supply and demand state information may include, for example, information on the amount of power required for the third microgrid cell 500.

The third load 550 may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, or the like.

Specifically, the third load 550 may be connected to the third sensor 520.

For reference, the third load 550 may be a general load without linkage with the distributed power system, and an analysis-based energy reduction service (for example, through the third sensor 520). 3 By transmitting the power state information of the load 550, the user can check the power state of the third load 550 in real time through the mobile terminal 800 that can communicate with the cloud server 600. You can do it with a purpose.

As described above, the emergency cell 900 includes an additional ESS 996 and may be selectively connected to the third microgrid cell 500.

Here, the additional ESS 996 may supply power to the third load 550 when the third load 550 is short of power or the third microgrid cell 500 is black.

In addition, the additional ESS 996 may have, for example, a UPS structure, and in this case, in case of an accident such as power shortage of the third load 550 or a power failure of the third microgrid cell 500, It is designed to enable independent operation, thereby enabling reliable power supply.

In addition, the additional ESS 996 may include a PMS, a battery, a BMS, and a PCS, like the first ESS 360 described above, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

For reference, as shown in FIG. 4, the emergency cell 900 may include a second building-related power system 990 including an additional ESS 996.

Specifically, the second building-related power system 990 includes an additional BEMS (992), an additional distribution panel (998), an additional BAS (993), an additional cooling and heating system (994), an additional distributed power system (995), and an additional ESS (996). ) Can be included.

Here, the additional BEMS 992 may control the additional distribution board 998. In addition, the additional BEMS 992 is, when the emergency cell 900 and the third microgrid cell 500 are connected, an additional cooling and heating system 994, an additional distributed power system 995, and an additional ESS through the additional BAS 993. By controlling at least one of (996), it is possible to reduce the peak load (eg, the peak load amount of the third load 550).

For reference, the additional distribution board 998 and the additional BAS 993 can be controlled through communication with the additional BEMS 992, and the additional cooling and heating system 994, the additional distributed power system 995, and the additional ESS 996 are It can be controlled by the additional BEMS 992 by being connected with the additional BAS 993.

The second building-related power system 990 is optimally controlled for energy saving, thereby reducing the energy cost and peak load of the third microgrid cell 500.

As described above, according to the present invention, power supply and demand of adjacent microgrid cells through the integrated control system 100 that establishes an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status of the plurality of microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 By integrating the state, you can control it efficiently.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the load in the virtual cell (for example, the third microgrid cell 500) is in a power shortage state, by temporarily connecting an additional ESS 996 to the virtual cell, there is a problem of insufficient power supply and demand. Can be solved. In addition, when a power failure occurs in a virtual cell, the power failure problem can be solved by stably supplying power by connecting an additional ESS 996 to the virtual cell.

Hereinafter, a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

For reference, the hierarchical power control system 2 shown in FIG. 5 has the same configuration, function, and effect as the hierarchical power control system 1 shown in FIG. 1 except for the number of virtual cells. Let's focus on the explanation.

Referring to FIG. 5, a hierarchical power control system 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a fourth microgrid cell 590 (that is, a virtual cell) than the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1. Can include.

Specifically, the integrated control system 100 included in the hierarchical power control system 2 of FIG. 4, the middleware server 200, the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the emergency cell 900 ), the cloud server 600 may be the same as the integrated control system, middleware server, first to third microgrid cells, emergency cells, and cloud servers of FIG. 1, respectively.

In addition, the fourth microgrid cell 590 may have the same configuration and function as the third microgrid cell 500, and may be selectively connected to the emergency cell 900.

Specifically, the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected to at least one of the third and fourth microgrid cells 500 and 590.

In other words, the integrated control system 100 connects the emergency cell 900 with the third microgrid cell 500 when the load included in the third microgrid cell 500 is short of power, and the fourth microgrid cell 590 When the power of the load included in) is insufficient, the emergency cell 900 may be connected to the fourth microgrid cell 590.

Of course, when both the load included in the third microgrid cell 500 and the load included in the fourth microgrid cell 590 are in a power shortage state, the integrated control system 100 sets the emergency cell 900 to a third And the fourth microgrid cells 500 and 590 may be simultaneously connected.

For reference, even in the case of the fourth microgrid cell 590, it may be selectively connected to the emergency cell 900 through a separate conversion switch (not shown), and the conversion switch may be driven by the integrated control system 100. I can.

In this way, the fourth microgrid cell 590 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through a conversion switch driven by the integrated control system 100.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 determines the first power supply value by calculating the insufficient power amount of the load based on the power state of the load in the third microgrid cell 500 received from the middleware server 200, and Based on the power state of the load in the fourth microgrid cell 590 received from 200, the amount of insufficient power of the load may be calculated to determine the second power supply value.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 generates a first control signal including information on the determined first power supply amount value and a second control signal including information on the determined second power supply amount value, And a second control signal may be provided to the emergency cell 900 through the middleware server 200.

The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell 900 are transmitted to an additional ESS (not shown; same as 996 in FIG. 4) provided in the emergency cell 900, and the additional ESS is the first and second control signals. Based on this, power may be supplied to the loads included in the third and fourth microgrid cells 500 and 590, respectively.

For reference, although only two virtual cells (that is, the third and fourth microgrid cells 500 and 590) are shown in FIG. 5, the hierarchical power control system 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention is 3 It may include more than one virtual cell, and each virtual cell is selectively connected to the emergency cell 900 to receive power from the emergency cell 900 at the same time or at a time difference in case of insufficient power or a power outage.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to temporarily connect an additional ESS to a plurality of virtual cells through the emergency cell 900, and there is a problem of insufficient power supply and demand in a plurality of virtual cells simultaneously or at a time difference. Or even if a power outage occurs, the problem can be resolved.

The above-described present invention is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Is not limited by.

100: integrated control system 200: middleware server
300: first microgrid cell 400: second microgrid cell
500: third microgrid cell 600: cloud server
700: external 800: mobile terminal
900: emergency cell

Claims (18)

In the hierarchical power control system linked to the cloud server,
A first microgrid cell including a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS;
A second microgrid cell including a second load and a second ESS for managing power states of the second load;
A third microgrid cell including a third load;
An emergency cell including an additional ESS and selectively connected to the third microgrid cell;
A middleware server communicating with the first to third microgrid cells and the emergency cell; And
Including an integrated control system for controlling the power supply and demand of the first to third microgrid cells through communication with the middleware server
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 1,
The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of the first load,
The second microgrid cell further comprises a second sensor for sensing a power state of the second load,
The third microgrid cell further comprises a third sensor for sensing the power state of the third load,
Each of the first to third sensors detects the power state of the first to third loads and transmits them to the cloud server,
The cloud server provides the power state of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors to the middleware server,
The middleware server provides the power state of the first to third loads provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 2,
When a power problem occurs in the third microgrid cell, the integrated control system
A power supply amount value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the third load based on the power state of the third load received from the middleware server,
Generates a control signal including information on the determined power supply amount value,
Providing the generated control signal to the emergency cell through the middleware server,
Connecting the emergency cell and the third microgrid cell
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 3,
The control signal provided to the emergency cell is transmitted to the additional ESS,
The additional ESS supplies power to the third load based on the control signal.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 2,
The cloud server,
At least one of climate data and power-related data is provided from the outside,
Comprehensive analysis of at least one of the power state of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors and the climate data and power-related data provided from the outside,
Providing the analysis result to the middleware server
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 5,
The middleware server provides the analysis result provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system,
The integrated control system predicts the driving schedule of each of the first to third microgrid cells based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 2,
The first to third microgrid cells transmit respective power supply and demand status information to the integrated control system through the middleware server,
The integrated control system establishes an integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status information of each of the first to third microgrid cells received through the middleware server.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 7,
The integrated control system compares the power states of the first to third loads provided from the middleware server with the integrated operation schedule, and adjusts the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 2,
The first microgrid cell includes a first building-related power system including an emergency generator and a first distributed power system, the emergency generator, the first building-related power system, and a first EMS controlling the first ESS. (Energy Management System) is further included,
The second microgrid cell further comprises a second distributed power system that is driven in connection with the second ESS, and a second EMS that controls the second ESS and the second distributed power system.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 9,
The first building-related power system,
BEMS (Building Energy Management System),
A distribution board that communicates with the BEMS,
BAS (Building Automation System) communicating with the BEMS,
A cooling and heating system connected to the BAS,
The first distributed power system connected to the BAS;
Further comprising a third ESS connected to the BAS,
The BEMS controls at least one of the cooling and heating system, the first distributed power system, and the third ESS through the BAS to reduce the peak load of the first load.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 9,
The first EMS transmits first power supply and demand state information to the integrated control system through the middleware server, and the second EMS transmits second power supply and demand state information to the integrated control system through the middleware server, The third sensor transmits third power supply and demand status information to the integrated control system through the middleware server through the cloud server, and the integrated control system receives the first to third power supply and demand through the middleware server. Establish an integrated driving schedule based on the status information,
The first power supply and demand status information includes at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the first ESS,
The second power supply and demand status information includes at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the second microgrid cell, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the second ESS,
The third power supply and demand state information includes information on the amount of power required for the third microgrid cell.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 11,
The integrated control system provides the integrated operation schedule to the first and second EMS through the middleware server,
The first EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the first microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server,
The second EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the second microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 1,
The emergency cell includes a second building-related power system including the additional ESS,
The second building-related power system includes an additional BEMS, an additional distribution board in communication with the additional BEMS, an additional BAS in communication with the additional BEMS and connected to the additional ESS, an additional cooling and heating system connected to the additional BAS, and the additional Further comprising an additional distributed power system connected to the BAS
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 13,
When the emergency cell and the third microgrid cell are connected,
The additional BEMS controls at least one of the additional cooling and heating system, the additional distributed power system, and the additional ESS through the additional BAS to reduce the peak load of the third load.
Tiered power control system.
In the hierarchical power control system linked to the cloud server,
A first microgrid cell including a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS;
A second microgrid cell including a second load and a second ESS for managing power states of the second load;
A third microgrid cell including a third load;
A fourth microgrid cell including a fourth load;
An emergency cell including an additional ESS and selectively connected to at least one of the third and fourth microgrid cells;
A middleware server communicating with the first to fourth microgrid cells and the emergency cell; And
Including an integrated control system for controlling the power supply and demand of the first to fourth microgrid cells through communication with the middleware server
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 15,
The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of the first load,
The second microgrid cell further comprises a second sensor for sensing a power state of the second load,
The third microgrid cell further includes a third sensor for sensing a power state of the third load,
The fourth microgrid cell further comprises a fourth sensor for sensing the power state of the fourth load,
Each of the first to fourth sensors detects the power state of the first to fourth loads and transmits them to the cloud server,
The cloud server provides the power state of the first to fourth loads provided from the first to fourth sensors to the middleware server,
The middleware server provides the power state of the first to fourth loads provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 16,
When a power problem occurs in the third and fourth microgrid cells, the integrated control system
A first power supply value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the third load based on the power state of the third load received from the middleware server,
A second power supply value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the fourth load based on the power state of the fourth load received from the middleware server,
Generating a first control signal including information on the determined first power supply amount value and a second control signal including information on the determined second power supply amount value,
Providing the generated first and second control signals to the emergency cell through the middleware server,
Connecting the emergency cell and the third and fourth microgrid cells
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 17,
The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell are transmitted to the additional ESS,
The additional ESS supplies power to the third and fourth loads based on the first and second control signals.
Tiered power control system.

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