KR102222843B1 - Hierarchical type power control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hierarchical power control system. A hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS. A first microgrid cell including, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS that manages the power state of the second load and the second load, a third microgrid cell including a third load, and an addition with a UPS structure The first to third microgrids, including an ESS and an additional emergency generator, through an emergency cell selectively connected to a second microgrid cell, a middleware server communicating with the first to third microgrid cells, and the emergency cell, and a middleware server. And an integrated control system configured to receive power supply/demand status information of a cell and establish an integrated operation schedule based on the received power supply/demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells.

Description

Hierarchical type power control system {HIERARCHICAL TYPE POWER CONTROL SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a hierarchical power control system.

The Energy Storage System is a system that increases energy efficiency by storing generated power in each connected system including power plants, substations, and transmission lines, and then selectively and efficiently using the power when it is needed.

The energy storage system can reduce the power generation unit cost and reduce the investment and operation costs required for power facility expansion, if the overall load ratio is improved by leveling the electric loads that fluctuate over time and season, thereby lowering electricity bills and saving energy. can do.

These energy storage systems are installed and used in power generation, transmission and distribution, and customers in the power system, and frequency regulation, generator output stabilization using renewable energy, peak shaving, and load leveling. , It is used for functions such as emergency power.

The energy storage system is largely divided into physical energy storage and chemical energy storage according to the storage method. Physical energy storage includes methods using pumped water power generation, compressed air storage, and flywheel, and chemical energy storage includes methods using lithium-ion batteries, lead acid batteries, and Nas batteries.

However, the conventional energy storage system has a problem in that it is not possible to integrate and manage the power state of an area directly managed (for example, in a microgrid unit) or a building by linking the power state of an adjacent area or building. .

Accordingly, there is a problem that different and separate power generation plans are required to control the power supply and demand status of each area or building because the peak control timing is different even though it is an adjacent area or building.

In addition, the conventional energy storage system has a problem in that the power problem of a managed area (eg, microgrid unit) or a building must be solved by itself.

Accordingly, if the relevant energy system is not equipped with an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) structure, which makes it impossible to supply uninterruptible power, or if the area or building is not equipped with an emergency generator (e.g., a diesel generator), the power failure of the area or building. Or, there is a problem that it is difficult to solve the problem on its own when a power shortage problem occurs.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hierarchical power control system capable of establishing an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status of at least one or more microgrid cells.

The present invention is a hierarchical power that can solve the power supply shortage problem by temporarily transforming the normal cell into a premium cell when a power failure occurs in a normal cell or an internal load is in a power shortage state. It aims to provide a control system.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects and advantages of the present invention that are not mentioned can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by examples of the present invention. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means shown in the claims and combinations thereof.

A hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is, in a hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, a first energy storage (ESS) having an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) structure. System) and a first microgrid cell including a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS that manages the power state of the second load and the second load, A third microgrid cell containing a third load, an emergency cell including an additional ESS with a UPS structure and an additional emergency generator, and selectively connected to the second microgrid cell, the first to third microgrid cells, and the emergency cell Receives power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells through a middleware server and a middleware server that communicates with, and integrated operation based on the received power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells. It includes an integrated control system that establishes a schedule.

When a power problem occurs in the second microgrid cell, the integrated control system calculates an insufficient power amount of the second microgrid cell based on the power supply/demand status information of the second microgrid cell received from the middleware server to calculate a power supply amount value. It determines, generates a control signal including information on the determined power supply value, provides the generated control signal to the emergency cell through the middleware server, and connects the emergency cell and the second microgrid cell.

The control signal provided to the emergency cell is transmitted to the additional ESS and the additional emergency generator, the additional ESS supplies power to the second load uninterruptedly based on the control signal, and the additional emergency generator supplies power to the second load based on the control signal. Supply, but the additional ESS and additional emergency generators are driven in conjunction with each other based on the control signal.

The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of a first load, and the second microgrid cell further includes a second sensor for sensing a power state of a second load, and a third microgrid cell The grid cell further includes a third sensor for detecting the power state of the third load, wherein the first to third sensors detect the power state of the first to third loads, respectively, and transmit the detected power to the cloud server.

The cloud server receives at least one of climate data and power-related data from the outside, and is among the power states of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors, and climate data and power-related data provided from the outside. At least one is synthesized and analyzed, and the analysis result is provided to the middleware server.

The middleware server provides the analysis result provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system, and the integrated control system predicts the operation schedule of each of the first to third microgrid cells based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server.

The cloud server provides the power states of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors to the middleware server, and the middleware server provides an integrated control system for the power states of the first to third loads provided from the cloud server. The integrated control system compares the power states of the first to third loads provided from the middleware server with the integrated operation schedule, and adjusts the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result.

The first microgrid cell further includes an emergency generator, a building-related power system including a first distributed power system, an emergency generator, a building-related power system, and a first EMS (Energy Management System) for controlling the first ESS. Including, the second microgrid cell further includes a second distributed power system that is driven in connection with the second ESS, and a second energy management system (EMS) that controls the second ESS and the second distributed power system.

The building-related power system includes a Building Energy Management System (BEMS), a distribution board in communication with BEMS, a Building Automation System (BAS) in communication with BEMS, a cooling and heating system connected to the BAS, and a first distributed power system connected to the BAS. And, a third ESS connected to the BAS is further included, wherein the BEMS controls at least one of the cooling and heating system, the first distributed power system, and the third ESS through the BAS to reduce the peak load.

The integrated control system receives power supply and demand status information through a middleware server, and the power supply and demand status information includes first power supply and demand status information received from the first EMS and second power supply and demand status information received from the second EMS, and , The first power supply and demand state information includes at least one of information on the amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell, information on the amount of power required, and information on the operation schedule of the first ESS, and the second power supply and demand state information is the second microgrid cell. It includes at least one of information on the amount of electricity that can be produced in, information on the amount of electricity required, and information on the operation schedule of the second ESS.

The integrated control system provides the integrated operation schedule to the first and second EMS through the middleware server, and the first EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the first microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server. , The second EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the second microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server.

The hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object is, in the hierarchical power control system linked to a cloud server, the power state by the first ESS and the first ESS having a UPS structure. A first microgrid cell including a first load to be managed, a second microgrid cell including a second ESS that manages power states of the second load and the second load, and a third microgrid including a third load Cell, a fourth microgrid cell including a third ESS that manages the power state of the fourth load and the fourth load, an additional ESS with a UPS structure, and an additional emergency generator, among the second and fourth microgrid cells Receiving power supply and demand status information of the first to fourth microgrid cells through the emergency cell selectively connected to at least one, the first to fourth microgrid cells, and the middleware server and the middleware server communicating with the emergency cells, and received It includes an integrated control system that establishes an integrated operation schedule based on power supply and demand status information of the first to fourth microgrid cells.

When a power problem occurs in the second and fourth microgrid cells, the integrated control system calculates the power shortage amount of the second microgrid cell based on the power supply and demand status information of the second microgrid cell received from the middleware server to perform the first A power supply amount value is determined, a second power supply amount value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the fourth microgrid cell based on the power supply/demand status information of the fourth microgrid cell received from the middleware server, and the determined first power supply amount value Generates a first control signal including information on and a second control signal including information on the determined second power supply value, and provides the generated first and second control signals to the emergency cell through the middleware server, and , Connect the emergency cell and the second and fourth microgrid cells.

The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell are transmitted to the additional ESS and the additional emergency generator, and the additional ESS supplies power uninterruptedly to the second and fourth loads, respectively, based on the first and second control signals, The additional emergency generator supplies power to the second and fourth loads, respectively, based on the first and second control signals, and the additional ESS and the additional emergency generator are driven in conjunction with each other based on the first and second control signals.

As described above, according to the present invention, through an integrated control system that establishes an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand state of at least one microgrid cell, it is possible to efficiently control the power supply and demand state of adjacent microgrid cells. have.

In addition, according to the present invention, when a load in a normal cell is in a power shortage state, an additional ESS and an additional emergency generator are connected to the normal cell and temporarily transformed into a premium cell, thereby solving the power supply shortage problem. In addition, when a power outage occurs in a normal cell, the power outage problem can be solved by connecting an additional ESS and an additional emergency generator to the normal cell to stably supply power through uninterrupted power.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic diagram illustrating first to third microgrid cells of FIG. 1.
3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first microgrid cell of FIG. 2.
4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The above-described objects, features, and advantages will be described later in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of known technologies related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar elements.

Hereinafter, a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating first to third microgrid cells of FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first microgrid cell of FIG. 2.

1 and 2, a hierarchical power control system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an integrated control system 100, a middleware server 200, and a first microgrid cell 300; that is, premium Cell (Premium Cell)), a second microgrid cell 400 (ie, a normal cell), a third microgrid cell 500 (ie, a virtual cell), including an emergency cell 900 can do.

For reference, the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1 may further include a cloud server 600, but in the present invention, for convenience of explanation, the hierarchical power control system 1 is a cloud server 600 It will be described as an example that does not include.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1 may further include a system. Here, the system may exist in each of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, but only one system common to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 may exist. have.

In addition, the system may include, for example, a power plant, a substation, a transmission line, and the like.

The integrated control system 100 receives power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 through the middleware server 200, and receives the received first to third microgrid cells 300. , 400, 500), it is possible to establish an integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status information. In addition, the integrated control system 100 provides the established integrated operation schedule to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 through the middleware server 200, so that the first to third microgrid cells 300 , 400, 500) can be adjusted based on the integrated operation schedule.

Specifically, the integrated control system 100 may be largely designed to have an integrated monitoring and control function and an optimal power generation and control function.

Integrated monitoring and control functions include, for example, monitoring, control, reporting, alarming, calculation, database management, and trend functions. (Trend), may include a screen display function.

Here, the monitoring function includes a state/failure monitoring and measurement function of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the control function includes the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 ) May include operation/stop/scheduling and optimal operation control functions of equipment provided in ).

The reporting function includes a function of providing measurement information and operation/maintenance records for each period of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the alarm function may include an alarm recognition processing and storage function. have.

The operation function includes a function of providing an operation/function function to data requiring calculation such as power factor, and the DB management function may include a data interface function through a real-time database application program interface (API).

The trend function includes a function to monitor data change trends, and the screen display function interlocks with monitoring, events, alarms, rights, etc. through a screen (for example, the screen of the integrated control system 100 or the cloud server 600). It may include a function to display on the screen of the mobile terminal 800).

On the other hand, optimal power generation and control functions include, for example, load prediction function, solar power generation prediction function, optimal power generation plan establishment function, economic power supply function, automatic power generation control function, home calculation function, load blocking function, islanding. Algorithm execution function may be included.

Here, the load prediction function includes a function of designing by applying an ensemble multi-model combination algorithm that derives results using various prediction algorithms, and a function of acquiring the history data of the load in the system and storing it in the Oracle DB. I can.

The photovoltaic power generation prediction function is a function of patterning the precipitation probability based on precipitation information provided from the outside (700; for example, the Meteorological Administration) through the cloud server 600, and predicting the amount of power generation using the K-mean cluster technique. And a function of designing an algorithm by dividing the prediction associated with the Meteorological Agency and the unrelated prediction.

The optimal power generation plan establishment function may include a function of establishing each optimal power generation plan in consideration of the power supply and demand state of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500. Details on this will be described later.

The economic power supply function may include a function of determining the output of a heat/electric energy source to an energy source driven as a result of the optimal power generation plan and deriving a result divided by microgrid cells.

The automatic power generation control function may include a function of designing to follow the targets of the grid connection mode (linked current maintenance) and the independent operation mode (frequency maintenance).

The home calculation function may include a function of calculating an electricity bill based on the history data of electricity usage.

The load blocking function may include a function of blocking a load according to priority when the reference value is exceeded.

The islanding algorithm execution function may include a function of searching for power transfer and load blocking methods during independent operation.

The integrated control system 100 may receive various information from the middleware server 200 and integrate and control the power supply and demand status of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 based on the received information. have.

Details on this will be described later.

Meanwhile, the integrated control system 100 may selectively connect the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900.

Specifically, when a power problem (eg, a grid power failure or insufficient power of the second load 450) occurs in the second microgrid cell 400, the integrated control system 100 ) And the emergency cell 900 can be connected.

Here, the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through, for example, a conversion switch (not shown), and the conversion switch may be driven by the integrated control system 100. have.

Such a conversion switch cuts off the connection between the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900 at normal times, and when a problem such as a system power failure or insufficient power occurs, the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900 It serves to enable the power of the emergency cell 900 to be transferred to the second microgrid cell 400 by connecting the cells.

In addition, the conversion switch may be, for example, any one of a transfer switch (TS), a static transfer switch (STS), a back-to-back converter, and an automatic load transfer switch (ALTS). Further, depending on the situation, AC-DC converters or DC-AC converters may be installed at both ends of the conversion switch to change AC voltage to DC voltage or DC voltage to AC voltage.

In this way, the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through a conversion switch driven by the integrated control system 100.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 determines the power supply value by calculating the insufficient power amount of the second microgrid cell 400 based on the power supply and demand status information of the second microgrid cell 400 received from the middleware server 200. And, a control signal including information on the determined power supply amount value may be generated.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 may provide the generated control signal to the emergency cell 900 through the middleware server 200, and the control signal provided to the emergency cell 900 is additionally included in the emergency cell 900. It can be delivered to the ESS (910) and additional emergency generator (930). Here, the control signal is also transmitted to the conversion switch to drive the conversion switch, through which the second microgrid cell 400 and the emergency cell 900 may be connected to each other.

In this way, when the control signal is transmitted to the additional ESS 910 and the additional emergency generator 930, the additional ESS 910 supplies power uninterruptedly to the second load 450 based on the control signal, and the additional emergency generator ( The 930 may supply power to the second load 450 based on the control signal.

For reference, since the additional ESS 910 has an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) structure, it can supply power to the second load 450 uninterruptedly, and the additional ESS 910 and the additional emergency generator 930 are control signals. It can be driven by interworking with each other.

More detailed information on the emergency cell 900 will be described later.

The middleware server 200 may communicate with the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 and the emergency cell 900.

For reference, the middleware server 200 does not exist separately and may be included in the integrated control system 100. In this case, the integrated control system 100 may directly communicate with the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the emergency cell 900, or the cloud server 600.

However, for convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the middleware server 200 will be described as an example that exists separately from the integrated control system 100.

Specifically, the middleware server 200 provides the power supply and demand status information (that is, real-time power status information) respectively provided from the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500 to the integrated control system 100. In addition, a control command or signal (eg, an integrated operation schedule) provided from the integrated control system 100 may be provided to the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500.

In addition, the middleware server 200 may receive an analysis result from the cloud server 600.

For reference, the cloud server 600 receives at least one of climate data and power-related data from the outside 700 (for example, the Meteorological Administration or KEPCO), and from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520. Power states of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550, respectively, may be provided.

In addition, the cloud server 600 includes the power status of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520, and climate data and power-related data provided from the outside. At least one of them may be synthesized and analyzed, and the analysis result may be provided to the middleware server 200.

That is, the middleware server 200 transmits the analysis result provided from the cloud server 600 and the power supply and demand status information respectively provided from the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500 to the integrated control system 100. Can provide.

Through this, the integrated control system 100 is based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server 200 and the power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the first to third microgrids. The power supply and demand status of the cells 300, 400, and 500 can be integrated and controlled.

In addition, even if the integrated control system 100 does not receive the power supply and demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500 The driving schedule of each of the third microgrid cells 300, 400, and 500 may be predicted.

Of course, the integrated control system 100 may adjust the integrated operation schedule based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server 200 or the power supply/demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500.

Meanwhile, the cloud server 600 may provide the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, 550 provided from the first to third sensors 320, 420, and 520 to the middleware server 200. In addition, the middleware server 200 may provide the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the cloud server 600 to the integrated control system 100.

Accordingly, the integrated control system 100 compares the power state of the first to third loads 350, 450, and 550 provided from the middleware server 200 with the integrated operation schedule, and calculates the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result. Can be adjusted.

In addition, the cloud server 600 interlocks with the mobile terminal 800 and transmits power-related information to the mobile terminal 800, allowing the user to use the first to third microgrid cells through the mobile terminal 800 in real time. 300, 400, 500) Allows you to check the power status of each.

The first microgrid cell 300 may include a first ESS 360 having a UPS structure and a first load 350 whose power state is managed by the first ESS 360.

Specifically, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the first microgrid cell 300 includes a first EMS 310, a first sensor 320, an emergency generator 330, a first ESS 360, and a building-related It may include a power system 390 and a first load 350.

For reference, the first microgrid cell 300 may not include the emergency generator 330. In this case, when the system is powered off or restored, the first ESS 360 having a UPS structure may supply power to the first load 350 through uninterrupted power.

However, for convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the first microgrid cell 300 including the emergency generator 330 will be described as an example.

The first EMS 310 may control the emergency generator 330 and the first ESS 360.

Specifically, the first EMS 310 is a component included in the first microgrid cell 300 (i.e., the first sensor 320, the emergency generator 330, the first ESS (360), a building-related power system 390 and the first load 350 may play a role of managing both.

In addition, since the first EMS 310 can communicate with the middleware server 200, the power-related data (eg, first power supply and demand status information) of the first microgrid cell 300 is transmitted to the middleware server 200. The control signal or command of the integrated control system 100 may be transmitted to or received from the middleware server 200.

Here, the first power supply and demand status information may include, for example, at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell 300, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the first ESS 360. .

For reference, the first EMS 310 generates information on maintenance and repair of the battery 366 based on data on the battery 366 provided from the PMS 362, and the generated battery ( Information on maintenance and repair of the 366 may be provided to the BMS 368 (Battery Management System) that manages the battery 366 through the PMS 362.

The first sensor 320 may detect the power state of the first load 350.

Specifically, the first sensor 320 may be, for example, an IoT sensor equipped with a communication function, and detects the power state of the first load 350 (eg, whether power is insufficient, whether power is excessive, etc.) Thus, the information sensed by the cloud server 600 may be provided.

The emergency generator 330 may be driven by the first EMS 310 in case of a system power outage.

Specifically, the emergency generator 330 may be, for example, a diesel generator, and is driven in conjunction with the first ESS 360 so that the uninterruptible independent operation of the first microgrid cell 300 is performed at a specific time (e.g. For example, it can be kept for 4 hours).

For reference, by using an existing diesel generator as the emergency generator 330 and using a small-capacity ESS as the first ESS (360), it is possible to reduce the initial investment cost. In addition, since the emergency generator 330 enables long or unlimited independent operation, reliability of power supply and demand can be secured, and economical efficiency through reduction of peak load can be secured by enabling planned independent operation.

The first ESS 360 may have a UPS structure, and is designed to enable uninterrupted independent operation in case of an accident such as a grid power outage, thereby enabling reliable power supply.

Specifically, based on the UPS structure, the first ESS 360 may supply power to the first load 350 uninterruptedly during a system power outage or recovery, and manage the power state of the first load 350.

Here, the first ESS 360 may include a PMS 362, a PCS 364, a battery 366, and a BMS 368.

The PCS 364 may store power generated by a distributed power system (not shown; for example, a renewable energy system such as solar or wind) in the battery 366 or transmit the power to the system or the first load 350. . In addition, the PCS 364 may transfer the power stored in the battery 366 to the system or the first load 350. The PCS 364 may store power supplied from the system in the battery 366.

In addition, the PCS 364 may control charging and discharging of the battery 366 based on the state of charge (hereinafter referred to as “SOC level”) of the battery 366.

For reference, the PCS 364 may generate a schedule for the operation of the first ESS 360 based on a power price in the power market, a power generation plan of a distributed power system, a power generation amount, and a power demand of the system.

The battery 366 may be charged or discharged by the PCS 364.

Specifically, the battery 366 may receive and store at least one of the distributed power system and the power of the system, and may supply the stored power to at least one of the system and the first load 350. The battery 366 may include at least one or more battery cells, and each battery cell may include a plurality of bare cells.

The BMS 368 may monitor the state of the battery 366 and control charging and discharging operations of the battery 366. In addition, the BMS 368 may monitor the state of the battery 366 including the SOC level, which is the state of charge of the battery 366, and the state of the monitored battery 366 (eg, voltage, current, temperature, residual voltage). Wattage, lifespan, state of charge, etc.) information can be provided to the PCS 364.

In addition, the BMS 368 may perform a protection operation to protect the battery 366. For example, the BMS 368 may perform one or more of an overcharge protection function, an overdischarge protection function, an overcurrent protection function, an overvoltage protection function, an overheat protection function, and a cell balancing function for the battery 366.

In addition, the BMS 368 may adjust the SOC level of the battery 366.

Specifically, the BMS 368 may receive a control signal from the PCS 364 and adjust the SOC level of the battery 366 based on the received signal.

The PMS 362 may control the PCS 364 based on data related to the battery 366 provided from the BMS 368.

Specifically, the PMS 362 may monitor the state of the battery 366 and may monitor the state of the PCS 364. That is, the PMS 362 may control the PCS 364 according to its efficiency based on the data related to the battery 366 received from the BMS 368.

In addition, the PMS 362 may monitor the state of the battery 366 through the BMS 368 and provide the collected data related to the battery 366 to the first EMS 310.

The building-related power system 390 may include a BEMS 392, a distribution board 398, a BAS 393, a cooling and heating system 394, a first distributed power system 395, and a third ESS 396.

Specifically, the BEMS 392 can reduce the peak load by controlling at least one of the cooling and heating system 394, the first distributed power system 395, and the third ESS 396 through the BAS 393, The distribution board 398 can also be controlled.

In addition, the distribution board 398 and the BAS 393 can be controlled through communication with the BEMS 392, and the cooling and heating system 394, the first distributed power system 395, and the third ESS 396 are the BAS 393. It can be controlled by the BEMS 392 by being connected to.

The building-related power system 390 is optimally controlled for energy saving, thereby reducing energy cost and peak load.

The power state of the first load 350 may be managed by the first ESS 360, and may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, and the like.

Specifically, the first load 350 may be managed by at least one of the first ESS 360, the emergency generator 330, and the building-related power system 390, and the first sensor 320 Can be connected with.

For reference, the first load 350 may be an important load (eg, a laboratory building, a hospital, etc.) requiring uninterrupted, high-quality power supply.

Accordingly, when the integrated operation schedule of the integrated control system 100 is established, the priority (ie, importance priority) of the first load 350 is the priority of each of the second load 450 and the third load 550 ( That is, it may be higher than the importance ranking).

The second microgrid cell 400 may include a second ESS 460 that manages the power states of the second load 450 and the second load 450. In addition, as described above, the second microgrid cell 400 may be connected to the emergency cell 900 in the event of a power shortage or a system blackout to receive power from the emergency cell 900, and detailed information about this may be omitted. do. .

Specifically, the second microgrid cell 400 may include a second EMS 410, a second sensor 420, a second load 450, and a second ESS 460.

For reference, although not shown in the drawing, the second microgrid cell 400 is a second distributed power system (not shown) driven in connection with the second ESS 460; Renewable energy system).

The second EMS 410 may control the second ESS 460 and the second distributed power system.

Specifically, the second EMS 410 is a component included in the second microgrid cell 400 (that is, the second sensor 420, the second load 450, the second ESS 460, the second distribution) Power system).

In addition, the second EMS 410 can communicate with the middleware server 200, and transmits power-related data (eg, second power supply and demand status information) of the second microgrid cell 400 to the middleware server 200. The control signal or command of the integrated control system 100 may be transmitted to or received from the middleware server 200.

Here, the second power supply and demand status information may include at least one of, for example, information on the amount of power that can be produced in the second microgrid cell 400, information on the amount of power required, and information on the operation schedule of the second ESS 460. .

The second sensor 420 may detect the power state of the second load 450.

Specifically, the second sensor 420 may be, for example, an IoT sensor equipped with a communication function, and detects the power state of the second load 450 (eg, whether power is insufficient, whether power is excessive, etc.) Thus, the information sensed by the cloud server 600 may be provided.

The power state of the second load 450 may be managed by the second ESS 460, and may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, and the like.

Specifically, the second load 450 may manage power supply and demand by the second ESS 460 and may be connected to the second sensor 420.

For reference, the second load 450 may be a general load (eg, a classroom building, a dormitory, etc.) requiring energy efficiency through connection with the second distributed power system. In addition, the second load 450 may include at least one or more loads 450a to 450c having different priorities. Accordingly, during peak control, a load having a high priority among the second loads 450 may be supplied with power, and a load having a low priority may be cut off. That is, among the second loads 450, a load with a high priority (for example, 450a) can continue to receive power during peak control, but a load with a low priority (for example, 450b, 450c) has a peak control. If you do, you may not be able to receive power.

In summary, when an event such as peak control occurs, loads that need to be selectively driven based on characteristics or priority may be included in the second microgrid cell 400.

Accordingly, even when the second load 450 receives power from the emergency cell 900, some loads (eg, 450a) may first receive power according to characteristics or priority.

The second ESS 460 may manage the power state of the second load 450 and may perform a peak control function.

In addition, the second ESS 460 may include a PMS, a battery, a BMS, and a PCS, like the first ESS 360 described above, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The third microgrid cell 500 may include a third load 550.

Specifically, the third microgrid cell 500 may include a third sensor 520 and a third load 550.

For reference, unlike the second microgrid cell 400, the third microgrid cell 500 may have no EMS, ESS, or distributed power system. Accordingly, the power supply/demand status information of the third microgrid cell 500 may be transmitted to the middleware server 200 through the cloud server 600 through the third sensor 520.

Of course, the third sensor 520 of the third microgrid cell 500 may directly transmit the power state of the third load 550 to the middleware server 200 by communicating with the middleware server 200.

The third sensor 520 may detect the power state of the third load 550.

Specifically, the third sensor 520 may be, for example, an IoT sensor equipped with a communication function, and detects the power state of the third load 550 (eg, whether power is insufficient, whether power is excessive, etc.) Thus, the information sensed by the cloud server 600 may be provided.

The third load 550 may include, for example, a home, a large building, a factory, or the like.

Specifically, the third load 550 may be connected to the third sensor 520.

For reference, the third load 550 may be a general load without linkage with the distributed power system, and an analysis-based energy reduction service (for example, through the third sensor 520). 3 By transmitting the power state information of the load 550, the user can check the power state of the third load 550 in real time through the mobile terminal 800 that can communicate with the cloud server 600. You can do it with a purpose.

As described above, the emergency cell 900 includes an additional ESS 910 and an additional emergency generator 930 having a UPS structure, and may be selectively connected to the second microgrid cell 400.

Specifically, the additional emergency generator 930 may be, for example, a diesel generator, and is driven in conjunction with the additional ESS 910, so that the power shortage of the second load 450 or the power failure of the second microgrid cell 400 At the time, the uninterruptible independent operation of the second microgrid cell 400 may be maintained for a specific time (eg, a time during which the second microgrid cell 400 is connected to the emergency cell 900).

For reference, by using an existing diesel generator as the additional emergency generator 930 and using a small-capacity ESS as the additional ESS 910, it is possible to reduce the initial investment cost. In addition, since a long or unlimited independent operation is possible through the additional emergency generator 930, reliability of power supply and demand can be secured, and economical efficiency can be secured through a reduction in peak load by enabling a planned independent operation.

Of course, the emergency cell 900 may not include an additional emergency generator 930. In this case, when the second load 450 lacks power or the second microgrid cell 400 is out of power, the additional ESS 910 having a UPS structure may supply power to the second load 450 through uninterruption.

However, for convenience of explanation, in the present invention, the case that the emergency cell 900 includes an additional emergency generator 930 will be described as an example.

The additional ESS 910 may have a UPS structure, and is designed to enable uninterrupted independent operation in case of an accident such as a power shortage of the second load 450 or a power failure of the second microgrid cell 400. Enables power supply.

Specifically, the additional ESS 910 may supply power to the second load 450 through uninterrupted power when the second load 450 is insufficiently powered or the second microgrid cell 400 is powered off based on the UPS structure.

In addition, the additional ESS 910 may include a PMS, a battery, a BMS, and a PCS, like the first ESS 360 described above, but a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

For reference, although not shown in the drawing, the emergency cell 900 further includes a distributed power system (not shown; for example, a renewable energy system such as wind power or solar power) that is driven in connection with the additional ESS 910. It can also be included.

As described above, according to the present invention, power of adjacent microgrid cells through the integrated control system 100 that establishes an optimal integrated operation schedule based on the power supply and demand status of at least one microgrid cell (300, 400, 500). It can be efficiently controlled by integrating supply and demand conditions.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the load 450 (that is, the second load) in the normal cell 400 (that is, the second microgrid cell) is in a power shortage state, the additional ESS 910 and the By connecting the additional emergency generator 930 and temporarily transforming it into a premium cell, it is possible to solve the problem of insufficient power supply and demand. In addition, when a power outage occurs in the normal cell 400, the power outage problem can be solved by connecting an additional ESS 910 and an additional emergency generator 930 to the normal cell 400 to stably supply power through uninterruption. .

Hereinafter, a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a hierarchical power control system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

For reference, the hierarchical power control system 2 shown in FIG. 4 has the same configuration, function, and effect as the hierarchical power control system 1 shown in FIG. 1 except for the number of normal cells. Let's focus on the explanation.

Referring to FIG. 4, a hierarchical power control system 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a fourth microgrid cell 590 (that is, a normal cell) more than the hierarchical power control system 1 of FIG. 1. Can include.

Specifically, the integrated control system 100 included in the hierarchical power control system 2 of FIG. 4, the middleware server 200, the first to third microgrid cells 300, 400, 500, and the emergency cell 900 ), the cloud server 600 may be the same as the integrated control system, middleware server, first to third microgrid cells, emergency cells, and cloud servers of FIG. 1, respectively.

In addition, the fourth microgrid cell 590 may have the same configuration and function as the second microgrid cell 400, and may be selectively connected to the emergency cell 900.

Specifically, the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected to at least one of the second and fourth microgrid cells 400 and 590.

In other words, the integrated control system 100 connects the emergency cell 900 with the second microgrid cell 400 when the load included in the second microgrid cell 400 is short of power, and the fourth microgrid cell 590 When the power of the load included in) is insufficient, the emergency cell 900 may be connected to the fourth microgrid cell 590.

Of course, when both the load included in the second microgrid cell 400 and the load included in the fourth microgrid cell 590 are in a power shortage state, the integrated control system 100 provides the emergency cell 900 as a second And the fourth microgrid cells 400 and 590 may be simultaneously connected.

For reference, even in the case of the fourth microgrid cell 590, it may be selectively connected to the emergency cell 900 through a separate conversion switch (not shown), and the conversion switch may be driven by the integrated control system 100. I can.

In this way, the fourth microgrid cell 590 and the emergency cell 900 may be selectively connected through a conversion switch driven by the integrated control system 100.

In addition, the integrated control system 100 calculates the insufficient power amount of the second microgrid cell 400 based on the power supply and demand status information of the second microgrid cell 400 received from the middleware server 200 to determine the first power supply value. And, based on the power supply/demand status information of the fourth microgrid cell 590 received from the middleware server 200, the power shortage amount of the fourth microgrid cell 590 may be calculated to determine the second power supply value. .

In addition, the integrated control system 100 generates a first control signal including information on the determined first power supply amount value and a second control signal including information on the determined second power supply amount value, And a second control signal may be provided to the emergency cell 900 through the middleware server 200.

The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell 900 are transmitted to an additional ESS (not shown; same as 910 in FIG. 2) and an additional emergency generator (not shown; same as 930 in FIG. 2), and the additional ESS is Based on the first and second control signals, power may be supplied uninterruptedly to loads included in the second and fourth microgrid cells 400 and 590, respectively.

In addition, the additional emergency generator supplies power to the loads included in the second and fourth microgrid cells 400 and 590, respectively, based on the first and second control signals. 2 It can be driven in conjunction with each other based on the control signal.

For reference, although only two normal cells (that is, the second and fourth microgrid cells 400 and 590) are shown in FIG. 4, the hierarchical power control system 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention is 3 It may include more than one normal cell, and each of the normal cells is selectively connected to the emergency cell 900 to receive power from the emergency cell 900 at the same time or at a time difference in case of insufficient power or a power outage.

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of normal cells can be temporarily transformed into premium cells through the emergency cell 900, such as a power supply shortage problem or a power failure in a plurality of normal cells simultaneously or at a time difference. Even if this occurs, you can solve the problem.

The above-described present invention is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Is not limited by.

100: integrated control system 200: middleware server
300: first microgrid cell 400: second microgrid cell
500: third microgrid cell 600: cloud server
700: external 800: mobile terminal
900: emergency cell

Claims (14)

In the hierarchical power control system linked to the cloud server,
A first microgrid cell including a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS;
A second microgrid cell including a second load and a second ESS for managing power states of the second load;
A third microgrid cell including a third load;
An emergency cell including an additional ESS and an additional emergency generator with a UPS structure, and selectively connected to the second microgrid cell;
A middleware server communicating with the first to third microgrid cells and the emergency cell; And
Integrated control system for receiving power supply/demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells through the middleware server and establishing an integrated operation schedule based on the received power supply/demand status information of the first to third microgrid cells Containing
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 1,
When a power problem occurs in the second microgrid cell, the integrated control system
The power supply amount value is determined by calculating the insufficient power amount of the second microgrid cell based on the power supply/demand status information of the second microgrid cell received from the middleware server,
Generates a control signal including information on the determined power supply amount value,
Providing the generated control signal to the emergency cell through the middleware server,
Connecting the emergency cell and the second microgrid cell
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 2,
The control signal provided to the emergency cell is transmitted to the additional ESS and the additional emergency generator,
The additional ESS supplies power uninterruptedly to the second load based on the control signal,
The additional emergency generator supplies power to the second load based on the control signal,
The additional ESS and the additional emergency generator are driven by interworking with each other based on the control signal
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 1,
The first microgrid cell further includes a first sensor for sensing a power state of the first load,
The second microgrid cell further comprises a second sensor for sensing a power state of the second load,
The third microgrid cell further comprises a third sensor for sensing the power state of the third load,
Each of the first to third sensors detects the power state of the first to third loads and transmits them to the cloud server.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 4,
The cloud server,
At least one of climate data and power-related data is provided from the outside,
Comprehensive analysis of at least one of the power state of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors and the climate data and power-related data provided from the outside,
Providing the analysis result to the middleware server
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 5,
The middleware server provides the analysis result provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system,
The integrated control system predicts the driving schedule of each of the first to third microgrid cells based on the analysis result provided from the middleware server.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 4,
The cloud server provides the power state of the first to third loads provided from the first to third sensors to the middleware server,
The middleware server provides the power state of the first to third loads provided from the cloud server to the integrated control system,
The integrated control system compares the power states of the first to third loads provided from the middleware server with the integrated operation schedule, and adjusts the integrated operation schedule based on the comparison result.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 1,
The first microgrid cell is a first EMS (Energy Management System) for controlling a building-related power system including an emergency generator and a first distributed power system, the emergency generator, the building-related power system, and the first ESS. ),
The second microgrid cell further comprises a second distributed power system driven in connection with the second ESS, and a second EMS (Energy Management System) controlling the second ESS and the second distributed power system.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 8,
The building-related power system,
BEMS (Building Energy Management System),
A distribution board that communicates with the BEMS,
BAS (Building Automation System) communicating with the BEMS,
A cooling and heating system connected to the BAS,
The first distributed power system connected to the BAS;
Further comprising a third ESS connected to the BAS,
The BEMS controls at least one of the cooling and heating system, the first distributed power system, and the third ESS through the BAS to reduce peak load.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 8,
The integrated control system receives the power supply and demand status information through the middleware server,
The power supply and demand state information includes first power supply and demand state information received from the first EMS and second power supply and demand state information received from the second EMS,
The first power supply and demand status information includes at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the first microgrid cell, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the first ESS,
The second power supply and demand status information includes at least one of information on an amount of power that can be produced in the second microgrid cell, information on a required amount of power, and information on an operation schedule of the second ESS.
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 8,
The integrated control system provides the integrated operation schedule to the first and second EMS through the middleware server,
The first EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the first microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server,
The second EMS adjusts the power supply and demand schedule of the second microgrid cell based on the integrated operation schedule provided through the middleware server.
Tiered power control system.
In the hierarchical power control system linked to the cloud server,
A first microgrid cell including a first ESS having a UPS structure and a first load whose power state is managed by the first ESS;
A second microgrid cell including a second load and a second ESS for managing power states of the second load;
A third microgrid cell including a third load;
A fourth microgrid cell including a fourth load and a third ESS for managing power states of the fourth load;
An emergency cell including an additional ESS and an additional emergency generator with a UPS structure, and selectively connected to at least one of the second and fourth microgrid cells;
A middleware server communicating with the first to fourth microgrid cells and the emergency cell; And
Integrated control system for receiving power supply and demand status information of the first to fourth microgrid cells through the middleware server, and establishing an integrated operation schedule based on the received power supply and demand status information of the first to fourth microgrid cells Containing
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 12,
When a power problem occurs in the second and fourth microgrid cells, the integrated control system
A first power supply value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the second microgrid cell based on the power supply/demand status information of the second microgrid cell received from the middleware server,
A second power supply value is determined by calculating an insufficient power amount of the fourth microgrid cell based on the power supply/demand status information of the fourth microgrid cell received from the middleware server,
Generating a first control signal including information on the determined first power supply amount value and a second control signal including information on the determined second power supply amount value,
Providing the generated first and second control signals to the emergency cell through the middleware server,
Connecting the emergency cell and the second and fourth microgrid cells
Tiered power control system.
The method of claim 13,
The first and second control signals provided to the emergency cell are transmitted to the additional ESS and the additional emergency generator,
The additional ESS supplies power uninterruptedly to the second and fourth loads, respectively, based on the first and second control signals,
The additional emergency generator supplies power to the second and fourth loads, respectively, based on the first and second control signals,
The additional ESS and the additional emergency generator are driven by interworking with the first and second control signals.
Tiered power control system.

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