JP6218810B2 - 卒中後の神経形成を促進するためのセマフォリン−4d結合分子の使用 - Google Patents
卒中後の神経形成を促進するためのセマフォリン−4d結合分子の使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2013年3月15日に出願された米国特許非仮出願第13/842,523号、および2012年5月11日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/646,119号の優先権恩典を主張し、各々の内容は、全体として参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
本出願とともに提出したASCIIテキストファイル(名称:"1843072PC01_SequenceListing.txt";サイズ:7,562バイト;および作成日:2013年5月10日)における電子的に提示した配列表の内容は、全体として参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
CD100としても公知であるセマフォリン4D(SEMA4D)は、セマフォリン遺伝子ファミリーに属する膜貫通タンパク質である(例えば、SEQ ID NO: 1(ヒト);SEQ ID NO: 2(マウス))。SEMA4Dは、ホモ二量体として細胞表面上に発現しているが、細胞活性化時に、SEMA4Dは、タンパク質分解性切断を介して細胞表面から放出されて、タンパク質の可溶型であるsSEMA4Dを生成することができ、これもまた生物学的に活性を有する。例えば、Suzuki et al., Nature Rev. Immunol. 3:159-167 (2003)(非特許文献1);Kikutani et al., Nature Immunol. 9:17-23 (2008)(非特許文献2)を参照されたい。
[本発明1001]
中枢神経系障害の少なくとも1つの症候を呈する患者の神経組織において神経形成を促進するための方法であって、セマフォリン-4D(SEMA4D)に特異的に結合する単離された結合分子の有効量を、必要とする対象に投与する段階を含む、方法。
[本発明1002]
単離された結合分子がSEMA4D活性を阻害する、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1003]
阻害されるSEMA4D活性が二量体化である、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1004]
単離された結合分子が、受容体または受容体の一部とのSEMA4Dの相互作用を阻害する、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1005]
受容体が、プレキシン-B1、プレキシン-B2、またはCD72からなる群より選択される、本発明1004の方法。
[本発明1006]
VX15/2503または67からなる群より選択される参照モノクローナル抗体がSEMA4Dに特異的に結合することを、前記単離された結合分子が競合的に阻害する、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1007]
単離された結合分子が、VX15/2503または67からなる群より選択される参照モノクローナル抗体と同一のSEMA4Dエピトープに特異的に結合する、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1008]
単離された結合分子が、抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1009]
抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、モノクローナル抗体VX15/2503もしくは67であるか、またはこれらに由来する、本発明1008の方法。
[本発明1010]
抗体が、キメラ、ヒト、またはヒト化である、本発明1008の方法。
[本発明1011]
抗体が、モノクローナル抗体VX15/2503または67由来の6個のCDRを含む、本発明1008の方法。
[本発明1012]
中枢神経系障害が、神経変性障害、急性脳損傷、およびある特定のCNS機能不全からなる群より選択される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1013]
神経変性障害が、アルツハイマー病、ハンチントン病、筋委縮性側索硬化症、パーキンソン病、および多発性硬化症からなる群より選択される、本発明1012の方法。
[本発明1014]
CNS機能不全が、うつ病、てんかん、および統合失調症からなる群より選択される、本発明1012の方法。
[本発明1015]
前駆細胞の数を増加させ、その分化を増強し、および/またはその生存を増大させる、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1016]
中枢神経系障害を有する対象において前駆細胞の数を増加させるための方法であって、セマフォリン-4D(SEMA4D)に特異的に結合する単離された結合分子の有効量を該対象に投与する段階を含む、方法。
[本発明1017]
対象において中枢神経系障害の負担を低減させる、本発明1016の方法。
[本発明1018]
患者において卒中を処置するための方法であって、セマフォリン-4D(SEMA4D)に特異的に結合する単離された結合分子の有効量を、必要とする対象に投与する段階を含む、方法。
[本発明1019]
単離された結合分子がSEMA4Dに特異的に結合する、本発明1018の方法。
[本発明1020]
単離された結合分子が、受容体または受容体の一部とのSEMA4Dの相互作用を阻害する、本発明1018の方法。
[本発明1021]
単離された結合分子が、抗体またはその抗原結合断片である、本発明1018の方法。
[本発明1022]
SEMA4Dに特異的に結合する抗体またはその抗原結合断片が、SEQ ID NO: 1または3に示される配列を有する重鎖可変ドメイン、およびSEQ ID NO: 2または4に示される配列を有する軽鎖可変ドメインを含む、本発明1017の方法。
[本発明1023]
急性脳損傷が、卒中、頭部損傷、脳性麻痺、脳梗塞、脊髄損傷、および外傷性損傷からなる群より選択される、本発明1012の方法。
I.定義
実体という用語は、1つまたは複数のその実体を指し、例えば、「抗SEMA4D抗体」は、1つまたは複数の抗SEMA4D抗体を表すように理解されることに、注意されたい。そのように、「1つの(「a」または「an」)」、「1つまたは複数の」、および「少なくとも1つの」という用語は、本明細書において互換的に使用することができる。
神経形成とは、概して、新たなニューロンの産生を指す。伝統的に、神経形成は、胚期中および出生後早期中のみに起こり、成体脳においては有意な役割を有さないと、考えられていた。しかしながら、近年、神経形成が、成体哺乳動物脳の選択された領域において起こり、これらおよび他の領域において損傷に応答して刺激され得ることが、仮定されている。
本明細書において使用される際、「セマフォリン-4D」、「SEMA4D」、および「SEMA4Dポリペプチド」という用語は、「SEMA4D」および「Sema4D」のように、互換的に使用される。ある特定の態様において、SEMA4Dは、細胞の表面上に発現しているか、または細胞により分泌される。別の態様において、SEMA4Dは膜結合性である。別の態様において、SEMA4Dは可溶性、例えばsSEMA4Dである。他の態様において、SEMA4Dは、完全なサイズのSEMA4D、またはその断片、またはSEMA4D変異体ポリペプチドを含んでもよく、該SEMA4Dの断片またはSEMA4D変異体ポリペプチドは、完全なサイズのSEMA4Dのいくつかまたはすべての機能特性を保持している。
SEMA4Dに結合する抗体は、当技術分野において記載されている。例えば、米国特許出願公開第2008/0219971 A1号、米国特許出願公開第2010/0285036 A1号、および米国特許出願公開第2006/0233793 A1号、国際特許出願である国際公開公報第93/14125号、国際公開公報第2008/100995号、および国際公開公報第2010/129917号、ならびにHerold et al., Int. Immunol. 7(1): 1-8 (1995)を参照されたく、これらの各々は、全体として参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
H2160の配列:
L553の配列:
本発明の方法は、神経変性障害、神経炎症性障害、急性脳損傷、およびある特定のCNS機能不全を有する対象において神経形成を促進するための、抗SEMA4D結合分子、例えば、その抗原結合断片、変異体、および誘導体を含む抗体の使用に向けられる。以下の議論は、抗SEMA4D抗体の投与に言及するが、本明細書において記載される方法はまた、本発明の抗SEMA4D抗体の望ましい特性を保持する、例えば、SEMA4D、例えば、ヒト、マウス、もしくはヒトおよびマウスSEMA4Dに特異的に結合することができる、SEMA4D中和活性を有することができる、ならびに/またはSEMA4Dのその受容体、例えばプレキシン-B1との相互作用を遮断することができる、これらの抗SEMA4D抗体の抗原結合断片、変異体、および誘導体にも適用可能である。
抗SEMA4D結合分子、例えば、抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、変異体、もしくは誘導体を調製する方法、およびこれらを必要とする対象に投与する方法は、当業者に周知であるか、または当業者により容易に決定される。抗SEMA4D結合分子、例えば、抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、変異体、もしくは誘導体の投与の経路は、例えば、経口であるか、非経口であるか、吸入によるか、または局所であることができる。本明細書において使用される非経口という用語は、例えば、静脈内投与、動脈内投与、腹腔内投与、筋肉内投与、皮下投与、直腸投与、または膣投与を含む。投与のこれらの形態のすべてが、本発明の範囲内であると明らかに企図されるが、投与のための形態の例は、注射用、特に、静脈内または動脈内の注射または点滴用の溶液であろう。注射に適した薬学的組成物は、緩衝剤(例えば、酢酸緩衝剤、リン酸緩衝剤、またはクエン酸緩衝剤)、界面活性剤(例えばポリソルベート)、任意で安定剤(例えばヒトアルブミン)などを含むことができる。しかしながら、本明細書における教示と適合する他の方法において、抗SEMA4D結合分子、例えば、抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、変異体、もしくは誘導体を、有害な細胞集団の部位に直接送達し、それにより患部組織の治療剤への曝露を増加させることができる。
基本的な実験設計を、図1に示す。雄、6週齢のCB-17/lcr-1/1Jclマウス(「CB-17マウス」)を使用して、卒中損傷後の神経形成に対する抗SEMA4D抗体の効果を評定した。マウスを、中大脳動脈(MCA)閉塞(MCAO)に供した。簡潔に言うと、動物を、30%酸素/70%亜酸化窒素混合物中の4%ハロタンで誘導される深麻酔下に置き、麻酔段階を1〜2%ハロタンで維持した。他の場所に記載されているように左の中大脳動脈(MCA)の遠位部分の結紮および切断により、永続性局所的脳虚血を生じさせた(Taguchi et al., 2004, 2007)。動物をハロタン麻酔下にして、左のMCAを単離し、電気焼灼して、交差する嗅索のすぐ遠位で(遠位M1部分)切断した。MCA領域における脳血流(CBF)を、以前に記載されたようにモニタリングした(Matsushita et al., 1998)。このマウス系統において作製される脳梗塞は、高度に再現可能であり、同側大脳皮質に限定される(Taguchi et al., 2004, 2007)。
およびネスチンリバース、
(単位複製配列サイズ、307 bp);Sox2フォワード、
およびSox2リバース、
(単位複製配列サイズ、312 bp);プロテオリピドタンパク質(PLP)フォワード、
およびPLPリバース、
(単位複製配列サイズ、295 bp);ならびにβ-アクチンフォワード、
およびβ-アクチンリバース、
(単位複製配列サイズ、353 bp)。結果を図3A〜図3Dに示し、下記で詳細に議論する。
MCAO後7日目に、神経幹/先駆細胞の存在に対する抗SEMA4D抗体の効果を検討した。図2は、アイソタイプ対照(左のパネル、AおよびC)ならびに抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウス(右のパネル、BおよびD)の、梗塞の境界における2個の代表的な領域(図2Eに記号で示されている)由来の虚血組織の免疫細胞化学染色の画像を示す。これらの結果により、抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスは、対照抗体で処置したマウスと比較して神経幹/前駆細胞マーカータンパク質の増大した発現を有することが示される。これらのデータにより、抗SEMA4D抗体は、虚血脳において神経幹/先駆細胞集団を保護し得、および/または神経形成を誘導し得ることが示唆される。
MCAO後30日目に、脳の容積に対する抗SEMA4D抗体の効果を検討した。図4A〜図4Bは、1匹の代表的なアイソタイプ対照マウス(左、図4A)および1匹の代表的な抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウス(右、図4B)由来の、成熟ニューロンマーカーであるNeuNに特異的な抗体で染色された脳切片を示す。脳容積は、線条体(実線)および半球(点線)の容積により表される。図4C〜図4Dは、処置したマウスの各群について、それぞれ線条体および半球の容積の計算比(L/R)を示す。抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスとアイソタイプ対照で処置したマウスとの間に、脳の全半球容積(破線)における統計学的に有意な差は無いが、抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスは、対照抗体で処置したマウスよりも有意に大きい線条体容積(実線)を有する。これらのデータにより、局所的虚血傷害の近位の線条体領域は、抗SEMA4D抗体処置により保護され得ることが示唆される。
MCAO後30日目に、脳におけるニューロンの存在に対する抗SEMA4D抗体の効果を検討した。図5は、1匹の代表的なアイソタイプ対照マウス(下のパネル、図5B)および1匹の代表的な抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウス(上のパネル、図5A)由来の、虚血脳組織のNeuNで染色された画像を示す。これらの結果により、抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスは、対照抗体で処置したマウスと比較した際に、脳梗塞の境界の線条体(矢印)において、成熟ニューロン細胞マーカーであるNeuNの増大した発現を有することが示される。これらのデータにより、抗SEMA4D抗体処置は、潜在的に、虚血脳において神経幹/先駆細胞集団を保護すること、および/または神経形成を誘導することにより、成熟ニューロンの発生を促進することが示唆される。
MCAO後30日目に、行動活性に対する抗SEMA4D抗体の効果を検討した。抗SEMA4D抗体および対照IgGで処置したマウスを、10分間、明および暗環境下でオープンフィールド試験に供した。図6A〜図6Bは、MCAOを受けたマウス(対照IgGおよび抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスの両方)が、偽処置したマウスと比較して有意に高い明期における活性(p<0.05)を有するが、暗期においては有さない様子を示す。マウスは通常、明環境から暗闇に入れられた際に増大した活性を有する。図6Cは、暗期/明期の運動活性の比が、対照抗体で処置したマウスとは対照的に、抗SEMA4D抗体で処置したマウスにおいて有意に改善され、偽処置したマウスに匹敵したことを示す(p<0.05)。暗期/明期の比は、抗SEMA4Dと偽手術群との間では有意に異ならなかった。これらの結果により、MCAO障害を有するマウスの抗SEMA4D抗体処置は、暗/明刺激に対するそれらの応答を正常化するように作用し得るが、対照IgGを受けるマウスは、MCAO障害を有するマウスにより典型的に示される異常な暗/明活性を維持するように見えることが示唆される。
別の研究を、永続性中大脳動脈閉塞(MCAO)のラットモデルにおいて血液脳関門(BBB)完全性および神経形成に対する抗SEMA4Dの効果を評価するために行う。
Claims (13)
- 卒中の結果として神経再生が必要な対象において、神経前駆細胞の増殖、分化、または遊走のうち1つまたは複数を増大させるための組成物であって、セマフォリン-4D(SEMA4D)に特異的に結合する単離された抗体またはその抗原結合断片を含む、組成物。
- 抗体またはその断片が、受容体または受容体の一部とのSEMA4Dの相互作用を阻害することができる、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 受容体が、プレキシン-B1、プレキシン-B2、およびCD72からなる群より選択される、請求項2記載の組成物。
- 抗体またはその断片が:
(a)アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:3を含む重鎖(VH)の可変ドメインおよびアミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:4を含む軽鎖(VL)の可変ドメインを含む参照モノクローナル抗体を競合的に阻害する、または
(b)アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:3を含むVHおよびアミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:4を含むVLを含む参照モノクローナル抗体と同じエピトープに結合する、請求項1記載の組成物。 - 抗体またはその断片が、
それぞれアミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:5、6、および7であるVH-CDR1、VH-CDR2、およびVH-CDR3を含むVH;ならびに
それぞれアミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:8、9、および10であるVL-CDR1、VL-CDR2、およびVL-CDR3を含むVL
を含む、請求項4記載の組成物。 - 抗体またはその断片が、
アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:1を含むVH、および
アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:2を含むVL
を含む、請求項5記載の組成物。 - 抗体またはその断片が、
アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:3を含むVH、および
アミノ酸配列SEQ ID NO:4を含むVL
を含む、請求項5記載の組成物。 - 抗体またはその断片が、血液脳関門の血液側に投与される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 抗体またはその断片が、血液脳関門の脳側に投与される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 対象がヒトである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 対象への有効量の抗体またはその断片の投与によって、対象において神経先駆細胞マーカーまたは神経前駆細胞マーカーの発現の増加がもたらされる、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- マーカーがSox2および/またはネスチンである、請求項11記載の組成物。
- 抗体またはその断片がIgGアイソタイプである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
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SG11201407416XA (en) | 2015-03-30 |
ZA201501674B (en) | 2021-06-30 |
MX358991B (es) | 2018-08-31 |
CA2872928C (en) | 2021-02-16 |
JP2015517502A (ja) | 2015-06-22 |
EP2846831A1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
KR102105436B1 (ko) | 2020-04-29 |
CN110064054A (zh) | 2019-07-30 |
BR112014028160B1 (pt) | 2021-01-12 |
EA201492067A1 (ru) | 2015-05-29 |
EP2846831B1 (en) | 2021-07-07 |
PT2846831T (pt) | 2021-08-19 |
KR20150018555A (ko) | 2015-02-23 |
US20130302320A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
DK2846831T3 (en) | 2021-10-11 |
NZ630864A (en) | 2017-03-31 |
IL235603A0 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
IL235603B (en) | 2020-01-30 |
WO2013170221A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
CA2872928A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
EA030796B1 (ru) | 2018-09-28 |
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