JP6214474B2 - 皮膚疾患経口治療または予防剤 - Google Patents
皮膚疾患経口治療または予防剤 Download PDFInfo
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Description
そのためΔ6不飽和酵素の下流にあるPUFAの摂取がこのようなPUPA代謝異常を伴う疾患を改善し得ることが推察され、その中でも天然界に比較的多く存在し、マツヨイグサ、クロスグリ、ルリジサの種子に多く含まれるGLAの摂取よってアトピー性皮膚炎の諸症状を改善できるかが検討された。
この組成物は、例えば食品組成物又は医薬組成物である。
前記皮膚炎は、例えばアレルギー性皮膚炎、例えばアトピー性皮膚炎である。
前記組成物中のDGLAの含有量は、例えば、成人1人1日当り5mg〜600mgのジホモ−γ−リノレン酸(DGLA)を摂取するのに適当な量である。例えば、DGLAの摂取量は、成人1人1日当り5mg〜200mg、あるいは5mg〜150mgである。
組成物は、例えば、丸剤、錠剤又はカプセル剤の形態である。
食品組成物としては、食餌サプリメント、ならびに(医薬)処方物および調製品、例えば、錠剤、丸剤およびカプセルが挙げられる。さらに、固形または液状食料品、例えば乳製品(マーガリン、バター、牛乳、ヨーグルト)、パン、ケーキ;ドリンク類、例えば飲料(お茶、コーヒー、ココア、チョコレートドリンク)、フルーツジュース、ソフトドリンク(例えば炭酸飲料);菓子;油性食品(スナック、サラダドレッシング、マヨネーズ)、スープ、ソース、炭水化物に富む食品(ご飯、麺類、パスタ)、魚入り食品、ベビーフード(例えば、乳幼児用フォーミュラ、液状または粉末として)、ペットフード、および調理済み食品または電子レンジで調理可能な食品が挙げられる。
本発明に用いるDGLAに変換可能なこの酸の生理的に許容される官能性誘導体としては、DGLAを含むトリグリセライド、ジグリセライド、モノグリセライドとして、あるいはリン脂質、糖脂質として、さらには遊離の脂肪酸、脂肪酸エステル(例えば、メチルまたはエチルエステル)、ステロールエステルとしての形態で有り得る。
しかし、PUFAレベルが低いまたは不足している個体にも用いることが出来る。例えば血中におけるn3系またはn6系PUFAの異常または低いレベルに関連する疾患または状態の予防、防止、改善、治療に用いることが出来る。それゆえ、本発明は、DGLAレベルの低い被験者、例えばLAからGLAおよびDGLAへの変換、GLAからDGLAへの変換が出来ないか、および/あるいは効果的に変換できない被験者への使用を提供する。それゆえ、適当な患者は、Δ6不飽和化酵素および/あるいは炭素鎖伸長化酵素が機能不全、不十分、または欠乏していればよい。
DGLAレベルの低い状態あるいはDGLAレベルが正常から変動している状態、その他の状態の是正、例えば接触性皮膚炎、湿疹、UVによる皮膚障害等の各種皮膚疾患、慢性関節リウマチ、糖尿病患者、アルコール中毒者、喫煙者等にも使用することが出来る。
実施例1.
以上のように、DGLAの摂取がアトピー性皮膚炎の予防や治療に有用であることが予想されたため、DGLA油脂である特許第3354581号で示す方法で調製したDGLAを主構成脂肪酸とするトリグリセライドSUNTGDを用いて実験動物におけるその有用性を検討した。今回アトピー性皮膚炎のモデル動物としてNC/Ngaマウスを用いた。本モデル動物は現在最も有用なアトピー性皮膚炎モデルの一つと認識されており、実際にアトピー治療の臨床現場で用いられているステロイド外用剤や免疫抑制外用剤等は本モデル動物においても有効性を示すことが証明されていることから、アトピー性皮膚炎治療薬のスクリーニングにも汎用されている。
ヒトにおけるDGLA経口摂取量と、体内DGLAレベルの関係を明らかにするために、DGLA経口摂取量を食事調査で調べるとともに、採血実施後、血清リン脂質中のDGLA量を測定した。対象者は健康な60-70歳の男性11名で、食事内容や食事素材を記した日誌を1週間にわたってつけてもらった。その日誌から、DGLA量を含有することがわかっている肉類、卵類、魚介類について食品素材別の摂取量を求め、「四訂日本食品標準成分表 日本食品脂溶性成分表(1990)」から計算できる食品素材別のDGLA含有量を用いて、各人の1日ごとのDGLA摂取量を計算した。1週間分のDGLA摂取量から、1日平均DGLA摂取量を各人ごとに算出した。
皮膚疾患の中で太陽光線によっても皮膚はダメージを受けることが知られている。特に波長290-320nmのUV-Bと分類される紫外線は、皮膚の急性的な炎症(sunburn)、色素沈着・日焼け(suntan)、皮膚ガン等の最も大きな原因の一つといわれている。今回、DGLAの皮膚機能へのさらなる可能性を探索するために、モルモットUV-B惹起急性炎症モデルを用いて、DGLAの皮膚急性炎症に対する効果を評価した。本モデルは抗炎症効果を期待した医薬品開発において、薬効スクリーニングに用いられる汎用性の高い動物モデルの中の一つである。
Claims (5)
- ジホモ−γ−リノレン酸(DGLA)を有効成分として含有し、DGLAの摂取量が、成人1人1日当り100mg〜150mgである、アトピー性皮膚炎の治療または予防のための医薬組成物。
- 前記DGLAが、グリセライド、リン脂質、糖脂質、アルキルエステル、又は遊離脂肪酸の形態で存在する、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記グリセライドが、トリグリセライド、ジグリセライド、又はモノグリセライドである、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- DGLAレベルの低い人のアトピー性皮膚炎を治療するための、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DGLAレベルの低い人が、Δ6不飽和酵素及び/又は炭素鎖伸長化酵素が機能不全、不十分、または欠乏している人である、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
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