JP6167538B2 - Scaffolding structure for construction of underground structure and installation method of scaffolding for construction of underground structure - Google Patents

Scaffolding structure for construction of underground structure and installation method of scaffolding for construction of underground structure Download PDF

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JP6167538B2
JP6167538B2 JP2013018699A JP2013018699A JP6167538B2 JP 6167538 B2 JP6167538 B2 JP 6167538B2 JP 2013018699 A JP2013018699 A JP 2013018699A JP 2013018699 A JP2013018699 A JP 2013018699A JP 6167538 B2 JP6167538 B2 JP 6167538B2
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scaffold
retaining wall
underground structure
excavation
construction
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直人 安成
直人 安成
俊彦 丹下
俊彦 丹下
田中　伸和
伸和 田中
峻二 青木
峻二 青木
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Obayashi Corp
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Description

本発明は、地中構造物の構築用の足場構造、及び、地中構造物の構築用の足場の設置方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a scaffold structure for constructing an underground structure, and a method for installing a scaffold for constructing an underground structure.

地中構造物の構築方法として、地中構造物を構築する領域を囲むように土留壁を鉛直に構築して該土留壁に囲まれた領域を掘削してから、地中構造物を構築するための足場を、土留壁の近傍において掘削底面から上側へと組み上げていき、その後、地中構造物を、掘削底面から上側へと構築していく方法が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   As a method for constructing underground structures, a retaining wall is constructed vertically so as to surround an area for constructing the underground structure, and an area surrounded by the retaining wall is excavated before constructing the underground structure. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a scaffold is assembled from the bottom of excavation to the upper side in the vicinity of the retaining wall, and then the underground structure is constructed from the bottom of the excavation to the upper side. reference).

特開昭６１−２５４７５３号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-254753

特許文献１に記載の地中構造物の構築方法では、足場を掘削底面から上側へと組み上げていくが、掘削底面での配筋やコンクリート打設等の低所での作業に足場は不要であり、低所への足場の設置は、無駄な作業となる。また、その不要な低所の足場を設置するためには、設置スペースを掘削する必要があり、掘削量が無駄に増加する。   In the construction method of the underground structure described in Patent Document 1, the scaffold is assembled from the bottom of the excavation to the upper side, but the scaffold is not necessary for work in a low place such as bar arrangement on the bottom of the excavation or concrete placement. Yes, installing a scaffold in a low place is a wasteful work. In addition, in order to install the unnecessary low scaffold, it is necessary to excavate the installation space, and the amount of excavation increases unnecessarily.

本発明は、上記事情に鑑みなされたものであり、地中構造物の構築用の足場を、効率の良い構成にすることを課題とするものである。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it a subject to make the scaffold for construction of an underground structure into an efficient structure.

本発明の地中構造物の構築用の足場構造は、下方に行くに従って掘削領域側に寄るように構築された土留壁と、前記土留壁に前記掘削領域の底部から離間した状態で支持され、前記掘削領域に地中構造物を構築するのに用いられる、複数段に設けられた足場とを備え、前記足場の幅は、下段から上段にかけて次第に広くなっている。 The scaffold structure for constructing the underground structure of the present invention is supported by a retaining wall constructed so as to approach the excavation area side as it goes downward, and in a state separated from the bottom of the excavation area by the retaining wall, the used to construct the underground structure in the excavation area, and a scaffold provided in a plurality of stages, the width of the scaffold, that has become increasingly wider from the lower toward the upper.

本発明において、最上段の前記足場を支持する支持部には補強部材が設けられ、最下段の前記足場を支持する支持部には補強部材が設けられていないこととしてもよい。 In the present invention, the support portion supporting the scaffold top is provided a reinforcing member may be a possible the support portion for supporting the scaffolding lowermost not provided a reinforcing member.

また、本発明の地中構造物の構築用の足場の設置方法は、土留壁を下方に行くに従って掘削領域側に寄るように構築して前記掘削領域を掘削し、前記掘削領域に地中構造物を構築するのに用いる足場を、前記土留壁に前記掘削領域の底部から離間した状態で支持されるように、複数段に設置し、前記足場の幅を、下段から上段にかけて次第に広くするものである。 Further, according to the method of installing a scaffold for constructing an underground structure of the present invention, the retaining wall is constructed so as to approach the excavation area side as it goes downward, and the excavation area is excavated, and the underground structure is formed in the excavation area. A scaffold used for constructing a structure is installed in a plurality of stages so as to be supported by the retaining wall in a state of being separated from the bottom of the excavation area, and the width of the scaffold is gradually increased from the lower stage to the upper stage. It is.

本発明によれば、地中構造物の構築用の足場を、効率の良い構成にすることができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the scaffold for construction of an underground structure can be made into an efficient structure.

一実施形態に係る足場構造を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the scaffold structure which concerns on one Embodiment. 一実施形態に係る足場構造を示す立断面図である。It is a standing sectional view showing the scaffold structure concerning one embodiment.

以下、本発明の一実施形態を、図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は、一実施形態に係る足場構造１００を示す斜視図であり、図２は、該足場構造１００を示す立断面図である。これらの図に示すように、足場構造１００は、下方に向って掘削領域１側に傾斜するように構築された土留壁１０と、土留壁１０に掘削領域１の底部から離間した状態で支持され、掘削領域１に地中構造物２（例えば、図示するようにＲＣ造のボックスカルバート）を構築するのに用いられる足場２０とを備えている。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a scaffold structure 100 according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an elevational sectional view showing the scaffold structure 100. As shown in these drawings, the scaffold structure 100 is supported by the retaining wall 10 constructed so as to incline downward toward the excavation region 1, and being separated from the bottom of the excavation region 1 by the retaining wall 10. The excavation area 1 is provided with a scaffold 20 used to construct an underground structure 2 (for example, RC box culvert as shown).

土留壁１０は、下方に向って掘削領域１側に傾斜するように構築された鋼矢板壁であり、複数の鋼矢板１２が掘削領域１の外縁に沿って直線的に並んで連結されると共に、鉛直面Ｖに対して所定の傾斜角度（例えば、１０°）で下方に延びる構成となっている。ここで、複数の鋼矢板１２は、互いに隣り合ってジョイント１２Ｊで連結される物同士が、平面視において複数の連結点が直線的に並ぶように打設されている。   The retaining wall 10 is a steel sheet pile wall constructed so as to incline downward toward the excavation area 1, and a plurality of steel sheet piles 12 are connected in a straight line along the outer edge of the excavation area 1. The vertical plane V extends downward at a predetermined inclination angle (for example, 10 °). Here, the plurality of steel sheet piles 12 are placed so that objects adjacent to each other and connected by the joint 12J are arranged such that the plurality of connection points are linearly arranged in a plan view.

足場２０は、複数段の単管足場であり、足場２０の各段は、足場板２２と、横方向に延びる横パイプ２３からなる手摺２４と、手摺２４の底部に設置された幅木２６と、足場２０の各段を土留壁１０に支持する複数段の支持部３０とを備えている。   The scaffold 20 is a multistage single-tube scaffold. Each stage of the scaffold 20 includes a scaffold plate 22, a handrail 24 including a lateral pipe 23 extending in the lateral direction, and a baseboard 26 installed at the bottom of the handrail 24. And a plurality of stages of support portions 30 that support each stage of the scaffold 20 on the retaining wall 10.

各段の支持部３０は、土留壁１０に固定された複数の形鋼３２を備えている。この複数の形鋼３２は、足場板２２の下に足場板２２の長手方向に沿って配されており、各形鋼３２は、各縦パイプ２１毎に設けられ、土留壁１０から水平方向に突出している。各形鋼３２には、縦パイプ２１及び足場板２２が固定されており、足場２０の各段は、各段の複数の形鋼３２により土留壁１０に支持されている。   Each stage support 30 includes a plurality of structural steels 32 fixed to the retaining wall 10. The plurality of section steels 32 are arranged below the scaffold plate 22 along the longitudinal direction of the scaffold plate 22, and each shape steel 32 is provided for each vertical pipe 21 in the horizontal direction from the retaining wall 10. It protrudes. The vertical pipe 21 and the scaffold plate 22 are fixed to each section steel 32, and each stage of the scaffold 20 is supported on the earth retaining wall 10 by a plurality of section steels 32 at each stage.

最上段の支持部３０は、複数の補強鋼材３４を備えている。各補強鋼材３４は、各形鋼３２毎に設けられた斜材であって、一端は土留壁１０に固定され、他端は形鋼３２の下部に固定されており、各形鋼３２を補強している。ここで、補強鋼材３４は、足場２０の各段の幅や積載荷重等に応じて、強度計算上必要であれば設置すればよい。   The uppermost support portion 30 includes a plurality of reinforcing steel materials 34. Each reinforcing steel material 34 is a diagonal material provided for each shape steel 32, and one end is fixed to the earth retaining wall 10, and the other end is fixed to a lower portion of the shape steel 32 to reinforce each shape steel 32. doing. Here, the reinforcing steel material 34 may be installed if necessary for strength calculation according to the width of each stage of the scaffold 20, the loaded load, or the like.

縦パイプ２１は、鉛直に配されており、その縦パイプ２１と、上方に向って掘削領域１の反対側へ傾斜した土留壁１０との間に、足場２０の各段が設けられている。そのため、足場２０の各段の幅は、下段から上段にかけて次第に広くなっており、形鋼３２の長さは、下段から上段にかけて次第に長くなっている。また、本実施形態では、鉄筋や型枠材等が足場２０の最上段に積載されることから足場２０の最上段の積載荷重が大きくなっている。従って、最上段の形鋼３２は、長いと共に大きな力を受けるが故に強度計算上、補強鋼材３４が必要となっているのに対して、下側の形鋼３２は補強鋼材３４が不要となっている。   The vertical pipe 21 is arranged vertically, and each stage of the scaffold 20 is provided between the vertical pipe 21 and the earth retaining wall 10 inclined upward to the opposite side of the excavation region 1. Therefore, the width of each stage of the scaffold 20 is gradually increased from the lower stage to the upper stage, and the length of the shape steel 32 is gradually increased from the lower stage to the upper stage. In the present embodiment, since the reinforcing bars, the formwork material, and the like are loaded on the uppermost stage of the scaffold 20, the uppermost loading load of the scaffold 20 is increased. Therefore, since the uppermost shape steel 32 is long and receives a large force, a reinforcing steel material 34 is required for strength calculation, whereas the lower shape steel 32 does not require the reinforcing steel material 34. ing.

土留壁１０と地中構造物２との間隔は、足場２０を設置して足場２０上で配筋やコンクリート打設や防水処理等の作業を実施でき、作業者が昇降できるように設定されている。ここで、土留壁１０と地中構造物２との間隔は、下方に向って次第に狭くなっており、掘削領域１の底部では、土留壁１０が地中構造物２の近傍に位置し、土留壁１０と地中構造物２との間隔が、既製品の足場の最小幅よりも狭い６００ｍｍ以下とすることが可能になっている。   The distance between the retaining wall 10 and the underground structure 2 is set so that the scaffold 20 can be installed, and work such as reinforcement, concrete placement, waterproofing, etc. can be performed on the scaffold 20 and the operator can move up and down. Yes. Here, the distance between the retaining wall 10 and the underground structure 2 is gradually narrowed downward, and at the bottom of the excavation region 1, the retaining wall 10 is located in the vicinity of the underground structure 2, The distance between the wall 10 and the underground structure 2 can be 600 mm or less, which is narrower than the minimum width of the ready-made scaffold.

以上のような構成の足場構造１００は、まず、土留壁１０を下方に向って掘削領域１側に傾斜するように構築して掘削領域１を掘削し、その後、足場２０を、土留壁１０に掘削領域１の底部から離間した状態で支持されるように設置することによって構築する。足場２０を設置する際には、まず、形鋼３２及び補強鋼材３４をボルトにより土留壁１０に溶接等により固定し、その後、横パイプ２３を形鋼３２に金具を用いて固定し、横パイプ２３と縦パイプ２１とを金具を用いて組み上げ、足場板２２と幅木２６とを形鋼３２に固定する。なお、横パイプ２３と縦パイプ２１との固定方法は、溶接でもボルトによる締結でもよい。   The scaffold structure 100 configured as described above is constructed such that the retaining wall 10 is inclined downward toward the excavation region 1 side to excavate the excavation region 1, and then the scaffold 20 is attached to the retaining wall 10. It is constructed by being installed so as to be supported in a state of being separated from the bottom of the excavation area 1. When installing the scaffold 20, first, the shape steel 32 and the reinforcing steel material 34 are fixed to the earth retaining wall 10 with bolts by welding or the like, and then the horizontal pipe 23 is fixed to the shape steel 32 with metal fittings. 23 and the vertical pipe 21 are assembled using metal fittings, and the scaffold plate 22 and the baseboard 26 are fixed to the shape steel 32. The horizontal pipe 23 and the vertical pipe 21 may be fixed by welding or fastening with bolts.

以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００では、土留壁１０が下方に向って掘削領域１側に傾斜するように構築され、地中構造物２を構築するのに用いられる足場２０が、土留壁１０に掘削領域１の底部から離間した状態で支持されている。ここで、掘削領域１の底部での配筋やコンクリート打設等の作業に足場は不要であるところ、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００によれば、掘削領域１の底部から足場２０を組み上げるのではなく、掘削領域１の底部から離間した高さから足場２０を組み上げることによって、配筋やコンクリート打設等の作業に必要な範囲に限って足場２０を設置することができ、足場２０を効率の良い構成にすることができる。   As described above, in the scaffold structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the retaining wall 10 is constructed so as to be inclined downward toward the excavation region 1 side, and used for constructing the underground structure 2. Is supported by the earth retaining wall 10 in a state of being separated from the bottom of the excavation region 1. Here, a scaffold is not necessary for work such as bar arrangement or concrete placement at the bottom of the excavation area 1, but according to the scaffold structure 100 according to this embodiment, the scaffold 20 is assembled from the bottom of the excavation area 1. Instead, by assembling the scaffold 20 from a height separated from the bottom of the excavation area 1, the scaffold 20 can be installed only in a range necessary for work such as bar arrangement and concrete placement, and the scaffold 20 can be efficiently used. It can be made a good configuration.

また、掘削領域１の底部から足場を組み上げる場合には、不要な低所の足場を設置するための掘削が必要になり、掘削量が無駄に増加するところ、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００によれば、その無駄な掘削を不要にでき、掘削量を低減できる。特に、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００では、掘削領域１の底部において土留壁１０が地中構造物２の近傍に位置するように、土留壁１０を構築したことによって、掘削量をさらに低減できる。   Further, when the scaffold is assembled from the bottom of the excavation region 1, excavation for installing an unnecessary low-place scaffold is necessary, and the amount of excavation increases wastefully, the scaffold structure 100 according to the present embodiment According to this, the wasteful excavation can be made unnecessary and the excavation amount can be reduced. In particular, in the scaffold structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the amount of excavation can be further reduced by constructing the retaining wall 10 so that the retaining wall 10 is positioned in the vicinity of the underground structure 2 at the bottom of the excavation region 1. .

また、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００では、下方に向って掘削領域１側へ傾斜した土留壁１０を構築して、その土留壁１０に足場２０を支持させているため、土留壁１０の背面側の地盤によっても、足場２０の荷重が受け止められる。従って、支持部３０や土留壁１０による足場２０の荷重の負担が軽減されるため、形鋼３２や補強鋼材３４の剛性を抑えて材料のコストを低減することができる。   Further, in the scaffold structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the retaining wall 10 that is inclined downward toward the excavation region 1 side is constructed, and the scaffold 20 is supported by the retaining wall 10, and therefore the back surface of the retaining wall 10. The load of the scaffold 20 is received also by the ground on the side. Therefore, since the burden of the load of the scaffold 20 by the support part 30 and the retaining wall 10 is reduced, the rigidity of the shape steel 32 and the reinforcing steel material 34 can be suppressed, and the material cost can be reduced.

また、本実施形態に係る足場構造１００では、土留壁１０を下方に向って掘削領域１側へ傾斜するように構築したことによって、足場２０の幅、即ち足場２０の土留壁１０からの突出量が、上側から下側へかけて次第に狭く（小さく）なっている。これによって、下側の形鋼３２の長さを補強が不要な長さにまで短くすることができ、下側の支持部３０の補強鋼材３４を不要にして材料のコストを低減することができる。   Further, in the scaffold structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the retaining wall 10 is constructed so as to be inclined downward toward the excavation region 1 side, so that the width of the scaffold 20, that is, the protruding amount of the scaffold 20 from the retaining wall 10. However, it becomes narrower (smaller) gradually from the upper side to the lower side. Accordingly, the length of the lower shape steel 32 can be shortened to a length that does not require reinforcement, and the reinforcing steel material 34 of the lower support portion 30 is not required, and the cost of the material can be reduced. .

なお、上述の実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするためのものであり、本発明を限定するものではない。本発明はその趣旨を逸脱することなく、変更、改良され得ると共に本発明にはその等価物が含まれることは勿論である。例えば、上述の実施形態では、土留壁１０を鋼矢板壁としたが、鋼管矢板壁や親杭横矢板壁やソイルセメント柱列壁等の他の土留壁にしてもよい。また、上述の実施形態では、土留壁１０を直線的に下方に延びる構成としたが、曲線的に湾曲しながら下方に延びる構成としてもよい。また、上述の実施形態では、土留壁１０を、鋼矢板１２が掘削領域１の外縁に沿って直線的に並んで連結されるように構成したが、曲線的に並んで連結されるように構成してもよい。さらに、上述の実施形態では、足場２０を単管足場としたが、枠組足場等の他の足場にしてもよい。   In addition, the above-mentioned embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the retaining wall 10 is a steel sheet pile wall, but other retaining walls such as a steel pipe sheet pile wall, a parent pile lateral sheet pile wall, and a soil cement column wall can be used. In the above-described embodiment, the retaining wall 10 is configured to extend linearly downward, but may be configured to extend downward while being curved. Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the earth retaining wall 10 was comprised so that the steel sheet pile 12 might be connected along with the outer edge of the excavation area | region 1, it was comprised so that it might be connected along with a curve. May be. Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the scaffold 20 is a single pipe scaffold, but other scaffolds such as a frame scaffold may be used.

１ 掘削領域、２ 地中構造物、１０ 土留壁、１２ 鋼矢板、１２Ｊ ジョイント、２０ 足場、２１ 縦パイプ、２２ 足場板、２３ 横パイプ、２４ 手摺、２６ 幅木、３０ 支持部、３２ 形鋼、３４ 補強鋼材、１００ 足場構造 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavation area, 2 Underground structure, 10 Earth retaining wall, 12 Steel sheet pile, 12J joint, 20 Scaffolding, 21 Vertical pipe, 22 Scaffolding board, 23 Horizontal pipe, 24 Handrail, 26 Skirting board, 30 Support part, 32 Shape steel , 34 Reinforced steel, 100 Scaffolding structure

Claims (3)

下方に行くに従って掘削領域側に寄るように構築された土留壁と、
前記土留壁に前記掘削領域の底部から離間した状態で支持され、前記掘削領域に地中構造物を構築するのに用いられる、複数段に設けられた足場と
を備え、
前記足場の幅は、下段から上段にかけて次第に広くなっている地中構造物の構築用の足場構造。 A retaining wall constructed to approach the excavation area side as it goes down,
A scaffold provided in a plurality of stages , supported by the earth retaining wall in a state of being separated from the bottom of the excavation area, and used to construct an underground structure in the excavation area ,
The width of the scaffold, scaffold for the construction of underground structures that have become increasingly widely from the lower toward the upper. 最上段の前記足場を支持する支持部には補強部材が設けられ、最下段の前記足場を支持する支持部には補強部材が設けられていない請求項１に記載の地中構造物の構築用の足場構造。 The construction part for underground structure according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member is provided on a support part that supports the uppermost scaffold, and a reinforcing member is not provided on the support part that supports the lowermost scaffold . Scaffolding structure. 土留壁を下方に行くに従って掘削領域側に寄るように構築して前記掘削領域を掘削し、
前記掘削領域に地中構造物を構築するのに用いる足場を、前記土留壁に前記掘削領域の底部から離間した状態で支持されるように、複数段に設置し、前記足場の幅を、下段から上段にかけて次第に広くする地中構造物の構築用の足場の設置方法。 Excavating the excavation area by constructing the retaining wall so as to approach the excavation area side as going downward
A scaffold used for constructing an underground structure in the excavation area is installed in a plurality of stages so as to be supported on the earth retaining wall in a state of being separated from a bottom of the excavation area, and the width of the scaffold is set to a lower level. Scaffolding method for construction of underground structures that gradually widen from top to bottom .
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