JP6553855B2 - Building foundation structure and building foundation construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building foundation structure and a building foundation construction method, and more particularly to a building foundation structure to be built on soft ground and a construction method thereof.

  As typical types of building foundations, there are solid foundations that support the load of the entire building with the entire foundation slab, and fabric foundations that support the load from a series of columns and walls with continuous footing. In terms of ground strength, solid foundations are superior to cloth foundations, but when building is built on soft ground that cannot be handled with solid foundations, ground reinforcement is performed. For example, in the case where the soft layer is deep, pile reinforcement such as concrete pile or steel pipe pile is applied.

  The foundation of the building is also desired to have ant-proofing properties. The solid foundation is superior to the cloth foundation in terms of ant-proofing properties. In the case of a cloth foundation, it is because a joint is generated between the rising portion on the footing and the soil concrete.

  Furthermore, in order to improve heat insulation, a heat insulating material may be applied to the surface on the outdoor side of the rising portion of the base. When heat insulating material is applied to the entire outdoor surface of the rising part, even if the foundation type is used as the foundation, white ants will invade from the lower end side of the joint surface between the rising part and the heat insulating material, and the foundation on the rising part There is a risk of eating etc. Therefore, in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2014-66050 (patent document 1), the joining surface of an outer surface and a heat insulating material is made into the front side by the upper end of a heat insulating material on the outer surface of the rising part (rise base part) of a solid foundation. A basic structure in which a projecting portion is formed has been proposed. According to this structure, even if a white ant enters from the lower end side of the joint surface, it is guided to the front side of the rising foundation through the joint surface, so that the presence or absence of the ant road can be confirmed.

  In order to increase the rigidity of the foundation, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-303073 (Patent Document 2) proposes a technique in which a foundation slab of a solid foundation and an underground beam are integrally placed.

JP, 2014-66050, A JP 2007-303073 A

  Generally, when a building is built on a soft ground, a cloth foundation is often provided on a reinforcing pile. However, the usual fabric foundation structure has a problem that it is inferior to ant-proof property, as mentioned above.

  Then, even if it is a case where pile reinforcement is required with respect to the ground, this invention aims at providing the structure of the foundation of a building which has utility and ant-proof property, and its construction method.

  A foundation structure of a building according to an aspect of the present invention is a foundation structure for supporting a load of the building, and includes a cloth foundation structure, a plurality of reinforcing pile portions, and a slab portion. The fabric foundation structure has a base portion and a rising portion rising upward from the base portion. The plurality of pile parts are provided in the ground at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the rising part below the fabric foundation structure. The slab portion is integrally cast with the rising portion of the fabric foundation structure.

  Preferably, the base portion is provided in the ground.

  Preferably, it further includes a muscle member that communicates the rising portion of the fabric foundation structure with the slab portion.

  The base portion of the fabric foundation structure may be integrally cast with the rising portion and the slab portion.

  Preferably, a heat insulating material is provided on the outdoor side surface of the rising portion of the fabric foundation structure.

  The building foundation construction method according to another aspect of the present invention includes a step of inserting a plurality of reinforcing pile portions into the ground so as to follow a line of a wall constituting the building, and a base portion of a cloth foundation structure. A pair of first molds extending in the up-down direction along the direction of alignment of the piles, and separating the width in the width direction, and rising of the fabric foundation structure Part and the slab part are integrally formed, the outdoor formwork is in contact with the area at the position overlapped on the area formed by the first formwork, and the indoor formwork is A step of installing a pair of second molds extending in the vertical direction so as to float from the region, and a step of placing concrete in the first mold frame and the second mold frame. .

  According to the present invention, even when pile reinforcement is necessary for the ground, it is possible to combine practicality and ant-repellency.

It is sectional drawing of the foundation of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the foundation of the building concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a flowchart which shows the construction procedure of the foundation of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in the middle of construction of the foundation of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the formwork for solid foundation. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the general cloth foundation to which pile reinforcement was given. It is sectional drawing which shows the well-known solid foundation typically.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference characters and description thereof will not be repeated.

  In the present embodiment, a foundation for supporting the load of a building built on a soft ground will be described.

(About outline structure)
First, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a schematic structure of a foundation 1 of a building will be described. In addition, arrow A1 shown in FIG. 1 has shown the outdoor direction of a building, and the opposite direction represents the indoor direction of a building.

  The foundation 1 of the building is composed of a main foundation 2 and a plurality of reinforcing piles 3 that support the main foundation 2 from below. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of pile portions 3 are provided in the ground at intervals along the line L of the walls constituting the building. The line L indicates the positions of the outer periphery 1A of the building and the walls of the main partition 1B. The main base portion 2 includes a base portion 21, a rising portion 22 that rises upward from the base portion 21, and a slab portion 23 that is surrounded by the rising portion 22.

  Here, the general foundation structure in case the pile part 3 is arrange | positioned in this way in linear form is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 6, generally, a fabric foundation 400 including a base portion 421 and a rising portion 422 is constructed on the pile portion 3 along the alignment direction of the pile portions 3. The concrete between the soil (slab portion) 423 supporting the floor of the building is cast after the construction of the cloth foundation 400. In the case of such a general foundation structure, white ants may enter the building from the joint portion 424 between the rising portion 422 of the fabric foundation 400 and the soil concrete 423. Therefore, as described above, the general fabric foundation 400 is inferior in ant-proofing properties.

  On the other hand, the known solid foundation 500 as shown in FIG. 7 is excellent in ant-proofing property because the rising portion 522 and the slab portion 523 are integrally formed. However, since the solid foundation 500 is configured to support the load of the building with the entire planar slab part 523, when the solid foundation 500 is reinforced with the pile part 3, a pile part is also required under the slab part 523. Become. Therefore, the number of pile portions 3 is larger than in the case of reinforcing the cloth foundation 400, and the practicability is poor. In addition, the structure of the solid foundation 500 of FIG. 7 employs the heat insulation foundation structure proposed in the above-described Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-66050 (Patent Document 1, hereinafter referred to as “prior art”). It has heat insulation.

  On the other hand, the main foundation portion 2 of the present embodiment, like the fabric foundation 400, is configured to support the load of the building with the base portion 21 and the rising portion 22, and the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23. It is set as the structure cast integrally. Therefore, even if it does not increase the number of pile parts 3, ant-proof nature can be secured. Thus, in this Embodiment, since the base part 21 and the standup | rising part 22 have the structure similar to the general cloth foundation 400, these are also called the "fabric foundation structure 4."

  Below, the structural example of the foundation 1 of the building in this Embodiment and its construction method are demonstrated in detail.

(About structural example)
First, a structural example of the building foundation 1 will be described.

  As described above, the plurality of pile portions 3 are linearly provided along the line L of the building wall. The pile portion 3 is, for example, a steel pipe pile, but may be a wet concrete pile (properties improved body). The installation interval of the stake portion 3 may not be constant. The fabric foundation structure 4 of the main foundation portion 2 extends along the alignment direction of the pile portion 3, that is, along the line L of the wall, at an upper position of the pile portion 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cross-sectional shape of the fabric foundation structure 4 is substantially inverted T-shaped, and the width dimension D1 of the base portion 21 is larger than the width dimension D2 of the rising portion 22. The width direction of the cloth foundation structure 4 indicates a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (that is, the alignment direction of the pile portions 3) on the horizontal surface. Specifically, the width dimension D1 of the base portion 21 is about 400 mm, and the width dimension D2 of the rising portion 22 is about 170 mm. Further, the thickness (height dimension) of the base portion 21 is also desirably 150 mm or more, similarly to the base portion 421 of the general cloth foundation 400.

  The lower end of the base portion 21 may be provided with a protruding portion 21 a formed by a ring-shaped mold frame 30 disposed at the upper end portion of the pile portion 3. The protruding portion 21a is integrally formed with the main portion of the base portion 21. Gravel or crushed stone (hereinafter simply referred to as "gravel") 10 is laid around the formwork 30. The gravel 10 is spread over the entire lower surface of the base portion 21 except for the protruding portion 21a.

  In addition, when the pile part 3 is wet, for example, abandoned concrete is cast on the pile part 3, and the base part 21 is cast on it. In this case, the width of the pile portion 3 is wider than the width dimension D <b> 1 of the base portion 21.

  As with the general fabric foundation 400, it is desirable that the entire base portion 21 is provided below the ground line GL (that is, in the ground). In addition, it is desirable that the lower end portion of the rising portion 22 is disposed below the ground line GL.

  In the base portion 21, reinforcing bars 71 to 73, which are examples of muscle members, are mainly disposed. The reinforcing bars 71 are base main bars extending in the width direction. The reinforcing bars 72 and 73 extend in the longitudinal direction of the base portion 21 (the cloth foundation structure 4) and are engaged with the reinforcing bars 71. The reinforcing bars 72 are lower end bars located at the center in the width direction, and the reinforcing bars 73 are base auxiliary bars located at the end in the width direction.

  In the rising portion 22, reinforcing bars 74 to 76, which are an example of the streak members, are mainly disposed. The reinforcing bar 74 is a stirrup extending in the vertical direction. It is desirable that the reinforcing bars 74 communicate the base portion 21 with the rising portions 22 and are engaged with the reinforcing bars 71 which are main base bars. The reinforcing bars 75, 76 extend in the longitudinal direction of the rising portion 22 (the cloth foundation structure 4) and engage with the reinforcing bars 74. The reinforcing bars 75 are upper end bars located on the upper end side of the rising portion 22. The reinforcing bar 76 is an abdominal muscle located at the center in the vertical direction of the rising portion 22.

  In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 6 is provided on the outdoor side surface of the rising portion 22. That is, the foundation 1 also has a heat insulating property. In this case, it is desirable that a protrusion 22 a that protrudes to the outdoor side be formed at the upper end of the rising portion 22. By arranging the upper end surface of the heat insulating material 6 so as to contact the lower surface of the protruding portion 22a, even if the white ants enter the joint between the rising portion 22 and the heat insulating material 6 in the ground, Since it is guided to the outdoor side of the rising portion 22, the presence or absence of the ant road can be easily confirmed.

  For example, the protruding portion 22a is formed in a tapered shape so that its lower surface extends obliquely upward. Such a protruding portion 22a has a configuration proposed in the above-described prior art, and in FIG. 7 as well, a tapered protruding portion 522a is formed at the upper end portion of the rising portion 522 on the outdoor side. Note that the heat insulating material 6 itself may also be subjected to an ant-proofing treatment.

  As described above, the slab part 23 is molded seamlessly integrally with the rising part 22, but the pile part 3 does not exist below the slab part 23. The slab portion 23 is provided such that a portion thereof is located below the ground line GL.

  In the present embodiment, the horizontal end portion of the slab portion 23 is provided with a protruding portion 23a protruding downward, and the lower end surface of the protruding portion 23a and the lower end surface of the rising portion 22 are flush with each other. Formed in the shape of In this case, it is desirable that the lower end surface of the protruding portion 23 a of the slab portion 23 is joined to the indoor upper end surface 21 b of the base portion 21.

  Here, paying attention to the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23, these have the same structure as the known solid foundation 500 shown in FIG. Therefore, the rising portion 22 and the slab can be referred to as “solid foundation structure”. However, because the load of the building is supported by the cloth foundation structure 4, the gravel 10 is not required under the slab portion 23.

  It is desirable that reinforcing bars 77 and 78, which are an example of streak members, be disposed also in the slab portion 23. The reinforcing bar 77 is a slab bar extending in the longitudinal direction of the fabric foundation structure 4 in FIG. The reinforcing bars 78 are slab bars that engage with the reinforcing bars 77 and extend in the width direction of the cloth foundation structure 4 in FIG. 1. It is desirable that the reinforcing bar 78 communicates the slab part 23 and the rising part 22 and is engaged with the reinforcing bar 76 which is an abdominal muscle.

(About the construction method)
Next, the construction method of the foundation 1 of the building will be described with further reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the construction procedure of the foundation 1. FIG. 4: is sectional drawing which shows the state in the middle of construction of a foundation.

  With reference to FIG. 3, first, after the ground is dug down in accordance with the shape of the foundation 1, the reinforcing pile 3 is inserted into the ground (step P1). Specifically, a plurality of piles 3 are inserted into the ground along the line L of the wall constituting the building. Then, the ring-shaped formwork 30 is installed so that the upper end part of the pile part 3 may be enclosed, and the gravel 10 is spread | laid around the circumference | surroundings.

  Next, an operator installs the formwork 81 for the base part 21 in the upper position of the pile part 3 along the alignment direction of the pile part 3 (process P2). The mold 81 is a pair of first molds extending in the vertical direction. Specifically, the worker places the mold 81 on the gravel 10 with a width dimension D1 apart. That is, a region for the base portion 21 is formed by the pair of molds 81.

  When the formwork 81 is installed, all the reinforcing members, that is, the reinforcing bars 71 to 78 are disposed (process P3). In FIG. 4, illustration of the muscle member is omitted. Next, concrete is poured into the mold 81, and the base portion 21 is placed (process P4). Once the concrete has hardened, the formwork 81 may be removed.

  Thereafter, the worker installs a solid foundation formwork 82 at a position overlapping the base portion 21 (process P5). The mold 82 is a pair of second molds extending in the vertical direction.

  In the outer peripheral portion 1 </ b> A of the building, the outdoor-side formwork 82 a is placed on the base portion 21, and the indoor-side formwork 82 b is installed so as to float from the base portion 21. In this case, the indoor formwork 82b is supported by a known step separator plate 91 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the partition part 1B of the building, both the molds 82 are supported in a state of being floated from the base part 21 by a known soil separation plate (not shown). In the present embodiment, since the base portion 21 is molded first, the separator plate is installed on the upper surface of the base portion 21.

  Here, the formwork 82 is the same as the formwork for forming the known solid foundation 500 shown in FIG. The configuration of the formwork 82 will be described with reference to FIG. A hole 83 is formed on the side surface of the mold 82, and by inserting a pin (not shown) into the hole 83, the molds 82 adjacent in the longitudinal direction can be connected. A locking fitting 84 for locking the heat insulating material 6 is attached to the outdoor formwork 82a.

  The locking fitting 84 has a through hole 841 and is attached to the mold 82 a by inserting a pin inserted into the hole 83 of the mold 82 a into the through hole 841. Moreover, the latching metal 84 has a pressing part 842 that presses the upper end surface of the heat insulating material 6, and a bent part 843 that contacts the outdoor side surface of the mold 82 a and determines the attitude of the locking metal 84.

  When the mold 82 is installed, the heat insulating material 6 is arranged along the mold 82a on the outdoor side by this locking metal fitting 84 (process P6). In this state, when concrete is poured into the mold 82, the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23 are integrally driven in a state where the heat insulating material 6 is joined to the rising portion 22 of the outer peripheral portion 1A ( Process P7). FIG. 4 shows the state at this time. Thereafter, when the concrete hardens, the mold 82 is removed (process P8). At this time, portions other than the pressing portion 842 of the locking metal fitting 84 are also removed.

  With the above procedure, the building foundation 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is completed. In addition, the surface of the heat insulating material 6 and the protruding portion 22a of the rising portion 22 on the outdoor side may be finished with a basic exterior plate (not shown) or a mortar having a thickness of about 2 mm.

  Further, in the present embodiment, all the reinforcing members (reinforcing bars 71 to 78) are arranged before the step P4 for placing the base portion 21, but are arranged in the slab portion 23. The reinforcing bars 77 and 78 may be disposed after the process P4. That is, in the process P4, only rebars 71 to 76 assembled in a T shape in FIG. 1 may be disposed. Or in such a case, you may interchange the order of process P4 which arrange | positions the reinforcing bars 71-76, and process P2 which installs the mold 81 for the base part 21. FIG.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the mold 82 of the known solid foundation 500 is used for molding the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23, and therefore, a common mold 82 regardless of the presence or absence of the pile portion 3. Can be used.

  In addition, since the foundation 1 is configured to support the load of the building with the base portion 21 and the rising portion 22 as the fabric foundation structure 4, not only the number of the pile portions 3 can be suppressed, but also the structural calculation of the foundation of the building. In addition, a relatively simple calculation method based on a cloth foundation can be used.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the structure of the foundation 1 having high practicability and termiticidal properties, and the construction method thereof.

  In the present embodiment, after the base portion 21 is molded, the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23 are integrally driven. However, the base portion 21 also includes the rising portion 22 and the slab portion 23. It may be cast integrally with the In this case, the solid foundation mold 82 and the separator plate may be installed at a position overlapping the region formed by the mold 82 in a state where the mold 82 and the separator plate are lifted by, for example, a spacer.

  In the present embodiment, the base portion 21 is positioned below the ground line GL. However, at least a part of the base portion 21 may be positioned above the ground line GL.

  In consideration of the strength of the foundation 1, as described above, the reinforcing bars 74 extending in the vertical direction in the rising portion 22 are preferably communicated with the base portion 21, but are not limited, and the base portion 21 is communicated. You do not have to.

  Moreover, the foundation 1 may not have heat insulation. In this case, the protruding portion 22 a may not be provided on the outdoor side surface of the rising portion 22.

  It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the above description but by the claims, and is intended to include all the modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

  1 foundation, 1A outer peripheral part, 1B partition part, 2 main foundation part, 3 pile part, 4 cloth foundation structure, 6 heat insulating material, 10 gravel, 21,421 base part, 21a, 22a, 23a, 522a protrusion part, 22 , 422, 522 Rising part, 23, 523 Slab part, 30, 81, 82, 82a, 82b Formwork, 71-78 Reinforcement (muscle member), 83 holes, 84 Locking bracket, 91-stage separator plate, 400 Fabric foundation , 423 Concrete, 424 joints, 500 solid foundations, 841 through holes, 842 retainers, 843 bends.

Claims (5)

A basic structure for supporting the building load,
A fabric foundation structure having a base portion and a rising portion rising upward from the base portion;
Below the cloth foundation structure, a plurality of reinforcing piles provided in the ground at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the rising portion;
And a slab portion integrally and seamlessly installed with the rising portion of the fabric foundation structure,
A horizontally extending first muscle member is disposed inside the base portion, and an inside of the rising portion engages with the first muscle member and extends vertically The muscle members are arranged,
The end surface on the base portion is in contact with the lower end face in the horizontal direction ends of the lower end surface and the slab portion of the rising portion, building foundation structure.   The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the base portion is provided in the ground.   The building foundation structure according to claim 1, further comprising a muscle member that communicates the rising portion of the cloth foundation structure with the slab portion. The foundation structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a heat insulating material is provided on the surface on the outdoor side of the rising portion of the cloth foundation structure. Inserting a plurality of reinforcing piles into the ground along the lines of the walls constituting the building;
In order to mold the base portion of the fabric foundation structure, a pair of first molds extending in the vertical direction are installed at positions above the pile portion along the alignment direction of the pile portion, separated in the width direction. Process,
A first muscle member disposed to extend horizontally in the base portion, and engaged with the first muscle member to extend vertically in the rising portion of the fabric foundation structure Disposing a plurality of muscle members, including a second muscle member disposed;
Placing concrete in the first formwork and molding the base portion;
A rising portion of the fabric substructure, and the slab portion integrally molded seamlessly, and the lower end face in the horizontal direction ends of the lower end surface and the slab portion of the end surface on the base portion the rising portion and In order to be in contact with the base , the mold on the outdoor side is in contact with the base at a position overlapping the base , and the mold on the indoor side is in a floating state from the base. Installing a pair of second molds extending in the vertical direction ;
Before SL and Da設concrete into the second mold frame, wherein and a rising portion and the step of molding the slab section seamlessly integrally, the construction method of the foundation of the building.

Images