JP6165872B2 - 単糖類の製造方法 - Google Patents
単糖類の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6165872B2 JP6165872B2 JP2015538345A JP2015538345A JP6165872B2 JP 6165872 B2 JP6165872 B2 JP 6165872B2 JP 2015538345 A JP2015538345 A JP 2015538345A JP 2015538345 A JP2015538345 A JP 2015538345A JP 6165872 B2 JP6165872 B2 JP 6165872B2
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- C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/18—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins
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Description
a)単糖を合成するための酵素活性、すなわちi)単糖を活性糖ヌクレオチドから受容体基質へと特異的に転移させ、単糖−受容体基質を形成することができるグリコシルトランスフェラーゼ活性およびii)単糖を受容体基質から放出させることのできるグリコシダーゼ活性を有するが、該単糖を代謝することのできない微生物を用意するステップ、
b)微生物の増殖に適した培地中で微生物を培養することによって単糖を遊離形態で製造するステップ、ならびに
c)培地から遊離の単糖を回収するステップ、を含む方法によって達成される。
a)微生物の増殖に適した培地中に組換え宿主微生物を用意するステップであって、該組換え宿主微生物が、a)該微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする核酸配列および/またはb)該微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシダーゼをコードする核酸配列を含むように形質転換されているが、製造される単糖を代謝することができない微生物であることを特徴とするするステップ、
b)二糖、好ましくはラクトースまたはラクツロースである受容体基質を、宿主微生物を培養する培地に添加するステップ、
c)組換え宿主微生物を前記培地中で培養することによって単糖を遊離形態で製造するステップ、ならびに
d)培地から遊離の単糖を回収するステップ、を含む。
レーン1(図3A、図3B共に):標準物質(S:L−フコース(Glycom、デンマーク国)、ラクツロース(シグマ、ドイツ国))との比較から、E.coli BL21(DE3)lacZ Gal+ araA ΔwcaJ ΔfucI ΔfucK::(Ptet−lacY)(cscBKAR)(Ptet−wgbLco−neo)(Ptet−manCB−PT5−gmd,wcaG−dhfr)(Ptet−afcAco−tet)の上清中にL−フコースが存在することが、TCLによって確認された。
Claims (25)
- 微生物を利用して遊離形態の単糖を製造する方法であって、
a)単糖を合成するための酵素活性、すなわちi)単糖を活性糖ヌクレオチドから受容体基質へと特異的に転移させ、単糖−受容体基質を形成することができるグリコシルトランスフェラーゼ活性およびii)単糖を受容体基質から放出させることのできるグリコシダーゼ活性を有するために形質転換されているが、該単糖を代謝することのできない組換え微生物を用意するステップ、
ここで、前記グリコシダーゼ活性が該組換え微生物に天然に存在しない核酸によってコードされるものである、
b)組換え微生物の増殖に適した培地中で該組換え微生物を培養することによって単糖を遊離形態で製造するステップ、ならびに
c)培地から遊離の単糖を回収するステップ
を含む方法。 - 組換え微生物が、該微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする核酸配列を含むようにさらに形質転換されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 受容体基質が前記微生物に内在するか、または微生物を培養している培地に添加される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 受容体基質が、二糖、単糖、多糖、グリコシル化タンパク質またはリポ多糖から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 微生物を、グリセロール、スクロース、糖蜜、キシロース、セルロース、合成ガスから選択される炭素源を含む培地で培養する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- バッチ式または連続式である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 培養微生物の上清から単糖を回収し、上清が、培養宿主微生物を遠心して上清と微生物ペレットとに分離することにより得られる、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ステップc)において単糖を回収する前に、宿主微生物を培養している培地へのβ−ガラクトシダーゼの添加および/またはβ−ガラクトシダーゼの微生物内産生誘導を行う、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 上清から単糖を回収する前に、上清をβ−ガラクトシダーゼで処理した後、培養宿主微生物に接触させる、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 製造される単糖がL−フコースまたはノイラミン酸から選択される、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- a)微生物の増殖に適した培地中に組換え宿主微生物を用意するステップであって、該組換え宿主微生物が、a)該微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする核酸配列および/またはb)該微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシダーゼをコードする核酸配列を含むように形質転換されているが、製造される単糖を代謝することができない微生物であることを特徴とするステップ、
b)二糖である受容体基質を宿主微生物を培養する培地に添加するステップ、
c)組換え宿主微生物を前記培地中で培養することによって単糖を遊離形態で製造するステップ、ならびに
d)培地から遊離の単糖を回収するステップ、
を含む請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 単一の炭素源で増殖可能であり、かつa)宿主微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシルトランスフェラーゼポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列とb)前記微生物に天然に存在しないグリコシダーゼポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列とを含むように形質転換された組換え宿主微生物。
- L−フコースイソメラーゼ、L−フクロースキナーゼおよびUDP−グルコース(ウンデカプレニルリン酸グルコース)−1−リン酸トランスフェラーゼをコードする遺伝子を欠損するようにさらに形質転換されている、請求項12に記載の組換え宿主微生物。
- 組換え宿主微生物であって、自体がスクロースまたはグリセロールを用いて増殖できる宿主微生物となるための遺伝子を含むようにさらに形質転換されている、請求項12または13に記載の組換え宿主微生物。
- 微生物が細菌および酵母から選択される、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 宿主微生物がEscherichia coli菌株またはSaccharomyces sp.菌株である、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- グリコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする核酸が細菌性のフコシルトランスフェラーゼの核酸である、請求項1〜11、15および16のいずれかに記載の方法。
- グリコシダーゼポリペプチドをコードする核酸が細菌性の1,2−α−L−フコシダーゼの核酸である、請求項1〜11および15〜17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 組換えEscherichia coli菌株を組換え宿主微生物として利用する方法であって、組換えEscherichia coli菌株内で、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、L−フコースイソメラーゼ、L−フクロースキナーゼおよびUDP−グルコース(ウンデカプレニルリン酸グルコース)−1−リン酸トランスフェラーゼをコードする遺伝子が欠損しているかまたは非調節状態にあること、ならびに組換えEscherichia coli菌株が、a)Escherichia coli菌株がスクロースを唯一の炭素源として増殖することを可能にするための遺伝子、すなわちスクロース透過酵素、フルクトキナーゼ、スクロース加水分解酵素および転写抑制因子をそれぞれコードする遺伝子、b)2−フコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする遺伝子、およびc)1,2−α−フコシダーゼをコードする遺伝子、を含むように形質転換されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11および15〜18のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 単糖を合成するための酵素活性、すなわちi)単糖を活性糖ヌクレオチド基質から受容体へと特異的に転移させ、単糖−受容体基質を形成することができるグリコシルトランスフェラーゼ活性およびii)単糖を受容体から放出させることのできるグリコシダーゼ活性を有するが、該単糖を代謝することのできない微生物、または請求項12〜14のいずれかに記載の組換え宿主微生物の、単糖、特にL−フコースまたはノイラミン酸の製造における使用。
- ステップ(b)において、受容体基質の添加としてラクトースまたはラクツロースを宿主微生物を培養する培地に添加することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 微生物が細菌および酵母から選択される、請求項12〜14のいずれかに記載の組換え宿主微生物。
- 宿主微生物がEscherichia coli菌株またはSaccharomyces sp.菌株である、請求項12〜14のいずれかに記載の組換え宿主微生物。
- グリコシルトランスフェラーゼをコードする核酸が細菌性のフコシルトランスフェラーゼの核酸である、請求項12〜14、22および23のいずれかに記載の組換え宿主微生物。
- グリコシダーゼポリペプチドをコードする核酸が細菌性の1,2−α−L−フコシダーゼの核酸である、請求項12〜14および22〜24のいずれかに記載の組換え宿主微生物。
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