JP6127063B2 - 中枢神経系の続発性浮腫の治療のためのc1インヒビターの使用 - Google Patents
中枢神経系の続発性浮腫の治療のためのc1インヒビターの使用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
る。あるいは、いくつかの実施態様において、C1−INHは、当技術分野において公知の技術を使用して、天然組織供給源から集められ濃縮され得る。C1インヒビターを含む市販品は、例えば、血漿由来Cinryze(登録商標)(Viropharma)、組換えRuconest(登録商標)又はRhucin(登録商標)(両方ともPharming)、及び血漿由来Berinert(登録商標)(CSL Behring)である。Berinert(登録商標)は、遺伝性血管浮腫及び先天性欠損症の治療に適応される。組換えC1−INHは公知の方法によって製造することができる。
は他の特徴(例えば、特定の場所において又は広範囲の領域にわたって生じる)に基づいて分類され得、多数の身体的、認知的、社会的、情動的、及び行動的影響を引き起こし得、転帰は、全快から永久的な障害又は死に及び得る。外傷性脳損傷は、機械的外力、例えば、急な加速若しくは減速、衝撃、爆風、又は弾丸による貫通に起因する脳への損傷と定義される。脳機能は一時的にあるいは永久に害され、構造損傷は現在の技術で検出可能である場合及び検出可能でない場合がある。
、当技術分野において公知である。例えば、C1−INHの粉末又は凍結乾燥形態(例えば、フリーズドライによって)が提供され、水性製薬が望まれる場合、粉末は、薬学的製剤の水性成分と混合することによって溶解され、ボルテックス又は緩やかな撹拌などの適切な技術を使用して撹拌され得る。他の実施態様において、C1−INHは凍結乾燥形態で提供され、投与前に水性薬学的成分(例えば、追加の活性成分又は不活性成分、例えば、充填剤、安定剤、溶媒、若しくは担体)と混ぜ合わされる。
Montvale, NJ, 2004; Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th ed., Gennado et al., Eds. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia, PA, 2000を参照のこと)。適切な薬学的添加剤としては、例えば、マンニトール、デンプン、グルコース、ラクトース、スクロース、ゼラチン、麦芽、米、小麦粉、チョーク、シリカゲル、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、グリセロールモノステアレート、タルク、塩化ナトリウム、乾燥スキムミルク、グリセロール、プロピレン、グリコール、水、エタノールなどが挙げられる。ある実施態様において、薬学的組成物はまた、pH緩衝試薬及び湿潤剤又は乳化剤を含有してもよい。さらなる実施態様において、組成物は保存剤又は安定剤を含有してもよい。
1. MCAO後24時間以内の死。
2. クモ膜下出血(SAH)(MRIによって又は脳サンプリングの間に肉眼によって評価した通り)
3. Bedersonスコア=0(tMCAOの24時間後、マウスのみ)
中断率は群間で均等に分布していた。
脳浮腫面積(%)=[(AL+AI+AC)×100/(AC×2)]−100、
式中、ALはTTC陰性(虚血)脳組織の総面積を示し、AIは同側(脳卒中)半球の生存組織の総面積を示し、ACは対側(健康)半球の総面積を示す。
Germany)を使用して6個の2−mm厚の冠状切片に切断した。切片をPBS中の2% TTC(Merck Eurolab GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany)で37℃にて15分間染色し、梗塞を視覚化した(Bederson JB, Pitts LH, Germano SM, Nishimura MC, Davis RL, Bartkowski HM. Evaluation of 2,3,5−triphenyltetrazolium chloride as a stain for detection and quantification of experimental cerebral infarction in rats. Stroke. 1986;176:1304−1308)。
AbD Serotec, Germany)及び1:100の希釈でラット抗マウスCD11b(ミクログリア/マクロファージ;MCA711, AbD Serotec, Germany)を4℃で一晩添加した。その後、スライドを、1% BSAを含有するPBS中に1:100希釈されたビオチン化抗ラットIgG(BA−4001, Vector Laboratories, USA)と共に室温で45分間インキュベートした。内因性ペルオキシダーゼ活性を阻害するためのアビジン/ビオチンブロッキング溶液(Avidin/Biotin Blocking Kit, Sp−2001, Vector Laboratories, Inc., California, USA)での処理に続いて、製造業者の説明書に従って、二次抗体をビオチン化ペルオキシダーゼ(POD)へストレプトアビジンを介して連結させた(Vectorstain ABC Kit, Peroxidase Standard PK−4000, Vector Laboratories, Inc., California, USA)。色原体3,3'−ジアミノベンジジン(DAB)(Kem−En−Tec Diagnostics, Denmark)を使用してPODによって、抗原を視覚化した。免疫細胞の定量化のために、C1−INH処置マウス及び対照由来の基底核(ブレグマから0.5 mm前方)のレベルでの同一の脳切片(厚み10μm)を選択し、Nikon顕微鏡Eclipse 50i(Nikon, Germany)下で4つの異なる動物由来の5つの連続する切片(距離10μm)から、細胞カウントを行った(Austinat et al., 2009)。
25%百分位数及び75%百分位数を本文中の括弧内に提供して、中央値を含む散布図として表した機能転帰順序尺度を除いて、全ての結果を平均値±標準偏差(s.d.)として表した。梗塞体積に対する標準化効果サイズ≧0.15を検出するための実験数を、以下の仮定で事前の検定力分析によって計算した:α=0.05,β=0.2,平均値,標準偏差 平均値の10%。統計分析のために、GraphPad Prism 5.0ソフトウェアパッケージ(La Jolla, CA, USA)を使用した。データをD'Agostino及びPearsonのオムニバス正規性検定でガウス分布について試験し、次いで、1−way ANOVA又は同時に2つの因子の効果を測定する場合は2−way ANOVAによって分析し、p値については事後(post hoc)Bonferroni調整した。ノンパラメトリック機能転帰スコアを、Kruskal−Wallis検定及び事後Dunn多重比較検定によって比較した。生存曲線の比較のために、ログランク検定を使用した。ラットデータを独立両側Studentのt検定(脳卒中サイズ、脳浮腫)又はノンパラメトリックMann Whitney検定(機能スコア)によって比較した。p値<0.05を統計的に有意と見なした。
虚血性脳卒中後の長期間にわたるC1−INH処置マウス及び対照の機能転帰及び死亡率を測定した(図1a、b)。60分間のtMCAO後の7日間で、対照マウス10匹のうちの9匹(90%)が死に、これは以前の報告と一致している(Kleinschnitz et al., PLoS Biol 2010)。対照的に、7.5 U C1−INHで処置されたマウス10匹のうちの7匹(70%)及びより高い用量の15.0 U C1−INHで処置されたマウス10匹のうちの9匹(90%)が第7日まで生存した(それぞれ、p<0.05又はp<0.01)(図1a)。これらの知見と一致して、15.0 U C1−INH受容マウスは、梗塞発症のより進行した段階でも、即ち、tMCAO後の第5日においても、対照よりも有意によりよいBedersonスコアを示した(Bedersonスコア:それぞれ、中央値 2.0 [2.0, 3.0] [対照] vs. 0.0 [0.0, 1.0] [15.0 U];p<0.01)(図1b)。
Claims (17)
- 対象における中枢神経系(CNS)の続発性浮腫の形成を予防する及び/又はサイズを減少させる方法における使用のためのC1インヒビターを含む医薬組成物であって、対象が、脳卒中、虚血性脳卒中、出血性脳卒中、周産期脳卒中、外傷性脳損傷、及び脊髄損傷からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの障害を有する又は有していた、上記医薬組成物。
- 前記CNSの続発性浮腫が、続発性脳浮腫又は続発性脊髄浮腫である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記続発性浮腫が実質的に血管原性浮腫である、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記続発性浮腫が、請求項1に記載の少なくとも1つの障害の原因となる最初の発作の1〜10日後に生じる、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 最初の損傷が血管閉塞又は脳内での出血である、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記対象がヒトである、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターが血漿由来又は組換えC1インヒビターである、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターが天然のヒトタンパク質又はその変異体と同一である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターがヒトC1エステラーゼインヒビターである、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 続発性浮腫のサイズを、未治療の続発性脳浮腫のサイズと比較して少なくとも10%減少させる、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを静脈内又は皮下投与する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを、体重1kg当たり1〜1000単位の用量で投与する、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを、(i)注射若しくは注入として単回投与で、又は(ii)各々注射若しくは注入として、複数回投与で、又は(iii)長期注入若しくは適用として投与する、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを、最初の発作の遅くとも10日後に、投与する、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを、最初の発作に続く再灌流の開始の遅くとも10日後に、投与する、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記インヒビターを2回、1回目は最初の発作後かつ再灌流の開始前に、2回目は最初の発作に続く再灌流の開始後に投与する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 対象における血液脳関門又は血液脊髄関門の透過性の増加を予防する又は減少させる方法における使用のためのC1インヒビターを含む医薬組成物であって、この透過性の増加が、脳卒中、虚血性脳卒中、出血性脳卒中、周産期脳卒中、外傷性脳損傷、脊髄損傷、糖尿病、多発性硬化症、CNSの細菌感染症、脳に感染するウイルス感染症及び脳腫瘍からなる群より選択される障害と関連する、上記医薬組成物。
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EP2914291B1 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2022-02-23 | Bioverativ USA Inc. | Anti-complement c1s antibodies and uses thereof |
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US20160130324A1 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-12 | Shire Human Genetic Therapies, Inc. | C1 Inhibitor Fusion Proteins and Uses Thereof |
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DE4222534A1 (de) | 1992-07-09 | 1994-01-13 | Behringwerke Ag | Verwendung von Komplement-Inhibitoren zur Herstellung eines Arzneimittels zur Prophylaxe und Therapie von entzündlichen Darm- und Hauterkrankungen sowie Purpura |
DE4244735A1 (de) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-31 | Behringwerke Ag | Verwendung von C1-Inaktivator zur Bekämpfung von Komplikationen bei der Anwendung von Zytokinen, endogenen Mediatoren, gentechnisch produzierten Mediator-Hybriden oder Wachstumsfaktoren im Rahmen der therapeutischen Anwendung dieser Substanzen |
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AU6083899A (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2001-04-17 | Aventis Behring Gmbh | Combination of c1-inh and lung surfactant for the treatment of respiratory disorders |
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