JP6079770B2 - リチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6079770B2 JP6079770B2 JP2014502267A JP2014502267A JP6079770B2 JP 6079770 B2 JP6079770 B2 JP 6079770B2 JP 2014502267 A JP2014502267 A JP 2014502267A JP 2014502267 A JP2014502267 A JP 2014502267A JP 6079770 B2 JP6079770 B2 JP 6079770B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fluorine
- secondary battery
- volume
- formula
- alkyl group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 79
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 73
- -1 cyclic ether compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 164
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 131
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 32
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PQNNUQKDERZMPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(C(F)(F)F)OCCO1 PQNNUQKDERZMPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013275 LiMPO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006527 (C1-C5) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 39
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 35
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 13
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 11
- JLEXUIVKURIPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OCC(N)(CO)CO JLEXUIVKURIPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical class CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- JOROOXPAFHWVRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JOROOXPAFHWVRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DOESGSGKEZIPFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)COC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F DOESGSGKEZIPFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)COC(F)(F)C(F)F HCBRSIIGBBDDCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RPSFZSRVLPIAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RPSFZSRVLPIAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNBGTBKGFZMWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluoro-5-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)pentane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)F ZNBGTBKGFZMWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFUYAWQUODQGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane Chemical compound CCOC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F DFUYAWQUODQGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SKIIHLUNHCIQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1OCCO1 SKIIHLUNHCIQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXJIDOLTOGSNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-n-(4-nitrophenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O TXJIDOLTOGSNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCOCC KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTZYOEZOPLDMKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)F WTZYOEZOPLDMKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRWBDEIUJSDQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluoro-6-methoxyhexane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BRWBDEIUJSDQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPBXYQMWDFSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-undecafluoro-5-methoxypentane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F FBPBXYQMWDFSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUTPKDUMZWIJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CUTPKDUMZWIJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMRGTZDDPWGCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)F LMRGTZDDPWGCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWIZRYZDKMGMNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluoro-1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)butane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)F AWIZRYZDKMGMNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFRGATWKSPNXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxybutane Chemical compound CCC(OC)COC VFRGATWKSPNXLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CAWRUEZRLRNISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(OC)C(F)(F)F CAWRUEZRLRNISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPXDTULTYTZDQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(=O)(OC)OCC(F)(F)F QPXDTULTYTZDQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003214 poly(methacrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ASAXRKSDVDALDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F ASAXRKSDVDALDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQJLSMYQBOJUGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F UQJLSMYQBOJUGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(4-bromoanilino)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCC1NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZDCRNXMZSKCKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBDQLHBVNXARAU-ZCFIWIBFSA-N tetrahydro-2-methyl-2H-pyran Natural products C[C@@H]1CCCCO1 YBDQLHBVNXARAU-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000725 trifluoropropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium;azanide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[NH2-] BHZCMUVGYXEBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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Description
リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な正極と、リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な負極と、電解液とを含むリチウム二次電池であって、
前記電解液は、
下記式(1):
本発明の二次電池に用いる電解液は、上記式(1)で表されるフッ素含有環状エーテル化合物と、さらに、フッ素含有鎖状エーテル化合物またはフッ素含有リン酸エステル化合物から選ばれる少なくとも一種とを含む。
[式(2)中、R21およびR22は、それぞれ独立に、無置換アルキル基またはフッ素置換アルキル基であり、R21およびR22のうち、少なくとも一方がフッ素置換アルキル基である。]
[式(3−1)中、Raは、それぞれ独立に、炭素数1〜4のフッ素置換アルキル基を示す。]
式(3−1)中、3つのRaは同じフッ素置換アルキル基であることが好ましく、Raは炭素数が1〜3であることがより好ましい。さらに、Raは、各炭素原子にフッ素原子が少なくとも一つ結合していることが好ましい。
本実施形態によるリチウム二次電池は、高エネルギー密度を得る観点から、リチウム金属に対して4.5V以上の正極を含むことが好ましい。このような正極に用いられる正極活物質としては、スピネル系材料、オリビン系材料、層状系材料等が挙げられる。
Lia(MxMn2−x−yYy)(O4−wZw) (4)
[式(4)中、xは、0≦x≦1.2、好ましくは0.4<x<1.1であり、yは、0≦y、好ましくは0≦y<0.5であり、かつ、x+y<2、0≦a≦1.2、0≦w≦1である。Mは、Co、Ni、Fe、Cr、またはCuから選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、Yは、Li、B、Na、Al、Mg、Ti、Si、K、またはCaから選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、Zは、FまたはClのうち少なくとも一方を含む。]
で表される材料が好ましい。また、LiMn2O4や、Mnの一部が置換され寿命が高く、リチウムに対して4V付近で動作することができる下記式(4−1)で表される化合物も、正極材料として用いることができる。
(0<x<0.3、Mは、Li、Al、B、Mg、Si、および遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも一種を含む。)
LiMPO4 (5)
[式(5)中、Mは、遷移金属であり、Fe、Mn、Co、またはNiから選択されるいずれか一種以上を含むことが好ましく、CoまたはNiのいずれか一方であることがより好ましい。]で表され、例えば、LiFePO4、LiMnPO4、LiCoPO4、LiNiPO4などが挙げられる。また、これらの材料において、遷移金属の一部を別の元素で置換したり、酸素部分をフッ素で置き換えられたりしたものを使用してもよい。高エネルギー密度の観点から、上記式(5)において、Mに少なくともCo、Niのうちの少なくとも一種を含むと、リチウムに対して4.5V以上の高電位で動作するため好ましい。
Li(LixM1−x−zMnz)O2 (6)
[式(6)中、0≦x<0.3、0.3≦z≦0.7であり、MはCo、Ni、またはFeから選ばれる少なくとも一種である。]
で表される化合物を挙げることができる。これらのうち、上記式(6)で表される化合物は、リチウムに対して4.5V以上の高電位で充電することで高容量が得られるため特に好ましい。
負極は、負極活物質として、リチウムを吸蔵及び放出し得る材料を含むものであれば特に限定されない。
正極と負極との間に設けられるセパレータとしては、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン、ポリイミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデン等のフッ素樹脂等からなる多孔質ポリマー膜や織布、不織布、あるいはイオン伝導性ポリマー電解質膜が挙げられる。これらは単独または組み合わせで使用することができる。
電池の形状としては、例えば、円筒形、角形、コイン型、ボタン型、ラミネート型が挙げられる。
本実施形態によるラミネート型のリチウム二次電池の断面図の一例を図1に示す。図1に示すように、本実施形態によるリチウム二次電池は、アルミニウム箔等の金属からなる正極集電体3と、その上に設けられた正極活物質を含有する正極活物質層1とからなる正極、及び銅箔等の金属からなる負極集電体4と、その上に設けられた負極活物質を含有する負極活物質層2とからなる負極を有する。正極および負極は、正極活物質層1と負極活物質層2とが対向するように、不織布やポリプロピレン微多孔膜などからなるセパレータ5を介して積層されている。この電極対は、アルミニウムラミネートフィルム等の外装体6、7で形成された容器内に収容されている。正極集電体3には正極タブ9が接続けられ、負極集電体4には負極タブ8が接続され、これらのタブは容器の外に引き出されている。容器内には電解液が注入され封止される。複数の電極対が積層された電極群が容器内に収容された構造とすることもできる。
F−DOL1:2,2−ビストリフルオロメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン
F−DOL2:2−トリフルオロメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン
FE1:1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチル−2,2,3,3−テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル
FE2:1H,1H,2’H,3H−デカフルオロジプロピルエーテル
FE3:1H,1H,2’H−パーフルオロジプロピルエーテル
FP1:リン酸トリス(2,2,2−トリフルオロエチル)
FP2:リン酸トリス(1H,1H−ヘプタフルオロブチル)
EC:エチレンカーボネート
DMC:ジメチルカーボネート
PC:プロピレンカーボネート
DOL:1,3−ジオキソラン
正極活物質としてのLiNi0.5Mn1.5O4(90質量部)と、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデン(5質量部)と、導電剤としてのカーボンブラック(5質量部)と、を混合して正極合剤を調製した。この正極合剤をN−メチル−2−ピロリドンに分散させることにより、正極用スラリーを調製した。この正極用スラリーを厚さ20μmのアルミニウム製集電体の片面に、均一に塗布した。単位面積当たりの初回充電容量が2.5mAh/cm2となるように塗布膜の厚さを調整した。乾燥させた後、ロールプレスで圧縮成形して正極を得た。
リチウム二次電池の作製後、充放電前に体積(初期の体積)を測定した。体積の測定はアルキメデス法によって行った。このリチウム二次電池を、20mAで充電し、上限電圧が4.8Vに達した後は、全充電時間が2.5時間になるまで定電圧で充電した。その後、20mAで下限電圧3Vになるまで定電流で放電した。この充放電を50回繰り返した。この充放電は45℃の恒温槽内で実施した。50サイクルの充放電を行った時点で、リチウム二次電池の体積を充放電前の測定と同じ方法で測定した。
また、容量維持率を下記の式に従って算出した。容量維持率(%)=100×(50サイクル目の放電容量)/(1サイクル目の放電容量)
フッ素含有環状エーテル化合物として、F−DOL1に代えて、2−トリフルオロメチル−1,3−ジオキソラン(以下「F−DOL2」という)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、その体積と容量維持率の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
電解液溶媒にECとジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を4/6の体積比(EC/DMC)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/DMC/F−DOL1=4/3/3)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/F−DOL1=4/6)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/FP1=6/4)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、1,3−ジオキソラン(以下「DOL」という)を使用した体積比(EC/FP1/DOL=4/4/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/FP1/F−DOL1=2/6/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/FP1/F−DOL1=1/7/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、フッ素化リン酸エステルとしてリン酸トリス(1H,1H−ヘプタフルオロブチル)(以下「FP2」という)を使用して、体積比(EC/FP2/F−DOL1=1/7/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、フッ素化エーテルとして、1,1,2,2−テトラフルオロエチル−2,2,3,3−テトラフルオロプロピルエーテル(以下「FE1」という)を使用して、体積比(EC/PC/FE1/F−DOL1=1/2/5/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、フッ素化エーテルとして、1H,1H,2’H,3H−デカフルオロジプロピルエーテル(以下「FE2」という)を使用して、体積比(EC/PC/FE2/F−DOL1=1/2/5/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/FE1/FP1/F−DOL1=2/3/3/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、体積比(EC/FE2/FP1/F−DOL1=2/3/3/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、フッ素化エーテルとして、1H,1H,2’H−パーフルオロジプロピルエーテル(以下「FE3」という)を使用して、体積比(EC/FE3/FP1/F−DOL1=2/3/3/2)の混合溶媒を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
正極活物質として、LiNi0.5Mn1.35Ti0.15O4を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
正極活物質として、LiNi0.5Mn1.47Mg0.03O4を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
正極活物質として、LiNi0.5Mn1.45Al0.05O3.95F0.05を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
正極活物質として、LiNi0.4Fe0.2Mn1.4O4を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を5.0Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
正極活物質として、LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn1.3O4を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を5.0Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
実施例11から15で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、混合溶媒にEC/DMC=4/6を用いた以外は、それぞれ実施例11から15と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。これらを、それぞれ比較例6から10とした。結果を表2に示す。
負極活物質としてLi4Ti5O12を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を3.4V、放電電圧(下限電圧)を2.5Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
負極活物質としてハードカーボンを用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
負極活物質としてSiOを用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
実施例16から18で用いた電解液の混合溶媒に代えて、混合溶媒にEC/DMC=4/6を用いた以外は、それぞれ実施例16から18と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。これらを、それぞれ比較例11から13とした。結果を表3に示す。
正極活物質として、Li(Li0.15Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.55)O2を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を4.6Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
正極活物質として、LiCoPO4を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を5.0Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
実施例19と20で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、混合溶媒にEC/DMC=4/6を用いた以外は、それぞれ実施例19と20と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。これらを、それぞれ比較例14から15とした。結果を表4に示す。
正極活物質として、Li(Mn1.9Al0.1)O4を用い、充電電圧(上限電圧)を4.2Vにした以外は、実施例3と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
実施例21で用いた混合溶媒に代えて、混合溶媒にEC/DMC=4/6を用いた以外は、実施例21と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製し、同様の評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
2 負極活物質層
3 正極集電体
4 負極集電体
5 セパレータ
6 ラミネート外装体
7 ラミネート外装体
8 負極タブ
9 正極タブ
Claims (13)
- 前記正極が、電池の充放電動作時において、リチウム金属に対して4.5V以上の電位でリチウムイオンの吸蔵または放出を伴う正極活物質を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池。
- 前記式(1)において、R1からR6は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、フッ素原子、炭素数3以下のアルキル基、または水素原子の一部もしくは全部がフッ素で置換された炭素数3以下のアルキル基であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記式(1)で表されるフッ素含有環状エーテル化合物が、電解液溶媒中に1体積%以上50体積%以下の範囲で含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記電解液が、さらにフッ素含有鎖状エーテル化合物を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記フッ素含有鎖状エーテル化合物が、下記式(2):
R21―O―R22 (2)
(式(2)中、R21およびR22は、それぞれ独立に、無置換アルキル基またはフッ素置換アルキル基であり、R21およびR22のうち、少なくとも一方がフッ素置換アルキル基であり、R21とR22の炭素数の総和が4以上10以下である。)
で表されることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の二次電池。 - 前記フッ素含有リン酸エステル化合物が、電解液溶媒中に、5体積%以上95体積%以下の範囲で含まれることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記電解液が、さらに環状カーボネート化合物を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記正極活物質が、下記式(4)、(5)及び(6)のうちいずれかで表される活物質である、請求項2〜10のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
Lia(MxMn2−x−yYy)(O4−wZw) (4)
(式(4)中、0≦x≦1.2、0≦y、x+y<2、0≦a≦1.2、0≦w≦1であり、MはCo、Ni、Fe、Cr、Cuから選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、YはLi、B、Na、Al、Mg、Ti、Si、K、Caから選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、ZはFまたはClの少なくとも一方である。)
LiMPO4 (5)
(式(5)中、MはCo及びNiの少なくとも一方である。)
Li(LixM1−x−zMnz)O2 (6)
(式(6)中、0≦x<0.3、0.3≦z≦0.7であり、MはCo、Ni、およびFeから選ばれる少なくとも一種である。) - 前記フッ素含有リン酸エステル化合物が、電解液溶媒中に30体積%以上70体積%以下の範囲で含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記フッ素含有リン酸エステル化合物と前記フッ素含有鎖状エーテル化合物が、電解液溶媒中に5体積%以上95体積%以下の範囲で含有されていることを特徴とする、請求項6〜12のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。
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EP3203569B1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-10-31 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Nonaqueous electrolyte, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using same |
US10243234B2 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2019-03-26 | Nec Corporation | Secondary battery |
JP2017004912A (ja) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-01-05 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | スピネルリチウムマンガン複合酸化物及びその製造方法、並びにリチウムイオン二次電池及び電気化学デバイス |
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