JP6043785B2 - 注意欠陥障害の処置のための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
注意欠陥障害の処置のための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6043785B2 JP6043785B2 JP2014501292A JP2014501292A JP6043785B2 JP 6043785 B2 JP6043785 B2 JP 6043785B2 JP 2014501292 A JP2014501292 A JP 2014501292A JP 2014501292 A JP2014501292 A JP 2014501292A JP 6043785 B2 JP6043785 B2 JP 6043785B2
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- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願は、2012年1月26日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/591,129号、2011年11月18日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/561,763号、および2011年3月23日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/466,684号への優先権の利益を主張し、これらの米国仮特許出願の内容は、その全体があらゆる目的のために本明細書中に参考として援用される。
注意障害−過活動性障害(ADHD)は、衝動性、過活動性および/または不注意などの症状を特徴とする発達障害である。過活動性はADHDを有する小児によく見られるが、成人期には消失する傾向がある。しかしながら、ADHDを有する小児の過半数は生涯にわたって、ある程度の注意欠陥症状を有し続ける。
本開示の組成物および方法により、中枢神経系刺激薬に応答性の疾患または状態を処置するための新規な製剤および方法を提供する。かかる状態としては、限定されないが、注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥過活動性障害、ナルコレプシー、日中の過剰な眠気、大鬱病性障害、双極性鬱病、統合失調症の陰性症状、慢性疲労、化学療法に関連する疲労または無茶食い障害が挙げられる。該組成物および方法は、かかる処置を必要とする成人、小児および青年集団の処置に有効である。
本発明の好ましい実施形態において、例えば以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
複数の粒子を含む固形経口薬学的組成物であって、
各々が:
治療量の中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアを被包している持続放出層;および
該持続放出層を被包している遅延放出層
を含み、
ここで、該組成物は、該組成物を擬似胃内環境に置いたとき、該中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が放出される4〜12時間の期間をもたらす、
固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目2)
前記コアが、さらに崩壊剤、オスマジェントまたは細孔形成剤を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目3)
項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物であって、剤形のインビトロ溶出速度が、8時間後に放出される薬物が0〜10%であり、10時間後に2〜30%の放出であり、12時間後に15〜60%の放出であり、15時間後に45%〜95%の放出であり、ここで、750mlの0.1N HCl水溶液中で75rpmにて2時間、続いてpH6.8のリン酸緩衝溶液および37℃±0.5℃のUSP Paddle Methodによって測定した場合、各時間に放出される薬物の量が20%放出〜65%放出の間の期間から増大する、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目4)
項目3に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物であって、剤形のインビトロ溶出速度が、6時間後に放出される薬物が0〜10%であり、10時間後に15〜28%の放出であり、12時間後に40〜60%の放出であり、15時間後に80%〜95%の放出であり、ここで、該組成物が0.1N HCl、pH1.1の700mlの水溶液中に2時間まで、続いて、pH6.0のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に2〜6時間;続いて、pH7.2のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に6〜20時間、37℃±0.5℃で置かれるUSP Apparatus Iによって測定した場合、各時間あたりに放出される活性成分の量が20%放出〜65%放出の間の期間から増大する、固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目5)
項目3に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物であって、6時間以内に放出される薬剤が10%以下であり、12時間以内に放出される該薬剤が50%以下であり、0.1N HCl水溶液中に2時間、続いて、pH6.8のリン酸緩衝溶液中に、37℃±0.5℃で置かれたとき、および、ここで該組成物がヒトに投与されたとき、投与後の時間に対する血漿濃度のプロットが投与後12〜20時間の間に単一の最大値を示す、固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目6)
前記コアが実質的に球形のビーズを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目7)
前記コアが、前記中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤を含む層でコーティングされたノンパレルビーズを含む、項目6に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目8)
前記コアが、アンフェタミン、デキストロアンフェタミン、メチルフェニデートまたはその任意の異性体、ラセミ混合物、プロドラッグもしくは医薬品の塩を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目9)
前記コアがアンフェタミンまたはその医薬品の塩を含む、項目8に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目10)
前記コアがデキストロアンフェタミンまたはその医薬品の塩を含む、項目8に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目11)
前記コアがメチルフェニデートまたはその医薬品の塩を含む、項目8に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目12)
前記コアがリスデキサンフェタミンジメシラートまたはその医薬品の塩を含む、項目8に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目13)
前記コアが、ポリビニルピロリドン、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ラクトース、スクロース、微晶質セルロースおよびその任意の組合せから選択される1種類以上の賦形剤を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目14)
前記薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤が微晶質セルロースである、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目15)
前記遅延放出層が、5.0より低いpHで水性媒体に不溶性であるpH依存性のポリマーまたはコポリマーを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目16)
前記遅延放出層が、酢酸フタル酸セルロース、セルロースアセテートトリマレテート、フタル酸ヒドロキシルプロピルメチルセルロース、ポリビニルアセテートフタレート、アクリルポリマー、ポリビニルアセタールジエチルアミノアセテート、酢酸コハク酸ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、酢酸トリメリット酸セルロース、シェラック、メタクリル酸コポリマー、オイドラギットL30D、オイドラギットL100、オイドラギットFS30D、オイドラギットS100またはその任意の組合せを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目17)
前記遅延放出層が可塑剤を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目18)
前記可塑剤がセバシン酸ジブチル(DBS)、クエン酸トリブチル、クエン酸アセチルトリブチル、クエン酸アセチルトリエチル、鉱油、ヒマシ油または固定油である、項目17に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目19)
前記遅延放出層がメタクリル酸コポリマーB型を含む、項目10に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目20)
前記遅延放出層が、メタクリル酸コポリマーB型、モノ−およびジグリセリド、セバシン酸ジブチルならびにポリソルベート80を含む、項目10に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目21)
前記持続放出層が、水不溶性で水透過性のポリマーを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目22)
前記持続放出層が、さらに水溶性ポリマーを含む、項目21に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目23)
前記持続放出層が、セルロースエーテル誘導体、アクリル樹脂、第四アンモニウム基を有するアクリル酸およびメタクリル酸のエステルのコポリマー、アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸のエステルのコポリマーまたはその任意の組合せを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目24)
前記持続放出層が、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースおよびステアリン酸マグネシウムを含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目25)
前記崩壊剤、オスマジェント(osmagen)または細孔形成体がコーンスターチ、ジャガイモデンプン、アルファー化デンプン、変性デンプン、甘味料、クレイ、ベントナイト、微晶質セルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、クロスカルメロースナトリウム、アルギン酸、アルギン酸ナトリウム、セルロースポリアクリンカリウム、アルギネート、デンプングリコール酸ナトリウム、ガム、寒天、グアール、イナゴマメ、カラヤ、ペクチン、トラガカント、クロスポビドンまたは低置換度ヒドロキシプロピルセルロースである、項目2に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目26)
前記崩壊剤、オスマジェントまたは細孔形成剤が、塩、酸、塩基、キレート剤、塩化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、塩化マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸リチウム、ポリオール、マンニトール、スルファトール、キシリトール、炭水化物、電解質、塩化カリウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、重炭酸カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カルシウム、乳酸カルシウム、d−マンニトール、尿素、酒石酸、ラフィノース、スクロース、α−d−ラクトース一水和物、グルコース、α−ヒドロキシ酸、クエン酸、アスコルビン酸、またはその任意の組合せである、項目2に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目27)
さらに乱用抑止剤を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目28)
さらに鼻剌激物を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目29)
前記鼻剌激物がカプサイシノイドまたはラウリル硫酸ナトリウムである、項目28に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目30)
単回用量の項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物を含む水溶性カプセル剤。
(項目31)
単回用量が1〜50mgの中枢神経系刺激薬である、項目30に記載の水溶性カプセル剤。
(項目32)
さらに、前記薬物含有コアと前記持続放出層の間にシール部を含む、項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目33)
中枢神経系刺激薬の投与に応答性の障害または状態を有する被験体の状態を処置する方法であって、有効量の項目1に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物を該被験体に経口投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目34)
前記有効量が1日に1回投与される、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目35)
1日1回ベースでの有効用量の投与により4〜12時間の前記中枢神経系刺激薬の遅延放出、続いて血漿濃度増大がもたらされ、該有効用量の投与を開始して24時間の期間の間に単一の最大血清濃度(Cmax)がもたらされ、これが該投与の少なくとも12時間後に現れる、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目36)
Cmaxが前記投与の少なくとも14時間後に現れる、項目35に記載の方法。
(項目37)
Cmaxが前記投与の15時間後より後に現れる、項目35に記載の方法。
(項目38)
前記障害または状態が注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥過活動性障害、日中の過剰な眠気、大鬱病性障害、双極性鬱病、統合失調症の陰性症状、慢性疲労、化学療法に関連する疲労または無茶食い障害である、項目33に記載の方法。
(項目39)
治療量の中枢神経系刺激薬を含む固形経口薬学的組成物であって、ヒトに経口投与したとき4〜12時間の該中枢神経系刺激薬の遅延放出および投与の10〜16時間後に最大血清濃度(Cmax)をもたらし、放出後の時間に対する該血清濃度のプロットが単一の最大値を示す、固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目40)
擬似胃内環境に置いたとき、6時間以内に前記中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が放出される、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目41)
擬似胃内環境に置いたとき、8時間以内に前記中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が放出される、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目42)
擬似胃内環境に置いたとき、10時間以内に前記中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が放出される、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目43)
擬似胃内環境に置いたとき、12時間以内に前記中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が放出される、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目44)
投与後6時間目の血清曲線下面積(AUC0〜6)が全AUC0〜∞の約2%未満である、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目45)
投与後10時間目の血清曲線下面積(AUC0〜10)が全AUC0〜∞の約7%未満である、項目39に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目46)
固形経口薬学的組成物であって、
治療量の中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアをコーティングしている持続放出層;および
該持続放出層をコーティングしている遅延放出層
を含み、
ここで、該コアには崩壊剤、オスマジェントまたは細孔形成剤が実質的に含有されておらず;
さらに、該組成物がヒトに投与されたとき、投与の3〜12時間後に血清中に該中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が検出可能であり、中枢神経系薬剤の血清濃度が吸収開始から投与後12〜16時間の期間までに増大する、固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目47)
中枢神経系刺激薬を含む固形経口薬学的組成物であって、剤形のインビトロ溶出速度が、8時間後に0〜10%の薬物の放出であり、10時間後に2〜30%の放出であり、12時間後に15〜60%の放出であり、15時間後に45%〜95%の放出であり、ここで、該組成物が0.1N HCl、pH1.1の700mlの水溶液中に2時間まで、続いて、pH6.0のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に2〜6時間;続いて、pH7.2のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に6〜20時間、37℃±0.5℃で置かれるUSP Apparatus Iによって測定した場合、各時間に放出される活性成分の量が20%放出〜65%放出の間の期間から増大する、固形経口薬学的組成物。
(項目48)
有効量の固形経口薬学的組成物を経口投与する工程を含む、中枢神経系刺激薬の投与に応答性の障害または状態を有する被験体の状態を処置する方法であって、
該組成物が、
治療量の中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアをコーティングしている持続放出層;および
該持続放出層をコーティングしている遅延放出層
を含み、
さらに、該組成物がヒトに投与されたとき、投与の4〜12時間後に血清中に該中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下が検出可能である、
方法。
(項目49)
該障害または状態が注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥過活動性障害、日中の過剰な眠気、大鬱病性障害、双極性鬱病、統合失調症の陰性症状、慢性疲労、化学療法に関連する疲労または無茶食い障害である、項目48に記載の方法。
本開示により、1日のうちの活動時間中、治療量の薬物が維持されるように治療量の活性薬物を遅延および制御型放出パターンで送達する剤形を提供することによる注意欠陥障害(ADD)、注意欠陥過活動性障害(ADHD)または中枢神経系刺激薬に応答性の他の状態もしくは障害の処置のための治療用組成物および方法を提供する。小児の患者(青年期の患者を含む)では、また成人でも、治療量は、起床の際および午前中、ならびに仕事または宿題をする必要がある午後の時間が望ましい。
刺激性の投薬物(例えば、メチルフェニデートおよびアンフェタミンならびにプロドラッグ)は、注意欠陥過活動性障害(ADHD)と診断された個体を処置するため、多くの場合で処方される。国立衛生試験所によると、刺激薬はすべて脳内のドパミンレベルを増大させることにより働く。ドパミンは、快楽、運動および注意と関連している脳内化学物質(または神経伝達物質)である。刺激薬の治療効果は、脳による自然な生成と同様のドパミンの緩慢で定常的な増大によって得られる。医師によって処方される用量は、低用量から開始し、治療効果が達成されるまで徐々に増大させる。
メチルフェニデートは別の中枢神経系(CNS)刺激薬であり、1960年代以降、ADD、ADHD、疲労およびナルコレプシーの処置に使用されている。メチルフェニデートは、右旋性および左旋性コンホメーションのラセミ混合物で、または純粋な右旋性異性体として処方され得る。メチルフェニデートは分子内に2つのキラル中心を有し、したがって、dトレオ異性体が富化されるようにさらに純化することもできる。メチルフェニデートの薬学的に許容され得る塩(塩酸メチルフェニデートなど)の使用も本開示によって想定される。
本開示の製剤は、初期の遅滞期、続いてシグモイド放出期を含む新規な放出プロフィールおよび血清プロフィールがもたらされるように設計される。このプロフィールをもたらすことによって、剤形により、1日1回摂取すると持続的で長期の治療効果がもたらされる。該剤形が放出前に胃を通過するという放出特性に基づき、本明細書に開示の製剤では、少なくとも下記の、胃を空にすることのばらつきが少ない、栄養状態(食後または空腹時)に対する依存性が低い、突然の用量ダンピングのリスクが低い、ならびに個体内および個体間のばらつきが少ないというさらなる利点が得られることが予測される。
該薬物放出においてさらなる遅延が得られるように疎水性賦形剤が導入された本開示の製剤を作製する。可塑剤レベルはEthocelTMレベルの7.26%に維持する。該製剤を表3に示す。
実験計画(DOE)は、Klucel(登録商標)に対するEthocelTMの比を:70:30、75:25、および80:20の3つの比率でセットアップした。コーティングを、1.0mm噴霧ノズルを有するGPCG2で適用した。DOEコーティング実行には、650.0gのペレットを使用した。該ペレットは、80%w/wのプラセボペレットと20%硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンペレットからなるものとした。該ペレットをD−硫酸アンフェタミンペレットが保持されるように希釈した。そのDOE製剤を表4に示す。各コーティング製剤は12%w/w固形分を含有していた。溶媒は、脱イオン水に対するエタノールが95:5の比からなるものとした。
安定性試験のため、13.6mg(10.0mgの遊離基剤用量に相当)用量のカプセル剤をHDPEボトル内に入れ、40℃/75%RH、25℃/60%RH、および30℃/65%RHの試験用安定性チャンバ内に入れた。また、カプセルなしのペレットも、開口容器試験のため40℃/75%RHでHDPEボトル内に入れた。40℃/75%RHでの開口容器試験のための2〜4週間後、該ペレットの溶出試験をpH7.2のリン酸バッファー中で行なった。溶出結果を図6と図7に示す。
pH依存性コーティング試験には、DOE3ペレットを使用した。13.6mg用量(10.0mgの遊離基剤用量)の試料をカプセル内に入れた。溶出試験は、0.1N HCl中で2時間(T=0〜2時間)、次いで、pH6.0のリン酸バッファー中で4時間(T=2〜6時間)、最後に残りの全時間はpH7.0のリン酸バッファー中で行なった。製剤を表5に示す。
DOE3 SRコーティング上のpH依存性コーティングでの試験を、100%活性コアペレットバッチ(プラセボペレットなし)で繰り返した。そのコーティングパラメータを表6に示す。
本明細書に記載のコアペレットの例は下記の構成要素を含む(5kgバッチで生成の場合)。
造粒媒体の固形分6%
コアペレットに適用する持続放出コーティングの例は下記の構成要素を用いて調製される。
コーティングによる重量増加 − 30%
固形分 − 12.0%
固形分 − 10.0%
バッチサイズ − 715g
コアペレット量 − 550g
固形分 − 10.0%
バッチサイズ − 715g
コアペレット量 − 550g
コーティングによる重量増加 − 30%
固形分 − 12.0%
コーティングによる重量増加 − 30%
固形分 − 12.0%
実施例12に記載のコア、持続放出コーティングによる25%の重量増加+遅延放出(腸溶)コーティングによる20%の重量増加を有する硫酸デキストロアンフェタミン組成物の例,30mgカプセル剤(緩慢放出製剤1)
実施例12におけるようなコア、持続放出コーティングによる25%の重量増加+遅延放出(腸溶)コーティングによる30%の重量増加を有する硫酸デキストロアンフェタミン組成物の例,30mgカプセル剤(緩慢放出製剤2)
実施例12におけるようなコア、持続放出コーティングによる20%の重量増加+遅延放出(腸溶)コーティングによる20%の重量増加を有する硫酸デキストロアンフェタミン組成物の例,30mgカプセル剤(中速度放出製剤1)
実施例12におけるようなコア、持続放出コーティングによる20%の重量増加+遅延放出(腸溶)コーティングによる30%の重量増加を有する硫酸デキストロアンフェタミン組成物の例,30mgカプセル剤(中速度放出製剤2)
実施例12におけるようなコア、持続放出コーティングによる20%の重量増加+遅延放出(腸溶)コーティングによる20%の重量増加を有する硫酸デキストロアンフェタミン組成物の例,30mgカプセル剤(急速放出製剤)
デキストロアンフェタミンの30mgカプセル剤の並行5アーム非盲検単回投与絶食試験を健常非喫煙者の男性被験体において実施し、各治験の間に実施例13〜17に記載の5種類の製剤を56名の健常な男性志願者(年齢18〜45歳)に投与した。
処置A:1個の硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンカプセル剤,30mg,CII(20%SR,30%ERコート,中速度放出);
処置B:1個の硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンカプセル剤,30mg,CII(25%SR,20%ERコート,緩慢放出);
処置C:1個の硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンカプセル剤,30mg,CII(20%SR,20%ERコート,急速放出),
処置D:1個の硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンカプセル剤,30mg,CII(25%SR,30%ERコート,緩慢放出);
処置E:1個の硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンカプセル剤,30mg,CII(20%SR,20%ERコート,中速度放出)。
メチルフェニデート組成物,54mgカプセル剤(緩慢放出製剤,SRによる25%の重量増加+30%のpH依存性重量増加)
Claims (35)
- 中枢神経系刺激薬の投与に応答性の障害または状態を有する被験体の状態を処置するための、単回遅延放出投薬量で経口投与するための薬学的組成物であって、該組成物は、
治療量のアンフェタミン、アンフェタミン塩、リスデキサンフェタミンジメシラート、またはそれらの組み合わせである中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアをコーティングしている持続放出層;および
該持続放出層をコーティングしている遅延放出層
を含み、
該組成物は、
(i)アンフェタミン、アンフェタミン塩、リスデキサンフェタミンジメシラート、またはそれらの組み合わせの血漿濃度が、最大濃度(Cmax)の10%未満である少なくとも5時間の遅滞期;
(ii)AUC0〜48の約7%未満の投与後10時間目の血漿曲線下面積(AUC0〜10)
を示し、そして
(iii)Cmaxまでの時間(Tmax)が投与の12時間後から19時間後の間であり、
ここで、該持続放出層は、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、セバシン酸ジブチルおよびステアリン酸マグネシウムを含み、そしてここで、該遅延放出層は、メタクリル酸コポリマーB型、モノ−およびジグリセリド、およびポリソルベート80を含む、
組成物。 - 前記有効量が一日に一回投与される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記アンフェタミンが、アンフェタミン、薬学的なアンフェタミンの塩、デキストロアンフェタミンもしくはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- Cmaxが、投与の15時間後より後に生じる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記障害または状態が、注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥過活動性障害、日中の過剰な眠気、大鬱病性障害、双極性鬱病、統合失調症の陰性症状、慢性疲労、化学療法に関連する疲労または無茶食い障害である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 中枢神経系刺激薬の投与に応答性の障害または状態を有する被験体の状態を処置するための、経口投与のための組成物であって、該組成物は、
治療量の中枢神経系刺激薬と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアをコーティングしている持続放出層;および
該持続放出層をコーティングしている遅延放出層
を含み、
さらに、該組成物がヒトに投与された場合、
(i)中枢神経系刺激薬の約10%以下のCmaxが、投与の5時間後に血漿中で検出可能であり、
(ii)投与後10時間目の血漿曲線下面積(AUC0〜10)がAUC0〜48の約7%未満であり、
(iii)Cmaxまでの時間(Tmax)が投与の12時間後から19時間後の間であり、
ここで、該持続放出層は、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、セバシン酸ジブチルおよびステアリン酸マグネシウムを含み、そしてここで、該遅延放出層は、メタクリル酸コポリマーB型、モノ−およびジグリセリド、およびポリソルベート80を含む、
組成物。 - 前記障害または状態が、注意欠陥障害、注意欠陥過活動性障害、日中の過剰な眠気、大鬱病性障害、双極性鬱病、統合失調症の陰性症状、慢性疲労、化学療法に関連する疲労または無茶食い障害である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記中枢神経系刺激薬が、アンフェタミン、デキストロアンフェタミン、メチルフェニデート、またはそれらの任意の異性体、ラセミ混合物、もしくは薬学的な塩である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記中枢神経系刺激薬が、アンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記中枢神経系刺激薬が、デキストロアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記中枢神経系刺激薬が、リスデキサンフェタミンジメシラートまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記有効量が、5mg〜54mgである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記障害または状態が、注意欠陥障害または注意欠陥過活動性障害である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記有効量が、5mg〜54mgである、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 前記中枢神経系刺激薬が、メチルフェニデートまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが実質的に球形のビーズを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、硫酸デキストロアンフェタミンを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、ポリビニルピロリドン、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ラクトース、スクロース、微晶質セルロースおよびそれらの任意の組合せから選択される1種類以上の賦形剤を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤が微晶質セルロースである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、前記アンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含む層でコーティングされたノンパレルビーズを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記遅延放出層が、さらにセバシン酸ジブチルを含む、請求項1または6に記載の組成物。
- さらに乱用抑止剤を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- さらに鼻剌激物を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記鼻剌激物がカプサイシノイドまたはラウリル硫酸ナトリウムである、請求項23に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が複数の粒子を含み、各粒子が前記コア、前記持続放出層、および前記遅延放出層を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記複数の粒子が、単位用量水溶性カプセルに含有される、請求項25に記載の組成物。
- 前記単位用量が1mg〜150mgのアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項26に記載の組成物。
- 前記粒子は、擬似胃内環境に置かれた場合、最初の5時間でアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩の合計の10%以下を放出する、請求項25に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物が、USP Apparatus Iによって測定される、0.1N HCl、pH1.1の700mlの水溶液中に2時間まで、続いて、pH6.0のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に2〜6時間;続いて、pH7.2のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に6〜20時間、37℃±0.5℃で置かれた場合、前記粒子は、最初の5時間以内にアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩の合計の10%以下を放出する、請求項25に記載の組成物。
- 投与後6時間目の血漿曲線下面積(AUC0〜6)が、Tmaxでの総血漿曲線下面積AUC0〜max)の約5%未満である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 単位用量のアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩を含む水溶性カプセルであって、該組成物がヒト被験体に経口投与された場合、アンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩の血漿濃度が最大濃度(Cmax)の10%未満である少なくとも5時間の遅滞期が存在し、Cmaxまでの時間(Tmax)が投与の12時間後から19時間後の間である、水溶性カプセル。
- 前記単位用量が1mg〜150mgのアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩である、請求項31に記載の水溶性カプセル。
- 複数の粒子を含む固形経口薬学的組成物であって、各粒子は、
治療量のデキストロアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含む実質的に球形のコア;
該コアを被包し、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、セバシン酸ジブチルおよび25%〜50%のステアリン酸マグネシウムを含む、持続放出層;ならびに
該持続放出層を被包し、メタクリル酸コポリマーB型、モノ−およびジグリセリド、およびポリソルベート80を含む、遅延放出層
を含む、固形経口薬学的組成物。 - 前記持続放出層が前記ビーズをコーティングして、15%〜35%の重量増加が達成され、前記遅延放出層がビーズをコーティングする該持続放出層をコーティングして、15%〜35%のさらなる重量増加が達成される、請求項33に記載の固形経口薬学的組成物。
- 複数の粒子を含む固形経口薬学的組成物であって、各々は、
アンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩と少なくとも1種類の薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤とを含むコア;
該コアを被包している持続放出層;および
該持続放出層を被包している遅延放出層
を含み、
該組成物が、USP Apparatus Iによって測定される、0.1N HCl、pH1.1の700mlの水溶液中に2時間、続いて、pH6.0のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に4時間;続いて、pH7.2のリン酸ナトリウムバッファー中に6〜20時間、37℃±0.5℃で置かれた場合、該粒子は、0時間〜6時間にアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩の合計の5%以下を放出し、0時間〜8時間にアンフェタミンまたはその薬学的な塩の合計の10%以下を放出し、そして次の10時間にわたって持続放出を示し、
ここで、該持続放出層は、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、セバシン酸ジブチルおよびステアリン酸マグネシウムを含み、そしてここで、該遅延放出層は、メタクリル酸コポリマーB型、モノ−およびジグリセリド、およびポリソルベート80を含む、
固形経口薬学的組成物。
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