JP6038798B2 - 勾配ナノ粒子−炭素同素体−ポリマー複合材料 - Google Patents
勾配ナノ粒子−炭素同素体−ポリマー複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
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Description
本出願は、2010年10月18日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/394,066号の優先権を主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。本出願はまた、2010年11月9日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/411,494号の優先権も主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。本出願はまた、2011年4月21日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/477,674号の優先権も主張し、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は保護剤に関し、より具体的には衝撃波の影響を軽減する材料に関する。
衝撃波または発射物として、外部刺激の衝撃、例えば爆風を扱うための材料設計に、例えば、織物、セラミック材料および複合材料系が含まれる。Kevlar(登録商標)、Zylon(登録商標)、Armos(登録商標)、Spectra(登録商標)は、高強度繊維から作られた市販の織物である。その他材料としては弾道鋼(ballistic steel)があり、これは繊維状に織られた硬化高張力鋼から構成される。さらに、炭化ホウ素を例えばボディアーマー(body armor)を製造する際の材料として使用することができる。
1. (a)基板層;および
(b)前記基板層上に配置された複数の衝撃減衰層を含み、
各衝撃減衰層が、(i)最小径から最大径まで勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む勾配ナノ粒子層と;(ii)勾配ナノ粒子層に隣接して配置され、母材に懸濁した複数の炭素同素体部材を含む黒鉛層とを含む、衝撃波減衰材料。
2. 前記勾配ナノ粒子層が、少なくとも2つの異なる直径のナノ粒子を含む、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
3. 前記複数の衝撃減衰層では、少なくとも10層の勾配ナノ粒子層と少なくとも10層の黒鉛層が交互になっている、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
4. 前記炭素同素体部材が、グラフェンシート、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、官能化グラフェンシート、官能化カーボンナノチューブ、官能化フラーレンおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる炭素同素体のリストから選択される、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
5. 前記黒鉛層の各層が、衝突する衝撃波の少なくとも一部を反射するのに十分な厚さである、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
6. ヘルメットに配置された、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
7. 防護ユニットの一部に配置された、1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
8. (a)使用者によって着用されるように構成されたヘルメット部材;および
(b)前記ヘルメット部材に適用された複数の衝撃減衰層を含み、
各衝撃減衰層が、(i)最小径から最大径まで勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む勾配ナノ粒子層と;(ii)勾配ナノ粒子層に隣接して配置され、母材に懸濁した複数の炭素同素体部材を含む黒鉛層とを含む、ヘルメット。
9. 前記ヘルメット部材がパラアラミド合成繊維を含む、8に記載のヘルメット。
10. 前記勾配ナノ粒子層が少なくとも2つの異なる直径のナノ粒子を含む、8に記載のヘルメット。
11. 前記複数の衝撃減衰層では、少なくとも10層の勾配ナノ粒子層と少なくとも10層の黒鉛層が交互になっている、8に記載のヘルメット。
12. 前記炭素同素体部材が、グラフェンシート、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、官能化グラフェンシート、官能化カーボンナノチューブ、官能化フラーレンおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる炭素同素体のリストから選択される、8に記載のヘルメット。
13. 前記黒鉛層の各層が、衝突する衝撃波の少なくとも一部を反射するのに十分な厚さである、8に記載のヘルメット。
14. (a)構造要素;
(b)装甲板;および
(c)前記構造要素と前記装甲板の少なくとも1つと所定の関係で配置された複数の衝撃減衰層を含み、
各衝撃減衰層が、(i)最小径から最大径まで勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む勾配ナノ粒子層と;(ii)勾配ナノ粒子層に隣接して配置され、母材に懸濁した複数の炭素同素体部材を含む黒鉛層とを含む、防護ユニット。
15. 前記勾配ナノ粒子層が、少なくとも2つの異なる直径のナノ粒子を含む、14に記載の防護ユニット。
16. 前記複数の衝撃減衰層では、少なくとも10層の勾配ナノ粒子層と少なくとも10層の黒鉛層が交互になっている、14に記載の防護ユニット。
17. 前記炭素同素体部材が、グラフェンシート、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、官能化グラフェンシート、官能化カーボンナノチューブ、官能化フラーレンおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる炭素同素体のリストから選択される、14に記載の防護ユニット。
18. 前記黒鉛層の各層が、衝突する衝撃波の少なくとも一部を反射するのに十分な厚さである、14に記載の防護ユニット。
19. 前記構造要素が、車両の天井、床または壁の少なくとも1つを含む、14に記載の防護ユニット。
20. 前記構造要素が防護服集合体を含む、14に記載の防護ユニット。
21. (a)セラミック板;
(b)前記セラミック板に隣接して配置された高質量部材;および
(c)前記高質量部材に配置されたナノ粒子衝撃波減衰材料層を含む、個人用防護服ユニット。
22. 前記高質量部材が、超高分子量ポリエチレン、パラアラミド合成繊維複合体、炭素繊維複合体、金属、セラミックおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる材料のリストから選択される材料を含む、21に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
23. 前記ナノ粒子衝撃波減衰材料層が複数の衝撃減衰層を含み、
各衝撃減衰層が、(a)最小径から最大径まで勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む勾配ナノ粒子層と;(b)勾配ナノ粒子層に隣接して配置され、母材に懸濁した複数の炭素同素体部材を含む黒鉛層とを含む、21に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
24. 前記勾配ナノ粒子層が、少なくとも2つの異なる直径のナノ粒子を含む、23に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
25. 前記複数の衝撃減衰層では、少なくとも10層の勾配ナノ粒子層と少なくとも10層の黒鉛層が交互になっている、23に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
26. 前記炭素同素体部材が、グラフェンシート、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、官能化グラフェンシート、官能化カーボンナノチューブ、官能化フラーレンおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる炭素同素体のリストから選択される、23に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
27. 前記黒鉛層の各層が、衝突する衝撃波の少なくとも一部を反射するのに十分な厚さである、23に記載の個人用防護服ユニット。
Claims (16)
- 複数の衝撃減衰層を含み、
各衝撃減衰層が、(i)層の厚み方向に勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む勾配ナノ粒子層と;(ii)勾配ナノ粒子層に隣接して配置され、母材に分散した複数のカーボンナノチューブまたはグラフェンを含む炭素同素体層とを含む、衝撃波減衰材料。 - 前記勾配ナノ粒子層が、少なくとも3つの異なる直径のナノ粒子を含む、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブまたはグラフェンが、官能化グラフェンシートまたは官能化カーボンナノチューブである、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- ヘルメットに配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- アーマーユニットの一部に配置され、アーマーユニットは、さらなる構造要素と防護板を有する、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 前記ヘルメット部材が、ポリエチレン、ガラス繊維、パラアラミド合成繊維複合体、ビニル樹脂、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン、アクリル樹脂、金属およびそれらの組み合わせより成る群から選ばれる、請求項4に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 前記構造要素が、車両の天井、床または壁の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項5に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 前記構造要素が防護服集合体を含む、請求項5に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- セラミック板、前記セラミック板に隣接して配置された基板、前記基板に配置された複数の衝撃波減衰材料層を含む個人用防護服ユニットの一部に配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 前記基板が、超高分子量ポリエチレン、パラアラミド合成繊維複合体、炭素繊維複合体、金属、セラミックおよびそれらの組み合わせからなる材料のリストから選択される材料を含む、請求項9に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 基板層をさらに含み、複数の衝撃波減衰層が基板層上に配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 勾配が、最小径から最大径まで勾配をつけて配列された様々な直径の複数のナノ粒子を含む、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- コンピュータまたはハードウェアーケーシング上に配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 外装コーティングまたはフィルムとして配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- スポーツ用ヘルメット、すね当て、キャッチャー胸部パッド、肩パッド、野球用ミット、ゴルフクラブ、または野球用バット上に配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
- 個人用ボディアーマーユニット、ゴミ箱、ゴミ袋、人工衛星、ヘリコプタ、コンピュータ/ハードウェアのケーシング、ケーブル保護具、建物、建物の外観、橋、パイプ、パイプライン、自動車ドアパネル、バンパー、ダッシュボード、フロントガラス、窓、車台、屋根、飛行機、装甲車両、非装甲車両、無人飛行機、潜水艦、船、またはボート上に配置された、請求項1に記載の衝撃波減衰材料。
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| US39406610P | 2010-10-18 | 2010-10-18 | |
| US61/394,066 | 2010-10-18 | ||
| US41149410P | 2010-11-09 | 2010-11-09 | |
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| US201161477674P | 2011-04-21 | 2011-04-21 | |
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| JP2013535002A Active JP6038798B2 (ja) | 2010-10-18 | 2011-10-18 | 勾配ナノ粒子−炭素同素体−ポリマー複合材料 |
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| US (5) | US10926513B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2629973B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6038798B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2814986C (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2645248T3 (ja) |
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| US10926513B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| US20140113086A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
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| US20130273273A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
| US20190128357A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
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| IL225781B (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| CA2814986A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| EP2629973B1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
| WO2012054472A3 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
| EP2629973A4 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| US9982736B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
| US20140023805A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
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