JP6025527B2 - Waste sorting facility and waste sorting method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste sorting processing facility and a waste sorting processing method.

  Conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, waste generated from a construction site or the like is classified into a recyclable item and a material that must be disposed of in a rough sorting step and a finishing sorting step. In the rough sorting process, waste is developed between concrete soils, mainly heavy and large ones are sorted by a work machine, and relatively light ones are grouped and sorted manually. The waste (residue) that has not been roughly sorted is finely sorted in the finishing sorting process.

  In the rough sorting process, work machines and workers are mixed and work together in the same space. For this reason, the working radii of the work machine and the worker overlap with each other, and a safety problem arises with a danger such as a contact accident. In order to avoid this completely, the work time of the worker and the work time of the work machine must be surely divided, and it is difficult to improve workability.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 1, it is proposed to use a long and large sorter for sorting large items from waste, and to sort the recyclable items on the work machine for the large items (the long and large items) sorted there. Yes.

JP 2006-780 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, the long and large items sorted by the long and large sorter are gathered (accumulated state) in a specific place (such as the vicinity of the discharge port of the long and large sorter). For this reason, in order to further sort a large product with a work machine, the work machine moves back and forth and right and left around that specific place to search for a component (sorted product) to be sorted from the accumulated large product. It becomes. That is, with such a configuration, it may be difficult to improve work efficiency.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and the like, and is capable of improving the work efficiency and stably sorting waste while ensuring work safety and waste. It is an object to provide an object sorting processing method.

The present invention provides a waste sorting facility for rough sorting of waste, a conveyor for transporting the waste, and a side-by-side arrangement of the waste facing the conveyor in the transport direction of the waste. A plurality of first work machines capable of removing constituent members from the conveyor, and the first work machines disposed opposite the conveyor and removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines facing each other A plurality of component placement units on which the respective components are placed, and each of the plurality of first work machines includes a crawler type traveling body, and a revolving body that is rotatable with respect to the traveling body. A vertically swingable arm body attached to the swivel body, and a gripping mechanism that is swingably attached to the tip of the arm body so as to grip the component and move vertically and horizontally To the driver A backhoe is operated I, at least two or more first working machine of the first working machine of the plurality, by being adapted to coarse screening the construct sorting interest are different from each other, The problem is solved.

  In this invention, the conveyor which conveys a waste, and the several 1st work machine arrange | positioned along with the convey direction of a waste which opposes a conveyor are provided. For this reason, each of the first work machines that perform rough sorting does not need to move at least in the transport direction, and collision between the first work machines can be avoided. Nevertheless, each first work machine can cope with the rough sorting of all wastes and can continue working continuously.

  Further, in the two or more first work machines, components having different sorting targets are roughly sorted from waste. In other words, each first work machine shares a constituent to be selected. Furthermore, the component mounting part is arrange | positioned facing the 1st work machine, respectively. Therefore, each first work machine can efficiently roughly sort the components and quickly place them on the component placement unit.

  The conveyor has only a function of transporting waste, and the first work machine does not require a special configuration, and more than one. For this reason, there is little functional load to a conveyor and the stable operation | movement of a conveyor is possible. When the first work machine is repaired by failure, the remaining first work machine can be assigned the work as soon as possible, or a work machine having the same configuration can be quickly replaced and used. . That is, stable rough sorting can be performed, and the entire rough sorting process can be prevented from being delayed as much as possible.

  In addition, when the 1st work machine which makes the selection object the said composition with a large ratio for the said waste is arrange | positioned in the upstream from the said conveyor, a structure with the ratio with many in the upstream from the conveyor Can be removed from the waste. That is, not only the work on the upstream side of the conveyor becomes efficient, but also the work on the downstream side of the conveyor can be performed more quickly and efficiently.

  In addition, when the number of the first work machines for which the constituents that account for a large proportion of the waste are to be selected is a larger number, further removing the constituents with the high proportion from the waste. This can be done quickly.

In addition , each of the plurality of first work machines includes a crawler type traveling body, a revolving body that is rotatable with respect to the traveling body, a vertically swingable arm body that is attached to the revolving body, by swingably attached to the distal end of the arm body, provided with a gripping mechanism which is movable vertically and horizontally with gripping the composition, so backhoe operated by a driver, facilitate construct The components can be easily removed from the conveyor.

  The gripping mechanism (which grips the component and is movable up and down, left and right) is mounted on the conveyor by the gripping mechanism in order to transport the waste by the conveyor. When the second working machine is provided, the components can be easily selected and gripped by the first working machine when the waste is placed on the conveyor. Furthermore, it is possible to place only components that can be roughly sorted by the first work machine on the conveyor. In this case, the waste (residue) remaining in the waste placement section can be accumulated there and transported to the finishing selection.

  The component placement unit is disposed on the opposite side of the first work machine across the conveyor, and the gripping mechanism of the first work machine grips the component on the conveyor and the component. When it is possible to move to the placement unit, the component removed by the first work machine can be reliably placed on the component placement unit. At the same time, even if a large amount of components are placed on the component placement unit, the components can be carried out from the waste sorting facility without interrupting the work of the first work machine.

  In addition, when the guide wall made higher than the height of the waste on the conveyor is provided between the first work machine and the conveyor and between the conveyor and the component placement unit In this case, it is possible to prevent the waste on the conveyor from collapsing to the first work machine and reducing the workability of the first work machine. In addition, it is possible to prevent waste on the conveyor from colliding with the components that have already been roughly sorted by collapsing toward the component placement unit.

  The gripping mechanism includes a first gripping portion and a second gripping portion facing the first gripping portion and relatively approaching and moving away from the first gripping portion, and the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion. The blade plate is integrally provided at the tip portion of each part, and when the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are closest, the tip portions of the blade plates are in contact with each other. When the component can be gripped by the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion approaching each other, the gripping mechanism is smaller and can grip the sheet-like component. For this reason, it is possible to roughly sort waste that has a half-sized size (it is difficult to grip with a conventional work machine and large for an operator to pick up). In other words, the waste sorting facility can roughly sort a finer and thinner component than the conventional one.

  In addition, before the conveyor, the waste is separated into waste that is to be sorted by the first work machine (rough sorting object) and waste that is not to be sorted by the first work machine (residue). In the case of including the separating device, only the rough sorting object can be placed on the conveyor. For this reason, it becomes possible to perform rough sorting efficiently with the first work machine. In addition, the residue separated by the separation device can be accumulated there and conveyed to finishing sorting.

According to the present invention, in the waste sorting method for roughly sorting waste, the first work machine for roughly sorting the waste is capable of rotating with respect to the crawler type traveling body and the traveling body. A swivel body, an up and down swingable arm body attached to the swivel body, and a swingable attachment to the tip of the arm body so as to grip the constituents of the waste and to vertically and horizontally It comprises a movable and has been gripping mechanism, and a backhoe operated by a driver, a step of conveying the waste conveyor, said composition being transported by the conveyor, opposite to the conveyor each by a plurality of the first working machine is arranged in the conveying direction of the waste, a step of removing from the said conveyor, the construct is removed from the conveyor at a first working machine plurality few cars facing The compound And placing each of the plurality of component placement units on the plurality of first work machines, the at least two first work machines among the plurality of first work machines. Can also be regarded as a waste sorting method characterized by roughly sorting the components having different sorting targets.
Alternatively, in a waste sorting processing facility that performs rough sorting of waste, the waste is configured while being disposed in parallel with the conveyer that conveys the waste and facing the conveyor in the conveyance direction of the waste. A plurality of first work machines capable of removing components from the conveyor, and the components disposed opposite the conveyors and removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines facing each other A plurality of component placement units on each of which the at least two first work machines out of the plurality of first work machines roughly sort the components having different sorting targets The first work machine includes a gripping mechanism that grips the component and is movable up, down, left, and right, and the component placement unit sandwiches the conveyor. On the opposite side The gripping mechanism of the first work machine grips the component on the conveyor and is movable to the component mounting unit, and is higher than the height of the waste on the conveyor. The guide wall is provided between the first work machine and the conveyor, and between the conveyor and the component placement unit, or a waste sorting processing facility, or a waste coarser In a waste sorting processing facility for performing sorting, a conveyor that transports the waste, and a structure that is disposed in parallel with the conveyor in a transport direction of the waste and that constitutes the waste is disposed on the conveyor. A plurality of first work machines that can be removed from the conveyor, and the components that are arranged to face the conveyor and that are removed from the conveyor by the opposing first work machines are respectively placed A plurality of component placement units; And at least two or more first work machines out of the plurality of first work machines are configured to roughly sort the components having different sorting targets, the first work machine including the components A gripping mechanism that is movable up and down, left and right, the gripping mechanism facing the first gripping portion and the first gripping portion, and a second gripping that is relatively close to and away from the first gripping portion. A blade plate is integrally provided at the tip of the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion, and when the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are closest to each other, Waste sorting, wherein the tip portions of the blade plates are in contact with each other, and the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion approach each other so that the component can be gripped. It can be said that it is a processing facility.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to improve work efficiency and to isolate | separate a waste stably, ensuring the safety | security on work.

The schematic diagram which shows an example of the waste sorting processing equipment which concerns on embodiment of this invention Schematic diagram showing a side view of the waste sorting equipment shown in FIG. 1 (a side view as viewed from the X direction (A), a side view as viewed from the Y direction (B)) Schematic diagram showing the backhoe used in the waste sorting equipment shown in FIG. Schematic diagram showing a grapple used for the backhoe shown in FIG. 3 (front view (A), side view (B)) The schematic diagram which shows the state which a pair of blade board of the grapple shown in FIG. 4 contacted most closely Schematic diagram showing the rough sorting procedure in the waste sorting facility shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an example of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, an outline of the waste sorting processing facility according to the present embodiment will be described mainly using FIG.

  The waste sorting processing equipment 100 is configured to roughly sort the waste 103, and a plurality of backhoes (first working machines) BH1 of the waste placing unit 102, the steel conveyor (conveyor) 106, and the working machine arranging unit 104. -BH4, the component mounting part 108, and the residue mounting part 110 are provided. The steel conveyor 106 is configured to convey the waste 103. The plurality of backhoes BH <b> 1 to BH <b> 4 are arranged side by side in the conveyance direction (X direction) of the waste 103 so as to face the steel conveyor 106, and the components (items) 103 </ b> A constituting the waste 103 are placed on the steel conveyor 106. It is possible to remove (roughly sort). The component placement unit 108 is disposed so as to face the steel conveyor 106, and the components 103A removed from the steel conveyor 106 by the plurality of opposed backhoes BH1 to BH4 are placed thereon. Here, of the plurality of backhoes BH1 to BH4, three backhoes BH1 (BH2), BH3, and BH4 are configured to roughly sort the components 103A having different sorting objects.

  In this embodiment, the waste 103 is assumed to be waste generated by the earthquake disaster, the wood waste such as timber is the most, the waste plastic is the next, and other components 103A such as scrap and concrete waste are included. Yes. In addition, the waste may be the waste generated when the wooden house is broken as it is, the waste generated at the construction site of a new building, or the like. The type is not limited to this embodiment.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, the guide walls 107 (height H1) that are higher than the height H2 of the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 are backhoes BH1 to BH4. And the steel conveyor 106 and between the steel conveyor 106 and the component mounting portion 108. Further, the guide wall 107 is provided between the waste placement unit 102 and the component placement unit 108, between the work machine placement unit 104 and the residue placement unit 110, and between the component placement unit 108 and the residue. It is provided to partition the mounting unit 110 and the component mounting unit 108. In other words, a guide wall 107 is provided so as to surround each of the placement units 102, 108, 110 and the work machine placement unit 104. And the waste mounting part 102 and the work machine arrangement | positioning part 104 are the embankment M on the ground G (The embankment M and the ground G are not in the state where the soil is exposed, and concrete etc. may be laid. ) And higher than the level of the ground G (for example, raised by about 2 m). Note that the guide wall and the fill M as described above are not necessarily required.

  Hereinafter, each component related to the waste sorting processing facility 100 will be described in detail. The configuration of the backhoe BH (BH1 to BH5) will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste placement unit 102 is provided at a position near the tip of the steel conveyor 106. The waste 103 is placed on the waste placement unit 102. Although not shown, a slope that rises from the level of the ground G and leads to the waste placement unit 102 is provided on the extension line of the steel conveyor 106. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2B, the transport vehicle TR on which the waste 103 is mounted moves on the slope and arrives at the waste placement unit 102, where the waste 103 can be placed. As shown in FIG. 2B, the embankment M of the waste placement unit 102 is inclined (inclined surface S), and is smoothly continuous with the upper surface of the steel conveyor 106. That is, the waste 103 can be smoothly placed on the steel conveyor 106 from the waste placement portion 102.

  A backhoe (second working machine) BH5 is disposed beside the waste 103, that is, on the far side in the Y direction of the waste placement unit 102 in FIG. The backhoe BH5 places the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 in order to transport the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106. The place where the backhoe BH5 is arranged is also filled with a fill M horizontally.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality (four) of backhoes BH <b> 1 to BH <b> 4 are arranged in the work machine arrangement unit 104. The backhoes BH <b> 1 to BH <b> 4 face the steel conveyor 106 and are arranged side by side in the conveyance direction (X direction) of the waste 103, and the constituent 103 </ b> A constituting the waste 103 can be removed from the steel conveyor 106. Has been. In the present embodiment, the backhoes BH1 and BH2 are configured to roughly sort the constituent 103A having the same sorting target, that is, wood waste, from the waste 103. The backhoe BH3 is configured to roughly sort out the waste 103 different from the waste 103, which is a component 103A having a different sorting target, that is, wood waste. The backhoe BH4 is further configured to roughly sort the scrap 103 and the scrap of concrete different from the waste 103, such as the constituent 103A having different sorting targets, that is, wood chips and waste plastic. That is, of the four backhoes BH1 to BH4, three backhoes BH1 (BH2), BH3, and BH4 are configured to roughly sort the components 103A having different sorting objects (at least two or more of the backhoes BH1 to BH4). It suffices that the backhoe BH roughly sorts the constituents 103A having different sorting targets). The backhoes BH1 (BH2) and BH3, which are to be sorted with respect to the waste wood 103 and the next largest waste plastic among the constituent 103A in the waste 103, are arranged upstream of the steel conveyor 106. They are arranged in that order. At the same time, the backhoes BH1 and BH2 that select the wood waste that is the component 103A that accounts for a large proportion of the waste 103 in the component 103A are two (of course, may be one, 2 or more). In the present embodiment, four backhoes BH1 to BH4 that are roughly sorted according to the number and quantity of the roughly sorted component 103A are set to four, but it is sufficient that the number is two or more.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the steel conveyor 106 is disposed between the work machine placement unit 104 and the component placement unit 108, and the waste 103 placed from the waste placement unit 102 is left as a residue placement unit. 110 (i.e., the steel conveyor 106 is disposed approximately at the center of the waste sorting equipment 100). In this embodiment, the steel conveyor 106 is about 20 m long. The feed speed of the steel conveyor 106 is set to several m or less per minute, but this feed speed can be determined by the balance between the rough sorting speed of the backhoes BH1 to BH4 and the input amount of the waste 103. The steel conveyor 106 has a structure in which the waste 103 is placed so that there is no mechanical damage or failure even if the waste 103 is placed or a grapple (described later) of the backhoe BH is hit. The upper plate is made of steel. (Conversely, if the waste 103 is placed or the grapple of the backhoe BH hits, there is no need to be a steel conveyor 106 as long as there is no mechanical damage or failure. ).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the component placement unit 108 is disposed to face the steel conveyor 106. More specifically, the component placement unit 108 is disposed on the opposite side of the backhoes BH1 to BH4 with the steel conveyor 106 interposed therebetween. Then, the components 103A removed from the steel conveyor 106 by the opposing backhoes BH1 to BH4 are mounted on the component mounting unit 108, respectively. In the component placement unit 108, the location, order, and size of the placement units 108 </ b> A to 108 </ b> D of each component 103 </ b> A are determined based on the number, amount, and size of the component 103 </ b> A that constitutes the waste 103. ing. That is, if the number of components 103A to be selected increases, the number of (partition) of the component placement units 108 increases accordingly (however, at least the number of (partition) of the component placement units 108 is 2 or more. ). In the present embodiment, the component 103A has the largest amount of wood waste, followed by waste plastic, and scrap and concrete waste. For this reason, the component placement unit 108 includes a four-part placement unit including a wood chip placement unit 108A, a waste plastic placement unit 108B, a scrap placement unit 108C, and a concrete waste placement unit 108D. It is arranged from the upstream side of the steel conveyor 106. And the space of each mounting part 108A-108D is widened in the order. Each component 103A placed is mounted on a transport vehicle by a backhoe (not shown) and transported to a predetermined processing facility.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the residue 111 placed on the steel conveyor 106 is placed on the residue placement unit 110. Here, the steel conveyor 106 is set to be higher than the level of the ground G as shown in FIGS. For this reason, the residue 111 falling from the steel conveyor 106 is placed on the level of the ground G. That is, since the level of the ground G is not dug down, the remnants 111 can be easily accumulated by, for example, a wheel loader provided with a bucket. Note that the residue 111 is formed by removing the component 103A from the waste 103 placed on the steel conveyor 106 with the backhoes BH1 to BH4 and is light and small. The residue 111 is accumulated in the residue mounting unit 110 and is transported to a facility for performing a finishing selection process.

  Next, the configuration of the backhoes BH1 to BH5 (BH) will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3, 4A, and 4B. In the present embodiment, all the backhoes BH1 to BH5 have the same configuration. However, since the backhoes BH1 to BH4 are used for rough sorting, they are small (for example, 0.25 class), and the backhoe BH5 is used for loading the waste 103 (for example, 0.7 class). ). For this reason, the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can realize quick rough sorting, and the backhoe BH5 can load a large amount of waste 103 at a time on the steel conveyor 106 (the size of the backhoes BH1 to BH5 is not necessarily limited to this). Absent).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the backhoe BH includes a vehicle body 120, an arm body 127, and a grapple (gripping mechanism) 140. The vehicle body 120 includes a crawler type traveling body 122, a turning mechanism 124, and a turning body 126. In other words, the swing body 126 is rotatable with respect to the traveling body 122 by the swing mechanism 124. The revolving body 126 is provided with a driver's seat 126A. The driver's seat 126A has a sealable configuration, can block rain and wind, and can be adjusted in temperature by an air conditioner. That is, the driver can stably operate the backhoe BH regardless of the weather. An arm body 127 that can swing up and down is attached to the revolving body 126.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the arm body 127 includes a boom 128 attached to the swing body 126 and an arm 132 attached to the tip of the boom 128. The arm 132 can be swung by the cylinder mechanism 130. A grapple 140 that holds the component 103A is attached to the tip of the arm 132. The grapple 140 can be swung by a cylinder mechanism 134 via a link mechanism 136. That is, it can be said that the backhoe BH includes the grapple 140 that holds the component 103A and is movable up and down and left and right. The grapples 140 of the backhoes BH1 to BH4 are configured to grip the component 103A on the steel conveyor 106 and move to the component placement unit 108. The backhoe BH5 can place the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 by the grapple 140 in order to transport the waste 103 by the steel conveyor 106.

  The grapple 140 includes a bracket 146, a frame 150, a first gripping portion 160, a second gripping portion 162, and blade plates 174 and 176, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 (A), (B), and FIG. 5. The bracket 146 is provided with a swing shaft 142 and a link shaft 144. The swing shaft 142 engages with the arm 132 described above, and the link shaft 144 engages with the link mechanism 136 described above. For this reason, the bracket 146 is driven to swing around the swing shaft 142. A rotation mechanism 148 is provided at the tip of the bracket 146, and the frame 150 is rotatably attached to the bracket 146 via the rotation mechanism 148. That is, the grapple 140 includes a rotation mechanism 148 that integrally rotates the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 (also referred to as a pair of gripping portions).

  As shown in FIG. 4A, two attachment shafts 152 and 154 are provided at the front end of the frame 150. The attachment shafts 152 and 154 respectively attach the first gripping part 160 and the second gripping part 162 to be rotatable. As shown in FIG. 4B, a link mechanism 158 is configured on the base side (the frame 150 side) of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162. The frame 150 is provided with a cylinder mechanism 156, and the piston 156A of the cylinder mechanism 156 also constitutes a link mechanism 158. That is, when the cylinder mechanism 156 is driven, the tips of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 (a pair of gripping portions) can be approached and separated with the mounting shafts 152 and 154 as fulcrums. In other words, the second gripping part 162 is opposed to the first gripping part 160 and can be moved closer to and away from the first gripping part 160.

Each of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 is composed of three fork members 164 and two fork members 164 as shown in FIGS. The fork member 164 has a shape that is narrowed at the tip portion 164B and a shape that is curved so that the tip portion 164B is directed inward. A plurality (three in this case) of convex portions 164A are provided on the inner surface of the fork member 164 facing each other. In the first gripping portion 160, as shown in FIG. 4B, three fork members 164 are integrated (by welding or the like) at the end portion with a connecting member 166 and at an intermediate portion with an intermediate connecting member 170. In the second gripping portion 162, the connecting member 168 the two fork member 164 at the end, more (welding, etc.) to the intermediate connecting member at an intermediate portion are integrated. The fork members 164 of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 are alternately arranged, and if there are no blade plates 174 and 176, they are alternately crossed and meshed at the position of the intermediate connecting member 170. . Blade plates 174 and 176 are integrally attached (by welding or the like) to the distal end portions of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 (the distal end portion 164B of the fork member 164), respectively. In other words, the pair of blade plates 174 and 176 has the fork members 164 in each of the pair of gripping portions 160 and 162 (that is, in the present embodiment, the first gripping portion 160 has three fork members 164 and a second gripping portion). The portion 162 is composed of two fork members 164, and the fork members may be supported and fixed integrally by the tip portions 164B of the fork members. That is, only the tip 164B of the fork member 164 is covered with the blade plates 174 and 176.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the blade plate 174 (176) includes an outer plate portion 174A (176A) and a connecting plate portion 174C (176C). The widths W of the outer plate portions 174A and 176A are made equal. The outer plate portion 174A (176A) is formed by a straight plane except that it is slightly bent at the bending position 174B (176B) (the outer plate portion is a curved surface following the outer surface shape of the fork member). Also good). For this reason, the rigidity of the entire outer plate portion 174A (176A) is enhanced by the presence of the bent position 174B (176B). Then, three blade plates 174 (176) are arranged in the direction in which three (two) fork members 164 are arranged (the vertical direction in FIG. 4B and the width direction of the blade plates 174 and 176). projecting portion of the width W (the width W as a fork member 164 of the two) projecting outward are the projecting portion 174 D. (that is, than the width due to the fork member 164 of the three (2) The width W of the blade plate 174 (176) is increased.) That is, the connecting plate portion 174C (176C) is arranged in the direction in which the fork members 164 are arranged (width direction) as viewed from the side surface of the grapple 140 shown in FIG. ), The rigidity of the protruding portion 174D (outside plate portion 174A (176A)) protruding outward from the fork member 164 is improved.

  When the blade plate 174 (176) is integrally supported and fixed along the outer side surface 164BB of the tip portion 164B of the fork member 164, the inner side surface 174AB (176AB) of the outer plate portion 174A (176A) is shown in FIG. Joined in contact with the outer side surface 164BB of the front end portion 164B of the fork member 164 at least at two locations when viewed from the front of the grapple shown in FIG. At the same time, the inner end surface 174CA (176CA) of the connecting plate portion 174C (176C) is in contact with the outer end surface 164C of the fork member 164 located at the end as viewed from the side surface of the grapple 140 shown in FIG. ) Joined. For this reason, this structure produced by the integration of the blade plate 174 (176) with the first gripping portion 160 (second gripping portion 162) can have high rigidity.

  Note that the tip 174AA (176AA) at the tip of the bending position 174B (176B) of the outer plate portion 174A (176A) protrudes from the tip 164B of the fork member 164 (projection length) as shown in FIG. L). For this reason, when viewed from the front of the grapple 140 in FIG. 4A, the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 160 do not cross each other, and the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 are the most. When approaching, only the tip portions 174AA and 176AA of the blade plates 174 and 176 are in linear contact with each other. On the other hand, the side portions 174DA and 176DA of the blade plates 174 and 176 of each other are left separated (FIG. 5). In other words, the grapple 140 is open in the direction in which the fork members 164 are arranged. That is, in the grapple 140, the inner surface of the first gripper 160 and the inner surface of the second gripper 162 or the tip portions of the blade plates 174 and 176 are brought into contact with the first gripper 160 and the second gripper 162. The component 103A can be held by 174AA and 176AA. The material of the blade plates 174 and 176 is more preferably a steel material (for example, tungsten carbide) that is the same as or more rigid than the fork member 164, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

  Next, a rough sorting procedure in the waste sorting processing facility 100 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.

  First, the transport vehicle TR on which the waste 103 is mounted is moved to the waste placement unit 102 and the waste 103 is placed on the waste placement unit 102. The component 103A of the placed waste 103 is gripped by the grapple 140 of the backhoe BH5 and placed on the steel conveyor 106 (placement of the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 in step S2). In this embodiment, the backhoe BH5 deploys the component 103A on the steel conveyor 106 with the direction adjusted so that the sorting efficiency is roughly sorted and the local object is not unevenly distributed so as not to reduce the work efficiency. The component 103A is placed (however, the backhoe BH5 does not necessarily perform such placement).

  Next, the placed waste 103 is conveyed by the steel conveyor 106 (conveyance of the waste 103 in step S4).

  Next, the four backhoes BH <b> 1 to BH <b> 4 are arranged such that the constituent 103 </ b> A constituting the waste 103 conveyed by the steel conveyor 106 faces the steel conveyor 106 and is aligned in the conveyance direction (X direction) of the waste 103. In step S6, the steel conveyor 106 is removed (the component 103A is removed by the backhoe BH in step S6). That is, the waste wood is removed from the waste 103 with the backhoes BH1 and BH2, the waste plastic is removed from the waste 103 with the backhoe BH3, and the scrap and concrete waste are removed from the waste 103 with the backhoe BH4.

  Next, the component 103A removed from the steel conveyor 106 by the four backhoes BH1 to BH4 facing each other is placed on the component placement unit 108 disposed facing the four backhoes BH1 to BH4 ( The component 103A removed in step S8 is placed on the component placement unit 108). That is, the waste wood removed by the backhoes BH1 and BH2 is placed on the wood waste placement unit 108A, the waste plastic removed by the backhoe BH3 is placed on the waste plastic placement unit 108B, and the scrap and concrete scraps removed by the backhoe BH4 are removed. Are placed on the scrap placement unit 108C and the concrete waste placement unit 108D, respectively.

  Then, the waste 103 that has passed through the backhoe BH4, that is, the residue 111 falls on the ground G by the residue placing unit 110 and is accumulated (accumulation of the residue 111 in step S10). The collected residue 111 is transported to a facility for finishing and sorting with a transport vehicle. Each component 103A placed on the component placing unit 108 is appropriately accumulated and transported to a predetermined processing facility.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the steel conveyor 106 that conveys the waste 103 and the four backhoes BH1 to BH4 that are arranged in parallel with the steel conveyor 106 in the conveyance direction (X direction) of the waste 103. And comprising. For this reason, the backhoes BH1 to BH4 that perform rough selection do not need to move at least in the transport direction (X direction), and collision between the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can be avoided. Nevertheless, each of the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can cope with the rough sorting of all the wastes 103, and the operation can be continued continuously.

  In the three backhoes BH1 (BH2), BH3, and BH4, the components 103A having different sorting targets are roughly sorted from the waste 103. That is, the backhoes BH1 to BH4 respectively share the constituents 103A to be selected (in this embodiment, the backhoes BH1 and BH2 are waste wood, the backhoe BH3 is waste plastic, and the backhoe BH4 is scrap and concrete). Furthermore, the component mounting part 108 (108A-108D) is each arrange | positioned facing backhoe BH1-BH4. Therefore, each of the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can efficiently roughly sort the component 103A and quickly place it on the component placement unit 108.

  Further, the steel conveyor 106 has only a function of transporting the waste 103, and the backhoes BH1 to BH4 are not required to have a special configuration except for a part of the grapple 140, and are four. For this reason, there is little functional load to the steel conveyor 106, and the stable operation | movement of the steel conveyor 106 is possible. When the backhoes BH1 to BH4 are repaired by failure, the remaining backhoe BH can be assigned the work as soon as possible, or the backhoe BH having the same configuration can be quickly replaced and used. That is, unlike Patent Document 1, it is possible to perform stable rough sorting without applying a large load to one device (including equipment and machines), and to prevent the entire rough sorting process from being delayed as much as possible. can do.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the backhoes BH1 and BH2 that select the wood waste that is the constituent 103A having the largest proportion of the waste 103 are arranged at the uppermost stream of the steel conveyor 106, and then the waste 103 The backhoe BH3 that selects the waste plastic, which is the constituent 103A having a large proportion, is arranged next to the backhoe BH2. For this reason, it is possible to remove the wood waste which is the constituent 103A having a high ratio on the upstream side of the steel conveyor 106 and remove the most waste plastic from the waste 103 without the wood waste. That is, not only the work on the upstream side of the steel conveyor 106 is made efficient, but also the work on the downstream side of the steel conveyor 106 can be performed more quickly and efficiently.

  Further, in the present embodiment, there are two backhoes BH for selecting wood waste, which is the component 103 </ b> A having a large proportion of the waste 103. For this reason, it is possible to more quickly remove the wood waste, which is the constituent 103A having a high ratio, from the waste 103. For this reason, the whole rough sorting process can be further speeded up.

  In the present embodiment, the backhoes BH1 to BH4 include the grapple 140 that holds the component 103A and is movable up and down and left and right. For this reason, the component 103A can be easily gripped, and the component 103A can be easily removed from the steel conveyor 106.

  In the present embodiment, the grapple 140 is provided, and the backhoe BH5 for placing the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 by the grapple 140 in order to transport the waste 103 by the steel conveyor 106 is provided. For this reason, when the waste 103 is placed on the steel conveyor 106, the structure 103A can be easily selected and easily gripped by the backhoes BH1 to BH4. Furthermore, only the component 103A that can be roughly sorted by the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can be placed on the steel conveyor 106. In this case, the waste 103 (residue) remaining in the waste placement unit 102 can be accumulated there and transported to finishing sorting.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the component mounting part 108 is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the backhoes BH1-BH4 on both sides of the steel conveyor 106, and the grapple 140 of the backhoes BH1-BH4 removes the component 103A on the steel conveyor 106. It can be held and moved to the component mounting part 108. For this reason, the component 103A removed by the backhoes BH1 to BH4 can be reliably placed on the component placement unit 108. At the same time, even if the amount of the component 103A placed on the component placement unit 108 becomes large, the component 103A can be carried out from the waste sorting processing facility 100 without interrupting the operations of the backhoes BH1 to BH4. Is possible.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the guide wall 107 (height H1) made higher than the height H2 of the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 is between the backhoes BH1 to BH4 and the steel conveyor 106, and the steel conveyor 106. And the component placement unit 108. For this reason, it can prevent that the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 collapse | crumbles to the backhoe BH1-BH4 side, and reduces workability | operativity of the backhoe BH1-BH4. Further, it is possible to prevent the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 from colliding with the component 103A that has already been roughly sorted by collapsing toward the component placement unit 108.

  In the present embodiment, the grapple 140 includes a first gripping portion 160 and a second gripping portion 162. In addition, blade plates 174 and 176 are integrally provided at the distal ends of the first grip 160 and the second grip 162, respectively. Furthermore, when the 1st holding part 160 and the 2nd holding part 162 approach most, the front-end | tip part of a mutual blade board 174,176 is made to contact. In addition, the component 103A can be gripped by the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 approaching each other. For this reason, it is possible to roughly sort up to the waste 103 having a halfway size (which is difficult to grip with a conventional work machine and large for an operator to pick up). In other words, the waste sorting facility 100 can roughly sort the constituent 103A that is finer and thinner than the conventional one.

Incidentally, when the actual processing time along the present embodiment was compared with the prior art, it was possible to improve the sorting speed doubles than. Specifically, 20 m ³ of waste 103, which took 1 hour in the conventional rough sorting (rough sorting by one backhoe and six workers), was used for the rough sorting of this embodiment (using five backhoes BH). Rough sorting) could be done for 30 minutes or less. Actually, the components roughly sorted manually by the worker cannot be limited to light ones, and there are correspondingly heavy ones. For this reason, the worker becomes tired and the concentration is reduced as the working time becomes longer. In other words, conventionally, work efficiency decreases as work time increases. That is, under the condition that rough sorting is performed for a long time, the present embodiment can sort much more waste 103 than the conventional one.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the work efficiency and stably sort the waste 103 while ensuring the safety in work.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. That is, it goes without saying that improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the backhoes BH1 and BH2 that select the wood waste, which is the component 103A having the largest proportion of the waste 103, are arranged at the uppermost stream of the steel conveyor 106, and then the waste 103 The backhoe BH3 for selecting the waste plastic, which is the constituent 103A having a large proportion, is arranged next to the backhoe BH2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the backhoe is not necessarily arranged in this order. There is no need.

  In the above embodiment, the two backhoes BH for selecting the wood waste, which is the constituent 103A having a large proportion of the waste 103, are two, but the present invention is not limited to this. There is no need to distribute the number of units. For example, the number of backhoes at this time may be two or more, or may be one.

  In the above embodiment, the backhoes BH1 to BH4 include the grapple 140 that grips the component 103A and is movable up and down and left and right. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the backhoe is a grapple. There is no need to provide such a gripping mechanism. Furthermore, the backhoe may be provided with a suction mechanism or the like instead of the gripping mechanism.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the backhoe BH5 which mounts the waste material 103 on the steel conveyor 106 with the grapple 140 was provided, this invention is not limited to this, originally there is no backhoe and it is directly from a transport vehicle. Waste may be placed on a steel conveyor.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the component mounting part 108 is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the backhoes BH1-BH4 on both sides of the steel conveyor 106, and the grapple 140 of the backhoes BH1-BH4 is a component on the steel conveyor 106. Although 103A was hold | gripped and it was enabled to move to the component mounting part 108, this invention is not limited to this. For example, the component placement unit may be disposed between the steel conveyor and the backhoe.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the guide wall 107 (height H1) made higher than the height H2 of the waste 103 on the steel conveyor 106 is between the backhoes BH1 to BH4 and the steel conveyor 106, and the steel conveyor 106. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the guide wall may not be provided in the first place.

  In the above embodiment, the grapple 140 includes the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162. In addition, blade plates 174 and 176 were integrally provided at the distal ends of the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162, respectively. Furthermore, when the 1st holding | grip part 160 and the 2nd holding part 162 approached closest, the front-end | tip part of the mutual blade board 174,176 was made to contact. In addition, the component 103A can be gripped by the first gripping portion 160 and the second gripping portion 162 approaching each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a conventional grapple without a blade plate may be used as it is.

  In the present invention, the waste material (crude material to be sorted) of the backhoe (first working machine) and the waste material (residual waste) that is not to be sorted by the backhoe are disposed before the steel conveyor (conveyor). A separation device for separating the product). In that case, only the rough sorting object can be placed on the steel conveyor. In other words, the coarse sorting object is placed on the steel conveyor without being obstructed by the residue in a reduced amount compared to the (initial) waste including the residue and the coarse sorting object. For this reason, it becomes possible to perform rough sorting efficiently with the first work machine. In addition, the residue separated by the separation device can be accumulated there and conveyed to finishing sorting. As a separation apparatus, what is necessary is just to provide the structure which can screen a waste by the size of a structure. As in the above-described embodiment, the rough sorting object may be placed on a steel conveyor with a backhoe, or the rough sorting object may be used by using a conveyor or the like from a separation device without using a backhoe. May be placed on a steel conveyor.

  The present invention can be widely applied to rough sorting of waste.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Waste sorting processing equipment 102 ... Waste mounting part 103 ... Waste 103A ... Component 104 ... Work machine arrangement | positioning part 106 ... Steel conveyor 107 ... Guide wall 108 ... Component mounting part 108A ... Wood waste mounting part 108B ... Waste plastic placement section 108C ... Scrap placement section 108D ... Concrete debris placement section 110 ... Remnant place placement section 111 ... Remnant place 120 ... Car body 122 ... Traveling body 124 ... Revolving mechanism 126 ... Revolving body 127 ... Arm body 128 ... Boom 130, 134, 156 ... Cylinder mechanism 132 ... Arm 136, 158 ... Link mechanism 140 ... Grapple 142 ... Swing shaft 144 ... Link shaft 146 ... Bracket 148 ... Rotation mechanism 150 ... Frame 152, 154 ... Mounting shaft 160 ... First 1 gripping part 162 ... second gripping part 164 ... fork member 1 6,168 ... connecting member 17 0 ... intermediate connecting member 174, 176 ... blade plate BH, BH1~BH5 ... backhoe

Claims (11)

In a waste sorting facility that roughly sorts waste,
A conveyor for conveying the waste;
A plurality of first work machines that are arranged in parallel with the conveying direction of the waste so as to face the conveyor, and that can remove components constituting the waste from the conveyor,
A plurality of component placement units on which the components removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines opposed to each other are placed;
With
Each of the plurality of first work machines includes a crawler type traveling body, a revolving body rotatable with respect to the traveling body, a vertically swingable arm body attached to the revolving body, and the arm body And a gripping mechanism that can be moved up and down and left and right by gripping the component, and is a backhoe that is operated by a driver.
The waste sorting processing facility, wherein at least two or more first working machines among the plurality of first working machines are configured to roughly sort the components having different sorting targets. In the waste sorting and processing facility according to claim 1,
The waste sorting processing facility, wherein the first work machine that selects the constituents that occupy a large proportion of the waste is disposed upstream of the conveyor. In the waste sorting and processing facility according to claim 1 or 2,
The waste sorting processing facility characterized in that the number of the first work machines that select the constituents that account for a large proportion of the waste is the number of the first working machines. In the waste sorting and processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A waste sorting processing facility, comprising: a gripping mechanism; and a second working machine for placing the waste on the conveyor by the gripping mechanism in order to transport the waste by the conveyor. In the waste sorting and processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The component placement unit is disposed on the opposite side of the first work machine across the conveyor,
The waste sorting processing facility, wherein the gripping mechanism of the first work machine is capable of gripping the component on the conveyor and moving it to the component mounting unit. In the waste sorting and processing facility according to claim 5 ,
The guide wall that is higher than the height of the waste on the conveyor is provided between the first work machine and the conveyor and between the conveyor and the component placement unit. Waste sorting and processing equipment. In the waste sorting and processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ,
The gripping mechanism includes a first gripping portion and a second gripping portion that faces the first gripping portion and relatively approaches and separates from the first gripping portion,
A blade plate is integrally provided at the tip of the first gripping part and the second gripping part,
When the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are closest, the tip portions of the blade plates are brought into contact with each other,
The waste sorting processing facility, wherein the component can be gripped by the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion approaching each other. In the waste sorting and processing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
A waste device for separating the waste into a waste to be sorted by the first work machine and a waste that is not to be sorted by the first work machine at a stage preceding the conveyor. Sorting equipment. In a waste sorting method for roughly sorting waste,
The first work machine for roughly sorting the waste includes a crawler-type traveling body, a revolving body that is rotatable with respect to the traveling body, and an arm body that is swingable up and down attached to the revolving body, A backhoe which is attached to the tip of the arm body so as to be swingable so as to grip a component constituting the waste and to be movable up and down and left and right and which is operated by a driver. And
Conveying the waste on a conveyor;
It said composition being transported by the conveyor, respectively by a plurality of the first working machine is disposed to face to the conveyor arranged in the conveying direction of the waste, a step of removing from the said conveyor,
Placing each of the components removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines facing each other on a plurality of component placement units disposed facing the plurality of first work machines; ,
Including
The waste sorting processing method, wherein at least two or more first working machines out of the plurality of first working machines roughly sort the components having different sorting targets. In a waste sorting facility that roughly sorts waste,
A conveyor for conveying the waste;
A plurality of first work machines that are arranged in parallel with the conveying direction of the waste so as to face the conveyor, and that can remove components constituting the waste from the conveyor,
A plurality of component placement units on which the components removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines opposed to each other are placed;
With
At least two or more first work machines out of the plurality of first work machines are configured to roughly sort the components having different sorting objects from each other.
The first work machine includes a gripping mechanism that grips the component and is movable up, down, left, and right.
The component placement unit is disposed on the opposite side of the first work machine across the conveyor,
The gripping mechanism of the first work machine is configured to grip the component on the conveyor and move to the component mounting unit;
Guide walls that are higher than the height of the waste on the conveyor are provided between the first work machine and the conveyor, and between the conveyor and the component placement unit.
Waste sorting facility characterized by that. In a waste sorting facility that roughly sorts waste,
A conveyor for conveying the waste;
A plurality of first work machines that are arranged in parallel with the conveying direction of the waste so as to face the conveyor, and that can remove components constituting the waste from the conveyor,
A plurality of component placement units on which the components removed from the conveyor by the plurality of first work machines opposed to each other are placed;
With
At least two or more first work machines out of the plurality of first work machines are configured to roughly sort the components having different sorting objects from each other.
The first work machine includes a gripping mechanism that grips the component and is movable up, down, left, and right.
The gripping mechanism includes a first gripping portion and a second gripping portion that faces the first gripping portion and relatively approaches and separates from the first gripping portion,
A blade plate is integrally provided at the tip of the first gripping part and the second gripping part,
When the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion are closest, the tip portions of the blade plates are brought into contact with each other,
The component can be gripped by the first gripping portion and the second gripping portion approaching each other.
Waste sorting facility characterized by that.

Images