JP2011063233A - Overhaul method and passenger car overhaul method and overhaul system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an overhaul method and an overhaul system which can efficiently carry out an overhaul operation of a long object to be overhauled to which an attaching member is attached. <P>SOLUTION: In the overhaul method, the object to be overhauled is rotated on an axis in the longitudinal direction so that the inner surface to which the attaching member of the object to be overhauled may be an operating surface to separate and discharge S4 the attaching member of the object to be overhauled on the operating surface, and to press and cut S5 the object to be overhauled from which the attaching member is separated, thereby forming a waste material lump of a prescribed dimension. The overhaul system includes an overhaul means for detaching a fixing member of an under carriage of the object to be overhauled, a separating means of the under carriage of the object to be overhauled, a cutting means of a cord member extending between the under carriage and a vehicle body, a grinding means for removing window glass from a window frame of the vehicle body, an overhauling rotary unit for rotating the vehicle body on the axis in the longitudinal direction so that the inner surface coated with an interior member of the vehicle body is the operating surface, a peeling means of the interior member of the vehicle body on the operating surface, and a pressing and cutting means for changing the vehicle body from which the interior member is separated to the waste material lump of the prescribed dimension. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dismantling method, a passenger car dismantling method, and a vehicle dismantling system for disassembling long vehicles such as passenger cars and buses.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a scrap processing yard for dismantling a waste such as an automobile and performing separate collection for each same type of material is known. In the scrap processing yard, a discarded car is carried and a series of processes such as dismantling, breaking, and sorting are performed.

JP 2007-168969 A

  However, since the scrap processing yard for automobiles is a facility that assumes the dismantling work of relatively small objects to be demolished such as automobiles, passenger cars such as passenger cars, trains, diesel vehicles, buses, tanks, etc. In order to disassemble a long object to be disassembled to which a glass member or an interior member or the like is attached, it cannot be said that it is efficient. In fact, when dismantling a passenger car with the current equipment, it took about one week for six workers, and it was difficult to further improve the work efficiency.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above, and provides a dismantling method, a passenger car dismantling method, and a dismantling system that can be efficiently dismantled by attaching a mounting member to a long object to be disassembled. With the goal.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention provides a disassembling method for disassembling a long object to be disassembled to which an attachment member is attached, in which the attachment member of the object to be disassembled is attached. The disassembled object is rotated about its longitudinal axis so that the inner surface becomes the work surface, and the attachment member of the dismantled object on the work surface is peeled off and discharged (S4). The peeled material to be peeled is pressed and cut (S5) to form a lump of waste material having a predetermined size.

  Furthermore, the dismantling method of the present invention sorts the discharged interior member according to its dimensions (S8).

  In the disassembling method of the present invention, the scrap lump (U) having the predetermined dimensions is crushed to form crushed pieces (S6).

  Further, in the disassembling method of the present invention, the crushed pieces are separated according to the material (S7).

  Furthermore, the dismantling method of the present invention sorts the discharged interior member according to its dimensions (S8).

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a dismantling method for disassembling a passenger car including a vehicle body covered with an interior member and having a window glass, and a chassis to which the chassis is fixed. The vehicle body is separated from the vehicle body (S2), the window glass is removed from the vehicle body (S3), and the vehicle body is moved in the longitudinal direction so that the inner surface covered with the mounting member of the vehicle body becomes the work surface. Rotating about the axis, peeling and discharging the interior member of the vehicle body on the work surface (S4), pressing and cutting the vehicle body from which the interior member has been peeled (S5), and forming a lump of waste material of a predetermined size To do.

  Furthermore, in the passenger car dismantling method of the present invention, the inner surface having the interior member is a ceiling surface, a floor surface, one side surface, and the other side surface of the vehicle body, and the ceiling surface, the floor surface, and one side surface. And the interior member is peeled in the order of the other side surface.

  Furthermore, the passenger car dismantling method of the present invention sorts the discharged interior members according to their dimensions (S8).

  Furthermore, in the passenger car dismantling method of the present invention, the separated chassis is cut (S8), the cut waste material is crushed (S9), and crushed pieces are formed.

  Furthermore, in the passenger car dismantling method of the present invention, the waste material lump of the predetermined size is crushed to form crushed pieces (S6).

  Furthermore, the passenger car dismantling method of the present invention sorts the crushed pieces according to the material (S7).

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a dismantling system for disassembling a long object to be disassembled, in order to remove a fixing member that fixes a vehicle body to a chassis of the object to be disassembled. Disassembling means, separating means for separating the vehicle body from the chassis of the object to be disassembled, cutting means for cutting a cord member extending between the chassis and the vehicle body, and a window glass from the window frame of the vehicle body Crushing means, a dismantling rotary unit for rotating the vehicle body about its longitudinal axis so that the inner surface of the vehicle body covered with the interior member is a work surface, and the work surface. A peeling means for peeling off an interior member of the vehicle body; and a pressing / cutting means for turning the vehicle body from which the interior member has been peeled into a lump of waste material having a predetermined size.

  Furthermore, according to the dismantling system of the present invention, the elongated object to be disassembled is a passenger car including a vehicle body that is covered with the interior member and has a window glass, and a chassis on which the vehicle body is fixed.

  According to the dismantling method, the passenger car dismantling method, and the dismantling system according to the present invention, a series of dismantling operations is performed from the beginning by providing a device that is fitted with a mounting member and that is suitable for the dismantling operation of a long object to be dismantled. It can be almost automated until the end. As a result, there is an effect that the work efficiency of the dismantling work can be significantly improved.

It is a flowchart of the dismantling method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the process of removing a vehicle body from the chassis in embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the process of removing a window glass from the vehicle body in embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the rotation unit for dismantling in embodiment. It is a front view of the rotation unit for dismantling in an embodiment. It is VI-VI arrow line view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows one process of pressing the vehicle body in embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the other process of pressing the vehicle body in embodiment. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the scrap crushing / sorting equipment in the embodiment. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the process of cutting a chassis with a steel cutter working machine.

  Below, the dismantling method which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing. Note that this embodiment does not limit the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a dismantling method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a process of removing a vehicle body from a chassis in the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a window glass from the vehicle body in the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the dismantling rotary unit, FIG. 5 is a front view of the dismantling rotary unit according to the embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing one step of pressing the vehicle body in the embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another step of pressing the vehicle body in the embodiment. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the scrap crushing / sorting equipment, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 9, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the process of cut | disconnectingFor the sake of clarity, the fixing member 5 for fixing the drive gear 21 to the housing 3 is omitted from FIG. 4 and the vehicle body S is omitted from FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle 151 that is the object to be disassembled is transferred to the dismantling field through a track 153 that is a lead-in line (step S1 in FIG. 1). Here, the vehicle 151 includes a chassis 157 including wheels 155 that roll on the track R, and a vehicle body S that is fixed to the chassis 157 and carries personnel. In addition, in the vehicle 151 transferred to the dismantling site, the seats arranged inside the vehicle body are removed in advance.

First, fixing members (not shown) such as bolts and nuts that connect the vehicle body S and the chassis 157 are removed by a known working machine (not shown), and the hook of the hook block 159 that can be raised and lowered by a separating means, that is, a crane. The lower edge portion of the vehicle body S is held and lifted by a substantially U-shaped suspension member 163 fixed to 161. The cords 169 extending between the vehicle body S and the chassis 157 are cut by the cutting means of the work machine 167, that is, the cutter 165 (step S2 in FIG. 1).

The vehicle body S from which the cords 169 are cut and completely separated from the chassis 157 is suspended by the suspension member 163 of the crane, and is transferred to a window glass removing process for removing the window glass 171 (step S3 in FIG. 1). .

As shown in FIG. 3, in order to crush the window glass 171, the glass crushing work machine 210 which is a crushing means is used. The glass crushing work machine 210 includes a work machine main body and an endless track portion 227 that moves the work machine main body. The work machine main body is mounted on the endless track portion 227 so as to be able to turn, a boom 211 that moves up and down, an operation cabin 213 on which a pilot rides, and a boom 211 that is rotatably mounted. It has a glass crushing jig 229 and a recovery bucket 217 that collects the crushing glass. The glass crushing jig 229 includes a plate-like base portion 229a and a crushing portion attached to the base portion 229a. The crushing part has a conical shape with a sharp point and is composed of a plurality of protruding members 229b.

Further, the boom 211, the operation cabin 213, and the recovery bucket 217 are mounted on the gantry stage 212 and can be changed in direction according to the turning of the gantry stage 212. Further, the boom 211 can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction on the paper surface of FIG. The connecting boom 224 that extends from the boom 211 and is connected to the glass crushing jig 229 at the tip can be bent, and the direction of the glass crushing jig 229 can be freely changed.

The first window glass 171 is pierced by the glass crushing jig 229 from the outside of the vehicle body S, and the crushed glass pieces fall into the vehicle body S. Next, the glass crushing jig 229 that breaks through the window glass 171 and enters the vehicle body S breaks and crushes the adjacent window glass 171 from the inside to the outside of the vehicle body S. The crushed glass pieces fall from the window frame and are collected in the collection bucket 217. When all the window glass 171 is removed and the glass crushing jig 229 is moved out of the vehicle body S, the process of removing the window glass is completed. In addition, the glass piece first crushed and remaining inside the vehicle body S may be collected in the window glass removing step (step S3) or may be collected in the next interior member removing step (step S4). Good.

Next, the vehicle body S from which the window glass has been removed proceeds to the interior member removal step (step S4). The interior member removing step (step S4) is a step for removing the decorative member covering the side walls 105 and 107 of the vehicle body S and the inner surface of the ceiling 109, and is performed using the dismantling rotary unit 1. Note that the removal of the window glass 171 is not limited to the configuration performed using the glass crushing work machine 210 described above, and is performed using another crushing tool while rotating the vehicle body using the disassembly rotating unit described below. Also good.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the disassembly rotation unit 1 includes a plurality of disassembly rotation devices 100, and the plurality of disassembly rotation devices 100 are equally spaced so that the rotation axes X are aligned with each other. Has been placed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotation axis X of the dismantling rotating device 100 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle body S. Further, the disassembling rotating devices 100 have the same size and the same shape, and are configured to operate in synchronization with the control unit 11. Here, one disassembly rotating device 100 will be described.

The casing 3 of the rotating device 100 is disposed on a bottom portion 15b of a base portion 15 to be described later so that concave portions 24a and 26a of a pair of loader guide path constituting members 24 and 26 are aligned with a track groove 172 provided on the ground T. A part of the casing 3 is buried in the ground. Details of the loader guiding path constituting members 24 and 26 and the raceway groove 172 will be described later. As shown in FIG. 1, the housing 3 extends over the entire length of the dismantling rotary unit 1 and functions as a housing of all the dismantling rotating devices 100.

The dismantling rotating device 100 mainly includes a gate-shaped housing 3 and a vehicle body S, and a frame body 5 that is rotatably attached to the housing 3. Fixing means for fixing the frame body 5, that is, the fixing member 7, rotating means for rotating the frame body 5, that is, the motor 9, and the control unit 11 that is a control means for controlling the motor 9 and the fixing member 7, It has. Each component will be specifically described below.

The housing 3 has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and fixed portions 23 that rotatably support the drive gear 21 that is a spur gear are fixed to four corner portions inside the housing 3. In addition, a motor 9 serving as a driving unit is disposed on the top of the housing 3. An endless belt 12 made of an elastic material is wound around a driving pulley 10 attached to the rotating shaft 9a of the motor 9 and a driven pulley (not shown) fixed coaxially to the rotating shaft 21a of the driving gear 21. . Accordingly, the rotational force from the motor 9 is transmitted to the drive gear 21 via the endless belt 12. As a means for transmitting the rotational force, instead of using a pulley and an endless belt, a configuration using a plurality of sprockets and a chain wound around the sprocket, or a configuration connecting a plurality of gears may be used.

The frame 5 has an annular base 17 and a rectangular support 15 inscribed in the base 17. The base portion 17 is disposed so that the rotation axis X of the base portion 17 passes at a position substantially equidistant from the rotation shafts 21 a of the four drive gears 21. A gear portion 17 a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 17, and the gear portion 21 b of the drive gear 21 meshes with the gear portion 17 a of the base portion 17, whereby the rotational force of the drive gear 21 is transmitted to the base portion 17.

Each corner portion of the support portion 15 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the base portion 17, and each side portion 15 a to 15 d constituting the support portion 15 is connected to the base portion 17 by a rib 22. In the present embodiment, the support portion 15 is dimensioned so as to surround the periphery of the vehicle body S along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body S. Accordingly, the base portion 17 that extends to the outside of the support portion 15 is also sized so as to surround the periphery of the vehicle body S along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body S. The frame body 5 and the support portion 15 are each formed from a single member. For example, the frame body 5 and the support portion 15 are formed from a plurality of members so that the frame body 5 and the support portion 15 can be divided in the circumferential direction. It is good also as a structure which makes repair, maintenance, etc. easy.

The side portions 15a to 15d are provided with pressing members 27a and 27b, 29a and 29b, 31a and 31b, and 33a and 33b, which are fixing means, respectively. Each pressing member includes a hydraulic cylinder, a telescopic hydraulic piston having one end held in the hydraulic cylinder, and a plate-like member that is connected to the other end of the hydraulic piston and contacts the outer surface of the vehicle body S. Have.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pair of loader guiding path constituting members 24 and 26 extend so as to be bridged between the dismantling rotating devices 100 constituting the rotating device unit 1. The plate-like loader guiding path constituting members 24 and 26 are fixed to the support portion 15, and one end portions of the loader guiding path constituting members 24 and 26 are connected to the side portions 15c and 15a, respectively, and the recessed portion 24a is formed in a concave shape. , 26a are respectively connected to the bottom portion 15c. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the recessed parts 24a and 26a are comprised from the mesh-shaped member which has the fine hole which the interior member 111 etc. which were removed from the vehicle body S can penetrate.

The loader guide path constituting members 24 and 26 which are transport vehicles have recesses 24a and 26a extending in the longitudinal direction with a width slightly larger than the width dimension of the wheels 25a and 27a of the wheel loaders 25 and 27. The distance between the recess 24a and the recess 26a (lateral length dimension in FIG. 5) is dimensioned equally to the distance between the left and right wheels of the wheel loaders 25, 27. Accordingly, when the wheels of the wheel loaders 25 and 27 enter the recesses 24a and 26a from one end side of the disassembly rotary unit 1, the operator proceeds along the recesses 24a and 26a without steering the wheel loaders 25 and 27. It reaches the other end side of the dismantling rotary unit 1. In the present embodiment, the track groove 172 for guiding the loaders 25 and 27 is also provided on the ground T, and the track groove 171 and the loader guide path constituting members 24 and 26 are aligned with each other. There is a relationship.
In the present embodiment, the track groove 171 is provided on the ground T, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the plate members 35 of the pressing members 31 a and 31 b provided on the bottom portion 15 b of the support portion 15 are used to disassemble the vehicle body S to be disassembled introduced into the dismantling rotating device 100. It has a flat surface that also functions as a mounting table. The plate-like member 35 moves up and down as the hydraulic pistons 32a and 32b projecting from the two hydraulic cylinders provided on the bottom portion 15b expand and contract in the vertical direction to apply or release the pressing force to the bottom surface 103 of the vehicle body S. To do.

  Further, the side portions 15a and 15c of the support portion 15 extending along the left and right side surfaces 105 and 107 of the vehicle body S are provided with pressing means having the same configuration except for the arrangement direction. Accordingly, the pressing members 29a and 29b of the support portion 15c located on the left side in FIG. 6 will be described. The upper plate member 37 a and the lower plate member 37 b of the pressing members 29 a and 29 b have flat surfaces that press the left side surface 105 of the vehicle body S introduced into the dismantling rotating device 100.

In the present embodiment, the vertical length of one plate-like member 37a is dimensioned larger than the vertical length of the plate-like member 37b, but it goes without saying that this dimension can be changed as appropriate. The hydraulic pistons protruding from the two hydraulic cylinders provided on the side portion 15c expand and contract in the left-right direction in FIG. Apply or release pressing force.

As described above, the upper plate member 39a and the lower plate member 39b of the side portion 15a are arranged symmetrically with respect to the upper plate member 37a and the lower plate member 37b of the side portion 15c. The upper plate member 39a and the lower plate member 39b of the side portion 15a cooperate with the upper plate member 37a and the lower plate member 37b of the side portion 15c, so that the vehicle body S in the left-right direction of the support portion 15 is obtained. To fix.

Furthermore, two pressing members 33a and 33b having the same configuration are disposed on the upper side portion 15d of the support portion 15 so as to be separated from each other in the longitudinal direction. The plate-like members 41a and 41b of the pressing members 33a and 33b are configured to apply or release a pressing force to the ceiling 109 of the vehicle body S. In addition, since the other structure is the same as that of the press members 29a and 29b mentioned above, it abbreviate | omits description.

The plate-like members 41a and 41b on the upper side portion 15d and the plate-like member 35 on the bottom side portion 15b are arranged to face each other in the vertical direction in FIG. The plate-like member 35 of the bottom side portion 15b cooperates with the plate-like members 41a and 41b of the upper side portion 15d to fix the vehicle body S with respect to the support portion 15 in the vertical direction.

In addition, the dimension of the plate member of the pressing member provided in the side portions 15a and 15c and the upper side portion 15d of the support portion 15 described above is the same. Note that the shapes of the base portion 17 and the support portion 15 and the number and positions of the pressing members can be appropriately changed as long as the vehicle body S can be fixed to the frame body 5.

  Further, the pressing members 27a, 27b, 29a, 29b, 31a, 31b, 33a, 33b provided on the side portions 15a, 15c, the upper side portion 15d, and the bottom side portion 15b of the support portion 15 are respectively control units. 11 can be driven synchronously. Therefore, the expansion / contraction amount of each pressing member can be changed in accordance with the size of the vehicle body S that is the object to be disassembled, and the timing for driving each pressing member can be synchronized with the timing for driving the motor 9.

Although not a constituent element of the dismantling rotating device 100, in this embodiment, the belt conveyor 117 is used as a means for conveying the scraps of the interior member 111 removed from the vehicle body S to the next step. The belt conveyor 117 extends along the longitudinal direction of the rotary unit 1.

Next, a process of performing a dismantling operation using the dismantling rotating device unit 1 will be described.
First, a fixing step of fixing the vehicle body S to the dismantling rotating device unit 1 is performed. As shown in FIG. 4, the front part and the rear part of the vehicle body S removed from the chassis are respectively held by the wheel loaders 25 and 27 and are positioned horizontally near the ground T in the initial state. It is placed on the plate-like member 35 of the rotating device unit 1.

  Thereafter, the pressing members 27a, 27b, 29a, and 29b of the side portions 15a and 15c come into contact with the left and right side surfaces 105 and 107 of the vehicle body S, and the movement of the vehicle body S in the left and right direction in FIG. Further, the pressing members 33 a and 33 b of the upper side portion 15 d abut against the ceiling 109 of the vehicle body S, the movement of the vehicle body S in the vertical direction in FIG. 5 is restricted, and the vehicle body S is fixed to the frame body 5.

  Next, the process proceeds to a removal step of removing the interior member 111 on the inner surface of the vehicle body S. The removing process includes a rotating process, a peeling process, and a discharging process. First, in order to peel off the interior member 111 on the right side surface 107 of the vehicle body S, the frame body 5 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 5 so that the right side surface 107 comes to the position of the bottom portion 103 in FIG. The right side surface 107 is horizontal in the vicinity of the ground T, and a surface on which the peeling operation can be easily performed (here, the right side surface 107) is referred to as a work surface.

In the peeling step of peeling the interior member 111 on the right side surface 107 of the vehicle body S, the interior member 111 covering the inner surface of the right side surface 107 is removed using a conventionally known peeling means such as a vibration crushing device or a floor pecker. Peel off. After peeling off the interior member 111, the vibration crushing device and the floor pecker are moved to the outside of the vehicle body S.

In addition, a vibration crushing apparatus peels from the inner surface of a side surface by giving a vibration to an interior member. The floor pecker is a device that includes a blade that can vibrate and chops the interior member by vibrating the blade that is in contact with the interior member. Moreover, since the above-mentioned peeling means is a conventionally known apparatus, detailed description is omitted.

  Next, the process proceeds to a peeling step of peeling the interior member 111 on the left side surface 105 facing the right side surface 107. First, the frame body 9 in a state where the inner surface of the right side surface 105 of the vehicle body S is the working surface is rotated 180 ° counterclockwise, and the inner surface of the left side surface 105 is used as the working surface. Similar to the above-described peeling process of the right side surface 107, the interior member on the left side surface 105 is peeled off using a peeling means.

After peeling off the interior member on the left side surface 105, a peeling process of the interior member on the ceiling 109 is performed. First, the frame body 9 is rotated 90 ° counterclockwise, and the vehicle body S is arranged so that the inner surface of the ceiling 109 becomes the work surface. Thereafter, similarly to the right side surface 107 and the left side surface 105, the interior member of the ceiling 109 is peeled off using a peeling means.

  And it transfers to the discharge process which discharges the waste of the interior member 111 peeled from the right side surface 107, the left side surface 105, and the ceiling 109. The frame 5 whose ceiling 109 is the work surface is rotated 90 ° clockwise or counterclockwise so that the left side surface 105 or the right side surface 107 becomes the work surface. Since the window glass has already been removed, the waste of the interior member falls on the belt conveyor 117 through the window frame 113, the discharge process is completed, and the interior member removal process for removing the interior member 111 (step S4). ) Is completed.

The waste is conveyed by the belt conveyor 117 to other processing steps such as a separation step described later, which is sorted according to the specific gravity and material of the waste. In the said embodiment, although it was set as the process of peeling an interior member in order of the left side 105, the right side 107, and the inner surface of the ceiling 109, this invention is not limited to this process. For example, when the floor surface, which is the inner surface of the bottom portion 103, is covered with an interior member, the floor surface, the inner surface of the ceiling 109, the left side surface 105 (or right side surface 107), and the right side surface 107 (or left side surface 105). It is good also as a structure which performs an interior member removal process in order.

  In the above-described processing step, the vehicle body S has performed a step of removing the window glass (step S3 in FIG. 1) before being introduced into the rotating device unit 1. However, in the removal process, not only the interior member 111 is peeled off but also an operation of removing the window glass can be included. As described above, when the glass removing step is performed after the vehicle body S is fixed to the dismantling and rotating device unit 1, the vehicle body S can be positioned in a posture suitable for glass removal, so that work efficiency can be improved.

The vehicle body S that has finished the interior member removal step (step S4) proceeds to a pressing / cutting step (step S5 in FIG. 1) in which the vehicle body S is pressed and cut by the scrap shearing device 310 that is a press / cutting means. In the pressing / cutting process, as shown in FIG. 7, the scrap shearing device 310 includes a guillotine type straight blade shearing device 320 and a width dimension larger than the shearing portion 321 of the straight blade shearing portion 320 (the width direction of the vehicle body S). An open type supply channel 330 that forms a substantially rectangular parallelepiped space having a size), and a side pressing ram 363 that crushes the vehicle body S carried into the supply channel 330 from the side (the width direction of the vehicle body S). A downward hydraulic ram 353 for crushing the vehicle body S carried into the supply channel 330 from above (the height direction of the vehicle body S), a feeder unit 340 for feeding the vehicle body S into the shearing port 322 of the straight blade shearing unit 320, Is provided.

When the side pressing ram 363 moves in the direction approaching the vehicle body S (the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 7), the vehicle body S has a side wall 311 that forms the supply channel 330 and a side die 365 of the side pressing ram 363. The width dimension of the vehicle body S decreases between the two. On the other hand, when the downward die 355 of the downward pressing ram 353 moves in the direction approaching the vehicle body S (the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. 7), the vehicle body S includes the floor wall 313 that forms the supply channel 330 and the downward pressing ram 353. The height dimension of the vehicle body S decreases with the downward die 355.

Further, the vehicle body S that has been reduced to a predetermined size by the side pressing ram 363 and the downward pressing ram 353 is obtained by the feeding section 341 of the feeder section 340 in order to obtain the waste soul U having a desired length as shown in FIG. It is fed in the direction of arrow Z and enters the shear port 322. Thereafter, the shearing portion 321 of the straight blade shearing device 320 is moved in the direction approaching the vehicle body S (the direction of the arrow Y), and the compressed portion of the vehicle body S is cut. As a result, a scrap soul U having a predetermined size is obtained.

Once again, the lateral pressing ram 363 and the downward pressing ram 353 are used to reduce the width and height dimensions of the vehicle body, and then the predetermined length is set so that the waste soul cut by the delivery portion 341 has a predetermined dimension. The vehicle body S is made to enter the shear port 323 by that amount. Thereafter, the portion compressed by the straight blade shearing device 320 is cut. Thus, by repeating the above process, the pressing / cutting process (step S5) for the entire vehicle body S is completed.

After the pressing / cutting process (step S5), the process proceeds to a crushing process (step S6) for crushing the waste soul U and a separation process (step S7) for separating the crushed pieces crushed by the crushing process according to specific gravity or material. . The waste material lump U is transferred to a scrap crusher 401 that crushes the waste material lump by a stationary crane device 410 that is a carry-in device.

The crushing step (step S6) and the sorting step (step S7) are performed using a scrap crusher 401 shown in FIGS. The scrap crusher 401 mainly includes a rough crusher 420, a main crusher 430, and a sorting machine 432. In addition, the crushing process of this embodiment is divided into two steps, and has the rough crusher 420 which crushes a waste material soul into a rough crush piece, and the main crusher 430 for crushing a coarse crush piece further finely.

The rough crusher 420 tears and crushes the waste soul U (see FIG. 8) by rotating a plurality of shaft rotary blades having different rotation speeds. The coarse crusher 420 detects the load torque based on the detection signal depending on the size and density of the waste soul that is input by the rotation speed detection sensor and the current detection sensor attached to the drive motor. The drive current is increased or decreased accordingly, and the waste soul is automatically crushed. The crushed coarsely crushed pieces are discharged from the coarse pulverizer 420 and conveyed to the main pulverizer 430 by the conveyor 425.

The main crusher 430 is a so-called hammer shredder, and is configured to finely crush the coarsely crushed material to form a crushed piece while rotating a rotating drum 433 having a plurality of hammer-like blades mounted on the peripheral surface. It is. The main crusher 430 detects a load torque based on a detection signal that depends on the size and density of the roughly crushed pieces by using a rotation speed detection sensor and a current detection sensor attached to the drive motor, and detects the detected load torque. The driving current is increased / decreased according to the above, and the coarsely crushed pieces are automatically crushed.

Thus, a crushing piece is obtained from the waste material soul U by the rough crusher 420 and the main crusher 430, and a crushing process (step S6 of FIG. 1) is complete | finished.

The next step after the crushing step (step S6 in FIG. 1) is a separation step (step S7 in FIG. 1) for separating the crushed pieces according to specific gravity and material. In the sorting step, the sorter 432 is used to sort into ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, and plastic-based crushed pieces according to the specific gravity or material of the crushed pieces. The sorter 432 includes a vibration feeder 434 that sorts based on specific gravity, a first cyclone device 441, and a second cyclone device 446, and a drum type magnetic separator 450 that sorts based on the material.

  First, the crushed material finely crushed by the main crusher 430 is sieved by a vibration feeder 434 into a metal-based crushed piece having a high specific gravity and a plastic crushed piece mainly composed of a plastic having a low specific gravity. A fragment having a low specific gravity bounced by the vibration of the vibration feeder 434 is sucked from the first suction port 440 installed above the vibration feeder 434 and transferred to the first cyclone device 441.

  The crushed pieces having a light specific gravity are further separated into light crushed pieces having a light specific gravity and heavy crushed pieces by the first cyclone device 441. Dust is removed from the light crushed pieces by a wet scrubber 442, which is a cleaning dust collector, and is released to the atmosphere. The weight crushed pieces separated by the first cyclone device 441 are transported by a dust transport belt conveyor 443 or the like as plastic crushed pieces and accumulated in a dust yard in the dust chamber 444.

  The metal-based crushed pieces conveyed on the vibration feeder 434 are fed into the drum type magnetic separator 450 by the conveyor belt conveyor 451. The drum type magnetic separator 450 separates the metal-based fragment into a ferrous metal and a non-ferrous metal by a magnetic force while the metal-based fragment is falling from a high place to a low place. At the time of the fall, a light crushed piece having a low specific gravity that escapes from the second suction port 445 installed above the drum type magnetic separator 450 and separated by the vibration feeder 434 is blown upward from the bottom. Aspirated and separated.

  The crushed pieces with low specific gravity sucked by the second suction port 445 are further separated into light crushed pieces with light specific gravity and heavy crushed pieces by the second cyclone device 446. In the same manner as described above, dust is removed from the lightweight crushed pieces by the wet scrubber 442, and the crushed pieces are released to the atmosphere. The weight crushed pieces separated by the second cyclone device 446 are transported by the dust transport belt conveyor 443 and the like as plastic crushed pieces and accumulated in the dust yard in the dust chamber 444 as described above.

  Further, the metal-based crushed pieces that have escaped from the drum type magnetic separator 450 are conveyed while being vibrated by a vibration conveyor 452 installed below the drum type magnetic separator 450. Iron-based metal fragments are removed by a suspended magnetic separator 453 installed in the middle of the conveyance. The removed iron-based metal fragments are combined with the iron-based metal fragments selected by the drum type magnetic separator 450 and accumulated in the product iron yard 455 by the iron transport swirl belt conveyor 454.

  Non-ferrous metal fragments that have not been magnetically attracted by the two magnetic separators 450 and 453 are sorted into three types of particle sizes by a trommel 460 that is a particle size sorter while being conveyed by a non-ferrous metal conveyor belt conveyor 456. That is, other than iron that was not collected by the magnetic separators 450 and 453, the trommel 460 in the form of a rotating drum is a particle size in which there are many noncombustible materials such as glass and ceramics, and in which there is a large amount of aluminum. And a particle size with many combustibles. This trommel 460 has a cylindrical “sieving” with two sizes of holes. Trommel 460 is a non-ferrous metal crushed piece after being processed by the main crusher 430. Glass and earthenware are crushed finely, flammable materials such as wood are roughly sized, and aluminum is about the middle. Sort by using the details.

  Non-ferrous metal fragments are passed through a “sieving”, and the small holes in the area near the entrance of the drum sort the fragments containing a lot of glass and ceramics. Next to the area provided with the small holes, there is an area provided with the large holes, and those that do not pass through the small holes but pass through the large holes are selected as fragments containing a lot of aluminum. Those that do not pass through the large hole fall as they are from the end of the drum and are sorted as crushed pieces containing a large amount of combustible material.

  Aluminum in the crushed pieces sorted into three kinds of particle sizes by the trommel 460 is sorted into iron-based crushed pieces, aluminum-based crushed pieces, and non-metallic materials by the force of a magnet that rotates at high speed. That is, in each of the three aluminum sorters 465, 466, and 467 adapted to each particle size, by bringing the crushed pieces closer to the magnet rotating at high speed, the aluminum pieces repelling the magnets and the iron-based crushed pieces attracted by the magnets Sort into pieces and non-metallic pieces that do not repel or attract to the magnet.

As described above, the crushed pieces are separated by the material and specific gravity, and the separation step (step S7) is completed. By going through step S1 to step S7, it is possible to perform a dismantling operation of a long object to be disassembled like a vehicle body.

Next, a disassembly process for disassembling the chassis 157 separated from the vehicle in step S2 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the chassis 157 is cut in the chassis cutting step (step S9). The chassis 157 includes a side beam 180 that supports the axles 177 and 179 one by one in the front and rear, and a lateral beam (not shown) that connects the pair of side beams 180. An air spring 163 that receives the vehicle body S is provided at the center of the chassis 157. In the chassis cutting step (step S10), a portion of the side beam 180 between the air spring 163 and the front and rear axles 177 and 159 is cut using a steel cutter working machine 290 including a cutter 291 or a burner.

The waste soul formed by cutting the chassis 157 is processed in the crushing step (step S6). That is, as with the waste material soul formed from the vehicle body S, the waste material mass of the chassis 157 is crushed into smaller crushed pieces. Here, in the crushing process of the chassis in the present embodiment, the same apparatus as the crushing process of the vehicle body S is used. However, a dedicated crushing apparatus for crushing the waste soul formed from the chassis 157 may be used. .

The scrap pieces of the waste material soul formed from the chassis 157 are sorted based on the material and specific gravity, similarly to the crushed pieces formed from the vehicle body S.
Moreover, the interior member discharged | emitted in the peeling / discharge process (step S4) is transferred to a separation process (step S8) by a belt conveyor or the like. In the sorting step, sorting is performed according to the size of the interior member. The large-sized interior member is collected in, for example, a dust yard in the dust chamber 444 for reuse as plastic. Further, the small-sized interior member is accumulated in another dust yard for use as fuel.

The object to be disassembled in the present embodiment is a passenger car such as a passenger car, a train, and a diesel vehicle. However, the object to be dismantled according to the present invention is not limited to these and is applicable to various elongated members such as buses and tanks. it can. Moreover, although all the processes (step S1-S9) of the dismantling method of this embodiment were set as the structure processed in the same facility, this invention is not limited to this structure. For example, the facilities for the crushing process (step S6) and the separation process (step S7) and the facilities for other processes can be arranged in different places.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotation unit for disassembly 3 Case 5 Frame 7 Fixing member 9 Motor 10 Drive pulley 11 Control part 12 Endless belt 15 Support part 17 Base 21 Drive gear 23 Fixing part 24, 26 Loader guide path constituting member 24a, 26a Concave part 27a, 27b, 29a, 29b,
31a, 31b, 33a, 33b Press member 35 Plate-like member 100 Rotating device 103 for disassembly 103 Bottom 105 Left side 107 Right side 109 Ceiling 111 Interior member 117 Belt conveyor 151 Vehicle 153 Line 155 Wheel 157 Car body S Body 159 Hook block 161 Hook 163 Suspension member 165 Cutter 167 Working machine 169 Cords 171 Side beam 172 Track groove 173 Air spring 177, 179 Axle 210 Glass crushing work machine 211 Boom 212 Mounting stage 213 Operation cabin 217 Recovery bucket 222 Boom 224 Connection boom 227 Endless track part 229 Glass Crushing jig 290 Steel cutter working machine 291 Cutter 310 Scrap shearing device 311 Side wall 313 Floor wall 320 Straight blade shearing device 321 Shearing section
322 Shearing port 330 Supply channel 340 Feeder part 341 Feeding part 353 Downward hydraulic ram 355 Downward die 363 Side pressing ram 401 Scrap crushing / sorting device 410 Installation type crane device 420 Rough crusher 430 Main crusher 432 Separator 433 Rotating drum 434 Vibration feeder 440 First suction port 441 First cyclone device 442 Wet scrubber 443 Dust transfer belt conveyor 444 Dust chamber 445 Second suction port 446 Second cyclone device 451 Drum type magnetic separator 452 Vibration conveyor 453 Suspended magnetic selection Machine 454 Iron transport slewing belt conveyor 455 Product iron yard 456 Non-ferrous metal conveyor belt conveyor 460 Trommel 465, 466, 467 Aluminum sorter

Claims (12)

A dismantling method for disassembling a long object to be disassembled with a mounting member,
The disassembled object is rotated around its longitudinal axis so that the inner surface on which the disassembled object mounting member is mounted becomes a work surface, and the disassembled object mounting member on the work surface is peeled off and Discharge (S4),
A dismantling method characterized by pressing and cutting the object to be disassembled from which the mounting member has been peeled off (S5) to form a lump of waste material having a predetermined size. The dismantling method according to claim 1, wherein the discharged interior members are sorted according to their dimensions (S8). The dismantling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the waste material lump (U) having a predetermined size is crushed to form crushed pieces (S6). The dismantling method according to claim 3, wherein the crushed pieces are sorted according to their materials (S7). A dismantling method for disassembling a passenger car comprising a vehicle body covered with an interior member and having a window glass, and a chassis to which the chassis is fixed,
Separating the chassis and the vehicle body (S2);
Remove the window glass from the vehicle body (S3),
The vehicle body is rotated about its longitudinal axis so that the inner surface covered with the mounting member of the vehicle body becomes a work surface, and the interior member of the vehicle body on the work surface is peeled and discharged (S4),
A method for demolishing a passenger car comprising pressing and cutting the vehicle body from which the interior member has been peeled off (S5) to form a lump of waste material having a predetermined size. The inner surface having the interior member is a ceiling surface, a floor surface, one side surface, and the other side surface of the vehicle body, and the interior member is in the order of the ceiling surface, the floor surface, one side surface, and the other side surface. The passenger car dismantling method according to claim 5, wherein the passenger car dismantling method is performed. The method for disassembling a passenger car according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the discharged interior members are sorted according to their dimensions (S8). The method of dismantling a passenger vehicle according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the separated chassis is cut (S8), the cut waste material is crushed (S9), and a crushed piece is formed. . The method for dismantling a passenger car according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the lump of the waste material having a predetermined size is crushed to form a crushed piece (S6). The method for disassembling a passenger car according to claim 9, wherein the crushed pieces are separated according to the material (S7). A dismantling system for disassembling a long object to be disassembled,
Disassembling means for removing a fixing member for fixing the vehicle body to the chassis of the object to be disassembled;
Separating means for separating the vehicle body from the chassis of the object to be disassembled;
Cutting means for cutting a cord member extending between the chassis and the vehicle body;
Crushing means for removing the window glass from the window frame of the vehicle body;
A disassembly rotation unit for rotating the vehicle body about its longitudinal axis so that the inner surface of the vehicle body covered with the interior member is a work surface;
Peeling means for peeling the interior member of the vehicle body on the work surface;
A dismantling system comprising: a press / cutting means for turning the vehicle body from which the interior member has been peeled into a lump of waste material having a predetermined size.   The dismantling according to claim 11, wherein the elongate object to be disassembled is a passenger car including a vehicle body covered with the interior member and having a window glass, and a chassis to which the vehicle body is fixed. system.

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