JPH07106326B2 - Crushing selection method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a crusher for directly crushing scrapped automobile engines, motorcycle engines, cylinder heads, transmissions, etc., as well as a sorting conveyor and magnetic separator. The present invention relates to a crushing and selecting method using.

[Conventional technology]

An automobile engine is a combination of iron parts and aluminum parts, so if a scraped engine is crushed by a crusher, lumps of iron with aluminum or lumps of aluminum with iron will form. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Since such lumps cannot be sorted as they are by a magnetic separator, it is good to manually separate aluminum and iron and melt them in a melting furnace, but since it takes a lot of work, they are put into the melting furnace without separation. Is the current situation.

In view of the above problems, the present invention combines a crusher having a coarse crushing section and a fine crushing section with a magnetic separator, a conveyer, and a hand selector to sufficiently crush the object to be crushed. It is intended to provide a method for crushing and sorting into.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention inputs a crushed material into a coarse crushing section of a crusher having two functions of coarse crushing and fine crushing, performs rough crushing, and discharges the crushable material discharged from a discharge port. Is sent to a sorting conveyor, and on this conveyor, the coarsely crushed material and the finely crushed material with insufficient separation of iron and aluminum are sorted by manual selection, and the coarsely crushed material is sent to the coarse crushing section of the crusher, and the finely crushed material is After returning to the fine crushing unit and crushing again, both crushed substances discharged from the discharge port of the crusher merge and retransmit to the sorting conveyor, and the fine crushed substances that have passed through the sorting conveyor are used as magnetic separators. This is a crushing and sorting method in which iron, aluminum, or non-ferrous components containing rubber other than aluminum are separately collected in a subsequent step including manual sorting.

In this method, the material to be crushed that has passed through the sorting conveyor is separated into iron and non-ferrous components by the first magnetic separator, and the separated iron is separated by hand sorting into iron and aluminum with iron, and then recovered. From the non-ferrous components containing iron, which have been missed by the first magnetic separator, rubber and non-ferrous components other than aluminum are further sorted and collected by manual selection, and the crushed material containing the remaining iron and aluminum is put into the second magnetic separator. It is desirable to separate it into aluminum and iron and collect them separately.

[Action]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, when a crushed object such as an engine or a transmission is introduced into the crushing chamber from the coarse crushing section of the charging chute of the crusher, the crushed object is caught between the rough crushing ripper wheels. It is roughly crushed and discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing chamber.

The discharged crushed material is sent to the sorting conveyor and manually sorted,
Coarse stuff (large size crushed product with iron and aluminum not separated) is returned to the coarse crushing part of the crusher, and fine stuff (small size crushed product with iron and aluminum not separated) is returned to the fine crushing part .

Coarse crushed material is crushed in the coarse crushing section, and fine crushed material is crushed in the fine crushing section. The state of being left as a lump is reduced, and it becomes easy to separate and collect it into iron, aluminum or other (non-ferrous components other than aluminum) in a later step.

In the post-process, non-crushed materials are iron, aluminum, and
Alternatively, separate and collect.

In the crushing and sorting method of the second invention, the first magnetic separator separates iron and non-ferrous components, and the iron component is further manually sorted to separate iron and aluminum with iron and collect them separately.

The non-ferrous component actually contains the iron component that has been missed by the first magnetic separator. First, by hand sorting, rubber and non-ferrous components other than aluminum are sorted and collected. Since the remaining non-crushed material contains iron and aluminum, it is separated into aluminum and iron by the second magnetic separator and collected.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is an overall view of the present invention and system, and FIGS. 2 to 4 show an embodiment of a crusher A used in the same.

In FIGS. 2 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a crushing chamber, which comprises a front wall 2, a rear wall 3 and both side walls 4, both side walls 4 having an outwardly bulging shape as shown in FIG. A discharge port 9 is provided in the lower part of 1.

The charging chute 5 on the upper opening of the crushing chamber 1 is partitioned by a partition plate 6, and is divided into a rough crushing charging part 7 and a fine crushing charging part 8.

Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote a pair of left and right rotating shafts supported by a pair of left and right bearings provided on the front wall 2 and the rear wall 3.

A plurality of coarse crushing ripper wheels 14 are fixed to the portions of the rotary shafts 11 and 12 which are located directly below the charging portions 7, respectively.
An intermediate foil 16 having a plurality of recesses 15 on the outer periphery is fixed between the ripper wheels 14.

A large number of teeth 17 are provided on the outer circumference of each of the ripper wheels 14, and the teeth 17 are arranged so as to face the intermediate foil 16 of the other party as shown in FIG.

Further, a plurality of shredder ripper wheels 18 are fixed to the rotary shafts 11 and 12 which are directly below the shredder charging section 8.

The teeth 19 of the ripper wheel 18 are finer than the teeth 17 of the ripper wheel 14 and have a smaller pitch.

21 is a pressing plate. The push-in plate 21 is a movable part of a portion of the charging chute 5 with respect to the coarse crushing charging part 7, and the chute 5 is oscillated around a shaft 22 at the lower end.
Installed on. A plurality of non-slip projections 23 are provided on the inside of the pushing plate 21, and an arc-shaped cover 24 centered on the shaft 22 is provided on the outside of the pushing plate 21 to rotate the pushing plate 21 inward. At this time, the opening of the pushing plate mounting portion of the chute 5 is closed, and the rib 25 is fixed in the cover 24.

27 is a bracket outside the lower part of the rear wall 3, the lower end of a hydraulic cylinder 28 as a drive means of the pushing plate 21 is rotatably connected to the bracket 27, and the upper end of a piston rod 29 of the cylinder 28 is connected to the rib 25. Partly rotatably connected.

A hydraulic motor 31 in FIGS. 2 and 3 drives the sprocket 33 via the speed reducer 32 by the motor 31.

34 is a sprocket fixed to the front end of the rotary shaft 12, and an endless transmission chain 35 is mounted on both sprockets 33, 34.

Further, a pin wheel 36 is fixed to the rotary shaft 12, and a gear 37 meshing with the pin wheel 36 is fixed to the rotary shaft 11 so that the rotary shaft 12 is fixed.
Make 11 and 12 rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

Further, a safety device is provided which detects the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic motor 31 and stops or reverses the motor 31 when the hydraulic pressure suddenly rises during overload.

In FIG. 1, 41 is a crushed object 42 made of scrap, which is a combination of aluminum and iron, such as an automobile engine.
The raw material yard, which is piled up, 43 is the crushed object 42 in this yard
The tower loader 44 for loading and unloading is also a magnetic crane.

The tower loader 43 and the magnet crane 44 are used for the coarse crushing input section 7 of the crusher A for crushing the object 42 to be crushed in the raw material yard 41.
Then, the crushed object is caught between the left and right ripper wheels 14 shown in FIG.

Since the two ripper wheels 14 have different rotational speeds, the crushed object is torn and coarsely crushed due to the differential of the teeth 17 of the ripper wheels 14 on both sides while being bitten between the ripper wheels 14, and the lower discharge port Emitted from 9.

When the crushed pieces generated by the above crushing enter between the ripper wheel 14 and the intermediate wheel 16, some or all of them are recessed.
When it enters 15 and this recess 15 faces downward, the fragments are dropped.

When the crushed object thrown into the coarse crushing input section 7 is not caught between the ripper wheels 14, the hydraulic cylinder 28 is operated to rotate the pushing plate 21 as shown by the chain line in FIG. Is forced between the ripper wheels 14.

In this way, the crushed material that enters through the input unit 7, is crushed between the ripper wheels 14 and is discharged through the discharge port 9 is charged into the vibrating feeder 46 by the discharge apron conveyor 45, and is supplied from the feeder 46 onto the sorting conveyor 48.

A worker 47 is placed on the sorting conveyor 48 to manually sort relatively large crushed materials (large sized crushed materials without separation of iron and aluminum) and relatively small crushed materials (iron and aluminum are not separated) Small crushed material), the large crushed material is supplied to the conveyor 49, and the coarse crushed material is fed both times to the coarse crushing input section 7 of the crusher A, and the small crushed material is supplied to the conveyor 50. Then, it is returned to the shredder input section 8 of the shredder A and is put between the shredder ripper wheels 18 from there.

Since the plurality of ripper wheels 18 are provided adjacently to each other and a large number of fine teeth 19 are provided, the fine re-crushed material put therein is further finely crushed and discharged from the discharge port 9 onto the conveyor 45. .

The finely crushed material that has passed through the sorting conveyor 48 is fed to the first magnetic separator 51.

The iron content separated by the first magnetic separator 51 is supplied onto the iron conveyor 52. A worker 55 is also arranged on the iron conveyor 52 to put the aluminum with iron into the collecting box 56 and put the rubber / non-ferrous into the collecting box 57.

Further, the iron content that has passed on the conveyor 52 is put into the iron content yard 58 and shipped appropriately.

On the other hand, the non-ferrous components selected by the first magnetic separator 51 are discharged onto the aluminum conveyor 59.

A worker 60 is also placed on this aluminum conveyor 59, and the rubber / non-ferrous materials selected here are put into the recovery box 57 and the conveyor
The iron and aluminum that have been released by the first magnetic separator after passing over 59 are thrown into the second magnetic separator 61.

The aluminum separated by the second magnetic separator 61 is loaded into the aluminum yard 63 via the carry-out conveyor 62, and the iron separated by the magnetic separator 61 is loaded into the iron recovery box 64.

In FIG. 1, 65 is a dust collecting duct, and 66 is a cyclone separator leading to the duct 65.

The tip of the duct 65 is the selection conveyor 48 or aluminum conveyor.
A dust collection hood provided in a dust generating portion such as a feeding portion of 59 is sucked, the dust-containing air sucked therein is separated by a separator 66, and the dust is thrown into a recovery box 67.

The air that has exited the separator 66 enters the mist collector 68, is further purified, is sucked by the air blower 69, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 71 through the silencer 70.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention uses a crusher having two functions of coarse crushing and fine crushing, and sends the crushed material crushed by this crusher to a selection conveyor, where it is coarsely selected by hand. Objects and fine pieces where iron and aluminum are not sufficiently separated are sorted and returned to the coarse crushing section and fine crushing section of the crusher with a conveyor to further finely crush, and a lump with iron and aluminum integrated Since it is crushed as finely as possible, the effect of facilitating separation and recovery into iron, aluminum, or other (non-ferrous components other than aluminum) in the subsequent step can be obtained.

In the crushing and sorting method of the second invention, the iron and aluminum integrated lumps are crushed into fine pieces in the pretreatment step of the first invention, and these are passed through the sorting conveyor as they are and sent to the first magnetic separator of the subsequent step. .

In the 1st magnetic separator, iron and non-ferrous components are first separated, and iron-based components are then manually sorted and recovered into iron-only and fine components in which iron and aluminum remain bound, and non-ferrous components are separated. The rubber and other non-ferrous components are recovered by manual selection in 1., and the non-crushed material remaining in the second magnetic separator is separated into aluminum and iron components and recovered separately. Therefore, by the crushing and sorting method of the first invention, iron, aluminum, and other crushed materials that have become easy to separate into finely tuned iron, aluminum, and other materials that cannot be obtained by conventional methods by a magnetic separator and manual sorting. The effect is that it is possible to separate and collect with high efficiency and accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the whole of the invention system, FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional plan view showing an example of a crusher used in the invention system, FIG. 3 is a partially longitudinal side view of the same, and FIG. Is also a vertical front view. A ... Crusher, 5 ... Input chute, 7 ... Coarse crushing input part, 8 ... Fine crushing input part, 41 ... Raw material yard, 42 ... Crushed object, 45 ... Discharge apron conveyor, 47, 55, 60 ... workers, 48 ... sorting conveyor, 49, 50 ... conveyor, 51 ... first magnetic separator, 52 ... iron conveyor, 56, 57, 64, 67 ... recovery box, 58 …… Iron yard, 59 …… Aluminum conveyor, 61 …… Second magnetic separator, 62 …… Unloading conveyor, 63 …… Aluminum yard.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An object to be crushed is put into a coarse crushing section of a crusher having two functions of coarse crushing and fine crushing to perform coarse crushing, and the crushable object discharged from a discharge port is sent to a sorting conveyor. The coarse crushed material and the fine crushed material with insufficient separation of iron and aluminum are selected by manual selection on the conveyor, the coarse crushed material is returned to the coarse crushing section of the crusher, and the fine crushed material is returned to the fine crushing section. Re-crushing, both crushed products discharged from the discharge port of the crusher are merged and retransmitted to the above-mentioned sorting conveyor, and in a post-process including a magnetic separator and manual sorting from the fine crushed material that has passed on this sorting conveyor. A crushing and sorting method that separates and collects each of non-ferrous components including iron, aluminum, or rubber other than aluminum. 2. The material to be crushed that has passed through the sorting conveyor is separated into iron and non-ferrous components by a first magnetic separator, and the separated iron components are separated by hand sorting into iron components and aluminum with iron, and recovered. From the non-ferrous components containing iron, which have been missed by the first magnetic separator, rubber and non-ferrous components other than aluminum are further sorted and collected by manual selection, and the crushed material containing the remaining iron and aluminum is put into the second magnetic separator. The crushing and selecting method according to claim (1), wherein aluminum and iron are separated and recovered respectively.