JP2001122087A - Automobile dismantling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of danger and low efficiency in conventional automobile dismantling work. SOLUTION: A turnable arm 3 is projected from an elevating body 2 elevatingly fitted to a longitudinal device body 1, and the arm 3 is provided with an automobile pedestal 4 and a clamp 6. The elevating body 2 is elevated to elevate an automobile 5 clamped by the pedestal 4 and the clamp 6 to an optional height, and the arm 3 is turned to rotate the automobile 5 to an optional angle. The pedestal 4 is formed in fork shape or plate shape opened at the opening. The pedestal 4 can be longitudinally moved and stopped in an optional position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for dismantling a vehicle for moving the vehicle up and down and turning to position the vehicle at a position where the vehicle can be easily dismantled. This is suitable for positioning the vehicle at a position below which it can be disassembled.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a global demand for improving the global environment, and in Japan, the collection and reuse (recycling) of used products is proceeding in various fields. Of these, automobiles are designated as Class 1 Designated Products under the Recycling Law and the Recycling Law, and automakers are striving to share parts and increase the use of easily recyclable parts and materials.

[0003] In addition, car dismantling companies and used car parts dealers not only dismantle cars (disused cars), but also construct a network that removes reusable parts from discarded cars and sells them as used parts to promote recycling. ing. Specifically, the name of the used parts removed from the scrapped vehicle
Information such as model, year, color, presence or absence of scratches, location of scratches, degree of scratches, etc. is managed by computer, and the input information can be used by automobile used parts dealers nationwide. For example,
A used car dealer in Hokkaido has a XX year model XX
If you search for a bumper that matches your criteria using a computer and find that a bumper that matches your criteria is owned by a used car parts dealer in Kyushu, the Hokkaido supplier An order is made from a computer to a Kyushu dealer, and the Kyushu dealer who receives the order is ready to ship the parts on the same day.

[0004] As described above, the recycling system of automobile manufacturers and used car parts distributors is rapidly developing, but the dismantling work of automobiles, which is the starting point of recycling, is still performed manually. is there. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, two U-shaped supports A having a height of about 1.5 m are arranged to face each other, and a car B is mounted on these supports A using a forklift (not shown). , And a worker C goes under the car B to perform dismantling work.

[0005]

However, the conventional car dismantling operation has the following problems. 1. Since work must be performed under the car, oil and mud adhering to the bottom of the car, oil remaining in the oil pan, gasoline remaining in the fuel tank, etc. will drop or scatter and work. Members are covered with mud and oil. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the dripped or scattered mud or oil may enter the eyes or mouth of the worker and impair the worker's health. 2. Workers work for a long time while looking up in an unnatural posture such as standing on a knee or a middle waist as shown in Fig. 9, which places a heavy burden on the waist, knees, neck, shoulders, etc. Become. 3. Should the car fall off the support, workers could be seriously injured by laying underneath the car, and in some cases could be fatal. 4. As described above, the dismantling operation of an automobile is performed in an unnatural posture while avoiding dripping mud and oil, so that the operation efficiency is poor, and it takes a long time to dismantle one vehicle. These inefficiencies in dismantling work are reflected in dismantling costs, and currently dismantling a car costs 15,000 to 20,000 yen per vehicle, which is a factor in the illegal dumping of scrapped vehicles. Has become. 5. Automobile dismantling is a hard job in a poor working environment, making it an occupation where young people cannot work. However, since dismantling is the starting point of recycling, in order to promote recycling, it is urgently necessary to improve the working environment of dismantling work, reduce the labor load and increase the number of workers engaged in dismantling work.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to position a vehicle at a position where it can be easily dismantled.
An object of the present invention is to provide an automobile dismantling device capable of improving the environment for dismantling automobiles and reducing the labor burden on workers.

A first apparatus for dismantling a vehicle according to the present application comprises a vertically long apparatus main body, an elevating body mounted on the apparatus main body so as to be able to ascend and descend, and protruding forward of the elevating body and being pivotally mounted. Arm, a car cradle protruding from the arm in a direction crossing the arm, and a clamp for clamping a car mounted on the car cradle between the car cradle, By raising and lowering the elevating body, it is possible to raise and lower the car sandwiched between the car cradle and the clamp to an arbitrary height, and to rotate the arm at an arbitrary angle by turning the arm. is there.

[0008] A second automobile dismantling apparatus of the present application is the first automobile dismantling apparatus, wherein the automobile cradle is formed in a fork shape or a plate shape having an opening.

The third apparatus for dismantling a car according to the present application is the first or second apparatus for dismantling a car, wherein the car cradle can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the arm and can be stopped at an arbitrary position. It was done.

[0010]

(Embodiment 1) A first embodiment of an automobile dismantling apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes an apparatus main body 1 that rises from a pedestal 10, an elevating body 2 that can move up and down along the apparatus main body 1, a swivel 20 that is pivotally mounted in front of the elevating body 2, An arm 3 attached so as to protrude forward and rotate with the rotation of the swivel 20, an automobile cradle 4 protruding from the arm 3 in a direction crossing the arm 3, and And a clamp 6 for clamping the vehicle 5 mounted on the vehicle between the same and the pedestal 4.
The vehicle 5 sandwiched between the vehicle cradle 4 and the clamp 6 can be moved up and down to an arbitrary height by raising and lowering the arm 3. It can be rotated to any angle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus main body 1 is vertically raised upward on a pedestal 10 formed in a substantially U-shape by a square tubular steel material. The apparatus main body 1 is formed of a steel material into a substantially box shape, and vertically long groove-shaped guides 12 (FIG. 2) are formed on both sides of the apparatus near the front surface.

As shown in FIG. 1, an elevating body 2 provided on the front surface of the apparatus main body 1 is guided by the guide formed on the apparatus main body 1 so as to be able to move up and down in the directions of arrows ab in the figure. The device is lifted and lowered by a lifting mechanism (not shown) housed in the internal space of the apparatus main body 1 and can be stopped at any position in the moving direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the elevating body 2 is formed to have a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape that covers the outside of the apparatus main body 1, and the side surface of the apparatus main body 1 is placed above and below an inner side facing the side surface of the apparatus main body 1. And guide rollers 13 that can travel along the guides 12 formed on the guide rollers 12.
A slide plate 14 that slides along the guide 12 is provided, and the fitting of the guide 12 and the guide roller 13 restricts the displacement in the front-rear direction (the direction of the arrow c-c in FIG. 1). The fitting restricts the displacement in the horizontal direction (the direction of the arrow dd in FIG. 1), so that the elevating body 2 can be vertically and smoothly moved up and down. FIG. 2 shows the guide roller 1 for convenience of explanation.
3 and the slide plate 14 are shown one by one,
Actually, a pair of the guide roller 12 and the slide plate 14 are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the opposing inner surface of the elevating body 2 for a total of 4
They are arranged in pairs.

As shown in FIG. 1, a disk-shaped swivel 20 is rotatably mounted on the front surface of the elevating body 2. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, a disk-shaped passive gear 2 having a large number of teeth formed on an outer peripheral surface is provided between the lifting / lowering body 2 and the turning table 20.
2 and the drive gear 26 attached to the rotating shaft of a turning motor 24 (hydraulic motor) arranged on the side of the lifting / lowering body 2 engages the passive gear 22 to rotate the turning motor 24 clockwise. , The passive gear 22 turns counterclockwise, and accordingly, the turntable 20 also turns in the same direction by the same angle. When the turning motor 24 is turned counterclockwise, the passive gear 22 turns clockwise. The swivel 20 turns in the same direction by the same angle. The turning table 20 can be stopped at an arbitrary turning position when turning in any direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, one end of an arm 3 is attached to the front surface of the turning table 20, and the arm 3 is supported in a cantilever manner. The arm 3 is formed to be horizontally long by a steel material, and one end of the arm 3 in the longitudinal direction is attached to an eccentric position closer to the peripheral edge than the center of the swivel 20.
When the turntable 20 turns in the direction of arrow e or arrow f in FIG. 1, it turns around the central axis of the turntable 20 accordingly. When the lifting body 2 moves up and down in the directions of arrows ab in FIG. 1 and the swivel 20 moves up and down in the same direction, the arm 3 moves up and down in the same direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, a fork-shaped vehicle cradle 4 protrudes in the direction perpendicular to the arm 3 near the longitudinal end of the arm 3 and near the center. Each car cradle 4 has substantially the same length as the width of the car 5, and the car 5 can be placed and supported thereon. Also, as shown in FIG. 1, an upwardly extending claw 30 is protruded from the tip of each of the car cradle 4 so that the car 5 placed on the car cradle 4 is positioned toward the tip of the cradle 4. It does not shift.

The two vehicle pedestals 4 are separately movable in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3, and the two vehicle pedestals 4 are stopped and fixed at a position at an arbitrary interval, and various types of vehicles having different lengths are provided. 5 is supportable. More specifically, as shown in FIG.
2 are formed, and the base of the automobile cradle 4 is formed in a substantially U-shape capable of covering the arm 3 from above, and the roller 34 and the arm 3 that can travel along the rail 32 at the same base. A plurality of rollers 34 capable of running on the upper surface are provided, and each of the cradles 4 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3 by pushing (or pulling) the car cradle 4 and running the rollers 34 along the rails 32. There is. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a support plate 38 protrudes from the lower corner 36 of the automobile cradle 4 toward the arm 3, and is screwed into a screw hole 40 formed in the support plate 38. When the screw rod 42 is rotated, the tip of the screw rod 42 is pressed against the bottom surface of the arm 3 and the receiving table 4 is fixed at that position. When the screw rod 42 is rotated in the opposite direction, the bottom surface of the arm 3 is rotated. Is released so that the receiving table 4 can be moved. A handle 44 for rotating the screw rod 42 is attached to the lower end of the screw rod 42.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3, a vehicle 5 supported by these two pedestals 4 is sandwiched between the two pedestals 4. Clamp 6 is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the clamp 6 is connected to the upper end of a slender vertical member 46 erected on the upper surface of the arm 3 by using a connecting pin 50 to attach the same slender horizontal member 48. A pin 50 is used as a fulcrum so as to be rotatable in the direction of arrow gh, and a rear end of the horizontal member 48 is connected to an upper end of a rod 54 of a hydraulic cylinder 52 disposed behind the vertical member 46, and a flat end is connected to the front end. Shape H
A pusher 56 is attached so as to swing in the direction of arrow j in the figure. In this clamp 6, when the rod 54 of the hydraulic cylinder 52 is extended, the tip of the cross member 48 is pushed down (in the direction of arrow h) and pushed to both sides in the width direction of the roof of the automobile 5 supported by the automobile cradle 4. Tool 56
Is pressed, and the automobile 5 is sandwiched and fixed between the automobile cradle 4 and the pusher 56 as shown in FIG. When the rod 54 is contracted, the end of the cross member 48 is raised (in the direction of arrow g).
And the pusher 56 is separated from the vehicle 5 to release the pinching.

(Example 1 of Use) An example of use of the apparatus for dismantling an automobile of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1. As shown in FIG. 4, two car cradles 4 whose intervals are adjusted in advance according to the length of the car 5 to be dismantled.
The automobile 5 is mounted on the above by using a forklift, and the state shown in FIG. At this time, FIG. 4 and FIG.
As shown in (1), the cross member 48 of the clamp 6 is rotated in the direction of arrow g in FIG. 3, and the pusher 56 at the tip thereof is retracted in the same direction. 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the rod 54 of the hydraulic cylinder 52 of the clamp 6 is extended to rotate the cross member 48 in the direction of the arrow h in FIG. It is pressed against both sides of the roof of the supported automobile 5 in the width direction, and is sandwiched and fixed between the automobile pedestal 4. 3. As shown in FIG. 5C, the elevating body 2 is raised to move the automobile 5 upward by a predetermined distance (for example, 350 mm). 4. When the car is moved to a predetermined height, the turntable 20 is turned counterclockwise by 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 5D to rotate the car 5 in the same direction by the same angle. And dismantling work to be performed at the position. 5. When the necessary disassembly work is completed, the elevating body 2 is raised again as shown in FIG. 5 (e), and the automobile 5 is further moved upward by a predetermined distance (for example, 250 mm). 6. Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (f), the turntable 20 is again turned 90 degrees counterclockwise to rotate the car 5 by the same angle in the same direction, and the car 5 is positioned at a position where the bottom thereof faces directly upward. I do. 7. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5 (g), the vehicle 5 is lowered to a position where the work can be easily performed by lowering the elevating body 2, and the disassembly work to be performed at the position is performed. 8. When all dismantling work is completed, lift the elevating body 2,
The turning table 20 is turned 180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise to return the vehicle 5 to the position shown in FIG.

The lifting and lowering of the lifting body 2 as described above,
Is controlled by a control unit (not shown), and a desired operation can be performed on the lifting / lowering body 2 and the revolving disk 20 by pressing a switch provided on the control panel. Specifically, the control panel is provided with a manual / automatic selection switch. When the switch is set to automatic and the switch A is pressed, the above-mentioned operations 1 to 4 are continuously executed. I do. Next, when the switch B is pressed, the operations shown in the above 5 to 7 are continuously executed, and the operation is temporarily stopped there. When the origin return switch is further pressed, the operation shown in FIG. 8 is executed and the state returns to the state shown in FIG. Note that, during any of the steps 1 to 7, when the origin return switch is pressed, an operation for returning from that state to the state shown in FIG. 5A is performed.

The control panel further includes a lifting switch for raising the elevating body 2, a descent switch for lowering, a right turning switch for turning the turning board 20 rightward, and a left turning switch for turning left. A four-point pendant switch is provided, and when the manual / automatic selection switch is set to manual, each switch of the four-point pendant switch can be manually operated by pressing each switch of the four-point pendant switch. I have done it.

(Use Example 2) In the use example 1, the turning table 20 is used.
Is rotated counterclockwise, but it is also possible to rotate clockwise. In this case, a switch C different from the switches A and B is provided, and when the switch C is pressed, the elevating body 2 is raised. Then, the turntable 20 turns 90 degrees clockwise, and the automobile 5 moves in the same direction. The switch 5 can be rotated 90 degrees, and a switch D is further provided. By pressing the switch D, the automobile 5 rotated 90 degrees clockwise is further rotated 90 degrees clockwise, as shown in FIG. It can also be made to be in a state.

(Embodiment 2) The structure for attaching the elevating body 2 to the apparatus main body 1 so as to be able to move up and down is not limited to the above-described one. For example, the structure shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C and FIG. Can also. In the structure shown in FIG. 6 (a), a guide rail 60 is provided along the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the side wall of the apparatus main body 1 formed in a U-shape in cross section, and the guide plate 60 A linear guide 62 running along a rail 60 is provided. The structure shown in FIG. 6B is such that a guide rail 60 is provided on the inner surface of the side wall of the apparatus main body 1 shown in FIG. The structure shown in FIG. 6C has a configuration in which a guide rail 60 is provided on the end surface of the side wall of the apparatus main body 1 shown in FIG. The structure shown in FIG. 7 is configured such that two steel members 64 are erected in parallel on a pedestal (not shown) to form the apparatus main body 1, and a guide rail 60 is provided on the front surface of each steel member 64. The steel material shown in FIG. 7 is a square steel pipe, but the steel material 64 is not limited to this.

(Embodiment 3) A hoist can be combined with the automobile dismantling apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. 8 to make the work of loading an engine or other heavy objects safe and easy. Specifically, as shown in the figure, a column 80 rotatable in the direction of arrow k in the figure is protruded from the upper portion of the apparatus main body 1, and one end of a first arm 82 is attached to the upper end of the column, and the first arm 82 is attached. The other end of the second arm 83 to the other end of the arrow m in the figure.
The hoist 85 is attached to the other end of the second arm 3. Thus, the support 80 is rotated in the direction of arrow k to rotate the first arm 82 in the same direction, and the second arm 83 is further rotated in the direction of arrow m to move the hoist 85 to a desired position. Is possible. The hoisting ability of the hoist 85 is not particularly limited, but the hoist shown in FIG. 8 is capable of hoisting an object up to 500 kg. Up to 5
Using a hoist with a lifting capacity of 00 kg,
It is possible to lift the engine and other heavy parts, and also lift the vehicle body after removing those parts.

(Embodiment 4) A lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the lifting body 2 includes a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a compressed air lifting mechanism, a ball screw and a ball screw nut screwed up and down along the ball screw by the rotation thereof. , And other lifting / lowering mechanisms.

The number of vehicle pedestals 4 attached to the arm 3 is not limited to the number shown in the figure, but may be any number. If two or more vehicle cradles 4 are provided,
Of these, one or two or more can be fixed to the arm 3 and the rest can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3. Further, the car cradle 4 can be made expandable and contractable according to the width of the car to be supported. In this case, it is desirable that the width of the pressing tool 56 of the clamp 6 can be expanded and contracted in accordance with the width of the automobile.

In the clamp 6 shown in FIG. 3, a rear end of a horizontal member 48 is rotatably connected to an upper end of a vertical member 46, and a hydraulic cylinder 52 is disposed in front of the vertical member 46. When the rod 54 is extended, the horizontal member 48 is rotated in the direction of the arrow g in FIG. 3, and when the rod 54 is contracted, the same arrow is used when the rod 54 is contracted. It can also be made to rotate in the h direction. Also,
The clamp 6 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3 and can be stopped at an arbitrary position.

In order to move the car support 4 in the longitudinal direction of the arm 3, the rail 32 and the guide roller 3
In place of the moving mechanism 4, a linear guide or another moving mechanism may be used. In addition, when using any moving mechanism, the car cradle 4 can be moved over the entire length of the arm 3. Further, a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder can be used to fix the automobile cradle 4 to the arm 3. For example, the hydraulic cylinder or the air cylinder attached to the automobile cradle 4 is pressed against the arm 3 to press the same. The table 4 can be fixed to the arm 3.

[0028]

The first device for disassembling a car according to the present invention is:
By raising and lowering the elevating body, it is possible to raise and lower the vehicle sandwiched between the vehicle cradle and the clamp to an arbitrary height, and by rotating the arm, the vehicle can be rotated at an arbitrary angle. It has such effects. 1. Workers can be covered with mud, oil, gasoline, etc. due to dripping or scattered mud, oil, gasoline, etc. However, there is no danger of the worker getting into the eyes and mouth of the worker and damaging the worker's health. 2. It is possible to turn the bottom of the car directly beside or directly above, so there is no need to sneak under the car to dismantle the lower part of the car and work upward while standing on a knee or waist, etc. The worker can perform the below-mentioned dismantling work in a natural posture. Therefore, the labor burden of the worker is greatly reduced. 3. Since the vehicle to be dismantled is clamped by the clamp and the vehicle cradle, the vehicle does not drop or shift during operation. Furthermore, since the work can be performed without having to get under the car, even if the car falls down or is misaligned, there is no danger that the worker will be hung under the car and injured. 4. As a result of the above-described effects 1 to 3, the work efficiency of the car dismantling work is dramatically improved, so that the dismantling cost can be reduced and it is possible to contribute to the prevention of illegal dumping of scrapped vehicles. In addition, since work safety and work environment are dramatically improved, the image of the entire industry is improved, and an improvement in the employment rate of young people can be expected.

According to the second apparatus for dismantling an automobile of the present application, the automobile pedestal is in the form of a fork or a plate having an opening, so that the automobile can be more reliably supported, and the lower part of the lower part of the automobile can be supported. The car cradle does not get in the way when dismantling.

According to the third apparatus for dismantling a car of the present application, the car cradle can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the arm and can be stopped at an arbitrary position. It can correspond to various types of automobiles.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of an automobile dismantling apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a drive mechanism of a turning table in the automobile dismantling apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a vehicle cradle and a clamp.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a usage example of the automobile dismantling device of the present invention.

5 (a) to 5 (g) are process diagrams showing the operating state of the automobile dismantling device of the present invention.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are explanatory views showing different examples of the state of attachment between the apparatus main body and the elevating body.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an attached state of the apparatus main body and the elevating body.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of the vehicle dismantling device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a conventional automobile dismantling operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Apparatus main body 2 Elevating body 3 Arm 4 Car cradle 5 Car 6 Clamp

Claims (3)

[Claims] A vertically elongated apparatus main body (1) and an elevating body (2) attached to the apparatus main body (1) so as to be able to move up and down.
An arm (3) protruding forward of the elevating body (2) and pivotally mounted; and a car cradle (4) protruding from the arm (3) in a direction crossing the arm (3).
And a clamp (6) for clamping a car (5) placed on the car cradle (4) between the car cradle (4) and the lift (2) by moving the lifting body (2) up and down. The vehicle (5) sandwiched between the vehicle cradle (4) and the clamp (6) can be moved up and down to an arbitrary height, and the vehicle (5) can be moved to an arbitrary height by turning the arm (3). An automobile dismantling device characterized by being rotatable to an angle. 2. An apparatus for dismantling an automobile according to claim 1, wherein said automobile cradle is in the form of a fork or a plate having an opening. 3. The vehicle disassembly according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle cradle (4) is movable in the longitudinal direction of the arm (3) and can be stopped at an arbitrary position. Equipment.